The True State Of Loneliness

The True State Of Loneliness
"Being alive means being in a body–a body separated from all other bodies. And being separated means being alone. This is true of every creature,
and it is true of man more than any other creature. He is not only alone; he also knows that he is alone. Awareof what he is, he therefore asks the
question of his aloneness. He asks why he is alone andhow he can overcome his being alone. He cannot stand it; but cannot escape it either. It is
his destiny to be alone and to be aware of it. Not even God can take away this destiny from him." (Paul Tillich, 1963) There have been numerous
interpretations of the true state of loneliness, but how is it really defined? Would you think that a person isolated in the corner of the room socially
withdrawn from the crowed is lonely or someone surrounded by their group of friends playing and laughing around? The fact of the matter is it could
be both individuals, there is no telling what they feel on the inside unless you can figure out the signs and symptoms and analyze their background
information in history. Some may not too choose to believe it but someone close to you can be suffering from this condition. Loneliness seems to have
become a common characteristics that individuals share around the world. Although this is a subject that has been a part of discussions and a focus of
research for many years in philosophy , theology, psychology and literature, the scientific study has had a relatively short record. In this day and age
there have
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Public Relations : Print Media Vs. Social Media
Issues in Public Relations
Ivette Medrano Araujo
MCOM 253–002 Principles of PR and Integrated Communications
Towson University Issues in Public Relations: Print Media vs. Social Media Since its beginnings, public relations have been helpful and effective to
every type of business that applies it or situation where it is applied. For decades, and even to date, one the most used ways of public relations have been
the print media; however, a new and different method known as social media emerged worldwide and has caused different consequences in the
field of public relations. Public relations have existed even before the Common Era. In continents that now are known as Europe and Asia, people
carved on stones different types of negative messages about their opponents to discourage them (Wilcox, Cameron & Reber, 2015, p. 40). This was
a way of writing about a subject and letting people read it, and after that chat about it, instead of approaching people individually, they decided to do
this in order to cover more "audience." Many centuries had to pass in order to come up with a more accessible and sophisticated way to deliver
messages to people. It was not until the invention and development of the printing press in 1450 attributed to Johannes Guttenberg (Wilcox, et al.,
2015, p. 41) that print media would evolve in a different way in public relations. With the invention of the printing press, many people started not only
to read books that were published, being

Behavior of the Student
Chapter 1
Problem and Its Background
This chapter covers the introduction, the theories related to it, the conceptual framework, the statement of the problem, its significance to the group of
individual, the scope and limitations, and the definition of important terms used in the study.
Introduction The study of human behavior is absolutely essential for anyone to cultivate positive relations with others and avoid unnecessary conflict.
The study of human behavior needs to be part of any educational curriculum program. The study of human behavior helps one to understand that it's
part of our human nature to make mistakes, that good intentions lead to mishaps and that stuff happens. We've got to be cognizant of this knowledge in
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A person classifies his preferences which govern his behavior and action. Value actually guide man's behavior and decision as he related himself in
most situations in life. Every individual has his own personal values that influence his dealings and reactions to circumstances.
Conceptual Framework
Process
Assessment of problems thru: 1. Observation 2. Survey 3. Analysis
Output
* Highly motivated students * Active participants on interactive discussions * Improved teaching strategies of teachers * Innovative school
administrators * Responsive government officials
Input
1. What makes the students misbehave inside the classroom 2. Effect of the enumerated factors in the student's misbehavior. 3. Causes of students
misbehavior.
FEEDBACK

Figure 1. Paradigm
As shown in paradigm, the study seeks to find out whether the factors inside the classroom affecting the misbehavior of the student. Using the IPO
model, the inputs phase shows what contributed most to the students' misbehavior; how the following factors are affecting the misbehavior of the
students inside the classroom such as teacher, classmates, and classroom environment; what are the causes of misbehavior of the student inside the
classroom. The process phase covers the process of activities which the study undertakes like gathering data from group of respondents as well as

Social Constructivism And Its Impact On International...
Social constructivism emerged in the mid–1990s, after the end of Cold War. Although it has been seen as a 'young ' theory in International Relations, it
has challenged the two dominant theories – realism and liberalism. It also provided new theoretical openings to understand the International Relations.
Social constructivists tried to establish a "middle ground" between rationalism and poststructuralism. Unlike realism, social constructivism claims that
material capabilities of states, such as military power, is not the only essential factor in International Relations. It also concentrates on other
non–material factors, including identity, culture, ideas, norms, institutions and interests. Moreover, it believes that the interaction of structures and
agency is a key in explaining the international politics. However, not every social constructivists agree with the same themes of the theory. There is
contestation. According to Ted Hopf (1998), social constructivism can be divided into two categories. The first type is the conventional constructivism,
in other words, the 'weak ' constructivism. The second type is the critical constructivism, which is also called poststructuralism. In this essay, I am
going to discuss the limitations of the weak form of social constructivism from the perspectives of other approaches, such as the critical constructivism
and rationalism. The other approaches can indicate the deficiency of the weak form of social constructivism. According to

What Is Social Relations
What are social relations and how do they manifest in society
Introduction
Social relations or social interaction is any relationship between two or more individuals. Social relations came about from individual agency form the
basis of social structure and the basic self–identity. A person constructs a sense of identity in relation tofamily, other people, cultural practices, gender,
social class, social/political systems, sexuality, geographic location and physical and mental abilities. Basically social relations can be outlined by
physical movements, actions with meaning and purpose, social behaviours and social contacts (Ravindar Kumar; urban sociology; July 2010).
Types of relations
Social relations include household membership, community ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Being of the same place with other people consist of interacting, sharing same values of the same community and that is where sense of unity comes in
and this is all rounded by relationship between the people, which is if it is not present societies would lack stability.
Intimate relationship as humans we long to belong somewhere and to be loved somehow, intimacy is a word for that. People engage in relationships
that consist of intimacy which means the sharing of feelings, emotions and romance. Intimate relationship is interpersonal it includes sexual activity,
physically attached to the person, emotionally attached and giving personal support. It can be another relation rather than family membership that a
person can feel as close to someone as they can possibly can.
Relations are found in every place even in the working environment, this type of relationship can be between the employer and the employee and
also between colleagues and it is called a professional relation because it is based in the place of work where individuals are guided by work ethics
and appropriate behaviour. As this is a professional relation it is also a social support because people get to know each other personally and end up
providing each other with social support, this includes sharing personal stuff good or bad, sadness or laughter, lending each other money and creating
opportunities for each

Social Medi Interpersonal And Social Relations
Activity on social media sites such as Facebook through the use of the Internet has an impact on individuals' interpersonal relations as it has
changed the form of communication utilised in such relationships. This literature review aims to examine the various resources discussing
interpersonal and social relations in the light of social media sites. To begin with, a clear line should be drawn between interpersonal and social
relations, as these two terms differ regardless of the platform, be it online of offline. Hogg & Vaughan (2014) establish that interpersonal attraction
relates to liking somebody based on their idiosyncratic preferences and characteristics, while social attraction deals with liking somebody due to a
group membership of theirs. This implies that the interpersonal relations between you and your sister is based on similar hobbies and temper, while
the social relations between you and your friend are based on your friend's membership of your varsity sports team. This theory suggests that you can
like somebody as a group member but not as an individual and vice versa which has the implication that you may have social relations with a person
only through interacting in the university chess club or the online chess platform, but not outside. It follows that you are indeed likely to initiate such a
social relationship only within those bounds after which you may or may not grow closer to a few individuals within the group depending on their
character, whereas

Family Relations And Social Development
Family relations and social development are one of the problematic fields to study in psychology as psychologists seek to understand the workings of
an individual within the family context (Minuchin, 1985). Other branches of psychology are involved in understanding the various aspects of the
family and the individual. For example, developmental psychology to analyse individual's developmental milestones and difficulties and social
psychology to examine the social interactions amongst members. However, these two branches fail to provide a holistic understanding in studying the
family as it gives a relative individualistic perspective.
The family is an essential component in one's life, especially for the child. It plays a vital role in the child's social development and emotional
regulation (Morris, Silk, Steinberg, Myers, & Robinson, 2007) through their relationships with their parents (Cripps & Zyromski, 2009). Incidentally,
children's emotional regulation and familial influence are bidirectional processes (Morris et al., 2009), reflecting a reciprocal impact on all family
members. As such, it is imperative to use various theoretical perspectives to analyse and understand any family situation instead of using individualistic
developmental and interaction perspective.
According to Minuchin (1985), six basic principles outline the Family Systems theory. Each principle describes the function in which a family and its
subsystems operate and the inextricable relationships

Difference in Social Relations Between City Dwellers and...
Why are the social relations between urban and rural areas so different and what causes these differences to occur? This question is what I am going
to be arguing. I will be doing this not only through my opinions and ideas, but also through the works of Georg Simmel, Louis Wirth and Ernest
Burgess. All three of these urban scholars add a slightly different view of urbanism as a way of life.
Georg Simmel's interpretation of interpersonal social relations in the city is one based on the stimulus a person comes in contact with. Simmel writes
this in his essay, "The Metropolis and Mental Life." He clearly states, "The intensification of emotional life due to the swift and continuous shift of
external and internal stimuli." (Blackwell, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Simmel's work overlaps with that of Louis Wirth. Most notably their work overlaps in the struggle to define the social relationships that are made in
urban societies to those that are made in rural communities. Wirth conveys this message in his work called, "Urbanism as a Way of Life." Wirth writes,
"The superficiality, the anonymity, and the transitory character of urban–social relations make intelligible, also, the sophistication and the rationality
generally ascribed to city dwellers." (Metropolis, 68) Both Wirth and Simmel are aware that the social relationships of city dwellers are ones based
on intelligence and rationality and are removed of emotion. However, with Wirth, I would like to focus on his idea that a city is not only high in
population, but it is also high density and high heterogeneity and how these things play a role in the social relationships of rural and urban communities.
First, I would like to look at the competition levels between city dwellers and people in rural communities. The high population and high density play a
huge role in the amount of competition that takes place in the city, compared to the amount that takes place in rural communities. The sheer number of
people and the relatively small area that they share cause the competition level to rise exponentially. Also, the lack of emotional connections between
city

Social Media Relations With Customers And The Pr Firm
In an effort to further support the claim that employing a public relations practitioner would be beneficial to J. Gregory Salon, I've compiled two
examples of PR success. This includes two types of technological PR strategies, blogging and Photosharing. I chose these examples because of their
relevance to the salon's previous types of social media relations with customers and the PR firm's extensive research processes.
LG Mobile
The following is an example of how the incorporation and reliance on a public relations firm helped the company, LG, utilize digital media and
increase awareness and profit. Ronnie Brown wrote the article, titled "Utilizing the blogosphere to increase buzz and drive positive sentiment of mobile
phones." It is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their overall goal was to build awareness to increase sales and consideration on a small budget. The first step to success was hiring Outside Line, a
digital agency that specializes in social media marketing and communication.
Before any direct action was taken, a large amount of research had to be done in order to learn about the nature of their consumers, and how they
respond to one another and the company. They focused on the Internet, the top trend, and discovered a collection of factors (Brown. 2010):
The widespread adoption of broadband
Free online services that allow content creation
Collaborative sites
Information sharing via social bookmarking sites
Discussion of opinions on blogs and forums
Creation and maintenance of relationship through Facebook
They determined that blogs were rapidly growing in popularity, so they decided to make that the center of the marketing campaign. After the consumer
analysis, they researched LG's competitors to learn about what they did and didn't have, and what LG could do differently in order to stand out. They
found that none of the competitors had blogs; therefore, blogs appeared to be the best place for the campaign to start.
Once they had all the researched needed in order to make conclusions about their consumers, they established goals and objectives that must be

accomplished throughout and by the end of the campaign. The objectives were (Brown. 2010):
Increasing the online buzz around its products

Public Relations And Social Media
Public relations use traditional media, social media and stakeholder engagement in everyday practice. Each of these three concepts is contingent to the
success of public relations and practitioners use them in order to connect and communicate with publics and audiences to enforce messages. Each
concept correlates with one or more of Grunig and Hunt's four models of public relations, emphasising the importance of these three concepts in the
public relations industry. To further understand these concepts, real world applications of each concept has been identified and explored in relation to
contemporary public relations practice and ethical considerations related to the organisation's behaviour in practice.
Dominating the public relations realm for myriad years, traditional, or mass, media has been the predominant means of communication. These
communications mediums include newspapers, magazines, radio, television, leaflets, and corporate videos (Theaker, 2001, p. 20). Other mediums
include public service announcements, media conferences, special events, and media release, which is the most commonly used tool in public
relations (Wilcox, Cameron, Reber, & Shin, 2011, p. 250). Since its introduction, traditional media has become well established and has been able to
captivate audiences, moreover, these traditional mediums for information have become trustworthy and are far more credible than social media
(LexisNexis Survey Shows Today 's Consumers Trust Traditional Media

Body Mass Index Essay
Social relationships, academic performance, dietary habits and body mass index in school children: A comparative study ABSTRACT Adolescence is
always an interesting phase for doing research as their quest for new things and self–identity goes on. This study aims to explore the relationship
among social relationships, academic performance, dietary habits and body mass index on school children. We assumed that all the study variables
will be significantly correlated with each other. We tested our hypotheses using data collected from 201 school children (141 boys and 60 girls) in
different schools in Jalandhar, Punjab. Results revealed significant and positive relationship between social relationship and academic performance,
significant and positive relationship between social relationship and food habit, significant and negative relationship between social relationship and
body mass index, significant and negative relationship between academic performance and body mass index and significant and negative relationship
between food habit and body mass index. Moreover, there were gender differences on social relationships and food habit where males are found to be
higher than females. However, no gender differences were obtained on academic performance and body mass index. Keywords: Social Relationships,
Dietary habits, Academic performance, Body mass index Introduction Human personality is greatly influenced by home and school environment in the
initial years. A child's

Psychology and Impact Personality Development
1.Define personality.
2.Analyze how biological, situational and mental processes impact personality development.
3.Discuss social and cultural contributions to personality development.
4.Describe the major dispositional theories of personality.
5.Describe the major process theories of personality.
6.Evaluate the major personality theories.
7.Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of commonly used personality assessment techniques, validity, reliability.
Define personality.
Personality
* Is a unique and relatively stable ways in which people think, feel and behave * Is shaped by biological, situational, and mental processes in a
sociocultural and development context * Impacts people's cognition, motivation and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
one would play with an outgoing child more than an inhibited one pushes inhibited child towards shyness * E.g. observational learning
Traits
* Emerge from temperaments and influenced by experiences * Guides thoughts and actions under various conditions * Relatively stable * BIG 5 Traits
* Openness to experience, Conscientious, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism * Has validity across cultures (but most of these studies utilized
university students as respondents who are more influenced by European–American views * Quite accurate * Labels a person but gives no explanation
on why
Evaluation of Trait Theories
XPortrayed personality as fixed and static rather than a process that can undergo development changes depending on experiences
Xoversimplified our complex nature
XDo not tell much

Jan Aart Scholte
Chapter 4 – Explaining Globalization
Scholte briefly examines six differing theoretical approaches to explaining globalization – what are they? What is the central theme of each?
Liberalisms Liberalist position globalization is, at the most elementary level, a result of 'natural' human desires for economic welfare and political
liberty. As such, increased transplanetary connectivity is ultimately derived from human drives to maximize material well–being (through markets) and
to exercise basic freedoms (as guaranteed by publicly accountable government). For liberalists globalization is an outcome of people's strivings to
escape poverty as well as to achieve civil and political rights. On a liberalist account it is inherent in market ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In these cases, transplanetary connectivity is said to have arisen because of the way that people have mentally constructed the social world with
symbols, language, interpretation, and so on. From ideational perspectives, globalization has resulted from particular forms and dynamics of
consciousness. For methodological idealists, patterns of production and governance are second–order structures that derive from deeper cultural and
socio–psychological forces. Such accounts of globalization have come especially from the fields of Anthropology, Humanities, Media Studies, and
Sociology, although idealist arguments have also influenced some researchers in Geography, Politics and even Business Studies. One type of ideational
explanation is constructivism, an approach that has been popular particularly since the 1990s among International Studies scholars in North America
and Western Europe who wish to develop an alternative perspective to liberalism and political realism. As the theory's name suggests, constructivism
concentrates on the ways that social actors 'construct' their world: both within their own minds and through inter–subjective communication with
others. Particularly, constructivists examine how inter–subjective communication generates common understandings of reality, shared norms for social
behaviour, and notions of group identity and solidarity. Conversation and

Toulmin Model in Relation to Social Media Effects
Social Media: The Downfall Nisha Abraham Sullivan University ENG 204: Advanced Writing July 11, 2013 Abstract Social Media is affecting our
society in a negative way. From being the number one cause of divorce, ruining people's careers, and being a haven for teen suicides, many
misfortunes arise due to social media. People may not notice its damaging side effects yet it is slowly but surely proving detrimental to all involved in
the game. By taking a step back and maintaining self–control, any human being immersed in the frenzy of social media can enjoy its perks without
getting caught up in the whirlwind of unfortunate events. Keywords: social media, internet, cyber, cyber bullying, suicide, divorce, Facebook,
MySpace, Twitter,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Private information that was previously segregated now becomes easily accessible to employers, colleagues, recruiters, and clients, among other
perhaps unintended audiences" (Abril, 2012, para. 4). Yes, most social media sites attain privacy settings but one must always remember there are
hiccups in everything on the internet and no guarantees leaks will not occur. As much as social media has managed to ruin our society, it plays a
positive role for the public as well. Social media allowed people to use their networks as a form of reaching out to old friends and family across the
world. With America being known as the melting pot of the world, our society has several people with family on the other side of the Earth. With
social media in effect, this permits people to stay in touch with long lost loved ones and keep ties tight. Not only has it sanctioned friends and
family to keep in touches but has granted people to relocate birth parents and unknown family members as well. Yes, social media has failed our
society greatly but there is always a rainbow somewhere after a rainy day. Social media can play a positive role by bringing people back together.
Even though the world may seem small, we have a larger community than most can see with their eyes. The internet blinds people from the dark abyss
of deceit, lies, and secrets but it is gradually

Social Identity Theory And Theories Surrounding Intergroup...
Abstract
There is a range of views expressed as to the reactions people have to criticisms from either the in–group or the out–group; the majority of such
opinions suggest that people prefer to hear criticisms from people within their group than outside their group. Participants were given a vignette based
on a criticism which they were either led to believe came from a member of the in–group or a member of the out–group. The results showed that
participants responded with a lower sensitivity to negative emotions if the criticism originated from a member of the in–group compared to from the
out–group. The mean results from the out–group totals to 4.46 compared to the mean results from the in–group which totals to 3.784. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The concept of Social Identity theory considers the extent to which social identity affects a person's identity as well as how people can identify
themselves as part of an in–group. There is a belief that a person's social identity can be directly related to the perceived group membership (Social
Psychology: Traditional and Critical Perspectives, by Paul Dickerson). The current theory for social identity focuses solely on one group identity when
people can be part of more than one social group.
The intergroup relations relates to how the group interacts within the "in–group", this leads on from the social identity theory, such that it is the
relationship between the group which directly affects a person's self–identity. Becker, Wagner and Christ, 2011, discussed how intergroup attributions
tend to be characterised by the belief that the group the individual belongs to are the ones that have positive contributions and the other groups not
related to them have negative beliefs. There has been research which suggests that if people have contact with the out–group then they are more likely
to become less prejudiced (Social Psychology, by Robbie Sutton and Karen Douglas).
The inter–group sensitivity effect describes the likeliness of people preferring criticism to originate from the in–group than any criticism coming from
the out–group. Hornsey et al in 2002 showed that people find it easier to

Locke And Rousseau 's Influence On Education
Education has been ever developing since the inception of the first schools. The early theorists believed that children were mini adults. Children were
treated the same as their adult counterparts. They were given jobs at early ages, and dressed the same as their parents. This belief, that children were
just little adults, was called Preformationism. Though this may seem like an antiquated idea, aspects of Preformationism are still scene in today's
society. "We often lapse into the same thinking today, as when we expect young children to sit still for hour, or when we assume that their thinking is
the same as ours" (Crain 5). Clearly there was the need for new theories, which would better explain child development and education. This is where
Locke and Rousseau come in.
John Locke, a British philosopher, focused on the role of social environment and experiences in education. Locke believed that children's minds were
blank slates. Meaning we are not born with any innate notions or abilities. Locke consider the mind "to be...white paper void of all characteristics,
without any ideas." (Crain 7) The mind is very pliable and ready to accept new information. Locke believed children learned in four ways, the first of
which is associations. What this means is that we simultaneously think of two things and associate them. For example if you get sick after eating at
McDonalds, you might feel stomach pain every time you see one. The next way is repetition, or doing something several

Social Interaction Influence Cognitive Development Essay
Social interaction plays an important role in people's life starting from the early childhood as infants interact with their caregivers and build the
emotional attachment that is the base for future relationships. By social interaction with others children learn how to communicate, play and behave in
particular situation. Berk (2009) proposed the overview of the literature that concentrates upon the early attachment and its importance. Knowing the
influence of social interaction on child development in the first few years, the essay is going to elaborate upon the implication of social interaction on
the development of cognition. Cognitive development as Lee & Gupta (eds.) claimed is the term that refers to acquisition and development of ... Show
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The interesting question is whether the social interaction is shaped in similar way across different children. Therefore, specific groups of children as
normally developed, deprived of parental care, with Down syndrome, and Autistic are going to be considered to elaborate whether social interaction is a
necessity for cognitive development and how social interaction influences the later stages of children's life. The essay is going to introduce short
overviews of Piaget (1926) and Vygotsky's (1978) theories to indicate their different approaches when considering cognitive development. Piaget (1926)
developed a constructivist theory which is the basis for the other cognitive development theories that followed. He proposed the definition of schema
which refers to children's construction of shaping their thought and actions through the set of cognitive processes as assimilation, disequilibriums and
accommodation. When encountering new experiences, children try to interpret them in terms of known cognitive schemas. In case of failing, they
need to adjust their interpretation to the reality (Schaffter & Kipp,8th ed). Based on his assumptions, Piaget (1926) proposed that child as a lone
individual progress through four main stages of cognitive development. On the other hand, Vygotsky (1978) presented sociocultural theory. Vygotsky
(1978) concentrated on the social interaction between child and adult considering

Relational Model 's Theory Of Social Life Essay
Introduction Alan Page Fiske catalyzed the advocacy of the relational model 's theory (RMT) in 1991. The theory states that there are four natural ways
of interrelating with other people. The author established the four models in his article structures of social life. Fiske affirms that the models work
together in varying combinations and control almost all transactions by human beings (Bolender, 2010, p.60). He further asserts that the models unify
ideas on moral judgment, social justice, religious, political ideology, and social conflict. It also informs the reactions to misfortunes and transgression.
He explains that they are the foundation of human sociality (Bolender, 2010, p.60). The four models of relations as identified by Fiske include market
pricing, equality matching, authority ranking, and communal sharing. The theory suggests the four models as the first cognitive models which
represent, comprehends, evaluates, and constructs social relationships (Haslam, 2004, p.3). Therefore, the models do not define the type of
relationships that exists between individuals in principle; the models are not empirically independent but are a contingent matter regarding the degree
of their association as they operate in a culture (Fiske and Fiske, 2007, p.284). The culture adopted by different communities varies according to the
combination of the four models. Fiske (1999) argues that everyone except the person with mental incapacitation who will confuse the models
understands

Social Media And Public Relations
The scope of this project is designed to shed some light on an often misunderstood profession: Public Relations. It is for both those wanting a career in
PR as much as those just curious about a subject that they have often heard about, but never really understood. Basic background information such as:
Defining what Public Relations is, the salary of a PR specialist, and their daily duties will be discussed, with the main focus of the project being
centered on the utilization of Social Media within the Public Relations industry.
Public Relations (PR) is an exciting and rewarding career. PR deals with, "The way organizations, companies and individuals communicate with the
public and media" (International Public Relations Organization, n.d.)
Social media (SM) is a widely used element in Public Relations that helps to facilitate all of the day to day functions of a PR specialist. This
presentation will focus on trying to help viewers gain a better understanding of social media in general and how it is being used effectively to
power the PR industry. Vital topics that will be discussed are as follows: П… Defining what social media is П… The most popular apps PR
specialists utilize in their day to day duties П… The benefits of using social media to garner new customer relationships and grow existing ones
within the PR industry П… Where PR professionals go to get training on social media programs П… How PR specialists measure the success of
social media usage П… According to Theaker

Technology And Its Effects On Human Anxiety
Over the past decade, advancements in communication technology have rapidly surpassed our wildest dreams. A particular branch of communication
technology known as smartphones, more specifically the iPhone, has encompassed all social demographics with its amazing capabilities. However,
through the iPhone's technical abilities merging with social dynamics creating a socio–technical ensemble; its portrayal in four different forms in the
media, as well as becoming naturalized in society and its affects on human anxiety, it is evident that the iPhone has many helpful intended capabilities,
but also un–conceived repercussions. When a new technology or an advancement is introduced into society, there is no doubt that it will in, some way,
reconfigure social relations. In some ways the changes can be very beneficial, but not all changes are always intentional. Wiebe Bijker introduced the
idea that "A machine is a Socio–Technical Ensemble" (Bijker,1993) which when broken down is a way of saying that all technology consists of social
dynamics and practicable technology. An iPhone is a prime example of a socio–technical ensemble. The technical aspect of the iPhone lays within the
engineers, how they designed it to be piece of technology which allows people to communicate, perform functions, and be a platform for applications.
The social dynamics of the iPhone is created by people communicating using a device and utilizing the apps it offers. The engineers of the iPhone can
be seen

Social Media: The New Public Relations Norm Essays
Social Media: the New PR Norm The most recent definition of public relations, according to the Public Relations Society of America (2012), states that
"Public Relations is a strategic communication process that builds mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their publics." Through
the rapid advancement of modern media and technology, there have never been more outlets and opportunities available for accomplishing the goals of
public relations. Believing the development of social media has not created serious changes in the way public relations practitioners go about their
duties would be foolish and a fast track to falling behind in this rapid world of communication. The main goals of public relations are "to ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition to creating open forms of communication and direct access to consumers' opinions and reactions, advancing social and visual technology
delivers access to technologically advanced, eye–catching, and interesting design and media tactics formerly available only to the tech savvy
generation. The internet has transformed the globe and it's lasting presence is inevitable, proving that to discount social media's new but important role
will ultimately lead to failure in the long term.
Though the positive impacts of social media on public relations are strong, issues imposed by social media are inevitable and cannot be overlooked.
The 24/7 news stream that is social media can be regarded as a positive way to stay constantly informed but just as easily regarded as negative and
brain numbing, overloading the brain's ability to make moral decisions (Barnett 2009). Research shows that the constant influx of terrible news could
potentially be overloading our brains and turning personal reactions dismissive. Emma Barnett, Technology and Digital Media Correspondent of The
Telegraph (U.K.), reports, "the research has found this overload may also be causing increasing levels of depression and the quicker we know about
events, the less it seems to be sinking in and having the expected effect." The negative effects of constant news streaming can also be

How To Write A Case Study Middleborough
Chapter One – Introduction First of all, the community profile will identify and describe the characteristics of Middleborough illustrating current
population levels, employment status, disease prevalence and life span expectancies as well as a rationalization for choosing the area itself. Secondly,
chapter two will discuss and detect potential causes for the manifestation of eating disorders; the national statistics of the UK will be explored and
compared to the prevalence within Middleborough. The socio–economic influences will be investigated to unravel the influential factors that
exacerbate self–destructive disorders/illnesses. Thirdly, chapter three will evaluate the accessibility of services available within the geographical area
and will take into consideration what may encourage/discourage an individual seeking support. Finally, chapter four will define the responsibilities and
confabulate the role of the nurse in relation to facilitating health improvement across the age continuum. Chapter One Middleborough is a large
industrial town situated on the south... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An unfortunate consequence of this may encourage residents to participate in disorderly behaviors, people may commit offences to feel valued and
accepted within their community. However, those who choose to disengage may find themselves in isolation or may even be victimized. Nevertheless,
the mimicking of behavior can have a detrimental effect especially upon vulnerable groups; with no positive role model to follow children/mentally–ill
/disabled and elderly individuals could be heavily influenced by such matters. To support the above information developmental theorist Jean Piaget
stated; "Younger minors imitate the behavior they have observed from others, regardless of the gender of the person and whether or not the behavior is
gender appropriate"

Social Media Has Changed The Expectations Of Social...
Today, the average person spends at least two hours a day on social media sites. Through social media, texting, and online chatrooms, people can
communicate with others that they would otherwise have no contact with. For this topic, it is important to define what 'friendship' really means. Some
have argued that a friend is someone they talk with; others say it's someone they've shared an experience with. For this essay, friendship will be defined
as someone who is kept in constant contact with through and outside of the internet. The majority of effects seen from technology are negative: from
decreased in–person social interactions, to loss of identity, and ultimately the watering down of friendships. Social media has changed the expectations
of social relationships. While technology does allow users to stay connected with family and friends from varying distances, technology's negative
effects also make it harder to maintain those relationships and have a lasting impact on how people will pursue their future relationships.
With the rise of social media and other forms of online communication, people have the opportunity to connect with old and new friends alike.
However, this connection through technology has changed how people view friendship. In his article "Faux Friendships," William Deresiewicz
discusses how much the ideas of friendship have changed over time. He argues that "...friendship, for the ancients, was rare, precious, and hard–won,"
but now, "We can be friends

The Digital Possession Of Human Since The 19th Century
1.Publishing is the process of making information available and present to the public. Making things public or generally known has its impact on the
society. When modes of publishing change, the communicative aspect of the society changes. Information flows differently in the respective time, and
the movement has transformed the social interaction between people.
2.Not only the advancement of publishing text, but also imagery, and I will focus on photography. Photography is the common possession of human
since the 19th century. The purposes of creating photographs are numerous. The distinctiveness of photo taking creates different meaning, which had
its power to influence the society.
3.This essay will aim to identify and compare two publication technologies, which is the 18th century photography publishing technology,
Daguerreotype, and generally used mobile camera phone in 21st century.
4.According to Kress and van Leeuwen (1990:23), "Viewing an image entails first and foremost, before anything else has happened, being located in a
particular social way by and in relation to the image". In terms of social relationship, photography is one of the semiotic resources that we use for
communicating. In the past decades, photography acted in a role of recording the diversity of human behaviour, customs and lifestyle.
5.Photos were taken to record the family, social life and leisure or sports activities in the 19th century (RouillГ©, 1987). Back in the 18s, photographic

Social Media And The Public Relations Industry
The Use of Social Media in the Public Relations Industry As technology advances, social media has become more prominent in the public relations (PR)
industry. Many PR practitioners now utilize social media to interact with their publics, in attempts to have strong two–way symmetrical communication
and build relationships with them. I chose the topic of "The Use of Social Media in the PR Industry" because I have a great interest in how
practitioners use this newly developed communication mechanism. After reading these articles, my search results revealed that practitioners are fully
aware of the benefits of using social media. They believe it is a new way to establish two–way symmetrical communication with their publics,
however, a vast majority of practitioners do not understand how to go about utilizing social media for their organization. Social media strategies will
often differ for each organization because their public's have unique, specific needs and interests. If PR practitioners fail to develop tailored strategies
which create a consistent, mutually beneficial relationship between their organization and its publics, their social media efforts will not reach their
fullest potential.
Study One: Avidar, Ruth (2009). Social media, societal culture and Israelipublic relations pratice. The Center for the Study of the Information Society.
This study is from the Public Relations Review and focuses on Israeli public relations practitioners' use of social media. In the

Charles Dickens 's Views On Social Relations Through...
Charles Dickens had many opinions towards social relations. He showed compassion and pity to the less fortune. He portrays the social relations
through marriage and kinship. Through the first marriage with Mr. and Mrs. Gradgrind Charles Dickens shows how an emotionless lifestyle can
be troublesome. Mr. Gradfrind only cared about facts. He taught the kids that facts were the core of living. I agree somewhat that facts are very
important but, just facts are not a proper life. Mr. Grandgrind home life was falling apart as you read on in the book. His wife admits that she is not
happy within her marriage because of his fun less ways. His kids do not like him at all. He teaches his kids to not use their imagination or to play.
This is not a happy warm family that we normally see in books. Which affects his kid's actions leading up Tom robbing Bounderby's bank. Another
social relationship is the relationship between the people of Coke Town. The only thing that everyone can really connect to is money. That's their
only goal is making money or working in factories. They do not act like humans. They act more like machines clocking in and out at the same time
going home and dinner then bed. No fun no imagination no nothing that makes us humans. Charles Dickens uses imagery in the beginning of the
book to describe the town. When he talks about the red and black color of the faces of the people is an example. He uses image to show an unfriendly
face on the people. Actually quite

Social Media: The Impact It Has In Public Relations....
Social Media: The impact it has in Public Relations According to Hootsuite, "2.8 billion people were using social media by the end of 2016, up 21
percent from 2015." Over the past decade, social media has managed to take our world by storm and only continues to grow, especially in the field of
public relations. Platforms such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter have become some of the most prevalent tools to use for businesses. Social media
has grown into a tool that plays a huge role in public relations by assisting the business planning process. If utilized properly, social media can be very
gratifying due to it not only aiding with creating conversation, establishing relationships, but also increasing brand reputation and awareness to ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This influence is seen as driving new social and cultural transformations."(Valentinin).Therefore, social media allows anyone, and everyone, to engage
in discussion, thus creating more potential for dialogue via public to organization and vise versa. The final way in which social media boosts
conversation is through shared content among social media users. This is explored in Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived mutual
relationship, perceived interactivity as determinants of social media use among PR practitioners when stated that, social media is described as online
applications, platforms and media which aim to facilitate interactions, collaborations and the sharing of content," (El–Kasim). As a result,
communication between the public and companies influences public engagement which leads to the sharing of user content, which can benefit any
brand.
In the same way, social media assists with relationship building which is an additional key component of the business planning process. Developing
and maintaining relationships of trust with one's audience is at the heart of the professional and academic activities of public relations. Based on the
findings in Social media for Public relations: Lessons from 4 effective cases, it can be argued that "social

Personal Narrative: My Interest In Relation To The Field...
In relation to the field of social work, ever since I was a small child I have had an interest in promoting social development and bring change to the
society and the World at large. I started by performing and completing voluntary jobs that made me feel easy and have a peaceful mind. Currently, I
work with a renowned child protection services group. My interest in protecting the rights, freedoms, and privileges was magnified when I
encountered a child who had been chased away from home. His name was 'Walter' he lived in the cold streets with no food, shelter, water or
education. My first encounter with Walter was sorrowful. I could not imagine how he was surviving in the streets. When it comes to personal
qualifications as a social worker; I believe I have the required skills in that I am an active listener. Social work requires an individual who actively
listens and responds in a positive way when it comes to solving a social problem. I also believe I qualify as a social worker in that I am a very
organized person. The organization is very important when it comes to social work. Lack of organization may lead to disruption of social activities
and loss of time. I am a critical thinker who has to weigh and analyze options and scenarios from every existing ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A positive helping relationship is built and founded on trust and language. In this case, I would say that I have a good ability when it comes
creating positive relationships in that I am an eloquent speaker, listener and above all I am good at motivating the public. Being an eloquent, good
listener and speaker has enabled me to become a traverse person who can be able to make professional judgments that are true and significant. All
forms of social work require one to be a professional judge who can be able to relate and predict outcomes and events in an accurate

How Is Technology Changing The Self And Social Relations?
Jongseok Kim Sociology 130 Professor Anderson T. 11 September 2014 "How is Technology Changing the Self and Social Relations?" The role of
technological advancements is constantly influencing in the transformation of the self and social relations. The usage of technology has both
positively and negatively affected individuals especially in our modern society. Through the advancement of electronic devices such as smartphones,
tablets, and computers, the continuous development and popularity of social networking sites, and the growing number of users of various ages, our
society has become convenient yet obsessive and lethargic than many years prior to our generation. It seems we cannot live a day without smartphones,
without Internet, without mp3 players, and without cars. As our life becomes more dependent and reliant on technology, we become accustomed to
such behavior of using technology habitually; and without these, we would be breaking our current patterns of living, thus making ourselves
psychologically unstable in terms of feeling anxious and obsessed. Hence, though our means of communication might have become more convenient, it
seems our face–to–face interaction and human communication skills have worsened in terms of social relations. As Mansfield notes, "Our present
anxiety about technology defines the new and coming as the fulcrum of some unforeseen change which may lead to an irreversible dehumanisation"
(Mansfield 148). Earlier this month of 2014, Queen

The Impact Of Globalization On The Urban Environment And...
In 1990s America, obtaining freedom from governmental control became a social preoccupation. Starting with liberalism's demand for increased
individual freedom, what began as a small movement eventually transformed into a culture–wide fight for social justice and economic growth to create
a free market where, ideally, no government would be needed. Activists term this modern movement "neo–liberalism," or global market liberalism (
capitalism), which calls for free–trade policies. While adopting such a system for American cities has been advocated by many people for its economic
benefits, it also necessarily creates new relations between the city government and the residents who live there, which in turn affects the urban
environment and social relations within the city. The question is a persistent one in our place and time: to globalize, or not to globalize?
Globalization requires highly specialized services, telecommunications, infrastructure, and industrial services. Economic globalization has mostly been
represented in terms of the duality between national and global, where the global gains power and advantages at the expense of the national. For
example, Saskia Sassen, author of Whose City Is It?, states many disadvantages of "global" cities for women, immigrants, and people of color, "whose
political sense of self and identities are not necessarily embedded in the nation" (206).
In developing cities there are large concentrations of diversity; immigration is a major

Facebook 's Impact On Social Life
This section discusses the social or public view. The concerns towards Facebook 's impacts on social life have been raised through several dimensions.
Illuminating some contributes that might be helpful indication to analyse social aspect clearly. Such as social capital, Facebook users ' relations (child–
parents relationship) and Facebook resulting behaviours. There are different competing position regarding the effect of Facebook on people 's social
life. Some of these support the stance that takes into consideration the Facebook as a significant platform for initiating and expanding social interaction.
However, the opponents of this idea argue that the Facebook takes the most pessimistic role in deteriorates social and family relationship.
Facebook can easily shape the modern society life of both online and offline communication. Such pattern of interaction may occur due to Facebook
overwhelming usages and innovative limits that scaffold online–offline connection. For example, college students could use Facebook as a
communication stage to enhance the beneficial social capital (social relation between individuals that can be expected to provide support and have a
productive benefit (Nicole, Charles & Cliff, 2007; Boxman et al. 1991, p. 52). Adler & Kwon (2002), confidently support that the Facebook social
capital has been associated with optimistic social outcome. Such as, better social wellbeing and lower society crime. This may reflect powerfully
bonding social and

How Has The Rise Of Social Media Changed The Public Sphere?
Liping Luo BA (Hons) Journalism London College of Communication University of the Arts London 13rd April 2015 Essay Question: How has
the rise of social media changed the public sphere? The Internet has been changing the world since it is created. As a part of new media, social
media is a fundamental shift in the way we communicate. It has been helped to create a digital global village that 26% of the world's population is
using social media and the number is keep increasing. (Qualman, 2013) This essay will attempt to discuss how has the social media changed the
public sphere, mainly focus on the improvement of public participation, social relations and information dissemination. Also Mainland China is
taken as an example to show that social media enabling democracy in a developing country. Social media is also being used in good ways to spread
information. There are some disadvantages to be analyzed, too. The issues like lack of privacy, social media violence and social media out of control
will be discussed in this essay. *INTRODUCTION OF SOCIAL MEDIA* The definition of social media Wigmore provided is that the collective of
online communications channels dedicated to community–based input, interaction, content–sharing and collaboration. (2014) Social networks have
evolved into online communities. They can be based around all sorts of thing like friendship or common interests, which allows file sharing, blogging
and often–incorporate content from all sorts of other

History of Social Relations in India
Caste and gender equations in Indian history
No aspect of Indian history has excited more controversy than India 's history of social relations. Western indologists and Western
–influenced Indian
intellectuals have seized upon caste divisions, untouchability, religious obscurantism, and practices of dowry and sati as distinctive evidence of India 's
perennial backwardness. For many Indologists, these social ills have literally come to define India – and have become almost the exclusive focus of
their writings on India.
During the colonial period, it served the interests of the British (and their European cohorts) to exaggerate the democratic character of their own
societies while diminishing any socially redeeming features of society ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For instance, we find no evidence of caste–like discrimination in societies where land was collectively owned and jointly cultivated, or where goods
and services were exchanged within the village on the basis of barter, and there was no premium assigned to any particular type of work. All services
and all forms of human labor were valued equally. Such village communes may have once existed throughout India and some appear to have survived
until quite recently – especially in the hills, (such as in parts of Himachal and the North East, including Assam and Tripura), but also in Orissa and
parts of Central India. In such societies, we also see little evidence of gender discrimination.
In India, caste and gender discrimination appear to become more pronounced with the advent of hereditary and authoritarian ruling dynasties, a
powerful state bureaucracy, the growth of selective property rights, and the domination of Brahmins over the rural poor in agrahara

Social Media Of Public Relations
In general worlds, public relations is a management function, which manage the spread of information between organization and its publics, it is
process of information exchange, also maintain the relationship between audience, social media, companies...etc. Generally, the public relation
practitioners use forms such as printed text, images, speaking words or even combined functions for communication. "Social media are a technically
enhanced–think Internet and mobile–based–way of discussing ideas with people in communities. Social media use words, pictures, audio, and video to
foster interaction". (Maddock and Viton, 2009)To working with social media, practitioners must build and maintain relationships of mutual respect and
trust with... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There can be bunch of advantages working in social media of public relations including corporate communications, team membership. Since everything
is online, you're free to work anywhere could connect with internet, make the desired response possible to engage stakeholders and also could create a
conversation exchanging information and views. There is also challenging to learn new technology everyday during working, able to organizing the
program and on–line digital. On the contrary, there can also be disadvantages working in social media. The social media always sensationalize
things, suspicious of the fail and the truth, and somehow loss of objectivities. As an employee working in the specialize area of social media public
relations, a person should first have skills of researching, planning, implementing and evaluating programs. They might use a variety of research tools
to gathering information about the clients, the industry, also relevant issues. Also identify the individual or group who are interested in online
programs. Communication skill is always important in my opinion, it plays a really big role in every specialize part of public relations. However,
people who are participating in social media public relations might have advanced communication skills. They may have skills to persuade stakeholders
to support a decision, identify and analysis a problem, the results and the solution, conduct decisions, also

Relational Model: Alan Page Fiske's Theory
RELATIONAL MODELS THEORY Introduction Alan Page Fiske catalyzed the advocacy of the relational model 's theory (RMT) in 1991. The theory
states that there are four natural ways of interrelating with other people. The author established the four models in his article structures of social life.
Fiske affirms that the models work together in varying combinations and control almost all transactions by human beings (Bolender, 2010, p.60). He
further asserts that the models unify ideas on moral judgment, social justice, religious, political ideology, and social conflict. It also informs the
reactions to misfortunes and transgression. He explains that they are the foundation of human sociality (Bolender, 2010, p.60). The four models of
relations as identified by Fiske include market pricing, equality matching, authority ranking, and communal sharing. The theory suggests the four
models as the first cognitive models which represent, comprehends, evaluates, and constructs social relationships (Haslam, 2004, p.3). Therefore, the
models do not define the type of relationships that exists between individuals in principle; the models are not empirically independent but are a
contingent matter regarding the degree of their association as they operate in a culture (Fiske and Fiske, 2007, p.284). The culture adopted by different
communities varies according to the combination of the four models. Fiske (1999) argues that everyone except the person with mental incapacitation
who will confuse

Social Media 's Impact On Public Relations
Social media forums have had a positive impact on the Public Relations industry in the twenty first century. The massive increase in social media
usage has provided a medium by which it is easier to connect with a larger audience worldwide. This has resulted in an adoption of social media
strategies for many PR specialists. Sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram allow these specialists to keep up with the public's opinions on
current events as well as promote businesses or products. The public relations industry is very different from advertising. While advertisers pay for
exposure and visual aids, PR specialists use language and conferences to earn the trust of the public. According to the Public Relations Society of
America "Public relations is a strategic communication process that builds mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their publics."
PR specialists are image shapers and storytellers that can be used to enhance, protect, and build reputations through any form of media or self–created
production. If the news is bad, they formulate the best response to reduce the damage. Their job is to create positive publicity for their client as well
as enhance their reputation. Public relations specialists over the years have had to stay on top of the changes in communication in order to adapt for
the sake of their business. Before all these new forms of media, the humble fax machine was depended on to send press releases. Most early PR

Corporate Social responsibility is just good public relations
Corporate Social Responsibility is just good public relations.
Corporate Social Responsibility is defined as a notion that shows accommodation of corporate behaviour to society's values and expectations. However
individuals and government bodies suggest similar yet so different opinions regarding corporate social responsibility like European Commission says
"corporate social responsibility is a concept where companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their
interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis" (L.Hamilton ,P. Webster ,2009,The International Business Environment , Second Edition ,
Oxford University Press Inc.–US) and World Business Council for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CSR also imposes hidden costs on stakeholders like labour and owners when firm loses some of its capital to corporate social responsibility activities
which to be recovered will be taken from shareholders dividends or labours wages .
Corporate social responsibility is just good public relations for some firms because they only use it to expand their business and customer base ,
increase their customer loyalty by improving their reputation also corporate image for potential investors and shareholders the right political spectrum
supports the idea of corporate social responsibility lacking legitimacy of either market or political system , this is supported by the philosopher Elaine
Sternberg who believes that using business resources for non–business purpose is theft . If firms approve of this arguments than they use CSR only to
boost their profits

How New Digital And Social Media Impacted Public Relation?...
Through the development of technology, the role of the media has been very important in public relation practice. In a past, media is not a very
common, the public relation always use one–way communication. But nowadays, two–way communication is becoming more popular between public
relation and public now., it can be defining as relies on honesty and open two–way communication and interaction, rather than one–way persuasion
(Turney, 1998). Digital medias can be defining as a new tool to communicate between target audience and public relation. Social media can be define
as engaging people to communication and interaction, and like a communication platform to share their feeling or information. This essay is going to
discuss about how new digital and social media affected public relation practice related to two–way communication. Then discussing how social and
digital media can be used for the image and reputational purpose, and how to become effectively and poorly. The last one will discuss new media how
to affects corporate communication, public relation and crisis communication. The new media is become have some crisis to the organization, but the
benefits are more than that to help the organization and public relation building the good relationship to the public. Firstly, how using digital media
affected public relation practice related to two–way communication. Digital media is like a much bigger area and it is similar to social media, it
includes website, email, mobile

The Relationship Between Social Media and Public Relations
Abstract
This article examines the important role of social media to public relations practitioners. The researcher wants to investigate the innovation of social
media through the case study of Obama presidential campaign and public health issue. Moreover social media can bring destruction to the
organization, if the user misuses the social media. Social media has brought a new challenge to the society. The researcher use intensive interview and
focus group toward public relations practitioners to explore how important the social media did to them and the negative outcome of social media. The
researcher use quantitative method – survey to examine the appetency of the social media among different size of community.
Introduction ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
RQ3: What are the differences among PR practitioners' estimates of their public's user of social media in domains locates in three sizes of community:
urban, suburban and rural.
Different communities have the different demand on the social media, the researcher want to know whether the people live in rural desire to use
social media and how do the PR practitioners use social media efficiently in different communities, the following hypothesis is made: people from
urban will tend to be more desirable on using social media than people from rural.
RQ4: How is the seriousness of misusing the social media?
Social media provide benefit and good effort to PR practitioner, journalist and organization in many circumstances, the researcher want to investigate
the negative outcome from the social media, and how the social media impact the organization to damage rather than build a relationship with their
publics.
Literature Review
Numerous case studies have indicated the important of the social media toward the organization. Social media allows organization to engage directly
with stakeholder. This is the major characteristic why social media is popular in the 21 century. Two widely used means of online image construction
and relationship building are blog and microblogging service. Those blog and web logs usually allow reader comments, and often use tags to permit
topical searching. Social

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