Distinct Societies Developed In New England And The...

Distinct Societies Developed In New England And The...
Jacob Fine
Mr. Rhodes
12–9–15
APUSH
1.
Distinct societies developed in New England and the Chesapeake bay by 1700 due to the fact that they had different motives . From a social
perspective, New England's intent was to explore and discover new lands where they could in search of religious freedom, while the Chesapeake
society explored their new lands in a quest for material wealth. Economically, New England aimed to profit from nature, by lumbering, fishing, and
trading, yet the Chesapeake society wanted on to make their fortune through growing tobacco. From a religious standpoint, the government of New
England was created with the intent of escaping the reach and persecution of the powerful english church, while the Chesapeake region was more
focused on following traditional english religion.
2.
The French and Indian War considerably changed the economic, political, and ideological connections that bonded America and Great Britain.
Economic policies that Britain forced upon young America angered colonists leading them to refuse to consume or import british goods. The political
connection that linked America and Great Britain deteriorated as a result of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The new group born from this division of ideology was the patriots who aimed for change and wanted to disconnect themselves from the tyranny of the
rule of Great British. Opposing this new ideology, loyalists, a group that supported British rule of the colonies, benefited from an English controlled
government, and continued to aid and support the British, uniting with them in the war . Neutrals were individuals who had no strong opinions
regarding the conflict, and avoided confrontation by taking no side in the
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Health Care, Preventative Medicine, And Wellness Programs
The traditional meaning of progress is advancing toward any specific goal. A goal can vary from a promotion at work or purchasing a home to
starting a family or learning to speak a foreign language. Considering the variations in goals, how then is progress measured? Can it be universal?
Unrestricted? Or is it personal and exclusive? The term 'progress' fluctuates in meaning depending on who the term is being applied to in addition to
the sense in which it is being discussed. Medically, technologically, and socially are some manners that progress affects larger and increasingly
immense populations; nevertheless, there are countless other forms of progress, both individual and world–wide. On a universal scale, diverse groups of
people uniting and approaching a common target is progress. Because progress is never truly achieved, rather, the goal simply changes, evolution and
growth are everlasting. A countless multitude of achievements have been actualized across the globe and an infinite many more will be realized in the
future. Health care, preventative medicine, and wellness programs have extended to a considerable mass of underprivileged countries; meanwhile,
larger and wealthier nations have engineered numerous advancements in the medical field. Assorted technologies have assisted in said improvements.
Not only have these developments encouraged the medical field in generating improvements, but have also employed distinct techniques to better
connect people across the

Three Spheres of an Argument
According to Goodnight, there are three spheres of an argument. These spheres are personal, public and technical. Arguments in the personal sphere are
often unrestricted and unsophisticated interactions with family and friends. Arguments in the technical sphere are based on a specific expertise or
specialized knowledge. Arguments in the public sphere transcend private and specialized communities and engage the public at large. The public
sphere provides a forum for the resolution of controversy and for public deliberation. Goodnight (1985) theorizes: Members of "societies" and
"historical cultures" participate in vast and not altogether coherent superstructures which invite them to channel doubts through prevailing discourse
practices. In the democratic tradition, we can categorize these channels as the personal, the technical and the public spheres. "Sphere" denotes branches
of activity–the grounds upon which arguments are built and the authorities to which arguers appeal. (p.2) Goodnight contends that the independence of
each of these spheres is governed by a different set of standards and thus is distinct from each of the others. For example "the independence of the
spheres is protected by a variety of laws protecting privacy and discouraging government intervention in private affairs" (Goodnight, p.3). However, he
also suggests that the borders between these spheres are not inflexible and at times argument can exist within multiple spheres simultaneously.
Goodnight

The First Civilizations : The Rise Of Civilization
The first civilizations, the foundations for future empires, were all founded and created between 3500 B.C.E. and 500 B.C.E. by groups of nomadic
peoples who decided to settle in an area for certain group specific reasons. Some of the main states of the first civilization were Mesopotamia, Norte
Chico, Egypt, Indus Valley, China, and Olmec. The second wave civilizations, built between 500 B.C.E. and 500 C.E., included the Persians, the
Greeks, Romans, Chinese (Qin and Han), and India (Mauryan and Gupta). The first wave civilizations were sparked by the agricultural movement that
led to the settlement of large groups of people in areas that became the cities and states that formed these first civilizations. The rise of civilization led to
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The key similarities between the two waves of civilizations are important and were continued throughout history even further than the empires of
the second wave. These similarities included slavery, treatment of women, and the patriarch and monarch rulers; these similarities were intertwined
in both waves. Hierarchies of gender declared that women and men were not equal because "to be gendered as masculine or feminine defines the
roles and behavior considered appropriate for men and women in every human community." The hierarchy of gender led to the creation of
patriarchy, the concept that women are lesser or subordinate to men in all aspects of life. This idea of patriarchy meant sons were valued more than
daughters, men had more opportunities in society and with jobs, the opportunity to rule, and men were the heads of their households. However, this
wasn't true for every society, even in the first civilizations there were cities and groups of people living within some states that allowed women to do
what they wanted to do out in society. The Egyptians were a good example of equality as women were legally viewed equal to men. They were able to
own land and slaves, initiate divorce, and rarely they would reach the position of queen, the most famous being Hatshepsut. On the more extreme side,
in ancient Mesopotamia, patriarchy took root quickly in the form of actual written law. The code of Hammurabi was created in 1750 B.C.E. creating
very submissive laws for

The Veil: Definition Of Civilization
What is civilization? People have countless meanings of this word based on their personal reasoning. The book definition of civilization is the stage of
human social development and organization that is considered most advanced. Civilization is a community of people who are living together. These
people share beliefs, religion, and language. They live in the same region and come together to live more efficiently. Individuals in these communities
grow up with the common beliefs and culture of their civilizations, "they have been brought up in a certain part of the world, they have formed perhaps
quite unconsciously a deep attachment to its landscape and speech, its traditional customs, its food and drink, its songs and jokes" (Priestly 230). If the
people in these communities are attached to their region, as Priestly expresses, then they're more likely to contribute to their civilization. ... Show more
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When the people who form these communities want to work on the development of their civilization then they must contemplate ideas better than
ever before. That will guide them to being able to perform tasks more efficiently. Intelligence will develop naturally as new ways of thinking form.
There will be a variety of thought processes, beliefs, and other aspects of a civilization in different societies. They may be based on where a
civilization is located, the people of which it's composed, or simply on past events and experiences. Regardless of the reason civilizations will always
operate differently. In "The Veil" Marjane Satrapi shows how when the new leader became in charge of the society their cultures and beliefs were
completely altered. Although it didn't necessarily compare two distinct societies it can be seen how the people involved shaped the

Quebec: Distinct Society Essay
Quebec: A Distinct Society (?)
The concept of recognizing Quebec as a distinct society is an idea that has been kicking around for some time, but just what does it mean and what are
its broader implications? This paper will examine the origins of the term, what it means, and its historical context. It will then examine rival
interpretations of federalism. The essay will conclude with an in–depth examination of the concept's involvement with the failed constitutional accords
and the failed Quebec succession attempts.
The term "distinct society" was a political notion used during constitutional debates during the Meech Lake accord and the Charlottetown accord. Its
meaning is somewhat vague and controversial. In essence, it refers to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The 6 ex MPs along with Jean Lappierre (who had just left the Liberal Party) formed the Bloc Quebecois.
Quebec Separation 1980,1995
In 1980 The PQ government called a referendum asking weather Quebec should have a new agreement with the rest of Canada. The No side won by a
slim margin. In response to the referendum Pierre Trudeau promised to reform the Constitution. "Do you want "a new agreement with the rest of
Canada, based on the equality of nations"? That was the heart of the question placed before the people of Quebec in the May 20, 1980 referendum.
RenГ© LГ©vesque's Parti QuГ©bГ©cois was asking Quebecers for a mandate to negotiate "sovereignty–association", an idea that inflamed federalists
and separatists alike.
In 1995 the PQ Government led by Parizeau again flirted with the idea of "sovereignty association". The No side squeaked out a marginal victory.
""ГЂ la prochaine fois!" (Until next time!) promised RenГ© LГ©vesque after the 1980 Quebec referendum. Fifteen years later, on Oct. 30, 1995,
Quebec and the rest of Canada faced that "next time" as Quebecers decided whether to separate from Canada. Though they voted to stay by the
narrowest of margins, the referendum provoked questions about Canadian identity and Quebec's place in Confederation."
Distinct Society–Pros and Cons
Now that we have studied the history surrounding the issue of Quebec's unique place within Canada, we will explore the pros and cons of recognizing
Quebec as a

The Importance Of Religion In Colonial New England
Although European colonists traveled to colonial New England for a variety of reasons, they embraced Christianity as the primary purpose for their
journeys. Furthermore, religion had a profound effect on everyday society and political hierarchies. From enforced morality to Indian conflicts, religion
tended to destabilize numerous colonies and even led to unjustifiable atrocities like the Salem Witch Trials. Nevertheless, without a religious influence,
the timeline of New World progression and territory would have been suspended indefinitely. Becausereligion primarily influenced the establishment of
the colonies and numerous aspects of politics, it played an integral role in colonial New England society. Even with distinct religious motives splitting
the early arrivals, the settlers clearly viewed Christianity as the reason for their departure. Separatists and Puritans differed on their ultimate reason for
sailing thousands of miles from home. While Separatists wanted to completely isolate themselves from England to achieve a godly society, Puritans
desired to provide an ideal example for how English Christians should live. This early instance foreshadows the numerous interpretations of Christianity
which would lead to undesirable outcomes. However, even with these differences, religious motivation definitively proves itself as the primary factor
for travel. After these early developments, the establishment of Massachusetts Bay proved to be the most influential in

We The People And Others By John S. Furnivall
A plural society defines social structure that consist/comprises of different communities, races, cultures or other social groupings. A plural society is
formed when one or more different integrate into one singular society. Although a plural society is a grouping of differences, it seems being a plural
society only serves to make them more distinct from each other. From the early uses of the label plural society, there seems not an intention for it serve
as a complete integration, but their coexistence in a singular structure. There are many different types of plural society as there's not only the defined
different plural societies but also, the evolution of the plural society concept itself has forged different meanings for a plural society.... Show more
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In "We the People" and Others, Benjamin Bernard Ringer describes John S. Furnivall's early use of plural society "The relations between the whites
and each of the non–white groups were crystallized and stabilized even in the colonial days into a structure akin to what Furnivall labeled a plural
society in his study of tropical dependencies"(Ringer) He then proceeds to describe how this type of plural society is related to slavery and the
constitution excluded non–white from the said people's domain of the constitution, the black and native Americans continued to be treated as the
conquered or property. Also, "The structure of relations between the whites and each of the other races continued in the colonist model of a plural
society"(Ringer). Through Ringer's description, we can see the initial type of plural society only had the sense of coexistence but had no regards for
equality or rather purposefully incorporated the inequality between the different

Critically Compare and Contrast the Major Cultural and...
Critically compare and contrast the major cultural and institutional features and predominant HR policies and practices in the following regions
/countries: India and Nigeria India and Nigeria, both have earned bilateral relations among them with the passage of time. Both the countries fought
against British colonial system to get rid of British rule. Huge multi–ethnic and multi–religious society of these countries, which make them culturally
diverse, has resulted in increased and strong bilateral relations(Vasudevan, 2010). In 1958, India developed strong diplomatic mission for the
independence of Nigeria, which resulted in Nigeria's independence after two years(Wikipedia, 2013b). Cultural Features of India and Nigeria Culture
of a... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
* Power Distance With respect to power distance, both India and Nigeria stand very close to each other. On this scale India scores 77 and Nigeria
80. Higher scores of both of these countries show that these people appreciate caste system. Therefore, they strongly implement hierarchical order
in their societies. In such societies, everybody is having his own specified place. Societies are centralized with all the governing power in the
hands of higher order people. Only top to down communication is appreciated and no feedback system is introduced up the ladder. *
Individualism Indian and Nigerian societies, both show collective behavior of their people as they both have low individualism scores of 48 and
30 respectively. These societies appreciate large social networks in which each individual is bound to act according to his group members, family or
close relations. If a person fails in any respects in the sight of his group of family member he feels ashamed and is left with the feeling of emptiness.
Also recruitment and promotions of individuals are strongly associated with having good relationship rather than knowledge or ability. * Masculine
Both India and Nigeria are masculine countries with scores of 56 and 60, respectively. Societies showing masculine behavior are effort oriented. They
only believe in success. The one who

Exile As A Catalyst For Self Reflection And Personal...
Exile is one of the most severe punishments, yet it is a catalyst for self reflection and personal development. Aldous Huxley 's World State is presented
through the interactions of characters who are, at some degree, exiled. Whether physically, or metaphysically, these characters find isolation to be as
punishing as it is insightful. One particular individual, John, stands among the rest of the characters as one who society rejects. In Malpais, John was
ostracized as the son of a promiscuous, "New World–er". In London, John was never truly "accepted" by society as an equal, but rather looked at "like
a piece of meat". John 's position between civilizations allows him to develop a unique position on society. Through his experiences with social
rejection, John develops as one of the most complex characters in literature. John illuminates the meaning of the work through serving as a unique
human character that the reader can identify with. His thoughts and actions, bold, as they are self–destructive, give a unique view of of a human
society without humanity. John dwells not within the society of Malpais, which rejects him for his heritage, nor within London, which rejects him for
his misguided idealism. Instead, John finds sanctum in what he learns from Shakespearean literature. The rift developed between John and his
birthplace on the savage reservation represents his exile from a "normal" society to the World State 's, "perfect" society. John 's unwillingness to be with

The Most Important Characteristics Of A Civilization
The Most Important Characteristics Of A Civilization According to National Geographic a civilization is a "society with highly developed culture and
technology."Every civilization has distinct characteristics in a common. For example, they have organized Central Government /Complex Institution,
Job Specialization,Cities, Art and Architecture Technology , and Writing / Recording Keeping. Historians do not agree on how many characteristics are
essential to success of a civilization. After analyzing all the characteristics, I believe that Organized CentralGovernment / Complex Institution,Job
Specialization,and Art and Architecture / Technology.
Organized Central Government. The Organized Central Government is where " Such things as a wall to protect from attack or canal to aid in irrigation
would help insure the survival of people."Written by the Eight Features of Civilization. They are standing up for those out there that are hurt and need
help and protection."The food supplies and irrigation systems needed to be maintained. Governments, such as councils or religious leaders, began to
oversee the business and existence of the cities."Written by the Eight Features of a Civilization. They are standing up for what they believe in in this
quote they are saying that there is too much taking over their businesses. This quote is important because this is what they

Greek Vs Roman Gladiators
Civilizations are comprised of basic building blocks such as people, society, agriculture and other surrounding aspects that define how great or advanced
one truly is. Many components dictate the outcome, yet not one is more important than the other as they both have their own benefits and
disadvantages. During 600 BCE to 600 CE, multicultural empires began surfacing and taking shape; two of these being Rome and Greece. Each
distinct and portraying different characteristics that made them unique, these empires were birthed by their own geographical features, cultural factors,
major leaders and their contributions to society, political structures, and the empires method of expansion of power and territory. Rome was an
exuberant republic that... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Starting with a working senate which around 300 patricians (ending with 900 patricians and plebeians), the senate oversaw financial and foreign
policies. However, they were not able to legalize these policies, only to give opinions on these matters (Acrobatiq, 2017). Eventually, four
legislative assemblies were put into place with each having its own role (enforcing the law, war decisions, etc.). However, when the republic of
Rome was established consuls were created to take executive action over matters regarding the state and the judicial system was established to
determine city moral and consequences. The consuls partook in matters of law enforcement, religious laws, and war actions. Essentially, the emperor
was the highest political power in Rome who held control over all these offices. Although, he was the highest power, he still was influenced by those
in the senate and consul to make decisions because that is what he was bound by in action. The senate was existed and was ruled by the emperor as
eventually everything else diminished and governors were appointed over states to enforce law, collect taxes, and undertake a census (Acrobatiq,

Happiness In Chris Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451, By Chris...
Happiness: an idea so abstract and intangible that it requires one usually a lifetime to discover. Many quantify happiness to their monetary wealth,
their materialistic empire, or time spent in relationships. However, others qualify happiness as a humble campaign to escape the squalor and
dilapidation of oppressive societies, to educate oneself on the anatomy of the human soul, and to locate oneself in a world where being happy
dissolves from a number to a spiritual existence. Correspondingly, Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 and Krakauer's Into the Wild illuminate the struggles of
contentment through protagonists, which venture against norms in their dystopian or dissatisfying societies to find the virtuous refuge of happiness.
Manifestly, societal assimilation, familial antagonism, and communal ethnocentrism all catalyze one's ordained crusade to pursuit the empirical
element of happiness.
One commonality both protagonists share is that of their natural or influenced inclination to reject societal assimilation in gamble for happiness. Chris
McCandless explains that people are too "conditioned to a life of security, conformity, and conservatism," and though such conditions are comforting, a
"secure future" is "damaging to the adventurous spirit" (Krakauer 57). Evidently, people today are too cowardly to interrupt the stability and economic
construction of their lives in exchange for an unsecured and wagered life of exploration, adventure, and liberty. Moreover, Krakauer also

The Han And Roman Attitudes Towards Technology
Han and Roman Attitudes Towards Advancement The Han and Roman worlds were two of the largest and most complex early empires composed of
different cultures, political systems, languages, beliefs, and ways of living. However, they had a few similarities; one of which is the introduction of
various technologies during the first and second millennium. The Han in China and Romans in the Mediterranean experienced a time period of
expansion in which they began to develop technology such as metallurgy and water systems to aid in military conquests and practical purposes.
Although both Han and Roman had definite appreciation towards technology, the Han attitude towards technology was more glorifying in its
effectiveness and utility; while the roman attitude was less glorifying as they focused on technology to display their civilizations advancements, while
they neglected to glorify those who worked with tools. Han's attitude towards technology was appreciative, glorified technology when its is supported
by the government, and believed technology is essential for the empire. The Roman attitude includes inferiority of tools, aestheticism as main use of
technology, and less glorification and importance on technology. Hans appreciation towards technology is depicted in their usage to improve society by
making it run more efficiently. For instance, In document 3 & 4 the authors, both scholar and government official, convey the benefits of the mortar
and pestle; and water powered

Steven Johnson's Everything Bad Is Good For You
Hank Moody once said "People seem to be getting dumber and dumber. You know, I mean we have all this amazing technology..." Unfortunately, this
is a common way of thinking; assuming that society as a whole is just becoming dumber as time progresses. However, contrary to popular belief,
people are not dumbing down. In fact, just the opposite is true, and in his book Everything Bad is Good For You, Steven Johnson explains how as
time progresses, Americans in general are becoming smarter without even noticing it. Johnson calls it the sleeper curve, and although he doesn't
explicitly define it, it is basically a theory that suggests that there are subconscious benefits to the increase in complexity of everyday things like
movies, TV shows, and video games. Essentially, in the book, Everything Bad is Good For You, by Steven Johnson, Johnson just explains how modern
media is gradually becoming more complicated,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Johnson also talks about technology as a whole. In the past 15 years or so, technology has grown at an exponential rate. Everyday, new technologies
are being released that become a staple in today's pop culture (175). Johnson claims that because of this, people are learning how to operate devices
without even looking at the manual. This is a clear sign that the problem solving skills of people in general have increased. "They've learned
general rules for probing and exploring a piece of technology, rules that come in handy no matter what model VCR you put in front of them" (177).
This idea manifests itself in different ways. It allows things like video game designers to withhold rules of the game, and requires players to figure it
out through playing, or from prior knowledge in games (178). Because technology nowadays is so complicated, just the fact that people are able to do
this is astounding, and really emphasizes the Sleeper

Technological Advancements Affecting Social Classes
Additionally, the role of government in (either promoting or regulating) technological and scientific advancement has contributed to the stratification of
society into distinct social classes (some of which suffer very much because of it). In many ways, the technological revolution and its consequences
have been a disaster for the citizens of the lower social classes. Technological advances made people's lives easier and faster, but they also led to the
creation of large amounts of wealth as well as, more importantly, the unequal distribution of that wealth. This is something that might not be as readily
apparent in modern society since social classes are so embedded how people think about the world, but, without technological advancements,

Religion In Aral's The Door
The story 'Assimilation' therefore, serves as a way of showing the negative impact of religion on women. The view that women need to assimilate into
the roles designed for them in society is also a prominent aspect of the text. The main characters unwillingness to assimilate, is what ultimately leads to
her falling into trouble. This notion could symbolize religion and the belief notion of disobeying God. Women's portrayal in religion is immensely
different than that of men. This portrayal of women in the majority of religions text is more negative than, that of men. This notion has become
embedded in society and therefore Aral's critique of the role of religion in society is greatly exemplified in the little girls relationship with the ... Show
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Uyar's story explores the matter of religion and its effect on society in a positive light. Uyar's portrays the reality of a life without religion and
spirituality as immensely, powerful and dull. In the beginning of the story the author references a "Ruined church" "The poppies on the hill by the
ruined church had just opened, the chill of the nights had quite disappeared, the ferry boat come only twice a week..." This intentional referenced to a
ruined church in the beginning of the story symbioses the demise of religion and religious spirituality in Turkey. The reference to the 'ruined church' is
the only direct reference to religion or any religious matter, which exemplifies the state in which the community regards religion. The story circulates
around a peculiar group of individuals that decide to visit the same hotel every year. The guests at the hotel seem to be enthralled with gossip and a
multitude of trivial matters such the arrival of any new guest or in fact the reading materials that the other guests decide to

Factors That Affect The Combined Analysis Of Sa And Iud
In this section, we present a four–step methodology to quantify distinct factors that affect the combined analysis of SA and IUD in real domains, as
well as the potential benefits of this type of analysis. Basically, the proposed methodology takes into account the domain 's temporal dynamics, the
sampling sensitivity of the methods and the observed reciprocity between the collective opinion and opinions propagated by opinion–leaders. Through
this methodology, we intend to quantify some important issues related to combine SA and IUD. We are not assuming a closed and complete
assessment on all existing issues, which comprise promising research directions for the area.looseness=–1
subsection{Temporal Dynamics Analysis}
A main ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, we derive the collective opinion $O$ of a whole data sample $D$, using a SA method existing in the literature. Specifically, we adopt in this work
the method SACI cite{jws2015}. SACI is relevant to our goal since it was originally proposed for estimating efficiently collective sentiment on data
samples, instead of aggregating the sentiment derived for each individual document. Further, the authors demonstrated that SACI is more effective in
estimating the collective opinion than aggregation–based SA methods. SACI represents $O$ as a distribution probability among the sentiment classes
positive, negative and neutral. Thus, we split $D$ into time units of equal size (e.g., days, weeks, months). Then, we estimate the collective opinion
$O_t$ using only the posts belonging to each distinct time unit $t$. Finally, we perform a visual inspection on the derived distributions. The more
dynamic a domain, the more different are opinions estimated on distinct time units.looseness=–1
In turn, we measure drifts on the subset of opinion–leaders over time as follows. First, we identify the ordered list $L$ of top–k opinion–leaders on
$D$ by using an IUD method. Specifically, we use the presented in cite{iccs2015}, a meta–learning strategy based on PCA that combines linearly
orthogonal information exploited by distinct state–of–the–art IUD methods. We will call this method as PCA–IUD. We chose PCA–IUD since it
combines

Iranian Women In Public Spaces
However, this was not the case, and those who followed the Koran and a neo–conservative way of thinking welcomed women into the workplace in
larger percentages than would be expected. Amir–Ebrahimi, a scholar on women's physical role in the public in the Middle East supports this by
saying "This frequent presence in the different public spaces gave women a new consciousness about themselves and their individual and citizen rights
in the society." These changes can also be attributed to the want of women to continue life in the public sphere, and to show the government that they
would not become disenfranchised, but rather they would embed the idea of women being an important pillar in Tehranian public life and culture. By
looking at how Tehranian women navigated the physicalpublic space in Tehran, one could see how they sought to establish themselves in public life
outside of politics:
"Although since the revolution Iranian women have experienced much more governmental control on their appearance... and behavior in public, they
have been actively participating in public spaces by re–appropriating the existing places. In fact, the number of traditional women using public spaces
has dramatically increased after the revolution. Young Iranian women have specifically made use of enclosed, privatized spaces... that are mostly
modern in their design and the activities offered."
Authors and Iranian women alike bring up the fact that the forced implementation of covered dress in public spaces and the ... Show more content on
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Whether it be from feeling more comfortable in public because of an increased sense of anonymity put in place by the required head–coverings, or
using the new laws as a reason to speak out against their government, the presence of women in the public sphere increased after the implementation of
an Islamic, theocratic

The Eltanin Civilizations, The Civilizations Of The Middle...
Welcome to Crash Course Civilizations 101! Today we will discuss one of the most prominent civilizations of the middle kingdom, the Eltanin
civilization. Now before we jump in let's talk about what exactly is a civilization. Textbook definition defines it as: the process by which a society or
place reaches an advanced stage of social development and organization, but a civilization is more than just that. It is the culture a group of people
possesses which is sustained over a period of time which shapes history in one way or another. Most civilizations all stemmed from one life changing
event, the agricultural revolution. As the first agricultural revolution occurred from 10,000 BC to 2000 BC, people started to settle and cultivate land
by planting crops and raising animals. Although blossoming from different areas around the world, they all had certain similar aspects such as
developing unique ways of supporting themselves and upholding their society. The start of this transition is known as the middle kingdom. Today we
will be discussing one of the most prominent civilizations of the middle kingdom, the Eltanin civilization, who lasted what scientists like to call, A
LONG TIME..Before we dive into who they were and how they impacted history, let's talk about how they originated.
The Eltanin civilization originated from the foothills of the Andes Mountains in 2055 BC, where they migrated northeast to modern day south Brazil
and north Argentina, slowly transitioning

The Public Sphere Within Theatre
The Public Sphere within theatre was a concept that was first delineated by philosopher Jurgen Habermas in his book titled The structural
transformation of the public sphere, in which he refers to the right that all citizens hold, the right to participate and engage into discussions on public
matters of interest and public issues. Habermas writes: "the audience does not constitute a space for spectators and listeners but a space for speakers
and addresses who engage in debate." (Habermas in Balme 2012). The Public sphere has now become a space, a stage, for performers, speakers and
protesters to have a voice rather than for the preliminary use of entertainment for the audience, spectators and listeners.
On reading Christopher B. Balme's The theatrical public sphere, the concept of theatre's role in the Public Sphere is explored. Balme traces the origins
Academic and artistic interest in something is usually a sure sign that matters are unclear, conceptual boundaries are blurred and that old certainties are
anything but that. There is also little doubt that the major challenges we face: the media revolution, globalization and migration, climate change, the
erosion of public finances and services (to name just a few) – have all in some way a bearing on the public sphere, the realm where issues are debated
and where citizens are free to enter and engage in discourse. As the public sphere is primarily a discursive arena located outside and between state
bureaucracies on the one hand and economics and business on the other, it occupies a crucial role in the functioning of so–called free societies. The
question to be explored here is what role theatre and performance in practice play in this realm and how performance and theatre theory can contribute
to the debates." (Balme

Ethics And The New Genetics Analysis
Technological developments are growing fast and individuals can not live without technology in the modern society. People all have their moral
compass and ethical boundary which limit their behaviors. As technology is widely used, the connection between technology and ethics is getting
inseparably associated. In the article "Ethics and the New Genetics" by Tenzin Gyatso, he mentions the genetic engineering field's benefit and potential
harms which lead people to consider the relationship between ethics and technology. He argues that technological development advances individuals'
lives and also pushes the envelope which leads people to shrink the ethical lines and is harmful to human societies. Thus, technology is the pivotal point
of humans' moral responsibilities.Although ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Both articles discuss the relationship between burgeoning technology and human ethics and put human morality in the critic position because of the
unprecedented technologies. Even though technologies tremendously alter human societies and push humans' ethics borderlines, people still need to
hold their ethical boundaries and define their human values to positively contribute to the society. Individuals need to keep their moral compass and
clearly realize about the relationship between technology and ethics, even though technology can advance their lives. As the technology develops,
people are facing a serious gap between human morality and the quick development of new technology. Unfortunately, ethical development cannot
easily catch up with the speed of technological progress. Thus, people are at the critical point of moral responsibility. Gyatso thinks the relationship is
an "unprecedented acquisition of knowledge and power that places us in a critical position at this time. The higher the level of knowledge and power,
the greater must be our sense of moral responsibility"(133). People have a dilemma that

Spheres in Scarlet Letter Essay
It was once said that "the only living societies are those which are animated by inequality and injustice." A man named Paul Claudel wrote this in his
work, Conversations dans le Loir–et–Cher, and he criticizes the ability to have a functional society. Societies are meant to organize the values of
people into a system with uniform laws and expectations; however, societies can never fully achieve this. Claudel only sees societies with
dysfunctional characteristics like inequality and injustice. There are always exceptions to the social order because all people are individuals with
different life experiences that help define who they are. Nathaniel Hawthorne also criticizes the Utopian ideals that societies often hold in his novel, The
This furthers the idea that Hester is completely ostracized from society because even those that are naГЇve of the letter's meaning will not accept her.
Hawthorne illustrates the isolation Hester experiences, as a result of wearing the scarlet letter, with the symbol of the sphere. Along with the negative
aspects of isolation, Hester realizes that being in her own sphere takes away many societal pressures to conform to a set of beliefs. When Hester
starts to come back in contact with society, she still feels as if she does not belong. Hester feels that all contact she has with others demonstrates that
she is "as much alone as if she inhabit[s] another sphere" (74). Even though she is physically in contact with others, Hester is still alone. She no
longer has to conform to the beliefs of her Puritan town because she "communicate[s] with the common nature" in different ways than "the rest of
human kind" (74). Because she is isolated, Hester "[stands] apart from [society's] moral interests, yet close beside them," meaning she can take a step
back to look at the views of the majority, but she has the option to make her own choices (74). Even though she feels separated from society, Hester
can still feel the influence of its beliefs. This idea is also illustrated with the location of Hester's

The Power Of Love Encodes Our World
Michael Jay Lemon
Dr. Stephen A. Ogden
LIBS 7015: World Mythologies
18 August 2014
The Power of Love Encodes Our World
Imagine yourself in a world in which the profound emotional need of affectionate love was non–existent. If that world somehow came to existence,
what would then be the purpose and meaning of our lives? Now ask yourself, could you live a life with no purpose? Although the purpose of life is
entirely subjective to each individual, a reoccurring theme of love has been expressed through stories over thousands of years suggesting that the need
for love is deeply rooted within our very own being. Metamorphoses, a Latin narrative poem written by Roman poet Ovid, draws attention to change
and social cohesion mainly by transfiguring characters within the poems. By examining Ovid's Metamorphoses, specifically Book IX, glimpses of
social cohesion through the reoccurrence theme of love have been brought to light. Ovid bases these poems on deep emotions of affection contrary to
rational thinking while suggesting an encoded purpose of life: the need and search for deep affectionate love. While examining the poems within Book
IX one can understand that a flashing insight into love encodes our world through the fundamental relationship between the sexes and therefore unifies
our society by creating a sense of identity and purpose. Examining these two encodings will exemplify the understanding and discovery of what
suggests as being the purpose of life. Although the poems

How Is Kurtz Justified In A Civilized Society
Our expectations as a citizen of civilized society varies through time. 300 years ago, it was socially acceptable to own a slave, to hang
homosexuals and women were only allowed to cook, clean and tend to the children. In 2016 things changed. Society changed. You are now
expected to not own slaves or discriminate anyone due to their race or sexual orientation. Most people we look at as evil today, they were revered
as heroes in their time. People are also driven to extreme measures by their society and are told that what they are doing is justified. In Conrad's Heart
of Darkness, Kurtz was coerced by the European Society to exploit the Africans of their resources and to enslave them. In Shakespeare's Macbeth, he
was influenced by his very violent... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though he was withered away as a shell of his former self, Kurtz from Heart of Darkness still had a large amount of followers. Macbeth on
the other hand was known as a tyrant to his people and was driving the country to the ground. The name Kurtz itself has it's own legacy that people
seemed to gravitate towards. Almost everyone that Marlow met knew or admired Kurtz in some way shape or form, even Marlow was unable to
resist his gravitational pull. Even The accountant commented, "he is a very remarkable person" referring to Kurtz (16). And Marlow even said,
"Mr. Kurtz was a 'universal genius" (24). Almost all of the Europeans marveled at Kurtz's aptitude for ivory, and because of the European society
at this time, Kurtz was seen as a hero. He was widely respected because of his supernatural ability to harvest ivory faster than any other man.
Because his society valued this trait, Kurtz was able to win the approval of the European people. Kurtz not only gained the acceptance of the
Europeans, he was also able to become a "god" in the African society as well. He was so well–known that "the chiefs came every day to see him. They
would crawl..."(53). Kurtz had become so powerful in this African society that chiefs, other powerful men, would crawl in his presence. The fact
that these leaders were doing this for him, a foreigner to the land, showed how much respect he had earned from the natives. Kurtz enjoyed seeing
this. He enjoyed seeing others crawl in his presence and actually the Africans didn't mind either. Kurtz had a bad "superiority complex" and felt he
was too good for the others at the stations so he decided to make his own camp and rule it with his loyal subjects. He was so influential to his
followers they would kill each other and strip away their resources for him. On the day of his departure Kurtz's Intended came to the bank with Kurtz's
native followers, "She put out her hands,

Ap World History Research Paper
n classical civilization, common was the expansion of territory and the need to integrate them.
Integration sought the elements of politics, institutions, cultures, and commercial connections.
They had to adjust to their expansion.
550 – 400 BCE Pioneering thinkers emerged from all 3 civils.
Buddha, Socrates, & Confucius & Laozi. They distinct from one another.
Common societal values a civilization could build upon
China urged for centralization esp. in politics. while India & Medit. used the diversity of local rule.
India used religion to unite the civilization beyond politics.
Despite Medit. accomplishments culturally, the people weren't as involved.
A weakness when Rome collapsed politically.
Territory
E.g. China focused on its new ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Axum & Ethiopia had trade connections w/ Medit. for centuries after Rome
Merchants converted people to Judaism (e.g. Ethiopians)
Merchants who could speak German brought Christianity to Ethiopia which became isolated
Ethiopia had unbroken monarchy til abolishment in late 20th century
Iron spread impacting growth of agri. Unknown whether strong kingship derived from tradition in Kush. Kush writing didn't expand.
Kushite, the 1st civil. below Sahara, had a limited influence.
Until 500 CE, agriculture which spread slowly. Villages were organized. Farming in S Sahara.
Nearing end of classical period, imp. local rule emerged including Ghana, the 1st major one.
The well–established agri. economy paved the way for many African kindgoms (W Nile).
N Europe & Japan
Both hadn't been influenced by great civilizations

Japan est. large–scale agri. Experts in iron–working. Obeyed the law, drank, & practiced social diffs.
Korean migrations for 200,000 yrs until 200
Regional w/ tribal leaders & a god seen to be an ancestor. Came to rule grander territories.
400 CE – Korean scribes were brought for record–keeping
Shintoism
Leaders & spirits were worshipped, esp. rice

The And The Word Of Land By Daisy Miller
Daisy Miller examines European high society throughout the 1870s. The societal norms are placed firmly in the beliefs of the class system, social
status, and education: all of which are needed in order to successfully assimilate into the world of the upper class. Henry James makes it clear that
these norms make up the lives of the high society through his characterization of the "uncultivated" Daisy Miller. Daisy's character is questionable
throughout the novella, and the word "uncultivated" has been necessary to coming to that conclusion. Throughout Daisy Miller the word
"uncultivated" is a key component to grasping the complexities of Daisy's character. "Uncultivated" appears a total of four times: twice in each part.
Its meaning is not being highly educated and socially adept. Daisy proves to be unrefined throughout the novella. According to Winterbourne it's,
"impossible to regard her as a perfectly well–conducted young lady," due to her rendezvous about town. Daisy insists on going around with unknown
men, stays out all hours of the night, and employs Americanized standards. The first and second time "uncultivated" appears is within the same
paragraph when Winterbourne is speaking with his Aunt about Daisy. He states, "she is completely uncultivated...but she is wonderfully pretty, and, in
short, very nice," giving the reader a distinct idea of Daisy Miller's character and how she is received. Winterbourne's Aunt, Mrs. Costello, responds
swiftly that he, "better not

Compare And Contrast River Valley Civilizations
Civilization didn't always start out the way it is today. There was a lot of bloodshed and conquering of other societies and cultures. As it is,
civilizations didn't even emerge until around 3500 BCE. Before agricultural civilizations were formed, there were early agricultural societies that had
different beliefs and ways of living. When civilization emerged, so did many rulers and empires. Some of these empires were better than others and
some were just downright awful. There are also many cultures and beliefs from these historical empires that have stuck in today's modern society. The
term civilization is used throughout history within different countries, states, and time periods. It has two main meanings and one of them is that ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Persian Empire became very massive due to the leadership from Cyrus the Great and took in many different languages and cultures. Cyrus
conquered many different territories along the Anatolia and a number of nomadic tribes. He was a gentle and strong ruler who had the respect of the
people. There were developments of roads, regular postal services, inns, and regulated tax collections. The Persian Empire was also at the center of
an emerging religion. The religion, Zoroastrianism, became a major religion and it's the belief that people pick one of two sides and then let a final
judgement decide their fate. This religion became much more spiritual than the Greek's religion and through the years, the Persian religion survived as
well as the language and the

Compare And Contrast Ancient Egypt And Ancient China
Today's society emerged from the civilizations of many thousands of years ago. Most of the practices devised centuries ago are still in use today.
China, for instance, is of the oldest civilization in the world; Emperors ruled the dynasties. Similarly, Egypt was ruled by the Pharaoh. During the
ancient time, China and Egypt had almost similar technological advancements. Ancient Egyptian and Ancient Chinese technological advancements
lasted thousands of years since its inventions and are still used even today. Since China and Egypt were both isolated, they developed a strong focus
on technology as well as strong religious beliefs and advancements in agriculture that led them to achieve a high degree of success.
Ancient Egyptians invented simple ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Correspondingly, soil in the Nile region was fertile, and it boosted agricultural produce greatly which in turn had a positive impact on trade. The Nile
flood deposited silt after the water subsided from flooding that only ploughing was necessary to spread and break up the soil before planting (2001).
In other countries, heavy ploughs were required to overturn the soil in order to get fertile nutrients. Cows were used for ploughing and light built
ploughs were tied to the horns of the cattle. A helper usually led the animals while ploughing. This system of ploughing using animals is still practiced
because it's cheap. With the invention of the plow, the grain harvest was efficient. China has a glorious history, and its agricultural past was no
exception. Most of the China was fertile; therefore agriculture flourished. Row planting was discovered in China, and it fostered the growth of modern
day crops. Row planting facilitated efficient planting, weeding and watering and harvesting. The seed drill created while the ancient China enabled
uniform depth of seed when planted. The invention of the iron moldboard plows and adjustable strut that could set the depth of the plow was a
necessary prerequisite in sparking food abundance. With significant development in agricultural advancements, China and Egypt improved trade, food,
and modern agricultural

Social Justice in Conseling
Social justice in counseling represents the process of reaching out to individuals with regard to the fair treatment of all. There are many aspects to
consider within the interaction between counselor and client in order to provide the most fairest treatment available. These aspects are derived from
the dynamics of the goals and process of the counseling session and constituted by policy and law development. The goals and processes are focused
upon embodying individual and family systems and the policies and law development is developed through advocacy of making the focus more just
and equal to the communities and society at large. Counseling professionals who are established in providing social justice in their framework focus
upon the principles of harmony, access, equity, and participation when developing interventions and programmatic responses to the needs of their
clients. The interventions and programmatic responses are designed to be comprehensive and preventive in nature. Harmony occurs when the needs of
the individuals produce results creating for better outcomes society as a whole, which establishes a societal balance. Societal balance is maintained
when the needs of individuals and minority groups are taken into account and placed into action. Access to social justice occurs when clients and those
within the family system are provided with power, knowledge, information, services, and resources critical to healthy development and
self–determination.

Working Environment Gatherings Are Turning Out
Working environment gatherings are turning out to be more basic in today 's associations. Organizations are looking for the cooperative energy that
creates when individuals meet up to take a shot at a task
A group unites people with comparative hobbies and destinations. Cooperation starts with, and manufactures connections among, a gathering of
individuals who offer a typical intrigue or reason. Working in groups permits people from diverse regions (e.g. projects, raising support, and
advertising) with distinctive parts (staff, volunteer, and customer/purchaser/client) and maybe from diverse associations to cooperate on issues of
enthusiasm to colleagues.
A group centers its work on normal destinations and discovering answers for shared ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"A Model of TaskGroup Development in Complex Organizations and a strategy of Implementation" J. Stephen Heinen, Eugene Jacobson(1976) said
More successful utilization of little gatherings or groups in an association has been recommended as a method for expanding inspiration at work,
through promising more prominent association and self–rule in choice making, and for adapting to the dynamic complexities of hierarchical life.
Hierarchical and mechanical clinicians have been keen on the comprehension and use of little gathering procedures in associations from Hawthorne
researches and Lewin 's effort on team choice making.
I feel group development is the one the important thing in organizations and building a team is always plays key role in group development as well as
organizational development that four stage model is perfectly suitable for group development in an organization. They are forming, differentiation,
integration, and full maturity. Obliging variables are considered.
Likert is a one of the most famous proponent of the advancement of successful work groups. He also agrees the significance of a very much created
team and the importance of team building in the perfect firm model. He suggested some properties and execution attributes of the perfect team, yet does
not verbalize the phases of team advancement or the procedures by which a work team adds to these qualities. organization improvement discussions
considers most often group

Promise In Brave New World
Who defines peril and promise? (Add static to conclusion) When a new technology is created there are two distinct parties who define whether it is
full of promise or peril: the creator and those who are affected by the creation. The definition used by each party varies massively on the technology
that was developed. The creator of a new technology is often the first person to determine whether or not it will bring peril to society. In almost every
case, the technology is constructed with the intentions of promise, bringing a net benefit to society.
Brave New World: In the novel Brave New World, the ability to influence the future life of a person through experimentation on a fetus was developed.
This ability, without outside influence, could ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Earth receives an encrypted message from an alien world and in an effort to discover it's meaning, nations of the world join together.
"The moment the Americans and the Soviets decided to collaborate and the Memorandum of Agreement was solemnly signed, every nation with a
radio telescope had agreed to cooperate. This was a kind of World Message Consortium." (118)
The reception of an alien message could result in any number of reactions from the population of America, but Sagan chose to have the world work
together to overcome this issue. Aliens represent a threat outside of the human race, something completely external and uninfluenced by the actions of
mankind. This is why the scientific advancement of contact aliens is seen as full of promise for our society: because the threat is not something we
created ourselves, but a threat we are responding to.

The Role Of Technology In American Culture
Technology plays a prominent role in today's society. In fact, an apparent characteristic of American culture appears to be its reliance on technology,
which is supported by the frequency of which average Americans use electronic devices. Smart phones, for example, are commonly used for a
variety of purposes, such as: functioning as an alarm clock, to check emails, to send messages and make phone calls, to observe traffic in their area,
to view weather, even to do tasks at work. Several people argue that this reliance on technology should be viewed negatively due to its impacts on
society. It is often believed that, while preoccupied with their devices, people neglect social interaction or are taught to be indolent. However,
alternative views ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the mid–1400's, people collected novels and spent hours reading in their libraries (Unwin). The same effect occurred with the printing of the
newspaper in the late 1600's (Breig), and again with the development of stationary and portable gaming systems in the mid–1900's (Kudler). Causes of
social issues change with each generation. Therefore, it is imperative to understand that future generations will be brought up in a different world than
the last had. With each new generation, there will be new technology, different issues, and dissimilar methods of upbringing, however none of this is
should be viewed negatively; this change throughout time indicates progression of society towards sophistication and worldliness. Although it may
appear as though the youngest generation is excessively reliant on technology, they and future generations will learn to use technology in moderation
as past generations have. Moreover, it is ironic to blame technology for the lack of social interaction in this day and age when social media is such a
popular concept; particularly, when social media is in the form of an app and can be accessed at any moment from a smart phone. Countless
individuals are able to communicate with friends with whom they haven't spoken to in five or more

A Study Of The Nuer Of Southern Sudan And The American...
What is order? What does it mean to have power? Stateless societies have long fascinated western anthropologists because of how different their
political system is. Understanding different forms of power other than the western coercive power helps anthropologists to understand how power
creates social order. Through a study of the Nuer of Southern Sudan and the American tribes of South America political power how order is created
within stateless societies can be understood. Although these two communities are highly dissimilar they provide contrasting examples of how stateless
societies are ordered. By limiting the discussion to these two examples it is hoped that the discussion set forth does not confuse the reader but rather
makes clear... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Nuerland the tribe is divided into three separate groups. These will be referred to as primary, secondary and tertiary sections. They are all segments
of each other as the primary is a segment of a tribe, secondary segment of the primary, and tertiary segment of the secondary (Evens–Prichard, 1940).
Members of these segments only regard themselves as a member of that segment in relation to segments of the same kind (Evens–Prichard, 1940). For
the Nuer there is always an inconsistency between definitions of your political group as your membership is only determined by your non–membership
of other groups (Evens–Prichard, 1940, p. 282). Specifically, in Nuerland, the tribal system is relative. It cannot be described in the terms of a political
morphology as their relations are so dynamic.
Similarly, the Nuer segment themselves through a lineage systems. The Nuer clan is a highly segmented system in the same way as the tribal system.
The clan is segmented into the maximal lineages which separate in major lineages which go into minimal which turn into minor lineages
(Evens–Prichard, 1940, pp. 286–287). Similarly to the tribal system lineages are only distinct groups in relation to each other. Although every Nuer
village is related to a lineage this does not mean that members of the lineage are only found within a single localised community. Rather Nuer clans are
dispersed throughout many villages and one may find representatives of many clans within a

Similarities Between Mormonism And Rastafarians
Religion as a collective is constantly moving, changing, evolving. With the introduction of New Religious Movements, pluralism, globalization and
glocalization, interfaith initiatives it seems safe to say that religion will forever remain fluid and changing, as faiths adapt to culture, society, and the
needs of their followers they will not die out. I believe that Mormonism and Rastafarians show this with great abundance.
While both Rastafarians and Mormonism share a good amount of similar thoughts, they also cater to very separate demographics. I realize in writing
that statement how counterintuitive it sounds, thus, first we will explore how Rastafi and Mormons are similar in their faiths.
Both the Mormon and Rastafarian movements cater to very specific demographics. Mormonism caters to those who believe that the Christian Church
lost it's way after the death of Christ, "and restore what the Mormons consider true Christianity, as opposed to apostasy (abandonment of principles)
which they feel characterizes the Christian churches. (1)" While Rastafari caters to an ethnic group that has experienced severe oppression at the
hands of 'Babylon', "they intend to revive the 'Way of the Ancients,' their concept of the lost civilization of precolonial Africa, and to free people of
African extraction from subservience. (2)" ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(1)"

House Of Mirth Character Analysis
In Edith Wharton's, The House of Mirth, there is an unapologetic use of people as a a sign value in society. As Lily interacts with others, she is
evaluated for her worth; Gus Trenor puts down real money in order to buy Lily's companionship and Rosedale desires her to be his wife, but it is
primarily so that they can increase their social status. However, men are not the only ones to use people in this way. Lily evaluates the men on the
market, looking to gain a husband to support her expensive lifestyle. Lily's inability to follow through and marry the wealthy men she captivates is
contrasted with the actions of the other women, making Lily the outlier of this society rather than the norm. By exploring the events and language
within The House of Mirth, the way in which people are used to maintain or increase social status becomes clear, further distinguished by some key
difference in regards to gender roles. Gus Trenor's use of language goes through a distinct change during his late night conversation with Lily. The
dialogue begins with the usual civilities, but as Lily becomes uneasy with the situation Gus's language shifts into a more business driven tone. It is
possible the shift comes because he is accustomed to the language though his job, but it is more likely because he views women as commodities. First,
he confronts Lily for not wanting to spend as much time with his as she does Judy and for not giving him attention at the "vulgar party" (Wharton 142)
he lowered

Institutional Systems And The Selection Pressures Of...
There are various institutional systems that are part of our world. Population, production, regulation, distribution and reproduction are all forces that
create potential problems that lead to the creation of institutional systems. In other words, institutional systems are created because of the given
selection pressures. The main goal of any institution is to provide solutions for selection pressures, many of them can even help to resolve multiple
issues. For example, when it is needed to reproduce biologically and culturally, the institution of kinship aids to resolve the pressures of reproduction. In
the same way, when it is needed to regulate the individuals in society, religion could help fulfill the selection pressures of regulation. Education, like
kinship, helps to reproduce culturally and also regulate the roles of individuals. Just like these three institutions, the others also play a role in resolving
other selection pressures. Kinship, religion and education, however, will be the main focus of this paper given that they are the institutions that mainly
aid to the selection pressures of reproduction, population and regulation. Kinship is the institution that resolves the issue of reproduction (until the
population gets large). As stated previously, a society needs to reproduce biologically, social structurally and culturally. The explanation that Turner
provides for kinship is that it allows "marriage and blood ties organized into structures and mediated by

Gilgamesh Categories
As we look back in time, ages ago, humans had organized ways of living. Scientist have found that it is easiest to classify their body into seven
categories. These categories consist of urban focus, new political and military structures, new social structure based on economic power, the
development of more complexity in a material sense, a distinct religious structure, the development of writing, and new and significant artistic and
intellectual activity. Each of these categories played a key role in the effectiveness in which their societies were ran. We have been able to find
evidence from as far back as 250,000 years ago. In the beginning the societies that developed up in Mesopotamia were agriculturally centered. They
were not very populated. At first we relied primarily on our own skills of hunting animals for their meet and picking berries and plants along the way.
Which forced the Hunter–Gatherers from the Paleolithic Age to continually be on the move. Eventually they learned the glory of cultivating their own
crops and growing the food for... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By taking a reed stylus they would create dents in clay. We can still see their writing today because the clay was able to preserve the work. They
kept records on the clay, but eventually brought writing into the schools, government and military. These people would share stories, including
one named The Epic of Gilgamesh. The story is near identical to the biblical story of Noah building his boat to save the selected animal and
people fromt the Great Flood. In the Epic of Gilgamesh their god saw how uproared the people were and decided on creating a mass flood to wipe
most life out. As in the bible, the man was told to build a boat and wait out the storm. Birds were used as messengers to let them know when the storm
was over. The Epic of GIlgamesh was written down on the clay. This enabled the story to be passed down through the

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