3. Bone
Mandible
Normal
Lateralis
Head & Neck
Muscles of
mastication
Oral
Cavity
Salivary
Glands
Pharynx
Viscera & OrgansEsophagus
Liver Pancreas
Stomach
Small intestineLarge Intestine
Lumbar
Vertebrae
Abdominal wall
Anterior wall
Posterior wall
4. Mandibular Protuberance
Coronoid Process
For Tempromandibular
Joint “Synovial Ellipsoid ”
Ramus
Mandibular angle
Mental Foramen for Mental vessels & nerves
Condylar Process
Oblique line
Two bones Join at Symphis menti
Pterygoid fovea
5. على علم لو Coronoid process
InsertionTemporalis Muscle
على علم لو Mandibular angle
Insertion Masseter Muscleعلى علم لو Lower border of body
Insertion Platysma Muscle
على علم لو Pterygoid Fovea
Insertion Lateral Pterygoid
muscle
على علم لو Oblique line
Origin Buccinator muscle
Structure related :
Facial artery
6. Mandibular foramen
For Inferior
alveolar vessels &
nerves
Mandibular notch
For maxillary
artery
Inferior Genial Tubercles
Mylohyoid groove For mylohyoid nerves and vessels
Mylohyoid line
Inferior Genial Tubercles
sublingual fossa For sublingual salivary gland
submandibular fossa
For submandibular salivary gland
Lingula
Sphenomandibular
ligament
Post. border
For parotid gland
8. على علم لو Inferior surface
Origin Anterior belly of Digastric
submandibular fossa
For submandibular salivary gland
Mandibular foramen
For Inferior alveolar vessels &
nerves
Neck
lateral aspect of the neck : Lateral tempromandibular nerve &Vessels
Medial aspect to the neck : 1st part maxillary artery & Auriculotemporal nerve
behind the neck : Termination of external
9. To sum up
Structures related to :
1. Mandibular notch : masseteric N &Vs
2. Groove behind socket of 3rd molar tooth :
lingual nerve “dangerous area “
Ligaments of mandible :
1. Lateral tempromandibular : lat.Aspect of neck
2. Stylomandibular : angle of mandible
3. Sphenomandibular :lingula
4. Pterygomandibular : post. Part of mylohyiod
line
10. •Black circle :
petrion
importance : landmark for ant
division of middle meningeal art.
surface anatomy : 4cm behind
fronto zygomatic suture
4 cm above zygomatic arch
•Two red line
uuper one : sup temporal line
lower one : upper border of zyg.
arch
both give attachment to temporal
fascia
•Blue line
< inf. temporal line > & fossa :
origin of temporalis muscle
11. Mastoid process :
<orange color >
1-sterno mastoid
2-splenius capitus
3-longissmus capitus
Digastric notch
<yellow area>
post belly of digastric
Styloid process
<violet area >
1-stylohyoid lig.
2-stylomandibular lig
3-stylohyoid m.
4-styloglossus
5-stylopharngeus
12. VII zygomatic arch “3 7agat
attached” :
1-upper border temporal
fascia
2-lower border <green line
> & inner aspect : origin of
masseter m.
3-lat tempromandibular lig.
mention parts of temporal
bone
1- sq. part
2-tympanic part
3-petros part
4-mastoid part
13. Infra temporal surface of greater
wing of sphenoid
Origin of upper head of lat.
Pterygoid m.
14. •Red area :
infra temporal surface of
greater wing of sphenoid
attachment : upper head of
lateral pterygoid
• yellow :
lateral ptreygoid plate
lateral surface lower head
of lat. pterygoid m
medial aspect orange deep
head of med. Pterygoid m
•blue area
maxillary tuberosity
attachment superficial head
of medial pterygoid
15. - Characteristics :
1- There are
process on the back of superior articular process mammillary bod
process on the base of transverse process Accessory process
2- Spinous processes are thick broad and quadrilateral with a Spinous notch
at the end.
- How to put it :-
1- Spine posteriorly and downwards
2-Transverse process laterally
- How to figure out L5 :-
1- Spine is small
2-Transverse process are thick
16. Maxillary process
Accessory process
Superior articular
Process Facing
Downward and
medially
Inferior articular
Process facing
Forward and laterally
Thick Spinous process
Ends with Spinous notch
17. Ligaments :
1- Anterior to the body Anterior Longitudinal Ligament البدى قدام علم لو
2- Posteriorly to the body Posterior Longitudinal Ligament البدى ورا علم لو
3- Between Spinous Processes Supraspinous we Interspinous ligaments
4- Between Transverse Processes Intertransverse ligaments
5- Between Lamina Ligamentum flavum
6- FromTransverse process of L5 to Iliac crest Iliolumbar ligament
Joints :
1- Intervertebral Joint (Disc) :“median IV joint “
Secondary cartilaginous joint البدى على يعلم لما
2- Lumbosacral joint : Secondary Cartilaginous joint
بين بيكون ودا
Inferior surface of L5 we superior surface of S1
2- Facet Joint : Plane synovial joint “lat. IV joint “
اتنين من حاجه على يعلم لما
Either Superior articular facet or Inferior articular face
Structures related :
•Body <upper or lower surface > intervertebral disc
Components : nucleus bulbosus & annular fibrosus
19. I-Temporalis Muscle :
Origin : Deep surface of Temporal fascia & InferiorTemporal line & Temporal fossa
Insertion : Coronoid Process & Anterior border of ramus of mandible
II- Masseter Muscle :
Origin : Lower border and inner surface of zygomatic arch
Insertion : Lateral aspect of ramus of mandible
III- Lateral Pterygoid muscle :
Origin : Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
Infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid bone
Insertion : Anterior aspect of the neck of mandible
Articular disc of tempro-mandibular joint
Iv- Medial Pterygoid muscle :
Origin : Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate & Maxillary tuberosity
Insertion : Medial surface of angle of the mandible
- All muscles cause elevation of jaw except : Lateral Pterygoid muscle Depression
- All muscles cause Protrusion of jaw except : Temporalis Retraction
- All muscles are supplied by anterior division of mandibular nerve
except : Medial Pterygoid muscle Main trunk
21. Lw muscle 3ala mandible we fe chin
we superficial tb2a masseter
22. EL muscle elly btkon horizontal we t7t 2 nerves
tb2a heya : Lateral Pterygoid muscle
EL muscle elly btkon Shiny we fo2 EL 2 nerves ‘
tb2a heya Medial pterygoid muscle.
Lingual nerve is medial and behind to inferior alveolar nerve
2 nerves : inferior alveolar never and lingual nerve
Inferior alveolar byd5ol gowa mandible fe mandibular foramen
Lingual nerve bymshy medial to mandible
Inferior alveolar nerve :
Origin : post division of mandibular nerve
End : oopsite mental foramen by dividing into :
1- Incisive branch (1st premolar, canine, incisor teeth and the associated
gingiva)
2- Mental branch to the chin and lower lip
Components “distribution” :
Sensory to : mandibular teeth & gums – skin of chin
Motor to : mylohyoid & ant belly of digastric
23. Lingual nerve :
Origin : post division of mandibular nerve
Components “distribution” :
1. General Sensation to : floor of mouth & ant 2/3
of tongue
2. Taste to : ant 2/3 of tongue
3. Parasympathetic to : submandibular & sublingual
glands
“last two components belongs to chorda tympani of
facial N “
Ahm 7aga ll nerve dah eno by3ml tripple relation
“hooking” around submandibular duct ..Y3ny agy
ashdo ..Ala2eeny b7rk submandibular gland
24. Maxillary artery :
Origin : one of the two terminal branches of external carotid artery in the neck
The other branch : Superficial temporal artery
Site : within the substance of parotid gland
Course :
I- 1st branch :
1- Middle meningeal
2- Accessory meningeal
3- Deep auricular & anteriorTympanic
4- Inferior alveolar arteries
II- 2nd branch :
1- branches to muscles of mastication
2- Buccal artery
III- 3rd branch :
1- Posterior superior alveolar
2- Greater Palatine
3- Sphenopalatine artery
4- Pharyngeal artery
5- Artery of Pterygoid canal
6- Infra-Orbital artery “continuation”
25. •Maxillary artery :
Momkn ys2l we y2ol mention bony branches
Y3ny hn5tar el branches elly m3dya f foramena
or canals :
1. middle meningeal
2. Accessory meningeal
3. Inf .Alveolar
4. Greater & lesser palatine
5. Artery of pterygoid canal
27. N.B we can see it at the between the
two bellies of digastric muscle
Submandibular salivary
glands.
Blood supply:
Arterial : Fascial and lingual arteries
Venous: Fascial and lingual veins
Nerve supply :
Sensory : lingual
Parasympathetic : superior salivary nucleus then
facial nerve then chorda tympani then
postganglionc fibres to the gland.
Sympathetic : through plexuses surround
fascial and lingual arteries.
Lymph drainage :
submandibular and deep cervical L.N
Submandibular duct opens at the mouth
floor ” cavity proper “at summit of
sublingual papillae
28. Relations of Submandibular gland
Superficial part :
1- Anterior : Anterior belly o Digastric
2- Posterior : Stylohyoid muscles
Posterior belly o digastric
Stylomandibular ligament
Parotid gland
3- Medial : Mylohyoid muscle
Mylohyoid nerve &Vessels
Hyoglossus muscle
Lingual & Hypoglossal nerves
4- Lateral : Submandibular fossa
Platysma
Skin
Cervical branch of fascial nerve
Fascial vein
Deep part :
1- Anterior : Sublingual gland
2- Posterior : Stylohyoid muscles
Posterior belly o digastric
Stylomandibular ligament
Parotid gland
3- Medial : Hyoglossus muscle
Styloglossus
4- Lateral : Mylohyoid muscle
Superficial part of gland
5- Superior : Lingual nerve
Stylomandibular ganglion
29. Parotid gland:
• Blood supply:
arterial :External carotid artery and its two terminal branches.
Venous :Drain into retro mandibular vein.
• Nerve supply :
parasympathetic > inf.salivary nucleus > lesser petrosal nerve > otic ganglia >
post ganglionic fibres through auriclotemporal nerve.
Sensory : auriculotemporal nerve … sympa : plexus around MMA & ECA
• Lymph drainage :
superficial & deep parotid l.N
Parotid duct opens at the vestibule of the mouth
Parotid gland
Parotid duct
30. Relations of Parotid gland
1- Lateral & Superficial relations : Skin
Superficial fascia
Parotid L.Ns
Greater Auricular nerve
2- Superior Relations : External auditory meatus
Auriclotemporal nerve
3- Posteromedial Relations : Mastoid process
Sternocleidomastoid
Posterior belly of Digastric
Styloid process
Styloglossus & Stylohyoid muscles
Carotid Sheath with its Contents
4- Anteromedial Relations : Posterior border of ramus of mandible
Tempromandibular joint
Masseter
Medial pterygoid muscle
31. Parotid duct :
Beginning : ant border
Termination : vestibule of mouth opposite to upper 2nd
molar tooth
Surface anatomy : middle third of a line connection lower
border of tragus of ear & nasolabial fold
Pierce :
1. Buccinator muscle
2. Buccal bad of fat
3. Bucco-pharngeal fascia
4. Buccal mucous membrane
Structures inside parotid gland :
1. Facial nerve &it’s five terminal branches
2. Auriculotemporal nerve
3. Retromandibular vein “formation & spliiting “
4. External carotid artery
5. Deep parotid lymph nodes
37. اللى الفولد االخر من
palate ال بيمسك
tongue بال
ورا من
Palatoglossal fold
Palatoglossal fold :
origin: from under surface of palatine
aponeurosis
insertion : lateral side of the tongue
action: depress the palate or elevate the
root of the tongue.
N.S : cranial part of accessory nerve.
Palatopharyngeal fold:
Origin : post part of hard palate ,palatine
aponeurosis.
Insertion: lamina of thyroid cartilage.
Action: depression of the palate.
N.S : cranial part of accessory nerve.
تحت ع ونازل الباالت من ماسك حتالقيه
Palatopharyngeal fold
38. N.B Between the 2 folds
there’sTonsillar bed or Tonsillar fossa for palatine tonsil
”مشاور القلم ما مكان“
Palatopharyngeuos
Palatoglossus
tonsil
39. Parts & Lymph drainage :
Tip > drain into submental L.N
Anterior 2/3 > drain into submandibular L.N, some pass to upper and
lower deep cervical L.N .
Posterior 1/3 > deep cervical L.N .
Arterial supply :
lingual artery
Tonsillar branch of facial artery
ascending pharyngeal artery
Venous Drainage
lingualVein
40. Post.1/3 Anterior 2/3 tip
Nerve supply :
Anterior 2/3 o tongue : General sensation Lingual Nerve
Taste Sensation ChordaTympani
Posterior 1/3 o tongue : General sensation Glossopharyngeal nerve
Taste Sensation Glossopharyngeal nerve
Most Posterior part : by superior Laryngeal branch oVagus nerve
MOTOR : all muscles are supplied by hypoglossus nerve except palatoglossus
By cranial part of accessory nerve through vagus
41. directly below the tongue
Genioglossus muscle fibres Oral fissure
Genioglossus muscle :
Origin: superior genial tubercle.
Insertion: the whole length of the
tongue.
Action: protrusion of the tongue and
depression to the median part.
N.S : hypoglossal nerve.
Mylohyoid muscle : it forms the floor of the mouth
Digastric muscle : superficial to the mylohyoid muscle
Hyoglossus muscle : deep and lateral to the mylohyoid muscle
42. HyoglossusDigastricMylohyoidFloor of mouth
muscles
Greater horn of
hyoid bone
Ant.belly > lower border
of the mandible
Post.belly > from medial
surface of mastoid
process
Mylohyoid lineOrigin
Sides of the
tongue
Intermediate tendonMylohyoid
raphe,Posterior
fibres at hyoid bone,,
Insertion
All depress the
mandible and elevate
the hyoid bone
Action
Hypoglossal
nerve
Ant.belly by N. to
mylohyoid
Post.belly by fascial
nerve.
Erve to mylohyoidNerve supply
55. Downwards, forwards and medially
ORIGIN:
External surface of lower 8 ribs.
INSERTION:
By an aponeurosis into
1. linea alba,
2. pubic crest ,
3. tubercle,
4. Anterior Superior iliac spine
5. anterior half of iliac crest.
6. inguinal ligament.
7. super facial inguinal ring
medial
External abdominus muscle
56. o Upwards , forwards and medially
o ORIGIN:
1. Thoracolumbar fascia,
2. anterior 2/3 of the iliac crest,
3. lateral 2/3 of the inguinal ligament.
o INSERTION:
1. Lower 3 or 4 ribs,
2. linea alba,
3. pubic crest and pectin.
Its lower fibers form an arch called
conjoint tendon.
Internal abdominus muscle
57. Fibers transverse
ORIGIN:
1. Inner surface of the lower 6 ribs,
2. thoracolumbar fascia,
3. anterior 2/3 of the inner lip of iliac crest,
4. lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament.
INSERTION:
Linea alba,
pubic crest and pectin.
Its lower fibers form an arch together with the
lower fibers of internal oblique called conjoint tendon.
Transversus abdominus
59. Rectus Sheath : It is a fibrous envelope that surrounds
rectus abdominus muscle.
Anterior
fuses with the aponeurosis of
the external oblique to form
the anterior wall of the
rectus sheath
Posterior
fuses with the aponeurosis of
theTransversus abdominus to
form the posterior wall of
the rectus sheath.
Fascia transversalis : the deep fascia that covers the inner
surface of theTransversus abdominus
Contents
2 muscles : Rectus abdominus and Pyramidalis
2 vessels:Superior and Inferior Epigastric
2 nerves: lower 5 intercostal and subcostal Contents
61. Psoas Major Muscle :
Origin : Transverse process of LumbarVertebrae, Lateral Surface of bodies of T12 to L5
With Intervening IV discs.
Insertion : LesserTrochanter of femur.
Nerve Supply : anterior rami of L1-L2-L3 nerves.
Action : Flexion of thigh and Lateral flexion of the trunk.
Quadratus Lamborum :
Origin : Iliolumbar Ligament,Internal Lip of Iliac crest.
Insertion : Medial Half of inferior border of 12th rib of lumbar transverse processes.
Nerve Supply : Anterior rami of T12 and L1-L4 nerves.
Action : fixes 12th rib during inspiration and Lateral flexion of theVertebral column.
Iliacus :
Origin : Upper 2/3 of iliac fossa, ala of sacrum,anterior sacroiliac and Iliolumbar
Ligaments.
Insertion : LesserTrochanter of femur and shaft inferior to it.
Nerve Supply : Femoral nerve L2-L4
Action : Flexion of thigh and Stabilizes hip joint
63. اخدنا لو
Psoas Major Muscle
زىتكون ماعالمههنالقى لينا
2 nerves Medial to it
Obturator nerve Superiorly
Lumbosacral Nerve Inferiorly
1 nerve Lateral to it
Femoral Nerve
وداوكبير اوى واضح بيكون
1 nerve Piercing it
Genital branch of Genitofemoral nerve
وداولو بتاعتنا العينات فى واضح بيكون مش
موجوده
جوه من بيطلع هنشوفهالمسل
اخدنا لو
Last Rib
زىتكون ماعالمههنالقى لينا
3 nerves under last rib
ordered from above below as :
Subcostal nerve
Hypo gastric nerve
Ilio Inguinal nerve
ما بيكونوا ودولبين
Psoas Major Superiorly and
Quadratus Lamborum Inferiorly
فاضل يبقا
1 nerve at the pelvis area
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the
thigh
64.
65.
66.
67.
68. PAW nerves
Question : mention root value of nerves?
E7fzohm btrateeb dah :D
1. L 1 iliohypogastric & ilioinguinal
2. L 1,2 genitofemoral
3. L 2,3 lateral cutanous nerve of thigh
4. L 2,3,4 ventral obturator
5. L 2,3,4 dorsal femoral
69. Origin: as a direct continuation of descending thoracic Aorta
Course : Enters the abdomen through Aortic opening of diaphragm at T12
Termination : dividing into two common iliac arteries at L4
Branches :
Single : Celiac trunk - Superior mesenteric artery Inferior mesenteric artery –
median sacral artery
Paired : Inferior phrenic arteries – Middle suprarenal arteries – Renal arteries
Gonadal arteries – Four lumbar arteries.
هنشوف ومشالسينجل غير منهم
Celiac trunk : طول على الحاجز الحجاب عند بيكون ودا at the Upper border ofT1 Fore GUT
Superior mesenteric artery : واحد اكبر بيكون ودى at the Lower border ofT1 Mid GUT
Inferior mesenteric artery : الشريان فى بس فتحته غير بيبان مش ودا at the level ofT3 Hind GUT
Branches of CeliacTrunk
right : common hepatic
left : splenic
Upwards : left gastric
70. Relations :
Ant :
1. Body of pancreas & splenic artery
2. 3rd part dudenum
3. Sup. Mesentric a.
4. Root of mesnetery
5. Lt renal v & coils of SI
Post :
1. Lumbar vertebra (1-4) , IV disc, ant longitudinal lig ,
3rd & 4rth lumbar vessels
Rt :
1. Azygos vein, cisterna chyle, IVC, rt crus of
diaphragm
Lt :
1. 4th part dudenum, dudeno jujnal junction, sympa
chain & lt crus of diaphragm
71.
72.
73. Origin: Union of two Common iliac
veins at L5
Course : Enters theThorax through IVC
opening of diaphragm at T8
Termination : end in the Right atrium
Branches :
1-Two pairs of lumbar veins
2-Two pair of Renal veins
3-Two inferior phrenic veins
4-Two Hepatic veins
5- Right gonadal vein
6- Right SuprarenalVein
7- AzygosVein
74.
75.
76. Beginning : Lower continuation of the pharynx
Termination : Cardiac end of stomach
Esophageal Constrictions :
1- Pharyngeo-esophageal Junction
2- Site where left bronchus cross in front of it
3- Side where arch of Aorta crosses it
4- Gastro-Esophageal Junction
Parts:
1- Cervical Part علينا مش
2- Thoracic Part : Longest علينا مش
3- Abdominal Part : Shortest دا الموديول فى علينا اللى بس دا
Enters the abdomen through Esophageal opening of right diaphragmatic crus
Relations : Anteriorly Left vagus Posteriorly Right vagus
Blood Supply :
Left Gastric artery Left Gastric vein طبعا بارت االبدومينل بتاع ودا
Clinical Application
Lower end of Esophagus is a site of Porto systemic anastomosis
77. 2 Curvatures :
1- Lesser Curvature :
Right border of stomach
Attached to lesser omentum
Related to left and right gastric vessels
2- Greater Curvature
Left border of stomach
Attached to Greater omentum, Gastro phrenic and
Gastro splenic ligaments
Related to right and left gastroepiploic vessels, s
hort gastric arteries at the fundus
2 Orifices :
1- Cardiac Orifice
Physiological Sphincter
1 inch to the left of median plane atT11
2- Pyloric Orifice
Anatomical Sphincter
0.5 inch to the right of median plane at L1
78. Parts :
1- Fundus
Attachments:gastro phrenic & gastro splenic ligaments
Relations : short gastric vessels
Surface anatomy : lt 5th IC Space , mid clavicular line
2- Body
3- Pylorus
Three parts : Pyloric Antrum Pyloric Canal Pyloric Sphincter
Relations :
Anteriorly : (L-A-D)
Left Hepatic Lobe
Anterior abdominal wall
Diaphragm
Posteriorly
Lesser sac of peritoneum
Posterior surface of Diaphragm
Left Suprarenal Gland
Upper part of left kidney
Pancreas
Spleen
Splanchnic vessels
Transverse mesocolon
Transverse Colon
83. Nerve Supply
Sympathetic : Celiac plexus
Parasympathetic : Anterior and Posterior gastric nerves
Arterial Supply :
Left gastric artery Left gastric vein
Right gastric artery Right gastric vein
Short gastric artery short gastric veins
Left gastroepiploic artery Left gastroepiploic vein
Right Gastroepiploic artery Right gastroepiploic vein
Lymph drainage:
Lymphatic running with
left gastric vessels Celiac nodes
right gastric vessels Hepatic artery nodes Celiac nodes
short gastric vessels Splenic nodes Celiac nodes
Left gastroepiploic artery Splenic nodes Celiac nodes
right gastroepiploic artery Gastrodudenal nodes Celiac nodes
All Lymph nodes drain to Celiac lymph nodes
84. -The liver is wedge-shaped having 5 surfaces
Blood supply:
Arterial supply:
Portal vein.
Hepatic arteries.
Venous drainage:
Right, middle & left hepatic veins which terminate in the IVC.
Boundaries of the bare area:
Base : IVC
Apex : Right triangular ligament
Sides : Upper and lower coronary ligament
Relations :
Suprarenal gland
85. Copula of diaphragm
اوجه التالت بين مشتركه بتكون دى
حاجه عليه هينضاف سيرفس وكل
Anterior surface anterior abdominal wall
Right surface anterior abdominal wall, 7-11 rib
Superior surface pericardium, heart and base of the Right lung & Pleura
1- Stomach, Pylorus and Pyloroduodenal junction
2- 1st, 2nd part duodenum
3- Right colic flexure
4- Right kidney
5- Right suprarenal
1-Bare area of the liver
2- Groove for IVC
3- Caudate lobe
4- Esophageal impression
88. Posterior surface makes H- shaped arrangement with the
inferior surface
Fissure for Ligamentum
venosum
Fissure for Ligamentum teres
Porta
hepatis
Groove for IVC
Gall bladder fossa
91. Gall bladder within its fossa (Fundus, body & neck)
<mention which part bzbt mshwr 3leeh >
• Arterial supply : cystic artery Hepatic artery
• Venous Drainage : cystic vein Portal vein
• Surface anatomy of the fundus:
at the right of the tip of the 9th costal cartilage
(at the point of meeting of right linea semilunaris and trans pyloric plane)
92. Contents of Porta hepatis (hepatic hilum):
-Right & Left hepatic arteries (Intermediate).
- Right & Left portal veins (posterior).
- Right & Left hepatic ducts (Anterior).
-Lymphatic's & sympathetic plexuses.
Attached structure : lesser omentum.
Porta hepatis
93. Caudate lobeTubal omentum
Boundaries of Caudate lobe:
Right side : IVC surrounded by the triangular bare area of the liver
Left side : Fissure for Ligamentum venosum
Inferiorly : Porta hepatis
Caudate lobe is related to Thoracic Aorta
Caudate process
opening below it epiploic foramen
94. Boundaries of quadrate lobe:
Right side : fossa of gall bladder (or the gall bladder itself)
Left side : fissure for Ligamentum teres
Superiorly : Porta hepatis
Inferiorly inferior border of the liver
Quadrate lobe
Relations of quadrate lobe:
posterior >> anterior:
-Lesser omentum
-1st part of duodenum & pyloro-duodenal junction
-Transverse colon
95. Impressions
Esophageal notch
(just above the fissure)
Gastric impression
Renal impression
suprarenal impression &
bare area of the liver
Colic impression
Duodenal impression
GB fossa
96. Parts of the pancreas:
Head : surrounded by the duodenum .
Project inferiorly forming the uncinate process.
Neck : a depression between the head & body
Body
Tail : directed to the left
BodyHead Neck Tail
97. ال ايه ويقولك دول من حاجة اى فى دبوس يحطلك
related structure
Superior border : Splenic artery.
Anterior border :Transverse mesocolon, Greater omentum
Neck: formation of Portal vein (posterior relation).
Gastrodudenal junction (Anterior Relation).
Tail: Hilum of the spleen.
Head: IVC & renal veins & Common bile duct (posterior relation).
Transverse colon (Anterior Relation).
uncinate process : Abdominal Aorta & Superior mesenteric vessels
Posterior surface: Left Kidney & Left Suprarenal gland & Left Psoas major
Left crus of diaphragm & Left renal vein & Splenic vein
Anterior surface : Stomach
Inferior surface : Duodeno-jejunal flexure, Ileum,Transverse coon
Relations :
98. Blood supply:
Arterial supply:
Superior & Inferior Pancreatico-Duodenal arteries Head
Pancreatic branch of Splenic artery Rest
Venous drainage:
Splenic and Portal veins
Lymph drainage:
Upper part of head Celiac LNs
Lower part of head Superior mesenteric LNs
Rest Pancreatico splenic LNs
99. Surface anatomy :
First part 0.5 inch right to the median plane at the level of L1
Second part Descends vertically from L1 to L3
Third Part Lies Horizontally opposite to the level of L3
Fourth Part Ascends from the level of L3 to L2 One inch to the
left of median plane
Arterial Supply :
1- Supraduodenal artery
2- Superior Pancreatico-duodenal artery
3- Inferior Pancreatico-duodenal artery
100. Anterior Posterior Superior
Lateral
Inferior
Medial
First Part -Quadrate lobe
-Gall bladder
-Neck of pancreas
-Portal vein
-Bile duct
-Gastro duodenal
artery
-Epiploic
foramen
-Head of
pancreas
Second
Part
-Right lobe of the
liver
-Gall bladder
-Transverse colon
-Jejunum
-Hilum of right
kidney
-Hepatic
Flexure of
large
intestine
-Head of
pancreas
-Bile duct
-Pancreatico-
duodenal artery
Third Part -Superior
mesenteric vessels
-Coils of small
intestine
-Right ureter
-Right Posas major
-Right gonadal
vessels
-IVC
-Aorta
-Inferior mesenteric
artery
-Head of
pancreas
-Coils of small
intestine
Fourth
part
-Transverse colon
-Transverse
mesocolon
-Left Sympathetic
chain
-Left Psoas major
-Left gonadal and
left renal vessels
-Head of
pancreas
and Aorta
-Left Kidney
Relations
Da bn3rfo 3ashan bykon 7wleh Pancreas elly hwa Parenchymal organ mesh Lumen
109. Relations :
Anteriorly : Coils of small intestine
Greater omentum
Posteriorly :
3 muscles Transversus abdominus,Quadratus lamborum and Iliacus
3 Nerves Iliohypogastric,Ilioinguinal and lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
1Viscera Right Kidney
1 Bone Iliac crest
Arterial supply :
1- Ileocolic artery
2- Right colic artery
Venous Drainage : Veins corresponding to the arterial supply
Ascending colon
110. Peritoneal fold : Mesoappendix
Positions :
1- Retrocecal 65% most common
2- Pelvic 30%
3- Subcecal 3%
4- Pre-Ileal 1%
5- Post-Ileal 1%
Surface Anatomy : McBurney’s point
A point at the unction between the lateral third and the
medial 2/3 of a line connecting anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus
Arterial Supply : Appendicular artery of Ileocolic artery
Venous Drainage : Superior mesenteric vein
