4. Step Closer to Custom-Building New Blood Vessels
•The group of researchers used Induced pluripotent stem
cells, commonly abbreviated iPSCs, are a type
of pluripotent stem cell artificially derived from a non-
pluripotent cell by inducing a "forced" expression of
specific genes. Usually used as target an adult cell
differentiated (cell differentiation) from a tissue on which is
induces the expression of several foreign genes. IPS cells
are able to differentiate into cells of tissues from the three
germ layers of a human embryogenesis.
Mathematical Models Target Disease With Drugs
Chosen by Your DNA
•Pharmacogenomics is the technology that analyses how
genetic makeup affects an individual's response to drugs.
It deals with the influence of genetic variation on drug
response in patients by correlating gene expression with a
drug's efficacy or toxicity. By doing so,
pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to
optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients'
genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal
adverse effects.

9. As you can read in the article, even from the title, the
construction of a capillary network from pluripotent
stem cells and synthetic material (hydrogel infusion), is
a process that is not ready, tested and safe for humans,
yet. It is clear that I have not checked other
experiments in this area of investigation; so I have no
points of comparison to say how advanced is this
research. At least, they started experimenting with
animals and seems to have good results; I hope that
they continue, to find significant results applicable to
humans. Something that can be an advantage in this
research is the use of new processes of growth, like,
start from induced pluripotent stem cells, and selection
of specifics stem cells to the needs of the investigation.

12. Information on
pharmacological
targets
The framework characterizes
a medicament's
Absorption
Distribution
Elimination
properties
Yielding
Physiological
pathways and,
disease systems in
patients
Resulting in predictions of
treatment effectiveness.

14. This is the beginning of a truly personalized
medicine, at least as far as medicaments are
concerned, since thanks to the collection of
statistical data and pharmacological studies, is
being achieved eliminate the margin of error
that could have a treatment, to suit the needs
specific of patients according to their genetic
material, thus fulfilling, in practice, with de
phrase: "no hay enfermedades sino enfermos".
Personally I find a great step in medicine, so
that is closer to be an exact science.

15. The general application of this research
is the ability to rebuild a microvascular
bed in a clinically relevant manner, they
have made an important step toward
the construction of blood vessels for
therapeutic use more effective
treatments for patients afflicted with
burns, diabetic complications and other
conditions in which vasculature function
is compromised.

16. One particularity in this case was the used of
technics that made the process quicker, and the
use induced pluripotent stem cells as their
starting point. Since this type of cell is made by
reverse-engineering mature cells -- from the skin
or blood, for example -- using it means that the
resulting blood vessels could be tailor-made for
specific patients.

17. The goal of this research is a future
with more effective medications,
faster healing and fewer side effects,
and to achieve it, they studied at
how an individual person responds to
an individual drug by deriving and
using sophisticated mathematical
models, such as differential
equations. The team's equations also
including information about how the
body processes a drug and how the
drug acts in the body.

18. The researchers created a statistical
analysis framework of differential
equations that they expect will help
doctors and pharmacists, by
simulating such variables as protein-
protein and protein-DNA interactions
a drug has in a patient, it will
facilitate the quantitative prediction
of the responses of individual
subjects as well as the design of
optimal drug treatments, by
determine what drug and dose
might be best for that person.

19.  · Johns Hopkins Medicine (2013, July 16). Step closer
to custom-building new blood vessels. ScienceDaily,
[online]. Retrieved July 19, 2013, from
http://www.sciencedaily.com-/releases/2013/07/130
716161844.htm; [consulta: 16 de julio de 2013].
 · Penn State (2013, July 16). Mathematical models
target disease with drugs chosen by your DNA.
ScienceDaily, [online]. . Retrieved July 19, 2013, from
http://www.sciencedaily.com-/releases/2013/07/130
716120030.htm; [consulta: 16 de julio de 2013].