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INTEGRAL TAK WAJAR
KELOMPOK 12 :
1. Mawaddah Aprilia 11160170000015
2. Suci Prahadini Yunita 11170170000006
3. Muhammad Marwan 11170170000022
Definisi Integral Tak Wajar
Dalam mendefinisikan integral tentu 𝑎
𝑏
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 sebagai limit jumlah reiman ada
dua syarat yang harus dipenuhi, yaitu :
a. Batas pengintegralan berhingga
b. Integran(f(x)) berhingga pada selang [a,b]
Jika paling kurang salah satu syarat diatas tidak dipenuhi maka integral tentu
disebut INTEGRAL TAK WAJAR
Jenis-jenis Integral Tak Wajar
A. Integral tak wajar dengan
batas pengintegralan tak
hingga
B. Integral tak wajar dengan
integran tak hingga
Jika f 𝑥 kontinu pada [ a,),
maka
𝑎

𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = lim
𝑏→∞ 𝑎
𝑏
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Jika f 𝑥 kontinu pada (-,b],
maka
−∞
𝑏
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = lim
𝑎→−∞ 𝑎
𝑏
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Jika f 𝑥 kontinu pada (-,], maka
−∞
∞
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = −∞
𝑐
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐
∞
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Jika f 𝑥 kontinu pada (a,d) dan
tidak kontinu di x = a, maka
𝑎
𝑑
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = lim
𝑐→𝑎+ 𝑐
𝑑
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Jika f 𝑥 kontinu pada [a,d) dan
tidak kontinu di x = d, maka
𝑎
𝑑
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = lim
𝑏→𝑑− 𝑎
𝑏
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Jika f 𝑥 tidak kontinu di c, dimana a < k
< d, dan kontinu pada [a,k) U (k,d],
maka 𝑎
𝑑
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎
𝑘
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 +
𝑘
𝑑
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Bila limit pada ruas kanan ada dan bernilai hingga,
maka integralnya disebut Konvergen ke nilai limit
tersebut.
Sedangkan bila limit tidak ada atau nilainya menuju
tak hingga maka disebut Divergen.
A. Integral Tak Wajar Dengan Batas Pengintegralan
Tak Hingga
1. Jika 𝐟 𝒙 kontinu pada [ a,), maka 𝒂

𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒃→∞ 𝒂
𝒃
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙
Contoh soal :
Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut !
1
 1
1+𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑏→∞ 1
𝑏 1
1+𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑏→∞
−1
1+𝑏
−
−1
1+1
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑏→∞
1+𝑥 −1
−1 1
𝑏
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑏→∞
−1
1+𝑏
+
1
2
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑏→∞
−
1
1+𝑥 1
𝑏
=
1
2
(Konvergen)
2. Jika 𝒇 𝒙 kontinu pada (-,b], maka −∞
𝒃
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒂→−∞ 𝒂
𝒃
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙
Contoh Soal :
Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut !
−∞
𝟎 𝒅𝒙
𝟐𝒙−𝟏 𝟐 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒂→−∞ 𝒂
𝟎 𝒅𝒙
𝟐𝒙−𝟏 𝟐
= 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒂→−∞ 𝒂
𝟎
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 −𝟐
= 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒂→−∞
−
𝟏
𝟐 𝟐𝒙−𝟏 𝒂
𝟎
=
𝟏
𝟐
𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒂→−∞
𝟏
𝟏
− −
𝟏
𝟐𝒂−𝟏
= 𝟏 + 𝟎
=
𝟏
𝟐
(Konvergen)
3. Jika 𝐟 𝒙 kontinu pada (-,], maka −∞
∞
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = −∞
𝒄
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒄
∞
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙
Contoh Soal :
Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut !
−∞
∞
𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐
𝒅𝒙 = −∞
𝟎
𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐
𝒅𝒙 + 𝟎
∞
𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐
𝒅𝒙
= 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒂→−∞ 𝒂
𝟎
𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐
𝒅𝒙 + 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒃→∞ 𝟎
𝒃
𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐
𝒅𝒙
= 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒂→−∞
𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐
.
𝒅𝒖
−𝟐𝒙 𝒂
𝟎
+ 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒃→∞
𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐
.
𝒅𝒖
−𝟐𝒙 𝟎
𝒃
= −
𝟏
𝟐
𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒂→−∞
𝒆−𝟎𝟐
− 𝒆−𝒂𝟐
+ −
𝟏
𝟐
𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒃→∞
𝒆−𝒃𝟐
− 𝒆−𝟎𝟐
= −
1
2
1 − 0 + −
1
2
0 − 1
= −
1
2
+
1
2
= 0
B. Integral Tak Wajar Dengan Integran Tak Hingga
1. Jika 𝐟 𝒙 kontinu pada (a,d) dan tidak kontinu di x = a, maka 𝒂
𝒅
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒄→𝒂+ 𝒄
𝒅
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙
Contoh soal :
Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut !
2
5
1
𝑥 − 2
𝑑𝑥 = lim
𝑐 → 2+
𝑐
5
1
𝑥 − 2
𝑑𝑥
= lim
𝑐→2+
2 𝑥 − 2 𝑐
5
= lim
𝑐→ 2+
2 3 − 2 𝑐 − 2
= 2 3 (Konvergen)
2. Jika 𝐟 𝒙 kontinu pada [a,d) dan tidak kontinu di x = d, maka 𝒂
𝒅
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎
𝒃→𝒅− 𝒂
𝒃
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙
Contoh Soal :
Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut !
0
1 1
1−𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = lim
𝑏→1− 0
𝑏 1
1−𝑥
𝑑𝑥
= lim
𝑏→1−
− ln 1 − 𝑥 0
𝑏
= lim
𝑏→1−
− ln 1 − 𝑐 + 0 = ∞ (Divergen)
3. Jika 𝐟 𝒙 tidak kontinu di k, dimana a < k < d, dan kontinu pada [a,k) U (k,d], maka
𝒂
𝒅
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒂
𝒌
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒌
𝒅
𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙
Contoh Soal :
Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut !
0
3 1
(𝑥−1)
2
3
𝑑𝑥 = 0
1 1
(𝑥−1)
2
3
𝑑𝑥 + 1
3 1
(𝑥−1)
2
3
𝑑𝑥
1. 0
1 1
(𝑥−1)
2
3
𝑑𝑥 = lim
𝑏→1− 0
𝑏 1
(𝑥−1)
2
3
𝑑𝑥
= lim
𝑏→1−
3 𝑥 − 1
1
3
0
𝑏
= lim
𝑏→ 1−
3 𝑏 − 1
1
3 + 3 = 3
II. 1
3 1
(𝑥−1)
2
3
𝑑𝑥 = lim
𝑐→1+ 𝑐
3 1
(𝑥−1)
2
3
𝑑𝑥
= lim
𝑐→1+
3 𝑥 − 1
1
3
𝑐
3
= lim
𝑐→ 1+
3 3 − 1
1
3 − 3 𝑐 − 1
1
3 = 3
3
2
Maka dari bagian I & II : 0
3 1
(𝑥−1)
2
3
𝑑𝑥 = 3 + 3
3
2 (Kovergen)
Let’s Try It!
Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut:
1. 𝟒
∞
𝐱𝐞−𝐱𝟐
𝐝𝐱 = …
2. −∞
𝟎
𝐱𝐞𝐱𝐝𝐱 = …

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Integral Tak Wajar

  • 1. INTEGRAL TAK WAJAR KELOMPOK 12 : 1. Mawaddah Aprilia 11160170000015 2. Suci Prahadini Yunita 11170170000006 3. Muhammad Marwan 11170170000022
  • 2. Definisi Integral Tak Wajar Dalam mendefinisikan integral tentu 𝑎 𝑏 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 sebagai limit jumlah reiman ada dua syarat yang harus dipenuhi, yaitu : a. Batas pengintegralan berhingga b. Integran(f(x)) berhingga pada selang [a,b] Jika paling kurang salah satu syarat diatas tidak dipenuhi maka integral tentu disebut INTEGRAL TAK WAJAR
  • 3. Jenis-jenis Integral Tak Wajar A. Integral tak wajar dengan batas pengintegralan tak hingga B. Integral tak wajar dengan integran tak hingga Jika f 𝑥 kontinu pada [ a,), maka 𝑎  𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑏→∞ 𝑎 𝑏 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Jika f 𝑥 kontinu pada (-,b], maka −∞ 𝑏 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑎→−∞ 𝑎 𝑏 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Jika f 𝑥 kontinu pada (-,], maka −∞ ∞ 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = −∞ 𝑐 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐 ∞ 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Jika f 𝑥 kontinu pada (a,d) dan tidak kontinu di x = a, maka 𝑎 𝑑 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑐→𝑎+ 𝑐 𝑑 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Jika f 𝑥 kontinu pada [a,d) dan tidak kontinu di x = d, maka 𝑎 𝑑 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑏→𝑑− 𝑎 𝑏 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Jika f 𝑥 tidak kontinu di c, dimana a < k < d, dan kontinu pada [a,k) U (k,d], maka 𝑎 𝑑 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 𝑘 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑘 𝑑 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
  • 4. Bila limit pada ruas kanan ada dan bernilai hingga, maka integralnya disebut Konvergen ke nilai limit tersebut. Sedangkan bila limit tidak ada atau nilainya menuju tak hingga maka disebut Divergen.
  • 5. A. Integral Tak Wajar Dengan Batas Pengintegralan Tak Hingga 1. Jika 𝐟 𝒙 kontinu pada [ a,), maka 𝒂  𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒃→∞ 𝒂 𝒃 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 Contoh soal : Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut ! 1  1 1+𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑏→∞ 1 𝑏 1 1+𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑏→∞ −1 1+𝑏 − −1 1+1 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑏→∞ 1+𝑥 −1 −1 1 𝑏 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑏→∞ −1 1+𝑏 + 1 2 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑏→∞ − 1 1+𝑥 1 𝑏 = 1 2 (Konvergen)
  • 6. 2. Jika 𝒇 𝒙 kontinu pada (-,b], maka −∞ 𝒃 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒂→−∞ 𝒂 𝒃 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 Contoh Soal : Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut ! −∞ 𝟎 𝒅𝒙 𝟐𝒙−𝟏 𝟐 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒂→−∞ 𝒂 𝟎 𝒅𝒙 𝟐𝒙−𝟏 𝟐 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒂→−∞ 𝒂 𝟎 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 −𝟐 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒂→−∞ − 𝟏 𝟐 𝟐𝒙−𝟏 𝒂 𝟎 = 𝟏 𝟐 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒂→−∞ 𝟏 𝟏 − − 𝟏 𝟐𝒂−𝟏 = 𝟏 + 𝟎 = 𝟏 𝟐 (Konvergen)
  • 7. 3. Jika 𝐟 𝒙 kontinu pada (-,], maka −∞ ∞ 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = −∞ 𝒄 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒄 ∞ 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 Contoh Soal : Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut ! −∞ ∞ 𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = −∞ 𝟎 𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 + 𝟎 ∞ 𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒂→−∞ 𝒂 𝟎 𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒃→∞ 𝟎 𝒃 𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒂→−∞ 𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐 . 𝒅𝒖 −𝟐𝒙 𝒂 𝟎 + 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒃→∞ 𝒙𝒆−𝒙𝟐 . 𝒅𝒖 −𝟐𝒙 𝟎 𝒃 = − 𝟏 𝟐 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒂→−∞ 𝒆−𝟎𝟐 − 𝒆−𝒂𝟐 + − 𝟏 𝟐 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒃→∞ 𝒆−𝒃𝟐 − 𝒆−𝟎𝟐 = − 1 2 1 − 0 + − 1 2 0 − 1 = − 1 2 + 1 2 = 0
  • 8. B. Integral Tak Wajar Dengan Integran Tak Hingga 1. Jika 𝐟 𝒙 kontinu pada (a,d) dan tidak kontinu di x = a, maka 𝒂 𝒅 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒄→𝒂+ 𝒄 𝒅 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 Contoh soal : Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut ! 2 5 1 𝑥 − 2 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑐 → 2+ 𝑐 5 1 𝑥 − 2 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑐→2+ 2 𝑥 − 2 𝑐 5 = lim 𝑐→ 2+ 2 3 − 2 𝑐 − 2 = 2 3 (Konvergen)
  • 9. 2. Jika 𝐟 𝒙 kontinu pada [a,d) dan tidak kontinu di x = d, maka 𝒂 𝒅 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒍𝒊𝒎 𝒃→𝒅− 𝒂 𝒃 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 Contoh Soal : Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut ! 0 1 1 1−𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑏→1− 0 𝑏 1 1−𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑏→1− − ln 1 − 𝑥 0 𝑏 = lim 𝑏→1− − ln 1 − 𝑐 + 0 = ∞ (Divergen)
  • 10. 3. Jika 𝐟 𝒙 tidak kontinu di k, dimana a < k < d, dan kontinu pada [a,k) U (k,d], maka 𝒂 𝒅 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒂 𝒌 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒌 𝒅 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 Contoh Soal : Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut ! 0 3 1 (𝑥−1) 2 3 𝑑𝑥 = 0 1 1 (𝑥−1) 2 3 𝑑𝑥 + 1 3 1 (𝑥−1) 2 3 𝑑𝑥 1. 0 1 1 (𝑥−1) 2 3 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑏→1− 0 𝑏 1 (𝑥−1) 2 3 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑏→1− 3 𝑥 − 1 1 3 0 𝑏 = lim 𝑏→ 1− 3 𝑏 − 1 1 3 + 3 = 3 II. 1 3 1 (𝑥−1) 2 3 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑐→1+ 𝑐 3 1 (𝑥−1) 2 3 𝑑𝑥 = lim 𝑐→1+ 3 𝑥 − 1 1 3 𝑐 3 = lim 𝑐→ 1+ 3 3 − 1 1 3 − 3 𝑐 − 1 1 3 = 3 3 2 Maka dari bagian I & II : 0 3 1 (𝑥−1) 2 3 𝑑𝑥 = 3 + 3 3 2 (Kovergen)
  • 11. Let’s Try It! Hitunglah integral tak wajar berikut: 1. 𝟒 ∞ 𝐱𝐞−𝐱𝟐 𝐝𝐱 = … 2. −∞ 𝟎 𝐱𝐞𝐱𝐝𝐱 = …