This ppt is related to material science.

2.  Introduction to Failure.
 Review of Failure.
 Fracture.
 Fatigue.
 Creep.
 Corrosion.

3. It is an unacceptable
deformation or fracture.
 It can fail due to
 mechanical force or
 by fracture ,
 buckling or collapsing.

6. It is plastic deformation.
It is separation of a body.
It is caused either by
 physical or
 chemical forces

7. It consists of two
components
(a) Crack initiation.
(b) Crack propagation.

12.  It is crack
propagation.
 Occurs by
separation normal
to tensile stress.
 Tendency for brittle
fracture is
increased with
(a) Decreasing
temperature.
b)Increasing strain
rate.

14. Nature of material.
Temperature
State of stress.
Rate of loading.

18.  It has a repetitive load
or fluctuating stress.
 It refers to premature
failure under action
of repeated
stresses(i.e.,
dynamic loading).

22.  It is a time-dependent strain occurring
under stress is known as Creep.
 Creep can take place and break the
specimen when loaded quickly.
 Generally occurs at high temperature , at
room temperature in certain materials.
 As a result, the material undergoes a time
dependent increase in length, which could be
dangerous while in service.

24.  Primary creep is a
decreasing creep
rate because of
the work-
hardening process
resulting from
deformation.

26.  There is a
tertiary stage in
which the creep
rate accelerates
until fracture
occurs.

28. It is Destruction of material by:
 chemical, electrochemical, or
metallurgical interaction between
the environment and material, or
 dissolution of material in the
environment.

29.  Direct Corrosion.
 Electrochemical and galvanic
corrosion.(Room Temperature).
 Liquid-Metal corrosion.
 Corrosion of a metal by a gas.

30.  Residual stresses.
 Voids, inclusions and dissolved gases.
 Concentration and temperature of corrodant.
 Existence of stray electric currents.
 Surface films.
 Presence of other ions in the solution.
 Applied stresses.
 Presence of impurities.
 Gases absorbed on the metal surface.