6-1 Short Paper Decision-Making StylesTo address this weeks (2).docx

6-1 Short Paper: Decision-Making Styles
To address this week's topic of decision making in sport
organizations, choose a common problem or issue that sport
organizations have faced. It can be a problem you are aware of
from a team that you are a fan of, something you heard about in
the news, or something you read about in this course. Just make
sure it is a fairly common issue that at least two sport
organizations have faced. From there, compose a short paper
that addresses the following critical elements:
· Identify at least two organizations that have dealt with the
problem or issue you selected.
· Explain the nature of the issue and describe the decision-
making style used by each organization.
· Evaluate the approach of each organization.
· Explain which organization had the best results and why.
Zainudin Smith
Retrieving & Evaluating Electronic Information: 04:547:220:01
Professor Beard
October 3, 2022
Summary of IT Client Interview
The interview with my IT client, Basil Bonney, was conducted
over a video call on Saturday October 1st. I met Basil my
freshman year of college and he has been not only a friend but a
mentor to me as well. The interviews spanned from about 20 to
30 minutes, in which I was able to gain better insights and
information on the different types of cyber-attack. We chose to
conduct our video over a video conference so he can not only
verbally explain but also demonstrate to me how certain thing
our done because we weren’t able to meet in person.
Basil currently is working for Capitol One Bank in Houston,

Texas as a software engineer. Capitol One is one of the largest
American banks holding company, issuing credit cards, auto
loans, banking, and saving accounts. The company utilizes
online banking by giving their customers the ability to manage
their money, communicate with representatives, and protect
users’ data electronically.
ICP 2:
This assignment has already been started just finished the
assignment
In this assignment, students will
interview their selected IT professionals (client) and
have an in-depth discussion about the client’s job AND his/her
information need on a topic related to his/her job and then write
a
2-page “Interview Summary”paper (double-spaced)
about their interview with the IT client.
Note: The interview is to focus on the IT client’s job
and a specific “information need” he/she has related to the job –
not a personal discussion about the client’s family, education,
hobbies, interests, etc. Once the information need has been
identified and discussed, you (the student consultant) will
research and locate information sources to support the client’s
information need by preparing an Annotated Bibliography to
submit to the client (and your instructor) for their review and
feedback in IC Project Assignment 3.
The interview with the IT professional (client) is recommended
to take place
in-person as a “professional” meeting at the IT
Professional’s site. If this is not possible, the interview may

take place informally with the IT professional (client) through a
phone call, email, or synchronous meeting (e.g., Skype, Google
Hangout, Zoom, etc.); however, texting the client is not an
acceptable form of communication for the interview.
The interview with the IT professional (client) should include a
discussion of the following topics and be included in the
Interview Summary paper: (
each bullet should be a separate paragraph)
· Identify/explain how the interview took place (in-person,
telephone, conferencing?) and for what length of time (e.g., 15
mins., 30 mins., 1 hour?)
· IT professional’s (client) name and organization where he/she
works
· IT professional’s (client) job position/title in the organization
· Background information about the organization (what is the
organization’s primary business, service, or function?)
· Background information about the IT professional’s job
including:
· Department where he/she works in the organization and its
primary strategic goal/mission in the organization.
· Client’s job description, job responsibilities, how the position
relates to “IT” (information technology), and whom he/she
services or supports in the organization and in what capacity.
· Background information about the client’s topic and
information need (what is the client looking to understand, learn
about, or otherwise become familiar with a topic relevant to
his/her work role? How will these information sources be
used?). Did you refine the IT client's information need (or
change to a different information need) since the IC Project
Proposal in order to identify a more feasible topic that would
produce relevant information sources when conducting
searches? (explain)

ICP 3:
The Annotated Bibliography is to be 5-7 pages
in length following APA guidelines and include at
least 10 electronic information sources
Assignment Requirements
Based on the interview with the IT professional (client) to
discuss his/her information need related to the job, the (student)
Consultant will
search, locate, and evaluate at least
10 reputable and relevant electronic information
sources that are
varied (e.g., websites, journal articles, news stories,
etc.) using search engines and databases. At least
TWO of the
10 sources must be obtained using the
Rutgers University Libraries databases (see below for a
list of "Rutgers University Libraries Research Resources" for
the IC Project).
Important! Follow these guidelines:
· Search and locate at least
10 reputable, and relevant sources (that meet the 7
evaluation criteria: accuracy, currency, authority/credibility,
quality, objectivity, coverage, relevance -
more on this below) that are
varied (e.g., websites, journal articles, news stories,
database articles, etc.). The sources may not be from one
predominant publication or author.

· Use search techniques you've learned thus far (Boolean
operators, keywords, phrasing with quotes, parentheses, and/or
ordering) to search and locate your 10 information sources
using search engines and academic library databases.
· Including at least
two sources from Rutgers Libraries databases (see list
of library databases below; Google Scholar should not be used
as one of the two library databases, but may be used as another
type of information source).
· All information sources (from search engines AND library
academic databases) must be obtained from
"full-text articles" (not just article "abstracts") so you
can properly evaluate them.
· All information sources must be
electronic sources (i.e., not print-based or point to
"books" found on the web unless the entire
e-book is available online for your IT client's review).
· Include only those information sources that you
RECOMMEND for your IT client's information need
(do not include sources that you have evaluated and have found
to be lacking based on the evaluation criteria - see below).
· Citations and annotations are to follow
APA style/format (6th edition). Provide
URLs for all openly available online sources and
names/titles of databases.
When using Rutgers Libraries databases, include the
name/title of the database at the
end of the citation (Retrieved from XXX database) - do
not include the URL for the purposes of this assignment. See
below (Citing Sources in an Annotated Bibliography using APA
Guidelines) for assistance in proper style and formatting for
APA citations.

Please read the instructions below carefully, which will help
you succeed in completing this assignment.
Rutgers University Libraries Research Resources
In addition to using search engines (e.g., Google, Google
Scholar, Yahoo, Bing, etc.), the following resources are
academic databases/indexes, search tools, and IT-related
resources through Rutgers University Libraries that can assist
you in doing research to complete ICP Assignment 3 (i.e.,
searching, locating, evaluating information sources for an
information need, and then preparing an Annotated
Bibliography):
Specific Academic Databases: (
*** use at least TWO databases below to find at least
TWO information sources***
)
·
Academic Search PremierLinks to an external site.
·
ACM Digital Library Links to an external
site.(Association for Computing Machinery)
·
Business Source PremierLinks to an external site.
·
Compendex Links to an external site.(Engineering
Village)
·
Library and Information Science Abstracts Links to an
external site.(LISA/ProQuest)
·
Library Literature and Information Science Full

Text Links to an external site.(H.W. Wilson)
·
Library, Information Science & Technology
Abstracts Links to an external site.(LISTA)
Aggregated IT-Related Resources:
·
Rutgers University Libraries Articles Links to an
external site.(Aggregator that searches multiple databases at
once when you enter search criteria)
·
Information Technology-Specific
Databases/IndexesLinks to an external site.
·
Information Technology and Informatics (ITI) Library
Tutorial Links to an external site. (for assistance in all aspects
of research related to ITI)
·
Library and Information Science LibGuideLinks to an
external site.
Note: Go to:
http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/indexes Links to an
external site.to view a list of all Rutgers Libraries Indexes and
Databases listed alphabetically. These databases are restricted
resources for Rutgers students, faculty, and staff only (free-of-
charge). Please be aware that if students want to access these
restricted resources off-campus, they must
log-in Links to an external site. using their
Rutgers NetID and Password.
After evaluating each electronic information source, students
will make a determination as to whether the source is to be

recommended to the IT Professional (based on the evaluation
criteria) and included as one of the 10 sources in the Annotated
Bibliography. See APA Resources below.
Only those information sources that you recommend
should be included in your Annotated Bibliography.
Writing an APA-Style Annotated Bibliography of Evaluating
Electronic Information Sources
After evaluating and selecting the
10 electronic information sources from
"full-text" articles that you are
recommending to the IT Professional, students will
prepare/write an
Annotated Bibliography (called a "Reference List") in
a
Word document that is
5-7 pages in length, following
APA style and guidelines (6th edition) in alphabetical
order by author’s last name and include the following:
·
Introduction - At the beginning of the Annotated
Bibliography, include: (paragraphs; double-spaced)
· Your IT client's name, position, and company or organization.
· Brief description of your IT client's information need.
· Brief description of the
search strategies (search techniques and queries), search
engines, and subscription databases (Rutgers Libraries) you
used to research and formulate your Annotated Bibliography,
and a statement as to whether you succeeded in locating the
required 10 relevant and reputable information sources for the
IT professional's (client) information need pertaining to the
job.

·
EACH annotation entry is to include the following:
(single-spaced with APA citation format; skip a line between
the citation and summary and evaluation of each source - see
SAMPLE ANNOTATION ENTRY below)
·
Source citation (as the heading of the annotation)
following the appropriate APA format for different types of
sources (e.g., journal article from a subscription/library
database, news article from a website, online periodical from a
website, etc.).
Indent the second line of the citation (as
needed). Provide
URLs for all openly available online sources and the
name of the database for academic databases that you
used (after the "Retrieved from" at the end of the citation).
·
Descriptive Annotation about the information source:
(in paragraph form)
·
Summary of the article and author (
one paragraph)
· Who wrote the article (person or organization/site)
· Summary of the article content
· Purpose of the article
·
Your evaluation of the source(include the 7 criteria; one
paragraph)
(Please "
bold" each evaluation criterion as you discuss in the

paragraph - see sample below. Example: "The article is of high
quality because a bibliography of sources is
provided at the end." This will help you make the connection
between each evaluation criterion and your
explanation/rationale.)
· Accuracy
(Provide the rationale in your evaluation: is the information
accurate? are there any mistakes or contradictions in the
content?)
· Currency
(Provide the rationale in your evaluation: is the information
timely and current especially important for technology topics?
does the site or article include the date it was published and/or a
date as to when it was updated/revised?)
· Authority/credibility
(Provide the rationale in your evaluation: what are the
author’s/editor’s credentials or background and/or the
organization’s/site's purpose? Is the author or organization/site
a recognized, reputable, and reliable authority in the field? Is
the URL extension .edu (education), .org (non-profit), .gov
(government), or is it a .com or .net (business)?
· Quality
(Provide the rationale in your evaluation: are the sources of the
article documented in footnotes or in-text citations and/or
include a bibliography at the end? is the information based on
evidence or research? Are there links to more information and
do the links work?)
· Objectivity
(Provide the rationale in your evaluation: does the author or
organization’s site or article give a balanced viewpoint and/or
with multiple perspectives or is it biased based on personal
opinion)?
· Coverage
(Provide the rationale in your evaluation: is the information on
the site or article comprehensive enough (or contain key

information) for the information need? Does the site or article
cover too much or too little generally? Is important information
missing?)
· Relevance to the IT Professional’s topic or information need
(Provide the rationale in your evaluation: how is the
information source directly relevant, important, or useful to the
IT client’s topic and information need?)
Note: If you do not recommend the information source for the
IT client’s information need as a result of your evaluation, then
find a different information source. All information
sources in your Annotated Bibliography are those that you
recommend and have “passed” your evaluation.
TIP! Each "Annotated Bibliography" entry should look similar
to the sample below - please
"bold" each of the 7 evaluation criteria as shown in the
example:
ICP 4:
IC Project Reflection (double-spaced; paragraphs) – students
will reflect on their IC Project experience and respond to the
following questions:
· What was your overall experience in undertaking the
Information Consultant Project? Was it a positive/meaningful
learning experience? Please explain.
· What value did you find in partnering with an IT professional
in the field, which provided a real-world "experiential"
experience (learning through experience)? Were there benefits
of going out of the "classroom" in this project? Please explain.
· What did you learn about the role of an "information
consultant" and the role of a "client" in the IC Project? Were
there any unexpected challenges? If so, how did you deal with
any challenges? Please explain and give examples.
· What did you learn about searching, retrieving, and evaluating

information sources using search engines and databases? Also,
what did you learn about preparing an Annotated Bibliography
and writing a Final Report for the client to review? Do you feel
you have gained knowledge and developed practical information
skills that you didn't have previously? Please explain and give
examples.
1
ITI220 [Section 09] [Fall 2015] [10/14/15] – [Nikita, Abraham],
[ICP3–Annotated Bibliography]
Introduction
My client, Shibu Daniel, currently works as Vice President of
User Experience (UX) in
Bank of New York Mellon (BNY Mellon). As an investment
company with global reach, BNY
Mellon has a significant amount of data about client activities.
Understanding, organizing, and
using data to make educated decisions is essential to the
company’s success. As a UX designer
and a member of the “Client Technology

Solution
s” sector of BNY Mellon, my client’s
information need is most closely related to Big Data. For
preliminary understanding, he wanted
me to research the following topics within the scope of Big
Data: what is Big Data and why it is
important, how can companies use visualizations to organize
data, how have companies done so
(real-world examples or case studies), and what frameworks or
software are available for data
processing in this way. The information gathered will be useful
in helping my client understand
how to represent large data sets more effectively, how to make
use of BNY Mellon’s current data
analytics software, and how to organize data when designing

technology solutions. In addition,
insights can be gained on consumer behavior, business models
that work well with data analytics
implementation, and in risk mitigation.
For relevant but industry-specific articles, I used the Rutgers
University Libraries
Articles+, a resource offered by the University that searches
multiple databases at once, and
specifically, the ScienceDirect and Business Source Premier
databases. To find articles
specifically in the field of business and IT, rather than health
and sciences, I used the
“Publication” and “Database” section to limit the articles to the
aforementioned disciplines.
Considering the ever changing nature of the IT industry, I used
the “Publication Date” tab to

only bring up articles or resources within the last ten years. In
doing so, all of my articles seemed
2
to still be relevant to the industry. I used Google Scholar
briefly, but many of the articles only
included the publication information, not the actual text. In
addition, several of the resources
were outdated. Google’s search engine yielded several
extremely helpful resources, even if they
were not scholarly, using keywords with quotations such as “big
data” with other keywords such
as: business AND management. Many of the articles I found
online were from reputable online
magazines within the IT field. With a combination of the
resources mentioned above, I was

successfully able to find articles and sources that pertained to
my client’s information need.
Annotated Bibliography
Childs, H. (2013). VisIT: An end-user tool for visualizing and
analyzing very large data.
eScholarship University of Alabama. Retrieved from
http://escholarship.org/uc/item/69r5m58v#page-7.
This particular article discusses the tool, VisIT that was
originally developed in response to Big
Data processing. It is an open source tool that focuses on three
main functions: enabling data
understanding, providing scalable support for large sets of data,
and creating a robust product
that is simple for the end user. In addition, the paper outlines
the software’s design, architecture,
and user interface concepts. In addition to the software’s initial
successes, the author also
outlines companies who have made use of VisIT.
The article was found on eScholarship, an open-access

repository of scholarly sources under
California Digital Library. Even though it is not in a traditional
database, the material itself is
scholarly and the original study was published in a scholarly
journal. Childs’ and his colleague’s
work was also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy; the
document was prepared as an
account of the work sponsored by the United States
Government. In addition to the
aforementioned points, the comprehensive list of references
provided at the end emphasizes the
author’s credibility. While the source does not cover a wide
variety of topics as some of the other
articles do, this particular case study fulfills my client’s need
for real world examples of
companies who have implemented visualization software, or
have made data processing
software. Depending on the long-term goals for my client’s
team, perhaps the insights gained
from this case study could provide recommendations for BNY
Mellon’s data processing tools.
Choudhury, S. (2014). The future of information dashboards.
UX Magazine. Retrieved from

https://uxmag.com/articles/the-future-of-information-
dashboards
The entire article focuses on information dashboards as a means
of visualizing large data sets.
There are five primary categories that she divides the article
into: (1) dashboards offered by
http://escholarship.org/uc/item/69r5m58v#page-7
https://uxmag.com/articles/the-future-of-information-
dashboards
3
independent software vendors as part of their data analytics
tools, (2) the dashboard for the user
on the go (mobile smartphones and tablets), (3) dashboards with
high location intelligence
quotients, (4) dashboards for real time data and (5) dashboards
future predictive data.
Shilpa Choudhury has published a number of articles in other
well-known blogs such as Wired,
ReadWrite, and Visual.ly. In addition, UX Magazine is a well-

known online magazine that
focuses on experience design. Practitioners and industry leaders
who are well versed in the UX
field write the majority of their articles. At one point
Choudhury mentioned nine analytic
predictions made by IIA (The International Institute for
Analytics) for 2014. While the
information has not been updated, many of the elements from
the previous predictions were
repeated or relevant for the following year. This article is
relevant for my client because it
provides examples of different kinds of dashboards (a specific
visualization), along with real-
world examples of companies that have implemented them. By
analyzing this article, my client
will be able to assess what his user needs are, what his team is
trying to accomplish, how to
execute it, and additional resources.
Franks, B. (2014). Making big data actionable: How data
visualization and other tools change the
game [Webinar]. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from
https://hbr.org/2014/05/making-big-data-actionable-how-data-
visualization-and-other-

tools-change-the-game
In this webinar, hosted by Harvard Business Review (HBR),
Franks begins by defining big data
and discussing how visualizations were used in the past to aid
cognition. He transitions to
modern day, outlining how data visualizations have changed
according to the needs of the
modern user as well as advances in technology. Today,
customized visualizations are tied to a
specific analysis – in that way, modern visualization tools must
be interactive, interconnected,
collaborative, flexible and enabling. Franks’ greater point is
essentially that businesses need to
use data to support decision making, rather than just reporting
what occurred – this calls for a
change in methodology.
Perhaps it is the nature of a webinar session, but there were no
direct links or references provided
at the end of the presentation. Nonetheless, Franks does an
excellent job maintaining currency by
discussing contemporary software vendors, companies who have
implemented visualizations,

and other relevant anecdotes. He also works for Teradata, a
company that provides services in
data warehousing, big data and analytics, and marketing
applications. His experience within the
field of big data can clearly be seen. In addition, the magazine
that hosted the webinar, HBR, is a
reputable organization under Harvard University that provides a
bridge between academia and
various enterprises. As such, the articles are reliable but also
relevant to the industry. I would
recommend this webinar primarily because it emphasizes a
change in the current business model
(the need to make decisions, not just analyze them). Franks
provides practical advice as an
industry professional that would be relevant to my client’s need
for integrating visualizations
into big data processing.
Hoffer, D. (2014). What does Big Data look like? Visualization
is key for humans. Wired
Magazine. Retrieved from
http://www.wired.com/insights/2014/01/big-data-look-like-
visualization-key-humans/

visualization-and-other-tools-change-the-game
visualization-and-other-tools-change-the-game
4
The basis of Hoffer’s entire article rests on the idea that big
data needs to be more human. In
developing his points, he establishes that information
visualization is a means of wayfinding, not
simply a means of organizing data. In doing so, he also
reiterates the need for data visualizations
to be comprehensive (displaying multiple levels of information
according to user needs), to be
scalable, and to be simple. Hoffer provides several examples of
companies who are successfully
humanizing big data and how they have implemented the

considerations mentioned above. At the
end of the article, his call to action seems to be that since big
data itself is constantly evolving,
the technology we use to organize that data must be robust
enough to process it – just like every
other piece of software the IT industry uses.
The article was written in 2014 and is still very current
considering the real world examples that
Hoffer mentions (such as Google Maps). That being said, each
of the sources that he mentioned
had a link to the original article or a related source that
provided further information. When the
article was first written, the author was the head of User
Experience at Declara, but is currently a
Design Director at McKinsey & Company. His experience is
well translated in the article itself.
This would be a very relevant source for my client considering
that Hoffer has a background in
User Experience and the article seems to focus on data
processing within that particular subfield
of IT. The article as a whole is a good baseline for the
technology necessary to implement data
processing through information visualizations.

Intel. (2013). Big data visualization: Turning big data into big
insights [Web document]. Intel.
Retrieved from
http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents
/white-
papers/big-data-visualization-turning-big-data-into-big-
insights.pdf
The paper starts off with an overview of the current IT
landscape as well as the problems that are
leading industry professionals to data discovery tools such as
information visualization.
Essentially this new form of business intelligence involves
integrating data from a variety of
user-based sources that are then displayed in an interactive and
easily understood format. The
author(s) describe(s) how challenges with big data have to do
with its volume, variety and
velocity (the three V's of big data) as well as the increasing
availability of mobile devices. The
paper then outlines key features of visualization-based data
discovery, how it addresses the
aforementioned challenges, how to protect data quality, and how

to establish data governance
policies.
While no author is provided, the source document is from Intel
– a well-known company that has
always stood at the forefront of technological innovation. In
addition to providing a
comprehensive list of endnotes, the article mentions the Gartner
BI (business intelligence)
Summit often. Gartner is a leading information technology
research and advisory company; the
Summit meeting is an important event within the industry. The
inclusion of such sources
reiterates the document’s reliability and credibility. This is
relevant to my client because it
provides a list of necessary conditions from a business
perspective, including security.
Considering that my client works in the banking industry,
security is an important part of data
processing and risk mitigation.
/white-papers/big-data-visualization-turning-big-data-into-big-
insights.pdf

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insights.pdf
5
Ishwarappa, & Anuradha, J. (2015). A brief introduction on big
data: 5Vs characteristics and
Hadoop technology. Procedia Computer Science, 48. Retrieved
from ScienceDirect
database, through Rutgers University Libraries Articles+.
This paper discusses the 5V’s of big data (volume, velocity,
value, veracity, and variety) in
detail. Moving forward, the paper also looks at challenges that
companies face when handling
big data, namely, challenges involves capturing, analyzing,
storing, searching, sharing,
visualization, and transferring data. The article primarily
features Hadoop, an open source
distributed data processing tool that is being used by many
industry professionals.

This article was found on the ScienceDirect database, making it
a reliable and accurate source.
Considering that Apache’s Hadoop is still a popular solution to
companies for their information
needs, the article is also timely and current. This would benefit
my client by going into detail
about Hadoop and its data processing frameworks. His own
team can implement similar
frameworks whether they use in-house software or a third party
source.
Keahey, A.T. (2013). Using visualization to understand big
data. IBM Software Business
Analytics. Retrieved from
https://tdwi.org/~/media/E3362B4A0E184F75AB29403
676C4C3CD.pdf.
This article discusses how businesses can make use of
visualizations when making sense of the
following five categories of user needs: (1) simple customer
data (2) customer data involving
time (3) customer sentiment, which is essentially how people
feel about the company (4)

measuring customer relationships and (5) customers at different
levels. In each of these five
categories, the author gives one or two examples of the most
effective kind of visualization for
that particular need. For example, when measuring customers at
different levels, a hierarchal
visualization conveys the information better than other forms.
In addition to the simple data
visualizations that the author advises his reader to use, Keahey
also promotes IBM’s data
analytical services.
As far as accuracy and credibility, this particular article is one
of several resources that IBM
shows to potential clients who are interested in IBM’s data
processing services. As such, I can
see that the information is well researched and up-to-date to fit
the current IT environment; it
even has a list of references at the end of the article. In
addition, the author is one of IBM’s
Visualization Science and Systems experts, making him a
reliable and knowledgeable source. I
can see this being useful for my client in addressing his
information need for what kinds of
visualizations can be used to display data. Not only does

Keahey showcase several visualization
techniques, he also clearly addresses which situations each of
them would be appropriate for.
LaValle, S., Lesser, E., Shockley, R., Hopkins, M.S., &
Krushwitz, N. (2011). Big Data,
analytics and the path from insights to value. MIT Sloan
Management Review, 52(2).
Retrieved from Business Source Premier database, through
Rutgers University Libraries
Articles+.
The purpose of this article is to answer the question, how are
organizations using analytics to
gain insight and make decisions from big data? Essentially,
there were three main findings from
https://tdwi.org/%7E/media/E3362B4A0E184F75AB29403%206
76C4C3CD.pdf
https://tdwi.org/%7E/media/E3362B4A0E184F75AB29403%206
76C4C3CD.pdf

6
the report: that top organizations are more likely to apply
analytics to activities, that managerial
and cultural aspects are the biggest challenges to implementing
analytics, and that being able to
visualize data in different ways is increasing in overall value
for the company. The article goes
into detail about a new methodology for adopting analytics
within an organization, along with
several recommendations from a business perspective.
Although the article was not found on a database, MIT Sloan
Management Review is a reliable
and dependable resource, known for their well-researched
articles and relevant topics. In order to
better understand the challenges that companies have faced and
have overcome for analytics,
MIT Sloan Management Review along with IBM Institute for
Business Value conducted a
survey with more than 3000 industry professionals (business
managers, analysts, and
executives). In addition both organizations interviewed a
number of academic experts and
subject matter experts from various related disciplines. In doing

so, the article provides a holistic
but specific viewpoint. All of the authors have a significant
amount of experience in the Business
Analytics realm of IT. It would be relevant to my client’s
information need for business models
that work with analytics implementation. The recommendations
would provide practical business
advice in how to overcome common problems with using
visualizations in big data processing.
Minelli, M., Dhiraj, A., & Chambers, M. (2013). Big data, big
analytics: Emerging business
intelligence and analytic trends for today's businesses [ebook].
Wiley CIO Series.
Retrieved from eBook Collection database, through Rutgers
University Libraries
Articles+.
This particular eBook provides a holistic approach to big data.
The first couple of chapters
consider what big data is and why it is relevant, along with
some industry examples of it in
action. Considering my client’s needs, the third chapter on “Big

Data Technology” would be the
most beneficial. This particular chapter goes into detail about
Hadoop, a well-known data
analytics company (including their business model, critical
components, and overall goals). The
chapter also considers the importance of data discovery when
compared to more traditional data
processing models. The book is written for business and IT
professionals with the purpose of
helping such individuals integrate big data analytics within their
own organization.
Combined, the authors have years of experience related to
business analytics solutions,
technology-based solutions, and related decision sciences. In
addition to their expertise, the notes
or references at the end of each chapter, and its addition in the
EBSCOHost database all reiterate
the eBook’s credibility. The article will be relevant in
addressing the client’s need for different
ways to visualize data, as well has the need to outline business
processes (necessary parties,
technologies, and management models) involved when
implementing a data visualizing software.
Not only are the topics expansive, they are explained in detail.

Visualizations make big data meaningful. (2014).
Communications of the ACM, 57(6), 19-21.
Retrieved from Business Source Premier database, through
Rutgers University Libraries
Articles+.
The author of this article provides a unique perspective by
describing data visualization as an
expressive medium, where ultimately the “artist” or data analyst
can choose what pieces of
7
information to show or withhold from the viewer. Moving
forward, the article as a whole
discusses advances in technology that set the stage for more
effective data visualization practices
such as the availability of storage, the efficiency of cloud
computing, and the rise of software
tools such as Apache Hadoop – all of which, simplify data

processing. Other important aspects
that the article mentions include the importance of
“humanizing” these visualizations, and
looking for new and more dynamic ways to display data outside
of simple charts and graphs.
While an author is not provided, the article was found on the
Business Source Premier database
and published in the academic journal Communications of the
ACM, making it highly reputable.
The article itself was written in 2014 and none of the
technologies or techniques mentioned are
outdated - which is to be expected considering the recency of
big data in general. Even though it
does not address the business aspect of big data processing, the
article will be relevant in
describing how data visualizations have changed to fit the
current IT environment and what
advances are now possible. The details mentioned in this article
are not expansive in its
coverage, but it will fulfill the client’s information need for
general information about data
visualizations, what can be accomplished with current
technologies, as well as the future of big

data.
ITI220 [Section 09] [Fall 2015] [09/30/15] – [Nikita Abraham],
[ICP2 – IT Client Interview
Summary]
For the “Client Interview” portion of the IC Project, I met with
my client for a face-to-
face meeting last Friday (September 25, 2015). As I mentioned
in the previous assignment, my
client, Shibu Daniel, also happens to be my father. He currently
works as a Vice President of
User Experience (UX) in Bank of New York Mellon. The entire
interview took about 30 to 40
minutes to complete.

As an organization, Bank of New York provides investment
services to various
individuals and institutions. These services primarily have to do
with asset/wealth management
such as stocks, bonds, real estate and other similar securities. In
addition to maintaining acquired
assets, BNY Mellon also provides trade execution services.
Essentially, this means that if an
institution wants to buy an investment vehicle, BNY Mellon can
act as their brokers and
consolidate the trade. As part of asset management, the
company also acts as advisors, delivering
necessary financial advice and providing credit offerings
(giving out loans) if necessary.
As such a large organization, the proprietary technology that
BNY Mellon has developed
allows its clients to maintain and stay abreast of their assets.

My father currently works under
“Client Technology

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