How Did The Chinese Revolution Change The World

How Did The Chinese Revolution Change The World
Revolutions, we can safely say, are a historical constant. The human desire for change and the will to fight for one's future have led to revolutions of
varying size and scope since the earliest of ancient times. The 20th century too saw revolutions of all kinds. And yet, of the many revolutions that
marked the past century of human history, very few had such effects and such impact as the Chinese Communist Revolution of 1949, or the War for
Liberation, as many Chinese know it. Truly, the revolution of 1949 has dramatically changed the world, both in an economic and political context and
beyond. It has forever changed not only China, but the very Chinese nation, and paved the way for her to become one of the giant global players of
today. But scholars often challenge the communist nature of the revolution, stating that, while it was the communists who led it, the revolution itself
was in many ways not ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While the chief actors were the Communists, the roots of their revolution lay in Sun Yat–sen and his fight for Chinese nationhood. And while the CCP
did preach and implement many policies that fall left on the political scale, such as tax and rent reduction, and introduced the peasantry to mass
democracy, one must not forget that most of their members joined their ranks due to foreign threats, but also the incapability and authoritarian rule of
Chiang Kai–shek and his nationalists. The CCP were simply the most suitable candidate for the masses to turn to. In conclusion, while it could be still
debated whether it was communism that triumphed, or the nationalism that gave birth to the revolution, but one thing is certain – the people were the
true victors, having fought off foreign invaders and domestic tyrants, they have emerged a strong nation. In the end, 1949 could be described as either
nationalist or communist, but it is first and foremost – the Chinese
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The, The Former Capital Of China
Nanjing is the former capital of China. During this time, Japan was attempting to take over the entire nation of China. Japan had developed a plan to
take over all of China in a span of just three months, starting with the invasion of Beijing. What the Japanese weren't expecting was for China to put
down a fight. With frustration arising and their plan falling apart, the Japanese decided to take over China's capital, Nanjing. During the Battle of
Shangai, Japanese army forces proved their dominance over the Chinese and took over in November. Following the Japanses victory at Shangai,
50,000 Japanese soldiers began their march to China's capital: Nanking. Although the Japanese were greatly outnumbered, they fought to the death,
entering the city on December 13, 1937. They were ordered to "kill all captives," leading to 90,000 Chinese soldiers surrendering (The History Place,
2000).
Japan's history leading up to the massacre is an intriguing one. Unfriendly relations between Japan and China had an uprising in the early 1900's.
Before this rivalry began, Japan, growing as a military power, had intentions of taking over China and Korea. In 1876, Japan and Korea signed the
Treaty of Kanghwa, making Korea "unilaterally independent, weakening China's hold on Korea." March of 1894, a domestic rebellion by the
anti–foreigner Tonghak cult against the Korean monarchy was jointly put down by both Japanese and Chinese troops. After the revolt was quelled,
China proposed the immediate

Governmental Systems of China
The country of China throughout the last century has experienced a large and significant variety of governmental systems, from historical to
contemporary. From the Manchu Empire which focused on Confucianism to the current Communist Party of the People's Republic of China, the
government of China has changed drastically throughout the years, ultimately contributing to the country that China is today. It is significant to
understand that the changes made in the governmental system were so drastic, that they stretched from the Mainland all the way to Taiwan and
Hong Kong. The beginning empires of the governmental system in China were certainly different than the country's modern day government. The
first empire can be traced back to the year 221 B.C. in which the Qin Dynasty was ruling. The dynasty was formed by an emperor named Qin Shi
Huang, after the state of Qin conquered six other states in China. The dynasty had a goal in mind to create an imperial state which was unified by a
higher political power with a strong economy. This goal was important to the leaders in order to maintain a strong military power in the country. The
Qin Dynasty also wanted control over the peasantry, which allowed the Great Wall of China to be built. The purpose of building the Great Wall of
China was to put an end to the raids of the nomadic central Asians from the north. From the leadership of the Qin came a system of writing, as well as
a creation of many roads and other public

Research Paper On Mao Zedong
Ian Racho
Mr. Saleeba
English IV
10 October 2017
MAO ZEDONG
Mao Zedong is a figure who is possibly one of the most controversial yet important leaders in modern history. He is known for modernizing China
from a struggling republic to a powerful world power with the influence of communism. Often seen as one of the most brutal dictators to have ever
lived, Mao Zedong was also seen as a poet, a soldier, and a statesmen who brought China to new heights through industrial growth and spreading
communist influence throughout Asia.
Born in 1893 in the farming community of Shaoshan, Mao was born into in adequate life in contrast to other struggling farmers of the region. At that
time, China was a shell of its former glory when was led by the Qing dynasty who did not do anything to thrust the nation to better heights. Mao's
nationalistic outlook and desire for a stronger China is what eventually led him to join the Kuomintang nationalist party led by Sun Yat–sen which
managed to overthrow the monarchy and turn China into a republic in 1912. After completing school as a certified teacher in 1918, Mao heard of the
successful revolution in Russia which established the Soviet Union. Mao saw communism as a plausible way to make China even stronger and he
became a major leader in the Chinese Communist Party. Despite supporting the Kuomintang government and the CCP at the same time, Mao
eventually adopted Vladimir Lenin's ideals and rose up in power within the party. This was

Communism in China Essays
Communism is a system of government, a political ideology that rejects private ownership and promotes a classless, stateless society based on
common ownership of all property and the means of production, where by all work is shared and all proceeds are commonly owned. Communism is
practised in China, North Korea, Vietnam, Laos and Cuba. However most of the world's communist governments have been disbanded since the end
of World War II. Soon after the Japanese surrendered at the end of World War II, Communist forces began a war against theKuomintang in China. The
Communists gradually gained control of the country and on the 1st October, 1949, Mao Zedong announced the victory of the Communist party and the
establishment of the People's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The arrival of Chiang's armies into many rural areas often indicated theft, rape, and murders to common villagers, while Mao's armies were more
educated and trained to protect the needs of the peasants in order to win their support. Where the landlords and peasants initially supported the
Guomindang, and students and intellectuals looked to the Nationalists for salvation, both sections of the community began to embrace and support the
communist ideals.
As public services such as health and education suffered under the GMD and living conditions in rural areas worsened, civilians rapidly joined the
Communist party. Many soldiers who fought for the Nationals changed sides and began fighting for communism. The essential focus of Mao's
revolution revolved solely around the peasants who made up 85% of the population. His new land reforms meant taking land from rich landlords and
dividing it amongst poorer peasants. Mao also introduced national health care as 95% of individuals in China had never seen a doctor
The PLA rapidly expanded with more peasants joining. In 1947 the Communists captured their new capital, Yan'an and in 1948 they attacked the GMD
army capturing all the major cities– Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou. The Americans originally supported the GMD as they wanted China ( the
GMD and Communists) to form a joint government in order to fight Japan– America's enemy. They finally cut off all aid to the GMD troops

Chinese Civil War : The Wuchang Uprising
Due to many economic issues in China, including the devastating effects of the Opium Wars of European imperialism, the Wuchang Uprising, followed
by the Xinhai Rebellion, occurred and led to the Qing Dynasty 's fall in 1911 (Szczepanski; "Wuchang"). Soon after, the Kuomintang (Chinese
Nationalist Party), under the leadership of Sun Yat–sen, established the Republic of China, but it did not stop the centralized political power in China
from becoming dismantled and fragmented into many warlord factions fighting to gain control of the country ("Overview"). Another political party, the
Chinese Communist Party, formed in attempts to reunify China as well ("Chinese Civil"). At first, theKuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party
worked together (with a bitter rivalry), but eventually the conflicts in how China should be governed conflicted and resulted in a violent civil war
("Chinese Civil"; "Overview").
The leader of the Kuomintang, Chiang Kai–shek, started to clash against the communists as he felt the communists were not following in Sun Yat–sen
's footsteps ("Overview"). In April of 1927, the Kuomintang killed and arrested many communist party members at Shanghai in an event known as the
Shanghai Massacre ("Chinese Civil"; Kucha, Llewellyn). Additionally, the communists almost lost the civil war during the Long March in 1934, where
they were forced to retreat into the northwestern part of China by the Kuomintang. This was also when Mao Zedong started to emerge as a major

Foreign Secretary Level Talks : India 's Prime Minister Essay
While campaigning for last year's national vote, Narendra Modi promised a "new chapter" in Indo–Pak history if he became India's Prime Minister
(P.M). Instead, bilateral relations through his first year and a half in office stuck to a prologue both fractious and pinned by testy cross–border rhetoric.
All that has changed now, at least on the surface.
After Modi pleasantly surprised Pakistan by gatecrashing P.M Nawaz Sharif's birthday party on December 25, there is hope for a new era, or at least
one that sidesteps divisive populism. Foreign Secretary–level talks should begin on January 15 in Islamabad to roadmap a new composite dialogue on
all outstanding issues including Kashmir. That is good news, no matter how you spin it.
Still, the dizzying speed of rapprochement has startled politicians and pundits alike in both countries. While cynicism abounds about the illusory nature
of progress in making permanent peace, and some compare P.M Modi's impromptu visit to a foreign policy smokescreen, January has historically been
a good month for international statecraft.
On New Year's Day 1979, The People'sRepublic of China (PRC) established formal relations with the US after 30 years of friction and short–circuiting
each other's geopolitical agendas. From squaring off in Korea and Vietnam during theCold War, China and the US now practice two–way trade valued
at over half a trillion dollars. The takeaway here is that diplomacy is rarely a zero–sum game or linear in motion.

Warlord Rule and Sun Yat Sen's Inability to Achieve the...
Warlord Rule and Sun Yat Sen's Inability to Achieve the Aims of the Three People's Principles
I agree with the statement only to a small extent. The period of warlord rule was particularly chaotic in China. However, even when order was being
restored again, the aims of the three people's principles were not all being achieved. Therefore, I feel that warlord rule is not the most important
reason as to why Sun Yat Sen was unable to achieve the aims of the three people's principles.
The three people's principles are the principle of nationalism, the principle of democracy and the principle of the people's well–being. The first one is
Sun Yat Sen's aim to unite the whole of China. As for the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During this period, it was also a time of lawlessness. The warlords fought each other as they hoped to gain control over a larger territory. This
brought about much suffering to the Chinese people. Sun Yat Sen's principle of democracy is not being upheld as these warlord ruled over their area
like a dictator. These warlords exploited the people under them, like the peasants. Thus it is clear that Sun Yat Sen's principle's are not being achieved
or even upheld. He, himself could not do anything as his party and government was still too weak. However, this period of warlord rule is not the only
factor that prevented him from being unable to achieve his aims.
Due to the disunity in his party, Kuomintang (KMT), he could not achieve the aims of his three principles. Before he can actually unite the whole
country, he would need to unite his party members. He often met failure when he tried to reunite the country due to internal squabbles in his own
party. They often argued over the third principle. Some party members wanted the land of the landlords to be taken away from them, and come under
state ownership. However, there were others who disagreed. Therefore, this made it very difficult for Sun Yat Sen to get his party members to work
together to achieve his aims. He soon realised he had to reorganize his movement again before he could actually topple warlord rule and unify

The Rise Of The Chinese Revolution
"Let her sleep, for when she wakes she will shake the world." This statement was once said by Napoleon Bonaparte, a French military and political
leader, indicating that China was a resting giant. During the past decades, China had lacked development on some aspects such as governance and it
seemed that its movement were backwards. Corruptions, injustices, lack of efficiency and productivity; these are the objects and reasons that hindered
China from growing and being united. There had been an abundant number of revolts, wars and uprisings that took place in China during its revolution
years and the product of these can be classified as positive or negative outcome depending on one's point of view. The Chinese revolutionaries made a
gigantic impact on their history and they have proven that the power of the people is stronger than the people in power. This paper presents an
overview of the circumstances after the revolution took place, the abolishment of the imperial China, the rise of the Republic and the conflict between
the Nationalist and Communist Party.
The main discussion of the topics will be started by a brief discussion during the late Qing dynasty. The revolutionaries, led by Sun Yatsen and Huang
xing revolted against the Qing due to the endless corruption and its efficiency as an empire. One of the uprising was the Wuchang Uprising, it took
place on 10 October 1911 in Hubei province. The southern provinces subsequently declared their independence from the Qing

Essay about The Fall of the Kuomintang to the Chinese...
In 1949 the Chinese Communist Party (CPP) beat the Kuomintang (KMT) in the Chinese Civil War becoming the reigning regime in China. The new
communist leadership drastically changed China's future. Today the CCP remains in power in China, shaping every aspect of Chinese society.
Academics like Chalmers Johnson argue that the CCP's ability to mobilize Chinese peasants ultimately led to the CCP's victory. This paper will
supplement Johnson's argument by examining how KMT economic, military, and ideological missteps led to the CCP's victory.
The Chinese Civil Warstarted in 1927 when the KMT ended their partnership with the CCP during the Northern Expedition, an effort aimed at unifying
all of China under one political rule. The war ended ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Because the CCP had no contractual obligation to Chinese citizens, the CCP was able gain support from economic successes and go unnoticed in the
case of economic failures. Therefore, being in power going into the war was actually a disadvantage for the KMT. China's deteriorating economy
during the war and the KMT's poor economic planning began to unravel Chinese citizens' trust and faith in the KMT's ability to govern. The KMT's
most damaging economic misstep was inflation and the government's inability to respond with policy measures. During the Second Sino–Japanese War,
the KMT was cut off from coastal cities by the Japanese invaders. These coastal city taxes were a main source of revenue for the KMT government. In
order to makeup for the deficit, the government began to print money. The KMT faced a lot of criticism from the Chinese people for rising inflation.
The Chinese people's disdain for their government grew even more when the KMT was unable to fix their inflation mistake and began to implement a
string of ineffective and damaging economic policies. In order to combat the rising inflation, the KMT implemented multiple contradictory and
ineffective economic policies. For example, the KMT oscillated between expansion and suspension of credit. The KMT also continued to implement a
tax system that discouraged the starting of businesses, while encouraging corrupt behavior. Additionally, the KMT's economic policies focused on
giving advantages to

Bao Qin's Wild Swans
Throughout the last month of this class, we have had the privilege to read the book titled, Wild Swans by Jung Chang. To the extent of the required
readings of the book, I have analyzed the context and have become aware that this piece of work was about much more than what life was like
throughout China and Japan between 1909–1949. This book specifically, was about the lives of Yu–fang and Bao Qin. Both of these characters have
been influenced by their culture and surroundings in some way. For the purpose of this essay, I will be discussing why Bao Qin, formally known as
Wild Swan, preferred the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to the Kuomintang (KMT) based solely off of her experiences, while also comparing and
contrasting her choice to her ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the main reasons he joined because he viewed capitalism as an evil system that exploits the poor and down–trodden. As a child, Comrade
Wangs' father died of overwork and strain because he was trying to take care of fifteen dependents during a great depression and with heavy taxes.
Their family business ended up being sold to pay off the debts, and this scattered the family. I imagine he wanted a new revolution for China where
everyone would be based upon equality. Once he came in contact with fellow Communist members, I assume he felt a connection with them, knowing
that there should be a change in society. If Communism would have been active in his childhood, his family would not have been separated and who
knows how much longer his father could have

The Between China And Taiwan
"The campaign of the occupation lays the advantages as well as the disadvantages of the CSSTA under the sun stark naked; unfortunately, the pact is
already passed. The forced adoption by the KMT highlights the Ma government's arbitrary abuse of the power and infringement of the human right,
leading to the constitutional crisis of the retrogression in democracy. It meanwhile stimulates civilians to ponder the rebirth of democracy."
(е …жЊЃпјЊз›ґе€°е
і¶е¶је¤©е…‰, see footnote , translation mine). The interaction of the trade activities between Mainland China and Taiwan
always "successfully" draws attention from the global, but this time the fuel is directly presented in the manifesto of the Sunflower
Movement––е …жЊЃпјЊз›ґе€°е
і¶е¶је¤©е…‰. People are mainly protesting the CSSTA [Cross–Strait Service Trade Agreement, CSSTA] against the
untransparent processes. This agreement, passed without the regular procedure, underlines the dark side of the Ma government and how it
simultaneously summons up civilians to deeply think about what is now striking the democracy in Taiwan. In addition to the domestic problems
originating from the CSSTA, the other vital issue our nation is encountering now is that Taiwan is standing at a lower position in this financial game.
"The scales and structures of business are totally different between Taiwan and China. If we just accept the trade without detailed consideration, China
is likely [taking] control over Taiwan by means of financial interactions, and it will lead to what Hong Kong

The Invasion Of Japan Into China
The Japanese and Chinese have always had disputes with one another, and one of the biggest reasons for the Chinese and Japanese hating each other is
the Invasion of Japan into China. It began with Japan invading and occupying Manchuria causing the hatred between the two countries to grow
immensely.
According to the New World encyclopedia, what made matter worse, was that China was at war with itself, the war was between the Chinese
Nationalist Party and the Chinese Communist Party. Sun Yat–sen dies in 1925, soon after, commander in chief Chiang Kai–Shek of the National Army
set out on an expedition to the North. This expedition was an effort to exterminate the commanders of the war and as well as feudalism. However, when
a year passes, in 1926, the Nationalist Party had divided into left and right factions where communism had begun to grow from the inside out. After
many disputes, on April 7, 1927, Chiang and other nationalist had decided to hold a meeting where they had decided the communist were being
socially and economically disruptive. They would then join together in order to suppress them and keep the national revolution ongoing. Hence on
April 12, Nationalist leader Chiang commenced an expulsion of the communist in the Shanghai area, leading to the execution and arrest of hundreds of
communist members. This became known as the "Shanghai Massacre", enraged, the communist would attempt to conquer cities such as Changsha,
Guangzhou, Nanchang, and Shantou. After many

Pushing Pause on Cross-Strait Tension: Development of an...
In chemistry, two prevailing types of bonds between atoms exist. Covalent bonds describe a connection between two atoms in which both share their
electrons in order to form a desirable octet between the two. Ionic bonds, however, occur through the transfer of electrons between two atoms; in
actuality, the atoms remain separate from one another, and have little more in common than an electron transaction. In essence, the bond between ions
breaks as both dissociate from each other over time, resulting in completely separate entities. Extended to political relations, the bond between the
People's Republic of China under the command of the Chinese Communist Party, and the Republic of China, Taiwan, whose political scheme
constitutes a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, the political connection between China and Taiwan resembles that of an ionic bond, in which the two nations share the same origin, but
progressed down different political–economic paths, establishing two distinct countries, with a bond comprised of mutual trade and potential economic
gain. In other words, China and Taiwan are held together by cross–strait investment and trade, but remain essentially separate from one another both
politically and in regard to economic policy.
Under these circumstances, Taiwan's bid for independence, particularly over the last few decades, hardly constitutes shock or surprise, though the
development of a deeply entrenched stalemate between China and Taiwan to the extent of potential warfare resulting thereof places the welfare of
China, Taiwan, and, potentially, the international community, in a surprising level of political and economic danger. The initial response from China
in regard to Taiwanese independence established a precedent for military coercion in order to integrate Taiwan into the PRC, and resulted in a standoff
between Beijing and Taipei in regard to negotiation and compromise, from which, ironically, neither will budge. Overall, regardless of the final decision
on Taiwanese independence from China, the political stalemate on both sides of the

Background Briefing Paper Of Jiang Yingwen
Shawn Yang Prof. Hu HIST 12 6/5/16 Background Briefing Paper of Jiang yingwen Introduction Throughout history, art has played a major role in
contributing to the development of cultures and communities. As one of the foundations of Chinese culture, this paper contains information about the
life and brief of Jiang yingwen, the protagonist in the novel. This is a story about his effort to establish a new form of artistic expression in a century
of change and transformation.
Abstract
The novel will be centered around the artist, Jiang yingwen, who brought revolutionary change to China's art culture. Throughout his life, he analyzed
and incorporated western/modern methods into traditional Chinese artwork. He attempted to make his ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the cultural revolution he was sent to the countryside to be "reeducated" among many other teachers. Not only does this novel tell about his
journey being a modern Chinese artist, but also depicts the transition of how China's political and cultural changes throughout time.
Identifying Information Jiang yingwen is a painter, poet and artist who is born on July 19th 1895 in Shanghai, China. Went to Japan and studied art in
1919, returned in 1923. He was married when he is 33 to one of his colleagues in Beijing. Upon marrying, they settled Beijing, Jiang had two sons and
one daughter. Jiang passed away on June 4th 1969 in Beijing.
Living Conditions Born into a middle class family, Jiang's family lives in Song Jiang one of the suburbs of Shanghai and lived a fairly content life.
His father is a private tutor who teaches painting, poetry and calligraphy. As a result, Jiang is well mannered and educated. He is exposed to art at
an early age, which gave him great advantage when starting his career as an artist. Jiang's mother was a tailor who mostly works for upper class
clients. This made it easy for the family to make connections with the nobles and officials of the area. Through such connections, the family has access
to luxury items such as fatty foods and sweet confectioneries . Those nobles and officials who have the ability to travel through trade ports often
brought art supplies for Jiang's

China Marine Essay
The book China Marine by E. B. Sledge was a biography about the life of E.B. Sledge as a Marine during his guard duty in North China. During
the Pacific War, Sledge tired of waiting for his academic degree and officer's commission. He decided to leave Georgia Tech and enlisted in the
Marine to join the war. In 1944, he survived from Peleliu and Okinawa War. Those were murderous battles and he was in the front lines as an
infantryman serving in a rifle company of the First Marine Division. After the strong fought with Japanese soldier, on 14 August 1945, Japanese had
surrendered unconditionally and the World War II was over. Sledge and his marines' comrades felt blessed after they heard that announcement. They
thought that they would be... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, when they arrived at the first time at Peiping, the US Marine group had parades and people surged into streets to shake their hands and
show their pro–American sentiments. For Sledge's comrades, it was a truly a "victory parade" for them and they enjoyed it immensely. Despites
civilian named US Marines as a hero; in the other side, US Marines felt like they were being exploited after so much combat service. Combat
veterans in China were rotated home at such a slow pace while other troops with lesser service in safe places were going home. "The major
explained that the Marines had a critical mission in North China" (Sledge 113). Some incidents occurred between US Marines and China
communist. Incident at Lang Fang, while the First marine division's original assignment was to disarmed and repatriates Japanese troops, but when
the situation becomes more chaotic, many of the US Marine got attacked by Communist. "Too many Marines who fought in World War II and
wanted to go home, now they ended up get killed in Chinese civil war" (Sledge 39). Most of them died while they were protecting a bridge or
railroad track in the wasteland of northern China. Sledge found some of the most helpful during his time in North China. First, the price for living in
China was really cheap for Americans, for example, "during the first few days in Peiping, a

Rise of Communism in China
Rise of Communism in China
Introduction
The main reason why the Communists came to power in China was because of the failing policies and actions used by Kuomintang (Chinese
Nationalists) of which the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) took advantage. However in addition to that, there were also significant factors such as the
poor conditions during the beginning of the twentieth century in the Republic of China and the Japanese War (1937 В– 1945), that led to the
insufficiency and weakness of the GMD (Chinese Democratic Party) during the Civil War. Their leader, Chiang Kai
–Shek, lost the support of the
majority, mainly peasants and intellectuals, to the CCP, which contributed to their success in war. In addition to GMD's actions, Mao... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the beginning the GMD sought to bring about a democratic revolution. Their socialist leader, Sun Yatsen, therefore introduced three principles,
Nationalism, Democracy and People's livelihood. His idea of Nationalism consisted of a strong central government, which would have had to be able
to force out foreign influence and restore independence of China. Democracy was Sun's attempt to secure liberty and equality, in a country, which
previously had a long history of imperial dynastic rule. In addition to this he demanded a fair distribution of wealth such as land and reflection of
people's livelihood. It became obvious that there was no harmony in the Chinese society. Mainly the warlords and foreigners increasingly contributed to
the division of the country. In addition, the privileged classes established an opposition.
Chiang Kai–Shek
After Sun Yatsen's death in 1925, Chiang Kai–Shek (also a GMD member) took over GMD leadership, confronting his problems in a more aggressive
way than Sun Yatsen did. General Chiang Kai–Shek mainly concentrated on the military unification and reforms were regarded of a minor importance.
Already, in 1927 he dictated a massacre in the city of Shanghai where 6000 communists were ruthlessly killed. Due to this, the left wing GMD
members split. Chiang organized his own nationalist government at Nanjing, in 1928. He

The History of Sino-Soviet Relations Essay
I. Introduction
The history of Sino–Soviet relations can be traced back hundreds of years, starting with the initial Mongol invasion and devastation of the Kievan Rus'
principalities in the mid–thirteenth century. With time, the rise of the Russian Empire and Czarist rule reversed the infrastructural and cultural
destruction caused by the Mongol hordes; by the advent of the twentieth century, the reformed Russian state had begun encroaching on Chinese
territory while holding a very strong, influential grasp on the slowly collapsing Imperial Chinese regime. However, with the success of the Russian
Revolution in 1917, the creation of the Soviet Union, and the institution of a communist government and administration, the nature of ... Show more
For the next couple of decades, until the eventual dissolution of the USSR, this strained relationship and antagonism continued and did not normalize
due to unresolved conflicts in ideology, international politics, and differing national interests and philosophies.
II. Creation and Expansion of Communism
To better understand the nature of Sino–Soviet relations in the twentieth century, one must analyze the emergence of communism in the respective
nations of Russia and China. Communism was first developed by German philosopher Karl Marx in the 1800s, and is defined as a socioeconomic
policy structured around the common ownership of property in the absence of any social distinctions such as class, wealth, or race. Marx saw this
arrangement as the zenith of human society, the paragon of interaction where the resources of economic production are fully socialized and everything,
from basic nutrition to education, is freely allocated based on necessity. These egalitarian doctrines and policies of social, economic, and political
freedom greatly appeased to the working–class populations in politically oppressed regions of the world, especially in the situations of the repressed
poor and peasant classes of early twentieth–century Russian and Chinese societies.
A. Spread of Communism Into Russia
Although serfdom was abolished in 1861, the Russian societal climate at the dawn of the twentieth century was a breeding ground for revolutionary
ideas and beliefs

The Impact of the Three Principles of the People on China...
"We shall establish a united Chinese Republic in order that all the peoples–Manchus, Mongols, Tibetans, Tartars and Chinese–should constitute a single
powerful nation.... Such a nationalism is possible, and we must pursue it."– Sun Yat–sen, Three Principles of the People. Countless nationalists across
the world seek for the rights Dr. Sun Yat–sen stated in his Principles. Sun Yat–sen was born in Cuiheng, a small village in Guangzhou Province, during
the Qing Dynasty in 1866. At this time, the Qing was slowly declining. The Taiping Rebellion, an unsuccessful, large–scale revolt against the Qing
dynasty led by Hong Xiuquan, threatened the survival of the empire, the Confucian system. The ascension of the two–year old Emperor Puyi also made
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Because of this, Sun stated that a modern and ideal government system must be established. Sun had his new government system divided into two
powers: the power of politics and the power of governance. The powers of politics are the rights of the people to express their political wishes. An
example of this today is Britain's Parliament's House of Commons. Sun declares that the people have four major rights or civil rights, which are:
election, recall, initiative, and referendum (ABC–CLIO "Sun Yat–sen"). Election means the right to vote, recall is the right to remove an elected
official from power, initiative is the right to petition and referendum is the right to refer measures passed by the legislative branch to the approval or
rejection of the electorate. The second power was the power of governance or the power of the officials. Sun proposed the use of a five–branch
government system within the power of governance, including the three branch system of the U.S. (Legislative, Judicial and Executive), the use of
checks and balances, as well as two other branches: Control Branch (similar to the Censorate Branch) and the Examination Branch (similar to the
branch responsible for the Civil Service Exams). The Second Principle of the People was meant to represent a Western style of government
(ABC–CLIO "Sun Yat–sen"). The last principle of Sun's Three Principles of the People is the development of

The Democracy And Human Rights
For as long as it has existed, the Chinese government has been power hungry, They have limited the freedom of citizens so that they can make the
decisions themselves, such as not allowing citizens to vote for government officials. Instead, officials are simply appointed by others in government.
Citizens want reform, protests have occurred across the country for change to a democratic system so that citizens can finally elect the people that
represent them. This would give citizens more power, but as result, take some away from the government, which they do not want. The Chinese
government needs to listen to their citizens and change to a democratic system to give them more freedom and make them happier. The status of
democracy and human rights in China is not where it could be. Both are limited in the following ways. According to Noah Berlatsky, "China's
government is authoritarian and undemocratic. Leaders are for the most part appointed and not elected. Media in China are regulated, and protest
against the government is strictly limited" (Berlatsky). This means that the citizens of China do not have the ability to influence who is elected. The
already appointed government officials decide and appoint others. The Chinese government also strictly limits protesting. There is a popular practice
known as Falun Gong, which includes exercises and the study of several books. This was founded by Li Hongzhi in 1992, and by 1998, it had 70
million practitioners. The Chinese

Essay on The Ideology of Mao Zedong
t A. Mao ZeDong is one of the greatest leaders in the history of New China. The influence of Mao's theory is profound and lasting. He is a great
thinker, poet, and a highly intelligent military strategist. Under his leadership and the actions he performed during The Long March, Chinese Civil War
then defeating the Kuomintang Party to built the New China are the main epic episodes. Mao ZeDong's extravagant actions made two of the many
changes to China. They are the shift from a capitalist system to a socialist system and the achievement of China's independence against Japanese
imperialism (Somo, 2013a). The influence of Mao's theory has been widespread to the world up until this day. Especially, in the countries of the third
world have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
60,000 soldiers were sacrificed and fifty percent of their territory had been occupied by Chiang's forces. For this reason, the Chinese Communist Party
must flee from this massacre and preserve their remaining military strength. As a result, their retreat became the world renowned Long March, which
began on October 14, 1934. At first, the Chinese Communist Party adopted the advice from a Russian agent rather than Mao's suggestions . Due to
their poor planing the Communist Party suffered another heavy casualties. Under this condition, the Chinese Communist Party appointed Mao ZeDong
to leadership after they had a conference in January 1935. Since then, Mao apply different tactics in this terrible hardship of The Long March. He
guided the Red Army to maneuver stealthy. "As the Red army moved away from Xiang, it used twisting movement patterns that made predicting its
direction very difficult. Mao also split up the Red Army into smaller units. In theory this made theme more open to attack, in practice, they were more
difficult to find in the open spaces on China"(Trueman, n.d.). Mao decided ShanXi, Northern China will be their destination. Under Mao's leadership,
the Red Army overcome the surmount numerous difficulties, at the cost of more than 70,000 men. During the entire battle the Red Army did not have
those advanced military equipment like the Kuomintang Party. It took 368 days for Mao ZeDong and his Red Army to marched about 9,000
kilometers by foot in order to

Foreign Secretary Level Talks : India 's Prime Minister
While campaigning for last year's national vote, Narendra Modi promised a "new chapter" in Indo–Pak history if he became India's Prime Minister
(P.M). Instead, bilateral relations during his year and a half in office have not budged past a prologue both exhausting and marred by testy
cross–border rhetoric. All that has changed now, at least on the surface.
After Modi pleasantly surprised Pakistan by gatecrashing P.M Nawaz Sharif's birthday party on December 25, there is hope for a new era, or at least
one that sidesteps divisive populism. Foreign Secretary–level talks should begin on January 15 in Islamabad to roadmap a new composite dialogue on
all outstanding issues including Kashmir. That is good news, no matter how you spin it.
That said, the dizzying speed of rapprochement has startled politicians and pundits alike in both countries. Though cynicism abounds about the illusory
nature of progress in making permanent peace, and some compare P.M Modi's impromptu visit to a foreign policy smokescreen, January has
historically been a good month for international statecraft.
On New Year's Day 1979, The People'sRepublic of China (PRC) established formal relations with the US after 30 years of friction and short–circuiting
each other's geopolitical agendas. From squaring off in Korea and Vietnam during theCold War, China and the US now practice two–way trade valued
at over half a trillion dollars. The takeaway here is that diplomacy is rarely a zero–sum game or linear in

Kuomintang Chiang's Civil War
of the Americans and of Chinese intellectuals and Students" (Tanner 47), his ideals, although far from the expectations of Americans and a good
portion of Chinese intellectual's were all driven from his Confucian and military background. Even with the help of the Americans the relationship
between the Americans and the Kuomintang was not all that great. Even Chiang, "for his part, had little respect for Marshall, or for Americans in
general. In his diary, Chiang often referred to Americans as naГЇve, superficial, emotional, and immature" (Tanner 37). But in order to ensue American
support for the Kuomintang Chiang had to continue to deal and make amends with Marshall. In the eyes of the Americans Chiang is seen as a dictator
who had no skills in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Americans continue to blame Chiang for his loss of China. Especially Harry Truman in charge of working with Chiang in this period and time.
While receiving a lot of criticisms for partly being the reason of the loss of China he of course did not let criticisms and accusations left unanswered.
However this has been a long and overdue debate till today as well because of all the different views of Chiang and China's civil war. This whole mess
of who lost China who is the hero and who is the enemy is the cause of all the different views and aspects of the leader Chiang Kai–shek himself and the
outcome of the war. For the side of the Truman Administration Chiang was an over ambitious leader who was too focused on kicking out the
Communists rather than focusing on what was more important, "The Truman administration had sent George Marshall to mediate between the
Nationalists and Communist Parties, while simultaneously sending generous amounts of economic and military aid" (Tanner 13). The United States has
done all that they could in order to aid the Kuomintang but "Chiang and the Kuomintang had failed to cooperate with

War as an Influential Force in the Jade Peony Essay
War as an influential force in The Jade Peony
The Jade Peony is a novel that concentrated on the life of early Chinese immigrants by describing a series of stories happened in a four–kid family.
The novel told the reminiscences of three children's child life in that family, therefore it was divided into three parts according to the different
characters. But apart from the family routine portrayed in the novel, it can be clearly seen in the whole book that war, as another implied clue, played
an important role in the development of the story.
In the first place, as an overall background, Chinese civil war between Kuomintang (the party leaded by Chiang Kai–shek) and The Communist Party
(the party leaded by Mao Tse–tung) caused the first ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
People lived in Vancouver Chinatown were far from the flames of war, but they were so concerned about what was happening in OldChina. Not only
because they cared about their hometown, but also because they cared about their families, friends, or relatives who were still living in China. From
this point, the concern about the war that was showed by people were regarded as strong feeling connection with Old China. Although war did not
directly caused pain to people in Chinatown, the suffering it caused in Old China was also brought to Canada. In chapter eight, one of stepmother's
childhood best friends, called Chen Suling, was killed by an explosion of a bomb. In the beginning of this chapter, we can see Sek–Lung's family was
looking forward to the Chen Suling's visit to Canada, and appreciated her talents of English. All of them, except for Sek–Lung who disliked her
because he would be controlled if Chen Suling came, hoped to see her eagerly. But a bomb turned their hope down. Stepmother felt extremely painful
for losing her best friend, just like Sek–Lung said in the end of this chapter "I never heard stepmother mention Chen Suling's name again."(161). Later,
with the war becoming fiercer, the social order in Vancouver also became instable. "Gangs of older, jobless boys roamed back streets hunting for
Japanese. Fights broke out. There were knifings on some

A Brief Note On The Chinese Civil War
This essay examines the Chinese Civil War between 1945–49, which resulted in the victory of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) over Chiang
Kai–Shek and the Kuomintang (GMD) and the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. Many historians have attributed the victory
of the communists to social, political and economic reasons how this ultimately won them war, however other reasons need to be taken into account
when discussing the victory of the communists such as the transformation of its armed forces into a conventional army. With this in mind, however it
was arguably the Japanese invasion that best explains to why the communists eventually won the war.
It could be argued that one of main reasons that the CCP eventually ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The second approach the CCP took was the orders instructed to the army were to be kind and understanding to the peasants, thus gaining rapport and
affiliation with them. The Red army's code of conducts included "Do not damage crop" and "Pay fairly for what you buy" presents the impression that
they are the protectors of the peasantry class. Furthermore it shows that the CCP understood to take control over the government of China, it was
necessary to gain the majority of support from the peasants.
In contrast, the KMT remained distant from the majority of the populace and was never really able to establish rapport. In fact the KMT were widely
known as brutal and incompetent as the army had a reputation for being poor discipline , Derek Bryan claims that people felt "The Kuomintang armies
had done nothing to change the soliders reputation for bad behaviour" indicates this . Furthermore, General Joseph Stiwell (American wartime liaison
officer at the time 1948), characterised the KMT under Chiang Kai–Shek as "Greed, corruption, favouritism ... terrible waste of life". This also reflected
how foreigners shared a similar view with the Chinese people about the KMT government. On the other hand, as noted before the CCP were deemed as
honest and efficient in its administration. Thus, many citizens were not hesitant in switching sides because of the KMT corruptions and incompetence.
The CCP had created effective political structure and

Sun Yat-Sen
Evaluate the importance of Sun Yixian's (Sun Yat
–sen's) role in bringing about the 1911 Revolution in China.
Sun Yat–sen's role in the 1911 revolution against the Qing dynasty was an indirect one. Sun Yat–sen was exiled in the United States during the events
of the Wuchang Uprising of October 10th, 1911, hearing about it through a newspaper publication in Denver, Colorado.[1] Many Historians view Sun's
accession as the provisional President of the Republic of China, directly following the revolution, as due to his position as a "compromise
candidate"(Bergere, Marie–Clare, Sun Yat–sen, 1994, p. 12). This interpretation holds Sun Yat–sen as a respected but unimportant figure in the
revolution, serving as an ideal compromise between the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In his nationalization theory, people would be deprived of the right to own land, but they could still retain other rights over the land by permission of
the state. Sun Yat–sen's revolutionary ideas extensively influenced formation of the New Army, responsible for the revolution of 1911. Through his
early revolutionary actions and a failed military coup in 1895, Sun Yat–sen was exiled for sixteen years, campaigning and raising monetary aid in
Europe, the United States and in Japan. In Japan, Sun Yat–sen joined dissident Chinese groups, a pre–cursor to the Tongmenghui, becoming their leader
and gaining a large amount of financial support from Japanese democratic revolutionary, Miyazaki Toten.[6] Sun Yat
–Sen smuggled this financial aid
into China through his supporters, directly financing weapons and ammunitions, much of which was utilised in the revolution by the New Army.
Sun Yat–sen's ideology remained flexible; this had a homogenising effect on the revolutionary factions involved in the Wuchang rebellion and more
widely, the Xinhai Revolution. Sun Yat–sen's political ideologies reflected their intended audience as much as his personal convictions. He presented
himself as a strident nationalist to the nationalists, as a socialist to the socialists and an anarchist to the anarchists, declaring in 1898, "the goal of the
three principles of the people is to create socialism and

What Is The Positive Impact Of Broadcast Journalism
CNJ 319 Final Exam – Leixi Wang – 746 words
If there is one thing I believe in is that journalism, specifically broadcast journalism, helped greatly in the advancement of communications
technologies and vice versa. With the introduction of radio and television, the hunger for more information and accessing the information quicker
grew tremendously. Maybe not the best time in terms of world peace, but with the drive to spread the information out as fast and as widely as
possible, it did help drive for a better further, a more peaceful future where people received the information first hand and from many different angles.
Even with these technological advancements, it was not always a positive impact on the journalism front, and I will analyze the pros and cons in this
paper.
With the invention of the telegraph, proving ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus the television was introduced to the general public at around WWII time, where it slowly took over the radio as the preferred method broadcasting
. With television the benefit of having the image right in front of the viewer brings in more realism to the news, it gives the viewer a better feel of
actually being in the moment. This also changed the way journalism worked, as the journalists came from the guys doing the background work and
writing the scripts to actually being seen on television or heard on radio.
Over–ally technology has brought around more positives than negatives for the journalism industry, growing the audience base to number that could
not have been possible with just newspaper, it also provided easier ways to engage the viewers and listeners as especially in the 19th and early 20th
century there were still many people that could not read. As technology is continuously impacting journalism now and into the future, there's a chance
to see more interesting gadgets that will gauge the user's interest in

What Is Lowi's Proposed Three-Party Policy Typology?
Since Lowi (1964) first proposed three–party policy typology– distributive, regulatory and redistributive, policy typology has been a widely used
theoretical framework to describe and explain public policy processes. In his theoretical scheme, policy actors with specific expectations on policy
outputs and outcomes would interact with each other in a more or less conflicting way, an argument that was supported by the review of 17 case
studies in the context of American politics (Lowi, 1964; 1972). That is, community structures of policy coalition might vary across policy types. Built
on the premise that different types of policy might shape specific political structures and relationships, recent research primarily focused on either
developing... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since Lowi first published his paper, party polarization has become more severe. It is unknown whether most policies are framed as bipartisan cleavage
nowadays. If this is the case, policy typology might have weaker explanatory power. Moreover, we have no certain answer on whether Lowi's argument
could be generalized outside the American context. Especially, electoral systems vary across countries. In American, only one candidate for members
of Congress is elected from a single electoral district; some countries have multiple legislators from the same electoral district. The difference between
institution incentives might affect politician's preference for particular policy outcomes, and then would contribute to a political dynamic Lowi might
not anticipate. Without taking these issues into account, we might misunderstand the real political dynamic, so that overestimated the effect of policy
typology. In practical, we might be able to take actions to make changes on policy coalition formation if institution does

Why the Chinese Nationalist Party lost the Chinese Civil War.
On 1 October 1949, Mao Zedong, leader of the Chinese Communist Party declared victory over the Nationalist Party (Guomindang) and brought an
end to four brutally long years of Civil War. The Communist victory in the Civil War has however, created significant debate among historians,
namely: was a Communist victory inevitable and if so is it more sensible to see the Chinese Civil Waras a Communist victory or as a Nationalist
defeat?When researching these questions it becomes blatantly obvious that the Guomindang government led by Chiang Kai–Shek was riddled with
problems and they are very much the cause of their own downfall. Widespread government corruption, spiraling inflation, loss of public confidence and
intractable poverty are just a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the end of the Sino–Japanese War the Guomindang held significant advantages over the Communists, with its widely recognised legitimate
government controlling China, giving it the power to tax and conscript. On the other hand, the Communists could not match the Guomindang's troops
in terms of training and equipment and could be "outgunned and outmanoeuvred in all major regions of the country" (Westad, 2003: 8). Furthermore,
the Communist party was hardly represented in the cities at all, which of course was the power base of the Guomindang. However, the Communists
also had successes resulting from the war with Japan including increasing their area of control and practiced evolving their strategies of protracted
guerrilla warfare against the Japanese which in turn generated public support. Despite this the party's main forces were still located in North–west
China and they were not in such a powerful position that a civil war with the Guomindang would be a mere formality in securing control of the country.
The Civil War is therefore simply not a case of the imminent decline of the Guomindang and the Communists' irresistible rise. Rather the Sino–Japanese
War provided the framework for the decisions and strategies that would ultimately lead to Nationalist defeat. The war with Japan left the Guomindang
decimated and they did need to undergo reform in order to survive; however the

Cause And Effects Of The Boxer Rebellion
In the Boxer Rebellion (1899–1901), a violent anti–foreign and anti–Christian uprising, the fighting had largely ended with the relief of the besieged
Legation Quarter in Peking on the afternoon of 14 August 1900. Peking, Tianjin and other cities in northern China were occupied for more than a year
by the international expeditionary force. Atrocities of foreign troops went on rampantly, including wholesale looting, raping, and killing.
Journalist George Lynch observed that "this Western civilization of ours is merely a veneer of savagery..." (7) Following the capture of Peking by
the foreign armies, the Qing imperial court (headed by the Empress Dowager Cixi) agreed to sign the 1901 Boxer Protocol aka Peace Agreement with
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The aim of the Tongmenghui revolutionaries, led by Dr Sun, was to overthrow the foreign Qing dynasty and Manchu rule, to recover Chinese
nationhood and modernize China. The ancient and obsolescent Qing regime in terminal decline finally collapsed 4 months and 2 days after the
launching of the Xinhai Revolution in the city of Wuchang, Hubei province, at 7.00 p.m. on Tuesday 10 October 1911 (19th day of the 8th lunar
month in the year of the pig). However, the Republican period (February 1912 to October 1949) was to undergo a dozen years of warlordism
(1916–28), Chiang Kai–shek's suppression campaigns against the Chinese Communists in the early 1930s until late 1936, and Japanese aggression
(1931–1945) during which the Marco Polo Bridge incident of 7 July 1937 triggered World War II in East Asia. Japanese aggression ended with the
Japanese surrender in mid–August 1945, shortly after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima (6 August) and Nagasaki (9 August).

Sociocultural Analysis Of Taiwan
Taiwan – Sociocultural Analysis Taiwan is an island that is a part of the continent of Asia. Asiatic cultures vary from Western culture and require
sociological and cultural analysis to completely understand. The New World Encyclopedia online resource defines culture in an easy to
understand way. According to New World Encyclopedia (2013), "Culture is a complex of features held by a social group, which may be as small
as a family or a tribe, or as large as a racial or ethnic group, a nation, or in the age or globalization, by people all over the world" (Defining culture,
para.1). Taiwan is the topic of sociocultural analysis in this essay. Five major characteristics that define a culture are that it is learned, it is social,
shared, transmitted and continuous (Farooq, 2011). Taiwan is rich in culture, food, art and religion. Geographically, according to McGuigan (n.d.),
Taiwan is "a relatively small island off the south–east coast of mainland China, Taiwan occupies a unique position both politically and culturally"
(Taiwan Culture & Tradition, para. 1). World Atlas online states that "about two
–thirds of Taiwan is a rugged mountain landscape with the Chung–yang
Shan range (central) dominating the island, and some 200 peaks exceeding 9,840 ft. (3,000 m)" (Taiwan Geography, para.1). To select one common
characteristic of Taiwan culture is difficult because the Taiwanese people are made up of a conglomerate mix to include aboriginal people, Chinese
people and Japanese.

The Communist Party's Successful Gain of China Essay
The Communist Party's Successful Gain of China
In the early 20th century China was facing historical difficulties leading to a big change.
The poor peasants in China did not own their own land and had to pay heavy rents and taxes to the landlords. Desperately poor and illiterate, they were
vulnerable to disease, draught, food and famine.
This is a very important reason why the Communist came into power.
The Nationalists controlled South China in the year of 1928 after the Northern. Expedition. The time had come to attack the warlords who ruled the
North so that the enemy could be reunited under a single government.
The ordinary Chinese civilians were sick of the warlords and the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This was a significant effect because it would be more likely the peasants would spread Communist ideas and eventually they would agree with Mao's
party. So in the long term this would help the Communist party.
The Communists were situated in the capital called Jiangxi and the Nationalists discovered that they were there and tried to destroy Jiangxi 4 times but
failed on each occasion, and then they decided to blockade all around the capital that left Mao with some options which are the following:
–Stand and Fight
–Surrender to the GMD
–Break out Jiangxi and head out to the countryside.
–Arrange a truce with the GMD

–Unite with the neighbouring provenance of Fujaan, which was rebelling.
–Try to break the blockade in some other way, such as by sending messages for help to other CCP bases.
Mao decided to break out of Jiangxi and head for the countryside, this was then known as the Long March as they fought their way past the Blockade
and after a year of fighting they ended up in Shanxi where they were seen as heroes from many people but the Nationalist saw them as cowards
retreating from their capital. The Communist however thought that this was a victory as they were propagandizing and telling people on their way.
I think this was an important cause but it was an

Mao Zedong : A Communist Dictator Responsible For The...
When people hear the name "Mao Zedong", they immediately think of a stubby communist dictator responsible for the death of millions. Although
many of his reforms failed and millions died, many argue that he his "good" outweigh his "bad". He saved the ailing nation of China, molding it to the
nation it is today. Mao Zedong was born on December 26, 1893 to a relatively wealthy farmer in the small village of Shaoshan, Hunan. When he was
eight, he attended a small school in his village, where he learned traditional Confucian ways. However, only after five short years in school, his father
pulled him out and put him to work in his fields. There, he toiled until he was seventeen, when he convinced his totalitarian father to let him attend a
secondary school in Changsha, the Hunanese capital. There, he acquired limited knowledge of science, but developed a clear written style, and an
extensive understanding of social problems, Chinese history, and current affairs. During his years at school, the country of China was rapidly changing.
People were tired of the ancient and ineffective monarchy system, and in 1911, the Xinhai Revolution began to oust China's last imperial dynasty. Mao
joined the Revolutionary Army and the Kuomintang Nationalist Party, but did not see any action on the front lines. The revolution was successful,
terminating the several thousand year old monarchy, consequently replacing it with the Republic of China. After the revolution, Mao resumed his
normal life,

The Impact Of The Second Sino-Japanese War
The Second Sino–Japanese War was a bloody experience to both China and Japan. The aggression of Japan in Second Sino–Japanese War eventually
broke out the Pacific War and dragged China into the Second World War. There were various significant incidents occurred during the Second
Sino–Japanese War, thus, became the most controversial issues since then in the Sino–Japanese relationship. This chapter will focus on some
contentious incidents during the Second Sino–Japanese Warand the Second World War.
One of the prime issues during this period is the Nanjing Massacre, or sometimes known as the 'Rape of Nanjing'. It shows the brutality of Japanese
military and the unforgivable and unforgettable incident among the Chinese. The act of whitewashing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since the end of the 1990s, there was a 'baodiao [дїќй‡Ј, which means defending Diaoyu]' campaign which emerged in mainland China (He, 2007 14).
In March, 2004, these 'baodiao' activists actually succeeded in landing on the Senkaku islands (He, 2007, 14) (Yukio, 2012), as an act to protest the
claims from Japan. These 'baodiao' movement is associated with the anti–Japanese movement. They also registered as a formal organization, known as
the China Federation for Defending the Diaoyu Islands (CFDD) in Hong Kong and established its headquarters in Beijing (He, 2007, 14). The Senkaku
islands' dispute is among the contested sovereignty of China and Japan, which created the anti–Japan and anti–Chinese sentiment between the two
states. PRC government, nonetheless shows its assertiveness over the sovereignty of the island. The firm stand of the government, thus, affects the
development of Chinese nationalism as well, targeting the anti–Japanese sentiment to secure the public support over the PRC's

Sociocultural Analysis Of Taiwan
Taiwan– Sociocultural Analysis Athena L. Guidry SLC Class 001–18 Taiwan– Sociocultural Analysis Taiwan is an island that is a part of the continent
of Asia. Asiatic cultures vary from Western culture and require sociological and cultural analysis to completely understand. The New World
Encyclopedia online resource defines culture in an easy to understand way. According to New World Encyclopedia (2013), "Culture is a complex
of features held by a social group, which may be as small as a family or a tribe, or as large as a racial or ethnic group, a nation, or in the age or
globalization, by people all over the world" (Defining culture, para.1). Taiwan is the topic of sociocultural analysis in this essay. Five major
characteristics that define a culture are that it is learned, it is social, shared, transmitted and continuous (Farooq 2011). Taiwan is rich in culture, food,
art and religion. Geographically, according to McGuigan (n.d.), Taiwan is "a relatively small island off the south–east coast of mainland China, Taiwan
occupies a unique position both politically and culturally" (Taiwan Culture & Tradition, para. 1). World Atlas online states that "about two
–thirds of
Taiwan is a rugged mountain landscape with the Chung–yang Shan range (central) dominating the island, and some 200 peaks exceeding 9,840 ft.
(3,000 m)" (Taiwan Geography para.1). To select one common characteristic of Taiwan culture is difficult because the Taiwanese people are made up
of a conglomerate

How Did Taiwan End The Martial Law?
The Martial Law was imposed in Taiwan in 1949 along with the Wartime Temporary Provisions and at the same time the Constitution was suspended
(Hsiao and Hsiao, 2001: 4). Along came prohibition formation of new political parties, and it gave the secret police, which had wide–ranging powers
to arrest anyone voicing criticism of government policy (International Committee for Human Rights in Taiwan, 1987: 3). Accordingly, the process of
liberalization was long over due.
The main aspiration of the Kuomintang (KMT) officials of enacting the Martial Law was that they wanted Taiwan to become bastion for the future
recovery of mainland People's Republic of China (Chao and Myers, 2000: 387). If the communist regime would ever lose support and ... Show more
On 28th September 1986 PPRA was formally set up as the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) (International Committee for Human Rights in Taiwan,
1987: 3). Besides the public opposition President Chiang Ching–kuo realized that continuation of the Martial Law would mean permanent damage to
his image after his passing away, and would further isolate the island politically (ibid). President Chiang came to a conclusion that the Martial Law
should be ended in the beginning of April 1986 (ibid).
3.2The National Securty Law – Period
Just few days before the lifting of the Martial Law a new National Security Law was passed on 23rd June 1987 (International Committee for Human
Rights in Taiwan, 1987: 7). It still contained a significant number of restrictions, e.g. on freedom of assembly and association, and on political rights,
which still exist in continuing National Kuomintang Party dominance (International Committee for Human Rights in Taiwan, 1987: 1, 7). Other
existing laws effectively limit freedom of speech (International Committee for Human Rights in Taiwan, 1987: 1) and other civil liberties. In practice
this meant that the Martial Law itself would remain on the books. Only the emergency decree activating its provisions for Taiwan and the Pescadores
have been lifted meaning it

The Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War
Evaluate the reasons for the success of Mao and the communists gaining support during the Chinese Civil war.
By: Chia Ni Wu
13th May, 2010
Teacher's Name: Mr. Smith
Total Number of Pages: 11
{2,903 words}
Table of Contents
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Body . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, the reasons of Mao's victory could be clearly related to the outcome of the war; the Mao and the CCP defeated the KMT and established
the People's Republic of China in 1949.
Towards the end of the Chinese Civil War, the Chinese Communist Party under the leadership of Mao Zedong was able to defeat the Nationalists Party

(KMT) which was under Chiang Kai–Shriek. Several reasons have lied upon the triumph of the CCP. Mao and his party were capable of gaining
support from the majority of the population through their restrained land policies; they were also able to take advantage of KMT weaknesses, in
addition to their complete dedication during the years.
{408 words}
Body
Throughout the history of China, the civil strife in China had marked a significant event. With two parties established; the Nationalist known as
Kuomintang (KMT) and the Communist known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), conflicts between them began to erupt due to their difference
in beliefs when CCP began to question to morality of democracy and capitalism. This led to the Chinese Civil War (1945–1949). Although many see
that, "early in the civil war it looked as though the Nationalists might prevail. They controlled key cities, their well–equipped troops far outnumbered
Communist troops, and they had support from the United States," (Tamura 180) the outcome of the war was not what everyone thought to be due to
many

Madame Chiang Kai-Ling : One Of The Most Influential Women...
Soong May–ling, otherwise known as Madame Chiang Kai–Shek, was a one of the most powerful and prominent female leaders of the 20th century
due to her contributions to China's relations to the United States, leader of all government–affiliated women's organizations and all of her other
philanthropic efforts. This research essay will discuss and consist of supporting evidence to support the notion that Madame Chiang Kai–Shek was one
of the most influential women in Chinese history, and will also include her background information and personal history.
Born Soong May–ling on March 5, 1897 in Shanghai, into one of the most dominant and influential families in China who were involved in finance
and politics ; May–ling along with her two sisters and two brothers were raised in a Christian household and she was educated in The United States
from ages 10–19. She attended her elder sisters' alma mater, Wesleyan College in Georgia, but transferred and graduated from Wellesley College in
Boston, Massachusetts in 1917 with a major in English literature and minor in philosophy, including honours and academic distinctions in both
subjects. Her brother T.V. Soong, was a prominent industrialist and official of the Nationalist Chinese government. May
–ling and her two sisters,
Ai–ling and Ching–ling, married very important and powerful men during the pre–second world war in China. Her eldest sister married China's finance
minister, H.H Kung and her other sister married Dr.Sun Yat–Sen, who

Why Did Mao Rise to Power in China?
Why did Mao rise to power in China?
"Communism is not love. Communism is a hammer which we use to crush the enemy. "Mao Zedong clearly referring to the Kuomintang.
After a bitter civil war (1946–1949), which faced the major Chinese parties Kuomintang and CCP, Kuomintang's defeat, evidenced with Chiang's and
200.000 peopleВґs fled to Formosa, Mao Zedong (1893–1976), born in Shoshan, Hunan, proclaimed the new PeopleВґs Republic of China with
himself as both Chairman of the CCP and President of the republic in October 1949. How did the under numbered and weak CCP, founded by the
same person in 1921 manage to survive several extermination campaigns and re–organize the party to win the civil war, crushing opposition and
establish the Chinese ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Later Japanese intervention of Manchuria saved the Communist Party, forcing the Kuomintang to decide their priorities: Declare war to Japan or put all
effort in defeating the CCP. As they prioritized crushing the Communist Party, they were seen as unpatriotic and traitors, enabling Japanese forces to
penetrate deep into the country, summiting locals to torture and humiliation, creating hate towards the Chinese government as they were blamed for
their miserable living standards. Furthermore, the Nationalists located in Northern areas had to face war on two fronts, weakening final attack on CCP.
Being able to survive several extermination campaigns starting in 1928 by the Nationalists, they used the excellent opportunity such as with the
warlords to boost their popularity and nationalism by defeating and reconquering Japanese areas by using cautious guerrilla tactics and finally the
Hundred Regiments Battle campaign in 1940, saving local peasants, who would get land due to the ambitious Land Reform from Japanese influence
and KuomintangВґs incompetence. Without foreign intervention, it would have been more complex to get in power, as the country would have lacked
of instability with the warlord era and the Kuomintang would possibly have had defeated the CCP, saving them from a two–front war and peopleВґs
discontent of

How Did The Chinese Revolution Change The World

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