1. Afforestation of dry lands can help increase commercial timber and fuel production while improving environmental conditions. 2. Successful afforestation of dry areas requires considering local factors like low rainfall, selecting drought-resistant fast-growing species, and improving soil moisture through irrigation or water harvesting structures. 3. Large-scale afforestation can significantly impact global climate by capturing more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
4. Introduction
• Dry area is an area which receives less than 900mm
of rainfall annually.
• Dry lands occupy 6.15 billion hectares or 47.2% of
the world's land area.
• Annual rainfall varies from 250-750mm in dry areas .
• .Afforestation is the planting of trees to create a
forest on non-forest land but it is differ from
Refforestaion
5. INTRODUCTION
CONTD…..
• China - highest afforestation rate of any country in
the world, with 47,000 sq k.m afforestation in 2008.
• Spain had the third fastest afforestation rate in
Europe in the 1990-2005 period, , a total of 44,360
sq k.m. were afforested ( FAO statistics )
• Around 9.09 lakh hac afforested in Gujarat,India
during the last 10 years (The times of india,22
aug,2013)
6. INTRODUCTION
CONTD…..
Major plantation activities in Nepal were carried out in the late
seventies and or during eighty. FAO (2006).
year
Plantation
1990
49000 hac
2000
52000 hac
2005
53000 hac
• TCN In FY 1989, more than 28,000 hectares were targeted for
afforestation, but only 23,000 hectares were afforested that
year.
(http://www.mongabay.com/history/nepal/forests,_nepal )
• The total plantation of Nepal comes to 1.3% of total forest
area of the country. considering the plantation area word
wide which accounts for 3.8% of global forest area (FAO 2006)
8. Why afforestation?
•
1.
•
•
•
The main purposes of afforestation are
commercial forestry
To increase the production of timber.
To increase the production of fuel and small timber.
Improvement of Agro-ecosystem.
2. Environmental restoration or preservation.
• Soil conservation.
• Protection of catchment of rivers.
• Increasing natural beauty of landscape.
9. Discussion
Afforestation of dry areas without irrigation:
locality factor
• Less moisture and high temperature; Severe frost in winter.
Human and animal pressure is great.
Soil preparation
• conserve maximum moisture by digging as deep
• contour trench are made .(if sloppy area)
Species selecton• fast growing as well as frost and drought –resistance eg khair,
Sisso , kalo siris, Cassia fistula, Cassia simea, Azedirachta
indica. Eucalyptus. Prosopis juliflora.
Plantation
• Most of the species can be raised by direct sowing chiefly but
as the moisture is limiting factor ,it is better if plants rasied in
polythene bags are planted out as far as possible.
10. Discussion
Afforestation of dry areas with irrigation: contd..
• It is done on a small scale in a few state in india
such as Hariyana, rajasthan and Tamil nadu.
• In Nepal mostly done in rainy seasons.
• Locality factors must be considered while
afforestation work done. such as Less rainfall, Less
soil moisture and high temperature ,Winter Frost and
Low water table.
• In order to irrigate the area should be level as far as
possible & divided in to rectangular compartments
and should be connected with irrigation channels.
11. Discussion
Afforestation of dry areas with irrigation:
• better to raised mixed plantation of Dalbergia sissoo
, Eucalyptus, Bombax ceiba, Morus, Syzygium, Acacia
arabia. Dalbergia sissoo and Bombax ceiba, Morus, is
raised by stump.
• If irrigation is assured spring planting is done. otherwise
monsoon planting is done.
• Plantations are irrigated for 2-3 years at least. 10-15
irrigation in first year. 6-10 irrigation in 2nd year. 5 irrigation
in 3rd year
• Sowing And polybags planting can be done
12. Promotion of plants growth
In the dry areas growth is
promoted by ensuring
maximum penetration
and retention of water
(practices applied Keniya)
Sub soiling before the rains
14. W – shaped micro catchment
V – shaped micro catchment
15. Conclusions and Recommendations:
• Afforestation can be done for the purpose of commercial
forestry as well as environmental preservation.
• In dry land regions, suitable species are fast growing as well as
frost and drought –resistance .It depends on site composition
• massive afforestation have a meaningful influence on global
climate and on mitigating the increased CO2 concentration in
the atmosphere.
• Many NG/NGO directly engage in programs of afforestation
to create forests, increase carbon capture and sequestration,
and help to anthropogenically improve biodiversity.
16. Recommendations:
• Well documented National afforestation plan should be
prepare to increase rate of afforestation.
• People participation should be more focused for protection
of successful of afforestation.
