Dr. Mohamed Elfiky

1. Head and Neck
Temporal and Infratemporal regions
Part I
MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
Prof. Dr . Mohamed El Fiky
Associate professor of anatomy and embryology

2. Temporal
Fascia
Temporalis
Muscle
Superficial
Layer
Deep
Layer
Temporal Fascia

3. Muscles of Mastication

4. Temporalis
Muscle
Inserted into:
The Tip,
The Anterior Border
and
Medial Surface
of
Coronoid Process
1- Temporalis
Origin :
1- inf. Temporal line
2-Bone of temporal fossa
3- temporal fascia

5. Retraction
of
The Mandible
Elevation
of
The Mandible
1- Temporalis
Action
Action :
1- elevation of the mandible
2- Retraction of the mandible

6. Deep Temporal Nerves
Nerve Supply of Temporalis Muscle

7. 1- Skin
2- Superficial
Fascia
3- Auricularis muscles
(Anterior and Superior)
4- Temporal Fascia
Relations of Temporalis Muscle
1- Superficial Relations :

8. 5- Superficial temporal vessels
7- Zygomatic arch
8- Masseter muscle
6- Auriculo-temporal
Nerve
Relations of Temporalis Muscle
1- Superficial Relations :

9. Lateral Pterygoid muscle
Medial Pterygoid muscle
Buccinator
Temporal fossaDeep temporal
vessels and nerve
Maxillary artery and
Pterygoid plexus of veins
Buccal
nerve and artery
Temporalis
2- Deep Relations

10. Lateral
Pterygoid
Buccinator
Temporalis
2- Deep Relations

11. Masseter
Superficial
Head
Deep Head
Zygomatico-temporal
Suture
Insertion of Superficial Head
Insertion
of
Deep Head
Protraction
Nerve
to
Masseter
2- Masseter
Origin, Insertion, Action and Nerve Supply
Origin :
• Lower border and inner surface of zygomatic arch
Insertion :
• Lateral surface of ramus of mandible
Action :
• Elevation of the mandible
• Protraction of the mandible

12. Vertical Plane

13. Zygomatic branch of
facial nerve
Transverse facial
artery
Parotid duct
and
accessory parotid
Upper buccal branch of
facial nerve
Lower buccal branch of
facial nerve
Mandibular branch of
facial nerve
Temporal branch of
facial nerve
Parotid gland
Relations of Masseter :
Superficial relations

14. Ramus of the mandible
Masseteric nerve and vessels
The insertion of
temporalis muscle
2- Deep Relations

15. Buccal artery
Buccal nerve
Buccinator muscle
Buccal
pad
of
Fat
3- Anterior Relations

16. Lateral Pterygoid
Upper Head
Lower Head
3- Lateral Pterygoid
Origin : by 2 heads
• Upper head from infratemporal crest of greater wing of the sphenoid
• * Lower head : from lateral surface of lateral ptregoid plate
Insertion :
Fovea in front head of the mandible ( ptregoid fovea )
Action :
Protraction of the mandible
Depression of the mandible
Side to side movement
Nerve supply :
Anterior division of the mandibular nerve

17. Protraction
Depression
Push to the opposite side
3- Lateral Pterygoid : Action

18. A- Muscles
1- Lower part of
Temporalis
2- Superficial head of
Medial Pterygoid
B- Vessels
1- 2nd part of
maxillary artery
2- Pterygoid
Plexus of veins
3- Deep facial vein
C- Nerves
1- Buccal nerve of
Mandibular nerve
Relations of Lateral Pterygoid :
Superficial relations :

19. Tensor Palati Muscle
Levator Palati Muscle
2- Deep Relations :Muscles

20. 2nd Part of
Maxillary artery and it branches
Branches of 1st part of Maxillary artery 1- Deep auricular
2- Anterior Tympanic
3- Middlle meningeal
4- Accessory Meningeal
5- Inferior Alveolar
2- Deep Relations :Vessels

21. Mandibular Nerve
and its Branches
Deep temporal nerves
Buccal nerve
Auriculotemporal nerve
Inferior alveolar nerve
Lingual nerve
Chorda Tympani
nerve
2- Deep Relations :Nerves

22. Sphenomandibular
ligament

23. Deep temporal vessels and nerve
vessels and nerve to masseter
Inferior alveolar nerve
Sphenomandibular
ligament
Lingual nerve
Buccal nerve
Maxillary artery
1- At the Upper Border
2- At the Lower Border
Inferior alveolar vessels
3- Between
The Two Heads
Pterygoid Plexus of Veins
Surrounds
The Whole Muscle

24. Deep Head
Superficial Head
Nerve to Medial Pterygoid
4- Medial Pterygoid
Origin : by 2 heads
1- superficial head : from maxillary tuberosity .
2- deep head from : medial surface of lateral ptregoid plate .
Insertion :
Medial surface of remus of the mandible
Nerve supply : trunk of the mandibular nerve
Action :
Prtruction of the mandible
Elevation of the mandible
Side to side movement

25. Insertion
Medial Pterygoid

26. Protraction
Push to the opposite side
4- Medial Pterygoid :Action

27. Vertical Plane

28. 3- Inferior alveolar
vessel and nerve
2- Sphenomandibular
ligament
4- Lingual nerve
1- Lower head of
Lateral Pterygoid
5- Mandibular Foramen
and
Ramus of the Mandible
6- Pterygoid Plexus
of
Veins
Relations of Medial Pterygoid
Superficial relations

29. Submandibular gland
Facial artery
Relations of Medial Pterygoid
deep relations