18. Osmolarity and Tonicity Comparison Compare to Fig 5-35 A is isosmotic to B A is hypotonic to B
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20. the end Electrical Disequilibrium and Resting Membrane Potential (pp.156-163) will be covered at the beginning of Ch 8
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Editor's Notes
Familial Hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal dominate disease which occurs about 1 in every 500 people . The homozygous FH is more rare, occuring with the frequency of about 1 in a million. The statistics for the homozygous FH is not surprising though, since patients suffering from two alleles of this gene usually do not survive pass their teens. The condition of hypercholesterolemia in FH patients are detectable at birth or shortly thereafter. The cholesterol levels in heterozygous patients are between350 to 500 mg/dL, and in homozygous, the levels are between 700 to 1,200 mg/dL (see NCEP table for comparison).
large lipophobic molecule secretion: mucus and protein hormones
Ouabain = Na + /K + -ATPase inhibitor – cannot penetrate through cell membrane.
Is osmosis the same as the diffusion of water? Almost but not exactly. -volume change Force (such as pressure) can oppose osmosis not diffusion
NaCl is considered to be functionally nonpenetrating, as it gets pumped out of cell as soon as it enters.
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