DBMS Information

1. Miss. Rupali Salunkhe
Presented by
Walchand Center For Biotechnology, Solapur

3.  The concept of database was introduced by IBM in 1960s.
 Database management system (DBMS) that is based on the relational
model invented by Edgar F. Codd at IBM in 1970.
Edgar F. Codd

4. Data -
 Collection of meaningful information .
e.g.- Text, number, images, videos
Database -
 Systematic collection of data .
e.g.1. record of students stored in files
2. information stored over internet
Database Management System(DBMS)-
 The software which is used to manage database is called Database
Management System (DBMS).
e.g.1. MySQL
2.Microsoft Access

5. DBMS stands for Database Management System.
DBMS = Database + Management System.
A database management system stores data in such a way that it
becomes easier to retrieve, manipulate, and produce information.
Database is a collection of data and Management System is a set of
programs to store and retrieve those data.

6. Database systems are basically developed for large amount of
data.
When dealing with huge amount of data, there are two things
that require optimization:
 Storage of data and
 Retrieval of data.

7. Various levels of database implementation (concept of abstraction)
1. Internal Level (Physical Level):
 It describes how data are actually stored on the storage medium.
 It is closest to database programmer.
 Lowest level of database abstraction.
2. Conceptual Level (Logical Level):
 It describes what data are actually stored in database.
 It is closest to the database manager.
 It is an intermediate level of database abstraction.
3. External Level (View Level):
 It describes the way in which the data are viewed by individual user.
 It is the level closest to the users.
 It is the highest level of database abstraction.

8. View 1 View 2 View 3
Conceptual
level
Physical
level
External level
Internal
Stored-acc. length=60
Account # type=bytes(15) offset=0
Name type=bytes(20) offset=15
Type type=bytes(10) offset=35
Amount type=bytes(15) offset=45
Conceptual
AC_No numeric(15)
AC_Name character(20)
Type character(10)
Amount numeric(15)
View 1
AC_Name
Amount
View 2
AC_No
AC_Name
Type
Amount
Account holder Manager
(DBMS Programmer)
Database
handler
User

9. A Data Model is a logical structure of Database
1. Relational Data Model:
 In relational data model, the data is stored in the form of tables (i.e. rows and
columns).
 These tables are called relations.
 Insert new tuples, delete tuples, and modify tuples.
2. Network Data Model :
 The network data model differs from the relational model.
 It represented by connection of records and relationships among data are
represented by links.
 Records are organized as graphs.
3. Hierarchical Data Model :
 Data is represented by collection of records and relationships among data by
links, similar to the network model.
 Records are organized as trees rather than graphs.
 Represents relationship among its records through parent child relationships.

10. Types of DBMS languages:
1. Data Definition Language (DDL):
 Used to classify the database structure.
 To create the database instance – CREATE, ALTER, DROP, RENAME.
2. Data Manipulation Language (DML):
 DML is used for accessing and manipulating data in a database.
 To read records from table – SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE.
3. Data Control language (DCL):
 DCL is used for granting and revoking user access on a database –
 To grant access to user – GRANT
 To revoke access from user – REVOKE

11.  To store data
 To organize data
 To control access to data
 To protect data
 Create databases
 Modify database data (insert, update, delete)
 Maintain database structures
 Provide security
 Perform backup and recovery

12.  To develop software applications In less time
 Security and integrity of data
 Easy to understand and user friendly
 Data independence and efficient use of data
 Effective and efficient management of data
 Query processing and management
 Better Decision making
 Data sharing and storage
 Better access to accurate data
 Ensures error free information

13.  Minimize Data Redundancy- DBMS controls data redundancy
 Sharing Of Data- Data can be shared
 Data Consistency- Data consistency means if you want to update data in
any files then all the files should not be updated again.
 Data Integrity- Data integrity means unification of so many files into a
single file.
 Security- Data security means protecting your data from unauthorized
access.
 Privacy- Privacy means up to what extent a user can access the data
 Simplicity-Simplicity means to represent the overall logical view of data in
a simple and clear manner. DBMS is very simple for its users who use it.

14.  Costly
 Complexity
 Technical staff requirement
 Database Failure
 Extra Cost of Hardware
 Cost of Data Conversion
 Currency Maintenance

15.  Banking: For customer information, account, and loans, and transaction.
 Airline: For reservation and schedule information.
 Universities: For students information, course registration, and grades.
 Telecom: calls made, customer details, network usage
 Credits card transaction: For purchases on credits cards and generation of
monthly statements.
 Sales: For customer, product, and purchase information.
 Railway Reservation System
 Online Shopping etc.

16. To create a biological database
To retrieve data
Data mining

17.  Beynon-Davies, P. (2004). Database Systems. 3rd Edition.
Palgrave, Houndmills, Basingstoke.
 Connolly, Thomas and Carolyn Begg. Database Systems. New
York: Harlow, 2002.
 Date, C. J. (2003). An Introduction to Database Systems, Fifth
Edition. Addison Wesley. ISBN 0-201-51381-1.
 Gray, J. and Reuter, A. Transaction Processing: Concepts and
Techniques, 1st edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1992.
 Kroenke, David M. and David J. Auer. Database Concepts. 3rd
ed. New York: Prentice, 2007.

18. THANK YOU