Introduction of Chopper Classification of Chopper Controlled Strategy of Chopper

1. CHOPPER
(DC-DC CONVERTER)

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM OFDC‐DCCONVERTERS

3. A chopper is a static device which is used to obtain a
variable dc voltage from a constant dc voltage source.A
chopper is also known as dc‐to‐dc converter.The
thyristor converter offers greater efficiency, faster
response, lower maintenance, smaller size and smooth
control. Choppers are widely used in trolley cars,
battery operated vehicles, traction motor control,
control of large number of dc motors, etc…..They are
also used in regenerative braking of dc motors to return
energy back to supply and also as dc voltage regulators.

4. Choppers are of two types:
Step‐down choppers
Step‐up choppers
In step‐down choppers, the output voltage will be less than the
input voltage whereas in step‐up choppers output voltage will be
more than the inputvoltage.
PRINCIPLE OFSTEP‐DOWN CHOPPER
Chopper
i0
+
V V0R

Fig.2.1:Step‐down Chopper with Resistive Load

5. Figure 2.1 shows a step‐down chopper with resistive load.
The thyristor in the circuit acts as a switch. When thyristor is ON,
supply voltage appears across the load and when thyristor is OFF,
the voltage across the load will be zero. The output voltage and
current waveforms are as shown in figure 2.2.
v0
V
Vdc
t
tON tOFF
i0
V/R
Idc
t
T
Fig. 2.2: Step-down choppers — output voltage and current waveforms

12. STEP‐DOWN CHOPPER WITH R‐LLOAD

27. CLASSIFICATION OFCHOPPERS
Choppers are classified asfollows
‐ Class AChopper
‐ Class BChopper
‐ Class CChopper
‐ Class D Chopper
‐ Class EChopper
CLASSACHOPPER

30. CLASS B CHOPPER
Fig. 2.16: Class BChopper

35. CLASS CCHOPPER

38. CLASS D CHOPPER

41. CLASS ECHOPPER