2. INTRODUCTION
• Speech and voice related problems like dysphasia and
aphasia,slurred speech,agnosia etc…..
• Dysphasia is a partial or complete impairment of the ability to
communicate resulting from brain injury.
3. • Aphasia is an inability to comprehend and formulate language
because of damage to specific brain regions.
• This damage is typically caused by a cerebral vascular accident
(stroke), or head trauma
4. • Dyslexia, also known as reading disorder, is characterized by
trouble with reading despite normal intelligence.
• Alexia Loss of the ability to read or understand the written
word, due either to brain damage that disconnects these
functions or to temporary dysfunction caused by abnormal
electrical or chemical activity in the brain.
5. • Agnosia is the inability to process sensory information. Often
there is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds,
shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor
is there any significant memory loss.
6. • Apraxia is a motor disorder caused by damage to the brain
(specifically the posterior parietal cortex), in which the
individual has difficulty with the motor planning to perform
tasks or movements when asked, provided that the request or
command is understood and he/she is willing to perform the
task.
7. • Acalculia is an acquired impairment in which patients have
difficulty performing simple mathematical tasks, such as
adding, subtracting, multiplying and even simply stating which
of two numbers is larger.
• Agraphia is an acquired neurological disorder causing a loss in
the ability to communicate through writing, either due to
some form of motor dysfunction
8. ICD-10-CM GUIDELINES
• R47 Speech disturbances, not elsewhere classified
• R48 Dyslexia and other symbolic dysfunctions, not elsewhere
classified
• R49 Voice and resonance disorders
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