This document discusses population and factors that influence population growth and distribution. It covers: - World population has grown significantly since 1800 due to improved health/medicine and agriculture. - Population density varies depending on factors like climate, resources, jobs, and wars. High population density is over 100 people/km2. - Birth and death rates differ between rich and poor countries. Poor countries tend to have higher birth rates due to religious and social factors, while rich countries have lower birth rates since women work more. Death rates are higher in poor countries due to lack of healthcare and resources. - Population pyramids illustrate age/gender distributions and can be triangular, bell-shaped, or tunnel-shaped

1. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
UNIT 1
POPULATION

2. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
1. A GROWING POPULATION
• POPULATION : number of people living in a
country or area.
• Since 1800 the world´s population has grown
very quickly. This is due to:
- Improvements in health and medicine
- Improvements in agriculture and industry
(more food)

3. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
2. WHERE DO PEOPLE LIVE?
• Population is not distributed evenly. People choose
the best areas to live in. Some of the important
factors are:
a) Good climate
b) Water
c) Fertile land
d) Relief
e) Services ( transport, hospitals, schools)
f) Jobs
g) Wars...

4. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
• POPULATION DENSITY: number of people
living in an area or country. It can be:
High ( more than 100 inhabitants per Km2)
Moderate (between 50 and 99)
Low ( less than 49)

5. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
3. NATURAL CHANGE IN POPULATION
A. BIRTHS
B. DEATHS
C. RATE OF NATURAL INCREASE

6. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
A. BIRTHS
• HIGH:
• -Religious reasons
• -Children can help with work
• -Less access to contraception
• -Women don´t go out to work
• -People study more years
RICH
COUNTRY
• LOW BIRTHS RATE (The opposite)
POOR
COUNTRY

7. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
B. DEATHS
• LIFE EXPECTANCY: the number of years that a
person is expected to live.
• HIGH:
• Bad medical services
• Don´t have enough
medicines
• Don´t have enough food
RICH
COUNTRY
• LOW (The opposite)
POOR
COUNTRY

8. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
C. RATE OF NATURAL INCREASE
RICH
COUNTRY
POOR
COUNTRY
POSITIVE =
POPULATION INCREASE
ZERO or NEGATIVE =
POPULATION DECREASE

9. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
4. POPULATION PYRAMIDS
• DEFINITION: show how many males and females
there are in each age group
3 types
Triangular
shape
• Poor
countries
Bell shape
• Countries
that are
becoming
rich
Tunnel shape
• Rich
countries

10. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
ACTIVITIES
1. Which of these reasons why the world´s
population is growing?
a) Women have few children
b) There are improvements in agriculture
c) There are improvements in health and
medicine
d) There are more inmigrants

11. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
2. Look at the map. Do more people live in the
Northern or Southern Hemisphere?
White= more population

12. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
3. Which of these places have a high population
density? Why?
• High mountains
• Deserts
• Land next to rivers
• Very cold climate
• Fertile valleys

13. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
• Look at the graphic and answer the
questions.
-Which three continents are people living more
years?
-Who lives more years, men o women?

14. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
4. Match these terms with their definition
Terms Definition
POPULATION DENSITY Number of births in a year
BIRTH RATE Number of people per Km2
LIFE EXPECTANCY Number of years that a person is
expected to live
MORTALITY RATE Increase/ decrease in population per
year
RATE OF NATURAL INCREASE Number of deaths in a year

15. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
5. Join each country to its pyramid.
Poor country Rich countryPoor country that
becomes rich

16. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
• Women in poor countries have less children
than in rich countries
• People live more years in rich countries. Life
expectancy is higher
• Death rate is lower in poor countries
• The rate of natural increase is zero or negative
in rich countries
6. True or false

17. Sara González Castro IES SIERRA DE ARAS
7. Answer these questions?
• Why do women in poor countries have more
children than in rich countries?
• Why death rate is higher in poor countries?