Construction and materials report about openings: windows and doors

1. OPENINGS: WINDOWS AND DOORS
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1. INTRODUCTION
The construction site which we found is located on Eskişehir Yolu, Konutkent 1,
across Konutkent 1 Boulevard. We observed what the materials they use for doors and
windows and some technical information given by the site manager. The building has still
been going on, they did not allow us to observe the construction of the doors and windows
totally because of the safety issues. That’s why we can only observe both finished doors and
windows and the ones which have not completed yet and took photographs. The site manager
gave the information outside of the building.
In this site report we are going to give information about what is learnt from the site
manager and documents that he gave us: which of these information are what the technical
requirements and materials for installing door and windows and how it is done in the site with
the help of the photos that we took in the site and what are the benefits to observe installation
of the doors and windows in the site for us.
2. OBSERVATION AND EXPECTATIONS
2.1. TECHNICAL OBSERVATION AND EXPERIENCES
2.1.1. WINDOWS
There are thousand types of and windows in the market. Every single material has
different properties. This is the reason that every construction site prefers different materials.
The construction site which we found prefers to use Alkapen AluTech System W75
SeriesW8-2 T as a window frame which has high level of heat insulation (34 mm polyamide
hear barrier is used for reinforcement of the thermal insulation) and sound insulation. (Figure

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1) If there is any situation which needs to increase in the insulation, the insulation material
can be improved. In the contract, the information is given as;
 For the windows which has thermal insulation, 4+16+4 löw-e (Low Emissivity)
 For the windows which has not thermal insulation, 4+16+4 löw-e
 For the windows which is curtain facade,6+16+6 löw-e and green glasses have to be
used.
Figure 1
2.1.2. DOORS
Alkapen AluTech System W75 SeriesW8-2 T series does not only consist of the
windows but also have doors. Also, this series do not have only one door, we can only
observed one of them in the construction site. (Interior doors) The other ones have not
installed the building yet. Also, they want to use same series because of the good appearances.
Different from the windows, this series do not have glass and thermal insulation materials
because they are mostly used in the interior doors, it does not need to thermal insulation.
(Figure 2).
6 mm
16 mm
Air
Gap
6 mm
Thermal Insulation:
Polyamide

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Figure 2
2.1.3. INSTALLATION OF DOORS AND WINDOWS
The first thing that has to be taken into the consideration is the level of the floor
whether it is straight or not. If the floor is not on the level, some corrections on the floor are
needed. After the floor come to the level, the door frame (they used aluminum doorframes the
construction site in order to decrease the change of any problems in the future.) was fitted into
the rough opening (Photograph 2). In order to not buckle, they fit the doorframe into the wall
with welding (Photograph 3). They placed the door into the doorframe and sticked them with
the hinges. (Mostly they used 2 hinges per door) (Photograph 4). After they put the door

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frame and door leave together, they used foam materials and cement in order to cover it
perfectly for the void part between wall and the door frame. Finally, they installed the
hardware of the door which is the easiest part of the installation of doors.
The process is more or less same with the windows as well. They have to take reference
points like the level in the floor for doors. They install the window frame into the wall with
the help of welding. After they put the window frame on the wall, they did process of filling
the thermal insulation materials (Polyamide). Also, they controlled the level of doors and
windows in order to prevent possible problems.
2.2. SOCIAL OBSERVATION AND EXPERIENCES
Before we enter the construction site, Serra met with site manager. Firstly, he did not
allow entering the construction site because of the safety precautions. That’s why Serra went
to construction site again and again in order to convince the site manager. Finally he
convinced but not allowed to enter the building which has been still in the construction. There
are 6 different apartments. The site manager did not allowed entering in the working time, so
we went to construction site in the lunch time of the personnel. We saw lots of construction
materials around the site since those materials mostly trashed ones. (Especially there are lots
of marbles and rebars and nobody cares how dangerous it is) Observing an unfinished
building is different because everything has different procedure and we had a change to not
observe only the doors and windows but also thermal insulation of the facade (rock wool), the
usage of the roof tiles and gutter system (We can only see from a distance, but it can identify
them as a concealed gutter system.) and the water insulation in the balconies and terrace
(mastic asphalt). The thing we came across is we can only observe the ground floor because
of the safety.

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3. CONCLUSION
The construction site experience was beneficial for us to understand the details of the
doors and windows, although the site has safety precautions we cannot observe the process in
details. On the other hand, this experience makes the theoretical information which is given in
the lecture easy to understand. The only thing which makes the situation more difficult to
understand is the Turkish names of the materials.
We learnt some of the terminological terms in Turkish. In addition, we learnt how the
doors installed and what are the materials used in the doors, doorframes (Photograph 2),
hinges (Photograph 4), sliding and where the doors have to be opened. Also we learnt the
materials used in windows. For example, we learnt what the throating is and how it is done in
the wood structures in the lectures given by Necmiye Şule Aybar. However, the construction
site do not have any wood windows structures, they preferred to use aluminum. That’s why
we had a change to observe throating in aluminum structures and be aware of the differences
between wood and steel throating. On the other hand, not only we compare the theoretical
information that is given in the lecture we also have a chance to compare the difference in the
doors and windows. For example, the glass which is used in the doors is different than the
windows. For the windows they used double glazed glass (For thermal insulation purpose.)
because it is integrated with the exteriors. For the doors they used regular glass because of the
decoration purpose. Basically, this experience made some information clear in our minds and
gave the opportunity to observe.

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4. GRAPHIC DOCUMENDATION
4.1. FRONT VIEW AND SECTION
Figure 3: Front View and Section of Windows
Figure 4: Front View and Section of Door

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4.2. PHOTOGRAPHS
Photograph 1: Construction Site
Photograph 2: Placing Door Frame into the Opening

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Photograph 3: Placing Door Frame into the Wall with Bars by Using Welding
Photograph 4: Completed Door (Hinge, Reveals and Jamb)
Hinge
Reveals
Jamb

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Photograph 5: Windows Sill
Photograph 6: Window Throating in Aluminum Joinery
Throating

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Photograph 7: Completed Window
Photograph 8: Completed Window

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5. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Alkapen AluTech System W75 SeriesW8-2 T (n.d) Retrieved from
http://www.alutech.com.tr/en/W7-W8-W75--Yalitimli-Pencere-Ve-Kapi-Seri.html