Bulimia and other eating disorders (manual) english

Elena Arreguín Osuna
www.elenaarreguin.com
Twitter @ElenaArregun

Bulimia andBulimia and
AnorexiaAnorexia
Anorexia and Bulimia are silent and high risk
diseases that every day are gaining ground among
young people of both sexes.
Even before these diseases were more common in
women in their adolescence, today the numbers of
cases in young women, mature women and girls
have been increasing.
Anorexia and Bulimia are silent and high risk
diseases that every day are gaining ground among
young people of both sexes.
Even before these diseases were more common in
women in their adolescence, today the numbers of
cases in young women, mature women and girls
have been increasing.

Psychology of EatingPsychology of Eating
DisordersDisorders
 There is a dysfunction in relation to the link
with food, who become elements of
compensation related to emotional
disturbances such as, fear, sadness,
helplessness, anger, and particularly with the
void left, impossible to heal.
 There is a dysfunction in relation to the link
with food, who become elements of
compensation related to emotional
disturbances such as, fear, sadness,
helplessness, anger, and particularly with the
void left, impossible to heal.

Psychology of EatingPsychology of Eating
DisordersDisorders

AnorexiaAnorexia Causes

Bulimia NervosaBulimia Nervosa
• Bulimia Nervosa is a disease that is
characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating
or food binge, accompanied by a feeling of loss of
control. Later, the person uses various methods
such as vomiting or laxative abuse to prevent weight
gain.

• The food binge can be used as a “Self-
punishment “ for not being happy with
himself.
• The person Sick of bulimia always looks
fat, even if their weight is normal, but can
not suppress their cravings. Usually bulimia
manifests after taking numerous harmful
diets without medical supervision.
Origin

BulimiaBulimia Cycle
Purgative
conducts
Low self esteem
Strict diet
Hunger, anxiety Binge eating
Guilty feelings

Depending on the type of purge are:
• Purging: When used as compensatory
behavior; Vomiting (emesis), laxatives,
diuretics, enemas, or even taeniasis (intake by
solium) to remove as soon as possible the
food from the body.
BulimiaBulimia Types

BulimiaBulimia Types
• Non purgative: In this case fasting and
excessive exercise are used as
“Compensatory mechanisms" following the
binge eating. But no regular self-induced
vomiting, abuse of laxatives, diuretics or
enemas.
• Non purgative: In this case fasting and
excessive exercise are used as
“Compensatory mechanisms" following the
binge eating. But no regular self-induced
vomiting, abuse of laxatives, diuretics or
enemas.

No purgative: The Nonpurging type occurs
only in about 6% -8% of cases of bulimia, as it
is a less effective method of removing the
body such a large number of calories. This
type of bulimia usually occurs also in those
with the purging type, but is a secondary form
of weight control..
BulimiaBulimia Tipos

BulimiaBulimia Psychology
• It is based on the idea that only
through thinness and attractiveness,
they will succeed in society. Bulimia
often occurs along with a strong
sense of emotional insecurity and
serious self-esteem problems,
directly related to the weight or body
image (Self-image).

BulimiaBulimia
• Often, people with Bulimia come
from dysfunctional families. Many of
these people have even
alexithymia, ie, the inability to
experience and express emotions
consciously.
• A high percentage of people with
bulimia have been sexually abused
in childhood.
• In extreme cases, there is
flagellation and threaten against his
own life.
Psychology

BulimiaBulimia
Direct
Effects.
Brain
Depression, anxiety.
Mouth
Caries, dental enamel wear,Caries, dental enamel wear,
mucosal wounds.mucosal wounds.
Blood
AnemiaAnemia
Throat, esophagus
Sores, irritation, esophagealSores, irritation, esophageal
or gastric rupture.or gastric rupture.
Stomach
Ulcers, pain.Ulcers, pain.
Heart
Arrhythmia, failures,Arrhythmia, failures,
low pressure andlow pressure and
pulsepulse..
Bowels
Constipation, irregularConstipation, irregular
movements, diarrhea,movements, diarrhea,
cramps.cramps.
Skin
DrynessDryness
Hair
Loss of hair.Loss of hair.

AnorexiaAnorexia
• It is an eating disorder
characterized by an altered
perception of body image, a refusal
to maintain minimum weight for
height, a terror of being obese and a
great fear of gaining weight. The
preoccupation with food or by what
you eat and the fear of becoming fat
is an essential part of this disorder.
• We can distinguish two groups of
anorexic patients: the Compulsive
Restrictive and Purgative.

AnorexiaAnorexia Sub-types
Restrictive type: Weight loss occurs
through diet or intense exercise. Here
there is no purging. The diet can be so
strict that they may eat only one cookie a
day.
Compulsive purging type: resort to
unhealthy methods such as self-induced
vomiting to lose weight. At first start to
ease the burden of conscience for eating,
but later becomes a habit.
Either because there has been a food
binge or eat little, always need to be
purged to stay calm with what they have
done and knowing that they will not gain
weight.
It can skip from Bulimia to Anorexia and
vice versa.

AnorexiaAnorexia
Direct
Consequences
• Anemia
• Low potassium levels in
blood
• Cardiac arrhythmias
• Dehydration
• Menstrual disorders,
amenorrhea.

AnorexiaAnorexia
• Dysphonia.
• Alteration or loss of tooth
enamel.
• Pain in the throat.
• Frequent fainting and
dizziness.
• Hair loss.
• Autoflagellation and
suicide attempts.
AnorexiaAnorexia
Direct
Consequences

AnorexiaAnorexia Statistics in
México

Between 2 and 3 million
people in the rank of 9 and 17
years suffer from anorexia
and bulimia in Mexico.
AnorexiaAnorexia Statistics in
México

Binge EatingBinge Eating
DisorderDisorder
Better known as compulsive overeaters, is
characterized by recurrent binge eating where
doesn't exist an inappropriate compensatory
behavior typical of Bulimia nervosa.
For a diagnosis of Binge Eating Disorders should
be the following criteria:
1. Intake, in a short period of time, of an amount of
food definitely superior to most individuals could
consume at the same time and under similar
circumstances.
2. Feeling of losing control over eating during the
episode (eg a feeling that one can not stop
eating or control what or how much one is
eating).

VigorexiaVigorexia
It is a mental disorder not strictly alimentary but
does share the pathology of obsessive
preoccupation of the figure and distortion of
body schema.
The most common signs are:
1) Constantly Looking at yourself in the mirror
and still feel fat.
2) Investing all possible hours doing exercise to
lose weight.
3) Also diets low in fat and rich in carbohydrates
and protein to build muscle mass.

RecoveryRecovery
1) Accept the disease.
2) Face it.
3) Seek assistance through
multidisciplinary treatment, including
nutritional counseling, endocrinology
consultation, individual and group
therapy, psychiatric treatment with
antidepressant use and participation
in self-help groups like Overeaters
Anonymous and Narcotics
Anonymous.
4) The emotional environment plays a
major role in the recovery process.

Red lights.Red lights.
 Parents should pay close attention when
their sons or daughters are highly
concerned about their weight, count
calories constantly, lowered and raised
Kilos quickly and have a diverse range of
clothing sizes in their closet.
 In the specific case of bulimia, be alert
when their children go to the bathroom right
after eating and in anorexia when they say
stop eating or have an upset that constantly
keeps them from eating.

FamilyFamily
PreventionPrevention

Away from homeAway from home
PreventionPrevention
After the family, school is where people
establish the first links and codes of
relationships in situations of life. Be aware of
their experiences and class mates and
friends without incurring direct interference,
will serve to guide them.
However, if they are firm in their convictions
and self-confident at home, they will be
protected anywhere.

SourcesSources
Of information
BA in communication and author of the
book. Hunger Bullying and other types
of abuse. Bulimia
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
México
Faculty of Psychology.
Foundation Ellen West
Araceli Aizpuru
www.ellenwest.org
Web page; Interrupted Innocence
www.inocenciainterrumpida.net
Magazine Padres e Hijos
August 2012
Magazine Generation Anáhuac
August / September 2012

Bulimia and other eating disorders (manual) english

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