histogenesis, functional and socio-cultural approach of settlement.

1. APPROACHESTOTHE STUDYOF NANOOR MOUZAno.-137
Submitted By
Sahidul Hossaion
M. A. Sem.- II
Dept. Of Geography
Visva-Bharati

2. APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF NANOOR MOUZA
INTRODUCTION
A human settlement can be defined as a collection of man-made
structures, put up with intention of habitation or socio economic use,
which forms a spatial unit for human interaction. In order to study of any
settlement we need to consider several aspects like- morphology,
network system, vertical view, architecture, social studies, economic
setting, physical location, size, shape and function etc. My case study
village name is Nanoor and it is emerge as a semi-urban settlement
which is located under the Chandidas Nanoor gram panchayat, Nanoor
development block, Birbhum, west Bengal. The exact location of this
mouza is 23.7040° N and 87.8673° E with elevation of 24 meters.
OBJECTIVE
 To find out the settlement pattern of the selected settlement.
 To find out the morphology of the settlement of the study area.
 Future plans of steps regarding this settlement.
Fig.- satellite image of this village.

3. APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF CHANDIDAS NANOOR
Settlement study of this mouza are analysed on different approaches-
 GENETIC APPROACHES
 HISTOGENESIS:-
The history of this village is so long. Historian Asim Bhattacharjee
wrote in his book “Chandidas and Chandidas Nanoor”, the village was
established during the last stage of Gupta rule in between 540-544 A.D.
and the word “Nanoor” derived from the name of ‘Raja Narasingh
gupta’, who is the last powerful king of Gupta dynasty.
 MORPHOGENESIS:-
The main factors behind the formation of this village are vast
agricultural area, fertile land, water availability, and canal for
irrigation. This village first established by the ‘Bagdi’ community.
After that the BASULI temple was built by the great lyric poet
Chandidas in circa 17th-18th century and the settlement increases
towards the outer side of the village from this point at the march of
time. And now this village is move toward urban society.
Fig.- Basuli temple

4. SPATIAL APPROACH
Spatial approach helps in comprehending the settlement as a whole. Under this approach the following has been
discussed about this village –
SETELMENT CONDITION:-
The total no. of houses according to the census of 2011 1946. The central part of this village are made of bricks
and concrete roof with 2 to 3 storied. Mud and thatched roof has been seen only lower caste and some poor
people of general caste categories. There is also seen mud wall and tin and asbestos roof, which found outer part
of the village.
Fig- house type of Nanoor village.
SETTLEMENT TYPE AND PATTERN:-
This village is clustered type and rectangular pattern of settlement.

5. TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION:-
At the south eastern part the village three state high way meet to each other, which connected with three main cites namely
Bolpur, Burdwan and Krinahar. And in the inner part of the village, there are too narrow concrete roods, which not
favourable for four wheeler. The electricity connection of this village is favourable to every single dweller because in the
western part of the village have a sub power station.
The village has two banks that helps to transfer money and one post office which help to transport letters and other
important things.
Fig.-narrow concrete rood of Nanoor Fig.- meeting point of three state highway

6. ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDINGS-
In this village having a police station, Block
Development Office and gram panchayat which plays
important role to control and developed this village.
And all these administrative sectors located at the
eastern part of this village.
PLANNING AND RATIONALIZATUION:-
The settlement of this village is not planned. Most of
the house of the village poorly spaced and rood
networks are too narrow with poor drainage create
water logging condition during the rainy season.
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTER:-
The overview of demographic pattern in this village are
tabulated below-
Source:- census data 2011 of Nanoor
village

7.  FUNCTIONAL APPROACH
The central business district or functional zone situated at the
central part of this village where three state highway meet to each
other.
AGRICULTURE:-
The main economic activities of this village is agriculture. Among
the total population, 60% peoples engaged in primary activities.
The fertile soil help to produced different crops like paddy, wheat
vegetable, til etc. most of the agricultural lands are double crops
but some land are mono crop and some triple crops due to the use
of modern irrigation technique like- canal irrigation, submersible
etc.
COTTAGE INDUSTRIES:-
Many people mainly housewife engaged in home-craft industries
i.e. kathastitch, Beedi factory etc.
LABOUR:-
Some landless people work as an agricultural labour, rajmistry
labour etc.
Fig.- central business district of Nanoor.
Fig.- Home-craft industry

8. SMALL BUSINESS:-
Many people engaged in small business like grocery, cloth store etc.
Further some people are engaged in service sector like teaching, engineering, administrative sector etc.
 ECOLOGICAL APPROACH
This particular approach concentrates on human adaptation scenario. The main ecological problems of this
village are given below -
• Due to the deep tube well irrigation sub surface water table has been decreasing.
 Sometime heavy rainfall causes flood.
 Less rainfall create drought condition.
 Poor sanitation.
 Drainage problem.
 Unplanned house type.
 Narrow transport network with in the village.
 Water, soil and air pollution due to the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

9. SOLUTIONS:-
 People should be aware about the scarcity of drinking water and its bad impact.
 People have to make good sanitation system in every settlement.
 Planned house type and drainage system should be needed for good settlement
structure.
CONCLUSION:-
Nanoor is a large size village or we may said semi-urban settlement. And at the march of
time it may transfer in to urban settlement. The house type is changed due to the economic
prosperity of the villagers. Mud wall and thatched roof transferred to brick wall and
concrete roof. The educational improvement of this village help to shift economics
activities from primary sector to secondary sector and tertiary sector and that is why
people move toward urban life.

10. REFERENCE:-
• Asim Bhattacharjee,- ‘Chandidas and Chandidas Nanoor’
• Sumita Ghosh,- ‘Introduction to Settlement Geography’.
 R.B Mondal,- ‘Introduction to Rural Settlement’.
 Google Map, Census 2011 data, satellite imagery etc.
 R. y. Singh,- Settlement Geography.