3. TOPIC OF PRESENTATION
1. Introduction.
2. Aim of this project.
3. Components required in this project.
4. Block Diagram representation.
5. Constructional details.
6. Working principle.
7. Advantages of this project.
8. Conclusion.
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INTRODUCTION
The solar tracking system is a system
that can orient the photovoltaic panel
towards the sun automatically.
The total tracking system actually
minimizes the angle of incidence
between the incoming sunlight and a
photovoltaic panel.
5. AIM OF THIS PROJECT
The main aim of this project is
to rotate solar panel in both
direction (i.e. horizontally and
vertically), so that it can cover
the whole three dimensional
direction.
Secondly to send back the solar
to it’s initial position.
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6. COMPONENTS REQUIRED IN THIS PROJECT
1. Light Dependent Resistors (LDR)Sensors.
(4 pieces)
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2. Comparator (IC LM358).
(4 Pieces)
3. LED Lamps.
(4 Pieces)
7. COMPONENTS REQUIRED IN THIS PROJECT
5. Resistors(20 Pieces) and
Limiting Switches(4 Pieces)
4. DC Motors(2 pieces) and
Relay( 4 Pieces)
6. Capacitors and
Choke.(Both are 1 piece )
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8. COMPONENTS REQUIRED IN THIS PROJECT
7. Gear(4 Pieces) with
Axle(1 Piece).
8. AND gate (IC 74LS08) and
NOT Gate (IC 74LS04).
(Both are 1 Piece)
9. Diodes(4 Pieces) and
Transistors.(3 Pieces)
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12. CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS
There are two motor are placed for the rotation of the Solar Panel.
One for rotation about horizontal axis and other for vertical rotation.
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13. 1. In the above figure the placing details of comparators, LED, resistors and
relays are shown.
2. There are four LED Lamps, four Comparators and four relays are present.
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14. WORKING PRINCIPLE
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• The working principle is basically depend on the LDR which sense the
direction of the sun beam and sends signal to the comparator.
• If this signal is greater than the comparator preset value then the comparator
sends output signal to the Relay Circuit. Among four comparator each comparator
works for a particular LDR signal and it will be detected by a particular LED lamp.
• A Limiting switch is present at the end of comparator’s output in order to
limit the movement of the solar panel in a particular direction.
15. WORKING PRINCIPLE
• After receiving the signal form comparator The Relay circuit just rotate the
motor in a particular direction.
• In the evening when the availability of sunlight is not possible then in order
to regain the initial position of the solar panel the following circuit is used.
• We know that the output of AND gate will be zero if all of it’s Inputs are zero.
This phenomenon is possible only in the evening , when no LDR as well as
comparators are working.
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16. ADVANTAGES OF THIS PROJECT
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1. Easy and quick installation: The installer has to make only two connections; first the
unit is connected to the base support and then the System is mounted on the unit.
2. Scalable: The most innovative aspect of the technology is the load compensator which is not
offered in any other current solar tracking system.
3. Ease of maintenance: The product does not need regular maintenance. Standard
Low-cost components are readily interchangeable.
4. Simple Operating System: This smart system is self-calibrating and eliminates the need for
computer guidance.
5. Lower power requirements: Small size altitude motor is used resulting in low
power requirements which can be delivered through a small PV panel.
6. Low-cost components: The majority of the components used in the system are low cost,
standard products.
7. Adaptable: Can handle variable loads and/or variable wind/snow conditions.
17. CONCLUSION
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1. Solar trackers give substantial advantage fur increasing collection efficiency for solar
for solar concentrating devices like parabolic collectors arid PV panels. The advantage gained
depends upon the whether. In summer with clear sky, the efficiency of energy collection may
reach 80-90%, whereas in winter the efficiencies may be as low as 40-50%. 2. For heat to
direct electric power conversion devices solar tracking gives substantial
