Separation of Lanthanides/ Lanthanides and Actinides
Organic Chemistry
1. The study of carbon-based compounds
and their properties.
2.
3.
4. Historically the distinction between
inorganic and organic substances was
based on whether or not they were
produced by living systems. It was
believed that some sort of “life force”
was needed to synthesize them.
5. NH4OCN H2N—C—NH2
O
urea
In 1828, the German chemist Freidrich Wohler
(1800-1882) prepared urea from the inorganic
salt ammonium cyanate by simple heating.
6. Hydrocarbons:
contain only hydrogen and carbon
Hydrocarbons can be divided into different
types, depending on their bonding.
Hydrocarbons
Aliphatic Aromatic
Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes Cyclic
7. Naming Organic Molecules
Alkanes - - Carbon chain, no double
or triple bonds. All single bonds
(saturated)
Alkenes - - Carbon chain, contains
double bond(s) (unsaturated)
Alkynes - - Carbon chain, contains
triple bond(s) (unsaturated)
8. Naming Organic Molecules
There are two parts to the main name
of each molecule…
prefix: tells the
# of carbons in
main chain or ring
suffix: tells the
type of bonding in
the chain or ring
9. Prefix: indicates number of carbon
atoms in the main chain or ring
1 meth-
2 eth-
3 prop-
4 but-
5 pent-
6 hex-
7 hept-
8 oct-
9 non-
10dec-
22. Don’t write this example down, but watch to see
where we’re going with this…
23. (Although you will be required to include the H’s if you take IB Chemistry)
24.
25.
26. “Normal” v. Branched
“normal” hydrocarbons are straight
chains; no branching
Branched-chain hydrocarbons – isomers
of “normal” hydrocarbons; have same
formula, but different structures