1Project One Executive SummaryCole Staats.docx

1
Project One: Executive Summary
Cole Staats
Southern New Hampshire University
BUS 225: Critical Business Skills for Success
Jennyfer Puentes
November 14, 2022
Project One: Executive SummaryProblem
With the restricted economic activity expected because of the
COVID-19 outbreak, and the rise in inflation the revenue for the
automobile engine and parts manufacturing industry has been
adjusted to decline by 10.9% by the end of 2022 (Pantalon,
2022). Based on the current challenges the automotive industry
faces, we must diversify our engine manufacturing and its
operations to expand our revenue. In this presentation, I will be
using qualitative and quantitative data to explain why I think
our company should rapidly explore the ever-evolving and
growing popularity of the electric car industry and develop
electric motors. I will show the qualitative data which will
focus on the industry reports of engine manufacturing inside the
automotive industry. The quantitative data that I will provide
will estimate the projections for future operations and provide
fact-checked historical data on the automotive industry.

Automotive Manufacturing Industry
After conducting extensive research into the current automotive
industry status, where I focused on the performance and
expectations for the industry's future, the 2021 measured
revenue of the US car and automobile manufacturing was $75
billion. This is compared to previous years, such as 2020 $69
billion, and in 2019 and 2018 $92 billion (MarketLine 2021).
Although we saw a rise from 2020 to 2021 in revenue the
automobile manufacturing industry revenue will continue to not
keep pace with previous years. As the domestic demand for new
vehicles trends higher, three automotive hubs are expected to
gain greater traction over the next few years. With that said the
US automotive industry is heavily established in the Great
Lakes region. This region represents just over 36% of the
automobile manufacturers in the US. Some of the most
successful automobile making are located here which include
the Ford Motor Company, General Motors, and Fiat Chrysler.
All these manufacturers are in Michigan which makes up 15%
of all automobile manufacturing revenue in the US. With that
said there are 2 more regions where automobile manufacturers
operate that make up 50% of all us manufacturers' locations.
The Regions are the West Region, making up 25.4% of the
industry locations, and the Southeast Region, making up 24.6%
of the industry locations. After conducting research, the
consumer's current mindset is shifting towards a “greener”
option for the automobile. This option would have a smaller
carbon footprint, providing an increase in producing vehicles
that are more environmentally friendly. As a result of this new
stance on a “greener” option by the consumer the hybrid and the
electric car are gaining popularity and are expected to multiply
over the next five years (MarketLine 2018). “In 2025 the North
American hybrid and electric cars market is forecasted to have a
value of $36,474.6 million, an increase of 38.4% since 2020”
(MarketLine, 2021).
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the aftermath of that
pandemic and the highest inflation the country has seen in years

this past year has displayed limited growth in the automotive
industry. With that said, experts expect the automotive industry
to recover as our economic conditions improve or normalize.
With the recent increase in oil prices during the last year has
helped shift the consumer market away from large trucks and
sedans. Meanwhile, electric car vehicle manufacturing has
experienced significant growth in their industry. The current
market is saturated by gasoline and diesel engines, but experts
expect a shift to a greener option. Furthermore, competitors are
not likely to join the industry based on the high entry barriers
within the automotive manufacturing industry. The current
industry challenges are better fuel efficiency, safety
regulations, and consumer demands. “Recent pressures on
consumers and the government to consider alternative fuel
options to limit the effects of pollution has been mounting, and
the combination of the pressure together with a healthier
automotive market has helped to spur o the hybrid and electric
car market” (MarketLine, 2021). The impacts that should be
considered to cost and profit are the prices of steel and
aluminum (MarketLine, 2021). New Industry
“Due to continued tax incentives, further technology
advancements, and rising fuel costs, industry revenue is
expected to expand over the next five years to 2027. As oil
prices stay relatively elevated as the economy regains steam
following the COVID-19 Pandemic, alternative forms of power
and fuel are expected to boost the demand for industry products.
With environmental concerns at the forefront, industry revenue
is expected to rise, increasing at an annualized rate of 11.1%
and 29.6 billion over the next five years to 2027” (Roth, 2021).
The difference between electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles is
the fuel type. The electric vehicle has a sufficient battery and
an electric motor that has enough power to deliver adequate
range and performance to go along with it. This is done without
a gas tank or fuel-powered engine. As it pertains to hybrid
vehicles it has an electric motor that will power the car and a
gasoline engine; the hybrid vehicles switch performance styles

which will allow the consumer to save fuel. As we stand today
and with the rising gas prices consumers are tending to select a
smaller more fuel-efficient vehicle instead of the larger gas-
guzzling trucks and sedans. Among the larger automobile
manufacturers, Toyota has a better position than others as they
focus on compact cars. They also are continuing the
introduction of new models with innovative features with
modern styling which are getting consumers to upgrade their
vehicles more often (Roth, 2021).
As an automotive engine manufacturer, the next venture we
need to explore or consider is the electric motor industry. Our
company is established as a manufacturer of automotive
engines. We retain both the knowledge and experience within
the automotive engine manufacturing space. The prospective
entrants would need proprietary, or licensed designs and getting
an experienced workforce. The Current market of hybrid and
electric vehicle manufacturers makes vehicles from thousands
of different parts. The most successful companies enter long-
term contracts with several parts companies to ensure that the
demands are met to produce their vehicles. With that said this
represents the barriers that exist when trying to enter the hybrid
and electric vehicles market. “New entrants must comply with
strict regular standards for safety and environmental concerns.
These standards as subject to periodic revisions, which may
require additional research and development. R&D expenses
can be reduced by forming a partnership with existing industry
players, as many foreign manufacturers have done.
Relationships such as these are hard to come by and constitute a
barrier to entry” (Roth, 2021). In the current market, there are
companies positioned in this industry as it grows over the next
several years. Those companies include Toyota Motor
Corporation, Tesla, Ford, General Motors, and Chevrolet.
“Suppliers mainly include producers of key inputs required for
car manufacturing, like commodity items, such as steel,
aluminum, and other metals, as well as those companies
supplying differentiated inputs such as fabricated components,

which are outsourced rather than being produced in-house”
(MarketLine, 2021).
The top competitors in the Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Market
according to Ryan Roth are
(Roth, 2021):
· Ford Motor Company with a revenue of 3.3 billion and 16.1%
of the industry
· Honda Motor Company with a revenue of 3.6 billion and
17.4% of the industry
· Toyota with a revenue of 2.2 billion and 10.5% of the industry
· Tesla with a revenue of 2.7 billion and 13.4% of the industry
While consumers are expected to switch to hybrid and electric
vehicles, expected declines in the world price of crude oil are
anticipated to slightly slow down industry revenue (Bari, 2022).
However, consumers are also expected to be increasingly
interested in products that are perceived as evidently friendly,
further supporting the demand (Bari, 2022). As a result of these
trends, the electric and hybrid industry revenue is expected to
rise and will grow at a rate of 17% to 58.3 billion over the next
five years to 2027 (Bari, 2022).
With the electric car industry, the production output of
materials such as cobalt, lithium, magnesium, carbonate, and
nickel. All these natural resources are expected to fall short
with the increased demands over the coming years. This can be
avoided with continued investments in all mining operations
around the world. Also, keeping up with all the new technology
trends is critical. With that said Toyota released 24,000 patents
on its hybrid technology, aiming to support the widespread
adoption of electric vehicles by allowing manufacturers to use
them for free (MarketLine, 2021). This is indicating a strategic
move by Toyota allowing them to reinforce its place as a
supplier in the automotive industry. Also, in doing this Toyota
will maximize its declining hybrid technology rather than
stimulate mild-hybrid developments (MarketLine, 2021). With

that said, there will be a decrease in manufacturers exploiting
these patents without using Toyota’s parts and components, all
the while Toyota will benefit from this increased demand
(MarketLine, 2021).
Porter’s Five Forces Analysis of the New and Automotive
Industry
New Industry
Automotive Manufacturing Industry
Rivalry among existing competitors
The Hybrid and Electric Car industry is concentrated with some
key players: Tesla, General Motors, and Toyota, as economies
of scale and brand strength, all of which are crucial aspects of
competition, dictate, and oligopolistic market structure. With
that said, this high concentration in the market with such a
small number of players could in theory reduce the competition,
but such a large presence of multinational companies with
tremendous assets will boost the degree of rivalry among these
players while they put the effort in to expand their sales. While
the differentiation in products may reduce the rivalry, the key
players offer different models that have a variety and
characteristics across the hybrid and electric cars industry. For
example, such variations include BEVs, PHEVs, EREVs, and
HEVs. The prices of these models tend to be highly proportional
to the range capacity and the battery efficiency. So, the key
players tend to target the different segments
Large incumbents with strong brands compete in this industry.
The automotive manufacturing industry is dominated by a small
number of large-scale corporations. The presence of large,
multinational incumbents intensifies rivalry and makes it
difficult for smaller players to compete. These players have
diversified their business models by expanding geographically
or manufacturing a variety of goods such as automobiles,
watercraft, and industrial and farming machinery. Honda, for
example, diversifies its revenue stream by serving multiple end
markets, including automobiles, motorcycles, power products,

and financial services. Diversification reduces dependence on
the automotive industry and, as a result, reduces rivalry.
However, the vast majority of the major players are heavily
focused on automobile production. Overall, the level of
competition is high.
Threats of new entrants to the market
Porter’s Five Forces Analysis for hybrid and electric vehicles
shows many threats for any new entrants. Those threats are high
fixed costs involved in the vehicle's design and manufacture,
mass production economies to scale that are gained, and capital
that is required for the manufacturing facility. All these factors
would make it costly to enter the market and it would be
difficult to get new customers to purchase your product. With
that said any new entrants would be likely due to incentives
from the government through tax credits and rebate programs
that are in support of producing environmentally friendly
vehicles or a “greener” option. With that said there are many
well-known manufacturers in the market and this may make it
difficult for anyone to absorb a significant market share.
Brand strength and reputation are critical in the automotive
manufacturing industry in the United States. They are making it
difficult for new entrants to enter the industry directly,
especially given the dominance of incumbents such as Toyota
and Honda. New start-up companies are uncommon due to the
high fixed costs of design and manufacture, as well as the
economies of scale gained from mass production, as the capital
requirements for a manufacturing facility of feasible scale are
prohibitively high. Scale is critical in this industry because high
financial backing is required for new entrants. New entrants
into this industry are unlikely.
Bargaining power of suppliers
“Suppliers mainly include producers of key inputs required for
car manufacturing, like commodity items, such as steel,
aluminum, and other metals, as well as those companies

supplying differentiated inputs such as fabricated components,
which are outsourced rather than being manufactured in-house”
(MarketLine, 2021). With this low difference in the raw
material suppliers, there is little to no difference between them.
With that said, this little difference would, in theory, reduce
their power and it would provide many options for all
manufacturers.
Because there are so many prospective suppliers in this market,
the power of suppliers is diluted. However, switching costs are
considerable due to the high initial expenses associated with
developing part designs and requirements. Additionally, it is
unlikely that the suppliers will threaten to integrate forwarding.
The inputs needed by the auto industry are numerous: labor,
components, raw materials, and services. These input costs have
a big impact on profitability and create very high entry barriers.
Supplier power is diminished since these suppliers must fulfill
the demands of the participants. Commodity products like
metals and a variety of other inputs, such as fabricated parts or
technical improvements, are frequently the primary inputs
needed by the automotive industry. These products are
frequently produced by third companies rather than internally,
while some of the more significant players operate.
Threat of substitute products
The main substitute that can threaten the hybrid and electric car
industry is standard fuel cars, alternative forms of transport,
and public transportation. With that said, the classic gasoline
vehicles are the most effective and the highest bag for your
buck alternative, even though this option is not the most
environmentally friendly option. Consumers that are price
sensitive and those long-distance drivers will be more
susceptible to picking the standard gasoline vehicle even with
higher costs over the shorter range more environmentally
friendly hybrid or electric vehicles.
Other types of vehicles or modes of transportation are the main
substitutes in this industry. These threats also vary depending
on the vehicle's utility in the country or environment. Such as

used vehicles, which serve as a substitute for the automotive
manufacturing industry. Dealerships that sell both new and used
vehicles are likely to have sold more of the latter during the
global downturn as consumers avoided large purchases.
Implementing finance packages such as PCP deals for new cars
is another alternative to the automotive manufacturing industry.
Customers are typically locked into a three-year deal, paying a
monthly fee for the vehicle, with a lump sum payable at the end
of the deal to purchase the vehicle or renegotiate the terms.
Bargaining power of buyers
The hybrid and electric car market offers a limited degree of
choice for customers. With the few manufacturers making
limited-range products, particularly in the electric car industry.
Many customers are price sensitive and switching to a hybrid
the costs are relatively low. With electric vehicles, those costs
can be substantially high, which have limited range and a lack
of infrastructure to provide adequate charging stations.
However, to retain customers these manufacturers have invested
in brand building, development of infrastructure, and service
relationships. Also, developing manufacturing techniques for
alternative powertrain formats, all this meaning that the buyer
power is starting to become weaker.
The primary purchasers in this sector are vehicle dealerships,
which operate as a bridge between consumers and automakers.
Because there are typically not many large dealerships, the
power of the buyer is increased. Changes in consumer demand
expanded regulatory requirements for safety and fuel economy
and increased access to data and information are three strong
drivers that are driving change in the auto industry.
Manufacturers in this sector make an effort to set their products
apart from the competition by including innovative features,
such as satellite navigation, heated or massaging seats, parking
sensors, a heated or cooled steering wheel, or a stop-start
system. Customers in the automotive manufacturing sector

depend on producers' goods since businesses would not function
without them. Overall, the American car manufacturing sector
has limited consumer power
Comparison of the Industries
According to the data comparing automotive engine
manufacturing to hybrid and electric manufacturing, there
appear to be some similarities between the two industries. Both
appear to necessitate significant financial investment, have high
rivalry potential, and are both influenced by other modes of
transportation. There appear to be minor differences in who
holds power in each industry, whether the buyer or the supplier.
The buyer appears to have more clout in hybrid and electric
manufacturing. In the automotive industry, however, the
supplier appears to wield slightly more power throughout the
process. Finally, it appears that hybrid and electric vehicles will
have more growth opportunities in this technologically
advanced world.Summary of Findings
Diversifying into hybrid and electronic vehicle manufacturing,
according to my findings, would be beneficial but would take
time to establish. The government is using incentives to push
for more environmentally friendly vehicles, and consumers want
the latest and greatest in technology. The disadvantage is that it
may be difficult at first due to the entrant's barriers and the
initial new facility cost. However, these are similar challenges
that the company is facing now, with more defined rivalry and
less room for growth. I would still recommend diversifying into
the hybrid and electric vehicle markets because there is profit
with both the government pushing and consumer attitudes
shifting to a more environmentally friendly mode of
transportation.
Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Chart—New Industry
Moderate because of the fixed capital costs, and the economies
the scale gained from mass production.

Threat of new entrants
Moderate because of the high fixed capital costs, and the
economies of scale gained form mass production.
Medium because of the standard gasoline vehicles, alternative
forms of personal transport, and public transportation.
Medium because the market offers a limited amount of choices
for customers, with only a few manufacturers making a limited
range of products.
Low because of their relatively low differences in raw material
suppliers, there is little that distinguishing between the
suppliers.
Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Chart—Automotive
Manufacturing Industry
High because the presence of significant incumbents with strong
brands in this industry increases competition
Threat of new entrants
Low due to high financial is backing required for new entrants.
Medium because other kinds of vehicles or modes of
transportation serve as the primary replacements.
Low because consumers in the car manufacturing sector rely on
manufacturers' goods for survival.
Medium because there are many prospective providers in this
industry, which reduces the power of suppliers.
References
Bari, Shahool Al. (2022, June).

Hybrid & Electric Vehicle Manufacturing.https://my-
ibisworld-com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/us/en/industry-
specialized/od4516/industry-outlook
MaketLine. (2021, April 28). Hybrid & Electric Cars in North
America. North America - Hybrid & Electric Cars.
https://advantage-
marketlinecom.ezproxy.snhu.edu/Analysis/ViewasPDF/north-
america-hybrid-electric-cars-58394.
MarketLine. (2018, April 5). Electric Vehicles: A deep dive
into the technology that is the future of the Auto industry.
https://advantage-
marketlinecom.ezproxy.snhu.edu/Analysis/ViewasPDF/electric-
vehicles-a-deep-dive-into-the-technologythat-is-the-future-of-
the-auto-industry.
MarketLine. (2021, April 28). Global - Hybrid & Electric Cars.
https://advantage-
marketlinecom.ezproxy.snhu.edu/Analysis/ViewasPDF/global-
hybrid-electric-cars-130182.
Pantalon, Matt. (2022, August). Automobile Engine & Parts
Manufacturing in the US. https://my-ibisworld-
com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/us/en/industry/33631/industry-
performance
Roth, R. (2021, January). Hybrid & Electric Vehicle
Manufacturing. US SPECIALIZED INDUSTRY REPORT
OD4516: Hybrid & Electric Vehicle Manufacturing. https://my-
ibisworldcom.ezproxy.snhu.edu/us/en/industry-
specialized/od4516/about#major-players.
Automotive Industry Data Analysis and Trends
Cole Staats
Jennyfer Puentes
November 27, 2022

This presentation is the collection of data and trends in the
current automotive industry. This data will show that the
Hybrid and Electric car industry is on the rise, and with us
diversifying into this industry would prove to be productive.
Also, I will be providing detailed visualizations showing this
data making it easier to comprehend. I hope by the end of this
presentation you will agree with me and that making this move
into the Hybrid and electric car industry is the best way to
diversify our company.
1
Introduction
Qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis
complement each other.
Quantitative methods focus on numerical values that represent a
given trend or phenomenon.
Qualitative methods rely on explanations – facts and
descriptions.
Qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis
complement each other. Quantitative methods focus on
numerical values that represent a given trend or phenomena
(Borgstede & Scholz, 2021). Qualitative methods rely on
explanations – facts and descriptions.
2
Automotive Trends in the US:
Sales by Fuel Type
The data shows that full electric car sales are on a constant rise

from 2011 to 2020. Hybrid car sales are on the decline as well
as gasoline operated. The US registered about 240,000 electric
car sales. However, fossil car sales still represent a dominant
share of the sales.
3
Trends by Motor Type
From the bar graph, with the evolving electric car technology,
there is a progressive switch toward traction motors. Brushed
DC and stepper motors are slowly being phased out – as the
technology becomes more sophisticated. Increased friction
promotes more torque (Madichetty et al., 2021).
4
Customer Demands and Preferences
Customers in the US preferred white cars; at 30% compared to
yellow and green cars which had a paltry 1% preference. There
was also an increasing preference for fuel-efficient cars; 56%.
The cars’ safety and cost were also the focus of the consumers.
Little regard was given to car design and service warranty.
5
Trends by Vehicle Body Type

Research shows an increasing demand for sports utility cars
(Highlights of the Automotive Trends Report, 2022). There is a
marked decline in the demand for saloon cars. The demands for
pickups and vans is also on the decline.
6
New Industry Trends:
Expected growth areas
There is increasing integration of technology in car
manufacturing. Artificial intelligence has resulted in the
development of autonomous cars, with additional features such
as human interaction, and data analysis.
7
Sales
Fully electric cars are replacing plug-in hybrid cars as the
switch towards eco-friendly cars takes effect. The advancement
in battery technology and charging efficiency has contributed to
the increasing popularity of electric cars.
8
Customer Demands
Automotive customers want increased technology integration in
cars to improve the driving experience. Drive-assist, motion
sensors, distress assist, navigation controls, and voice

commands; are some of the features that customers want to be
integrated in car manufacturing.
9
Summary of the Visualized Data
There is increasing popularity for electric cars.
Fossil fuel cars still command the biggest sales in the car
industry.
Customers demands are influencing new trends in
manufacturing – demand for SUVs, technological integration,
the pricing and color.
There is increasing popularity for electric cars. Fossil fuel cars
still command the biggest sales in the car industry. Customers’
demands are influencing new trends in manufacturing – demand
for SUVs, technological integration, pricing, and color.
10
What the Data is Not Showing
The cost implication of the improved car features on the
manufacturers and consumers.
The projected automotive sales per fuel type are based on
emerging trends.
External factors that influence the automotive industry trends in
fuel type, sales volumes, or consumer preferences.
The cost implication of the improved car features on the
manufacturers and consumers. The projected automotive sales
per fuel type are based on emerging trends.
External factors that influence the automotive industry trends in
fuel type, sales volumes, or consumer preferences.
11

The Rational Model
This is a data-driven approach to decision making.
It involves data analysis, wide consultation, and brainstorming.
It portends the least risk and is more effective for large teams.
Requires more time and resources to reach a decision.
This is a data-driven approach to decision-making (Atlassian,
n.d.). It involves data analysis, wide consultation, and
brainstorming. It portends the least risk and is more effective
for large teams. This model requires more time and resources to
reach a decision due to massive consultations within a team.
12
The Intuitive Model
It’s an unstructured decision-making process.
Relies on emotions rather than evidence.
Best fit for faster decisions and resource constraints.
It’s an unstructured decision-making process. Relies on
emotions rather than evidence. Best fit for faster decisions and
resource constraints.
13
The Recognition-Primed Model

Analyzes solutions based on experience and suitability
(Atlassian, n.d.). The most promising solution is adopted. Best
fit for faster decisions and constrained resources.
14
Best Choice
Rational Decision-Making Model
The best choice for a decision-making model in the automotive
industry is the rational model. This is because:
It is based on credible data analysis and tangible information.
It relies on a team approach hence the decision arrived at is
binding and every member of the team can work towards a
similar goal.
It has the least risk of errors and thus more suitable due to the
huge capital investments required in the industry.
15
Conclusion
From the statistical and graphical data, consumers are switching
toward electric cars.
There is increasing innovativeness and technology integration in
car and car component designs.
Consumer requirements are critical in determining car
manufacturing sales volumes.
The rational decision-making model is the best-suited method
for analyzing alternatives and making data-driven evidence.
From the statistical and graphical data, consumers are switching
towards electric cars. There is increasing innovativeness and
technology integration is car and car component designs.
Consumer requirements are critical in determining car

manufacturing sales volumes. The rational decision-making
model is the best suited method for analyzing alternatives and
making data-driven evidence.
16
References
Atlassian. (n.d.). 5 Decision-Making Models to Try if You’re
Stuck | The Workstream.
https://www.atlassian.com/work-management/team-
management-and-leadership/decision-making/models
Automotive Motor Market Size & Share Report, 2019-2025.
(n.d.).
https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-
analysis/automotive-motor-market
Bari, Shahool Al. (2022, June). Hybrid & Electric Vehicle
Manufacturing.https://my-ibisworld-
com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/us/en/industry-
specialized/od4516/industry-outlook
Borgstede, M., & Scholz, M. (2021). Quantitative and
Qualitative Approaches to Generalization and Replication–A
Representationalist View. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.605191
FOTW #1200, August 23, 2021: Sales of New Electric Vehicles
in the U.S. Were Up for 2020 While Conventional New Light-
Duty Vehicle Sales Were Down. (n.d.). Energy.gov.
https://www.energy.gov/eere/vehicles/articles/fotw-1200-
august-23-2021-sales-new-electric-vehicles-us-were-2020-while
Highlights of the Automotive Trends Report. (2022, November
15). US EPA. https://www.epa.gov/automotive-
trends/highlights-automotive-trends-report
Madichetty, S., Mishra, S., & Basu, M. (2021). New trends in
electric motors and selection for electric vehicle propulsion
systems. IET Electrical Systems in Transportation, 11(3), 186–
199.
https://doi.org/10.1049/els2.12018

MarketLine. (2021, April 28). Hybrid & Electric Cars in North
America. North America - Hybrid & Electric Cars.
https://advantage-
marketlinecom.ezproxy.snhu.edu/Analysis/ViewasPDF/north-
america-hybrid-electric-cars-58394.
MarketLine. (2018, April 5). Electric Vehicles: A deep dive into
the technology that is the future of the Auto industry.
https://advantage-
marketlinecom.ezproxy.snhu.edu/Analysis/ViewasPDF/electric-
vehicles-a-deep-dive-into-the-technologythat-is-the-future-of-
the-auto-industry.
MarketLine. (2021, April 28). Global - Hybrid & Electric Cars.
https://advantage-
marketlinecom.ezproxy.snhu.edu/Analysis/ViewasPDF/global-
hybrid-electric-cars-130182.
Pantalon, Matt. (2022, August). Automobile Engine & Parts
Manufacturing in the US. https://my-ibisworld-
com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/us/en/industry/33631/industry-
performance
Roth, R. (2021, January). Hybrid & Electric Vehicle
Manufacturing. US SPECIALIZED INDUSTRY REPORT
OD4516: Hybrid & Electric Vehicle Manufacturing. https://my-
ibisworldcom.ezproxy.snhu.edu/us/en/industry-
specialized/od4516/about#major-players.
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