Analysis of radial forces on centrifugal pump impeller

1. MAJOR ASSIGNMENT
SUBJECT-R.A.C.
TOPIC –ANALYSIS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
SUBMITTED BY SUBMITTEDTO
ASHUTOSHYADAV MR.ADITYA MISHRA
U.I.D.-K10995 ASST. PROFESSOR M.E.
BRANCH-M.E. DEPT. CPU
CAREER POINT UNIVERSITY
KOTA RAJASTHAN

2. WHAT IS CENTRIFUGAL PUMP?
WORKING MECHANISM OF A
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
POWER AND EFFICIENCY
CALCULATION.
COMPONENTS OF CENTRIFUGAL
PUMPS
ADVANTEGAES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

3. WHAT IS CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP ?
 Convert the mechanical
energy into hydraulic energy
by centrifugal force on the
liquid
 Constitute the most
common type of pumping
machinery
 Used to move liquids
through a piping system
 Has two main components:
1. Stationary componets,
casing, casing cover and
bearings
2. Rotating components,
impeller and shaft
 Classified into three
categories ; Radial Flow,
Mixed Flow, Axial Flow

4. WORKING MECHANISM OF
A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Simplest piece of
equipment in any process
plant
Energy changes occur by
virtue of impeller and
volute
Liquid is fed into the
pump at the center of a
rotating impeller and
thrown outward by
centrifugal force
The conversion of kinetic
energy into pressure
energy supplies the
pressure difference
between the suction side
and delivery side of the
pump
Liquid flow path
inside a
centrifugal pump

5. POWER AND EFFICIENCY
CALCULATIONS
•The power supplied to the pump:
Where m=mass flow rate, kg/s
∆H= total discharge head,
N.m/kg
η=efficiency
…………(1)

6. •The power delivered to the fluid:
…………(2)
•From equations (1) and (2) efficiency:

7. Specific speed that is used to
classify pumps
nq is the specific speed for a unit machine that
is geometric similar to a machine with the head
Hq = 1 m and flow rate Q = 1 m3
/s
43q
H
Q
nn ⋅=
qs nn ⋅= 55,51

8. Components of centrifugal
pumps-
Three basic
components:
Volute, casing, body
or Diffuser
Impeller
or impellers
Driver (motor)

9. Pump Impeller
Centrifugal
Pumps
Vanes
Direction of
rotation

10. Impeller Types
Centrifugal
Pumps
• Open
• Semi-open
• Closed
- Single suction
- Double suction
• Non-clogging
• Axial flow
• Mixed flow

11. Generally:
Maximum efficiency lies in the range:
2000<NS<3000
High head, low capacity pumps:
500<NS<1000
Low head, large capacity pumps:
NS>15000

12. Full Diameter Impeller
Centrifugal
Pumps
Rotation
Impeller
Blades
Vt
V
r
V
s
Vr = Radial Velocity
Vt = Tangential Velocity
Vs = Vector Sum Velocity

13. Impeller and volute
Centrifugal
Pumps
Suction Eye
Cutwater
Arrows represent the
direction of water flow Discharge
Nozzle

14. ADVANTAGES OF
CENTRIGUGAL PUMPS
Advantages
Simple in construction and cheap
Handle liquid with large amounts of solids
No metal to metal fits
No valves involved in pump operation
Maintenance costs are lower

15. DISADVANTAGES OF
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Disadvantages
Cannot handle highly viscous fluids efficiently
Cannot be operated at high heads
Maximum efficiency holds over a narrow range of
conditions

16. Thanks for listening