Binocular vision enables the coordinated use of both eyes to achieve simultaneous vision, resulting in the fusion of slightly dissimilar images into a single percept. It develops over the first few years of life and can be classified as normal or anomalous based on the alignment of visual images. The advantages of binocular vision include single vision, stereopsis for depth perception, and a wider field of vision.

1. Binocular vision
By Prabhat gc
B.o.v.s.
consultant optometrist

2. Binocular single vision
• Binocular Single Vision may be defined as the
state of simultaneous vision, which is
achieved by the coordinated use of both eyes,
so that separate and slightly dissimilar images
arising in each eye are appreciated as a single
image by the process of fusion. Thus binocular
vision implies fusion, the blending of sight
from the two eyes to form a single percept.

3. Cont…
• Binocular single vision is not present during
the first six month of life.
• Its develop during the first few years of life

4. Binocular Single Vision can be:
• 1. Normal – Binocular Single vision can be
classified as normal when it is bifoveal and there
is no manifest deviation.
• 2. Anomalous - Binocular Single vision is
anomalous when the images of the fixated object
are projected from the fovea of one eye and an
extrafoveal area of the other eye i.e. when the
visual direction of the retinal elements has
changed. A small manifest strabismus is.
therefore always present in anomalous Binocular
Single vision

5. The advantages of a Binocular vision
• 1. The first and the foremost advantage of a
binocular vision is single vision.
• 2. In addition to single vision it results in
stereopsis – the most precise kind of depth
• perception
• 3. Enlargement of the field of vision
• 4. Compensation for blind spot and other
differences

6. GRADES OF BINOCULAR VISION
• Grade I: (simultaneous perception)
• it is the power to see the two dissimilar image
simultaneously
• Grade II: (fusion)
• It consist of the power to superimpose two
incomplete but similar images to form one
complete image.

7. Grade III: (stereopsis)
• It is the capability to perceive the third
dimensional image