Notes

1. What emotions do these facial expressions
portray?

2. Nonverbal Communication
Before someone processes our verbal messages,
 He/She has taken in our appearance
 Registered our enthusiasm and sincerety
 Noted our tone of voice and processed all into
nonverbal message.

3. NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION
 Non -Verbal Communication is the message or
response not expressed or sent in words or
suggestions.
 our non-verbal behaviour is mostly subconscious

4. Functions of Nonverbal
Communication
 To regulate interaction
 To express or hide emotion and affect
 To present an image
 To express power and control

5.  Communication researchers found that only 7% of a
message’s effect are carried by words ; listeners receive
the other 93% through non -verbal means.
 Bird Whistell suggested that spoken words account for
not more than 30-35% of all our social interactions.

7. TYPES OF NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
 Kinesics
 Paralanguage
 Proxemic
 Chronemics
 Haptics
Clothing or Artifactual

8. Kinesics

9. "The bodily gestures, postures, and
facial expressions by which a person
communicates nonverbally with
others”

10. Maintain attention
Add emphasis to speech

11. Basic Types of Body Language postures
1.OPEN / CLOSED: People with arms folded and legs crossed
and bodies turned away are signaling that they are rejecting
messages. People showing open hands, fully facing you and both
feet planted on the ground are accepting them.
2.FORWARD/ BACK :When people are leaning forward and
pointing towards you they are actively accepting or rejecting the
message. When they are leaning back, looking up at the ceiling,
doodling on a pad, cleaning their glasses they are either passively
absorbing or ignoring

12. Spain’s Prime Minister José Zapatero
clearly looks uncomfortable, despite the
smile on his face, when compared with
Jacques Chirac’s open, comfortable body
language.

13.  The second way is to use a prop of some sort by
holding something in front of them as a defensive
shield. This could be a handbag, briefcase, folder or
glass. Queen Elizabeth, for example is rarely seen
without a prop of some sort.

14. What should we
do????????????

15.  Stand erect with your shoulders back.
 Use open body language, holding your hands to
the side of your body.
 Stand with your legs slightly wider than normal.
 Avoid ‘fiddling’ with jewellery, ties or jacket
buttons.
 Don’t stand behind any thing/object.

16. Kinesics
 Eye Contact
 Facial expressions
 Gesture
 Posture

17. . Facial Expression
Forehead
Eyebrows
Nose
Wrinkles
Outer edges up
Upward
Anger
Anger
Contempt

18. Eyes
Centered
Gazing Up
Gazing Down
Gaze on the Side
Wandering
Focused
Thinking
Shame
Guilty
Disinterested, Bored

19. ARMS
Arms Crossed Angry, Disapproving
Open Honest, Accepting

20. HANDS
On Top of the Head Amazement
Scratching Head Puzzled , Confused

22. Common Gesture Clusters
Readiness
 Readiness is related to the goal-oriented high achiever
with a concern for getting things done.
 It communicates dedication to a goal and is usually
communicated by sitting forward at the edge of a chair.

24.  Clearing one’s
throat
 Covering the mouth
with hand
 Tapping fingers
 Whistling,
 Jingling pocket
change
Common Gesture Clusters
Nervousness

25. Common Gesture Clusters
Boredom or Impatience
These unproductive feelings are usually conveyed by
the
 Drumming of fingers
 Cupping the head in the palm of the hand,
 Foot swinging
 Looking at your watch or the exit.

26. Common Gesture Clusters
Enthusiasm
It is conveyed by
 A small upper or inward smile
 Hands open and arms extended outward
 Eyes wide an alert
 A lively and bouncy walk
 A lively and well-modulated voice.

27. What does this symbol mean to
you?
 In the United States it is a
symbol for good job
 In Germany the number one
 In Japan the number five
 In Malaysia the thumb is used
to point rather than a finger

28. Notice Body Language
• relaxed or tense body and how it changes with
discussion
• open or closed posture and how
it changes with discussion
• body language that is incongruent with words
• intensity of movement as an indicator of
mood, personality, or outlook on an issue

29. Proxemics

30. Space
Status
Culture
Age & Gender
Regard

31.  People of equal status maintain a shorter distance
than people of unequal status.
 Women stand more closely together than do men.

32. Edward T. Hall’s 4 levels of distance
 Intimate
 personal
 social
 public

33. Four Space Zones

34. Four Space Zones for Social Interaction

35. CHRONEMICS (Time)
 How do we manage and
react to others’
management of time
 duration
 activity
 punctuality

36.  The way we perceive time, structure our time and react
to time is a powerful communication tool, and helps
set the stage for the communication process
 Time can also be used as an indicator of status
 The way different cultures perceive time can influence
communication

37. Monochronic VS Polychronic
 Do one thing at a time
 Take time commitments
(deadlines, schedules)
seriously
 Are committed to the job
 Do many things at once
 Consider time commitments
an objective to be achieved, if
possible
 Are committed to people and
human relationships

38. HAPTICS
 The sense of touch

40. ARTIFACTS (Dress, Belongings, etc.)
 Material objects as an extension of oneself
 Clothing has the power to influence
 The situation governs appropriate dress

41.  Studies have found that people who talk
louder, faster, and more fluently are more
persuasive
Paralanguage

42.  Pace /rate
 Pitch
 Quality of voice
 Stress

43. Functions of Silence
 Time to Think
 Hurt Others
 Response to Anxiety
 Communicate Emotional Responses
 Achieve Specific Effects
 Nothing to Say

44. ATTENDING
SKILLS

45.  THE WAY WE CONVEY TO THE OTHER
PERSON THAT WE ARE ENGAGED IN
COMMUNICATION WITH HIM/HER.

46. WHY ARE ATTENDING SKILLS
IMPORTANT????????

47. • Demonstrate respect
• Build rapport
• Encourage talk, openness
• Foster cooperation
• Lessen intensity of confrontation, conflict
• Allow you to fall back when you are“lost”

48. GENERAL ATTENDING
SKILLS
VISUAL / EYE CONTACT
DO:
• While talking look at people in their eyes
• show empathy with your eyes
DON’T:
• stare off or avoid eye contact
• shift your gaze continuously
• break eye contact abruptly

49. VOCAL QUALITIES
DO convey genuine interest with your…
• speech tone
• rate
• volume
• pauses
DON’T:
• sound bored, hurried, sleepy, overexcited
• forget to allow for silence
• allow for too much silence
• talk too loudly or softly (not matching volume)

50. NONVERBAL
ENCOURAGERS
Encourage communication without saying a word by
using…
• nodding
• welcoming hand gestures
• smiling and other positive facial expressions
• empathic expression
• open posture
• leaning in at interesting points