Ancient Greek Sculpture During The Archaic Period

Ancient Greek Sculpture During The Archaic Period
Greek Sculptures
The Greeks are known to have taken the art of sculpture making to a whole new level of precision, intricacy and proportion, especially in the human
anatomy field. They gained their first inspiration from commemorative art of Ancient Egypt, some Middle Eastern Countries, and Persia.
They tended to use bronze and clay in the early ages, but after the 6th century BCE, marble was used as their main material for sculptures, as it has
high workability and ability to be refined and altered.
Archaic Period
During this period, major alterations took place in ancient Greek. The culture itself was affected, and Greek art took a different turn – instead of
abstract and geometrical shapes, more realistic art was starting to take place. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As it was because of him that the name of a small town in Greece, became a worldwide term for a type of long–distance running race.
Ever since, Classical Greece ascended during the Golden Age, bringing with it a more advanced form of Art.
The Golden Age
The Golden Aged rose, and with it came a more refined approach to the art of Sculpting, specifically in the deception of the human body.
The subject matter of these sculptures was mainly the portrayal of religion, mythological creatures, and legends or important people in society. This
was because the Greeks relayed more on their art to document their present.
The sculptures featured more flexibility – unlike the stiffly positioned Archaic ones –, accurate human proportions, and paid more attention to small
details in the body such as muscles, veins, skin flaws, etc. This helped create much more smooth and realistic interpretations.
Bronze sculptures took a rise for a while, as bronze had much more flexibility than marble, and allowed the sculptor to create more body positions.
Unfortunately, bronze was majorily used at that time for weapon–creation and was quickly cancelled
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Importance Of Architecture In Ancient Greek Architecture
Classical Architecture spans over a vast amount of time, although the main period Classical Architecture is said to have started is during the Archaic
Period in Ancient Greece. Greece during these times wasn't a unified nation, but many independently governed city states. They all varied in power,
forces, defenses, economy, etc. Even though these city states remained separated throughout Ancient Greece there was a unifying force. Greek
mythology was an ideology that had been supported all throughout Ancient Greece. A polytheistic religion that had various gods, as well as many
forms of the same god specific to certain areas. The King of the Gods was Zeus, and the next two most influential Gods were Hera, and Athena. The
importance of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although the Ionic order was much slender and was based on the proportions of a women. It was based out of the Aegean Islands of Greece. The
Ionic also differed because it had a base and a sculpted frieze, and was also topped with a cornice and a pediment. What visually set the Ionic order
apart from the other orders although was the volutes on the capitals. Lastly, the last order invented by the Greeks was the Corinthian order. This column
was the slenderest of all the columns and the tallest. It was built to the proportions of a young women and came out of the Greek Islands. The top just
like the others housed a pediment, but the entablature only had dentils. What really sets the Corinthian order apart although is the sculpted capital in
the shape of acanthus leaves. This order was the most ornate and wasn't built until Hellenistic times in Ancient Greece. Nevertheless, the Greek orders
were intended for the religious temples that made the Greeks well known.
Many Greek Temples shared very common floor plans, a central cella housing a shrine to the corresponding god the temple is for. As well as
periptural columns, that wrapped around the exterior of the building. Greek floor plans were inspired by the megaron plan, which led to symmetry
being a key element in the construction of temples as well. Greeks also were known for using limestone and marble for temples. But during the end of
the Archaic period in Ancient Greece

Comparing The Greek And Greek Statues Of The Archaic Period
Something that jumped out at me from the reading was the subtle differences between the kore and kouros statues of the Archaic period and those of
the Early Classical Period. The Archaic Period lasted from around 600 to 480 BCE. The kore and kouros statues of this time period obviously show
how they are older than the Early Classical statues because they resemble Egyptian sculpture more. In Art: a Brief History by Marilyn Stokstad and
Michael W. Cothren, the Anavysos Kouros, stands with his fists clenched, arms at the side, one leg in front of the other, and the famous Archaic
smile on his face (107). The idea that clenched fists and one leg forward symbolizes power is interesting to me, but I can see why they do it because it
seems to symbolize

What Are The Similarities Between Ancient Greece And Rome
Two great civilizations from Europe, ancient Greece and ancient Rome, are now most famous for their political, cultural, and religious influence. Their
influences are both equally impactful to the world, but it doesn't necessarily mean that they had the same ideas and contributions as each other. They all
had some differences in lifestyle and economy.
For starters, Rome and Greece had opposite terrains. City states that were in Greece were separated by giant hill borders, whereas in Rome, most
areas were situated in the interior of Italy. Greece had local resources like the many surrounding bodies of water to rely on. Rome had to rely on
some different things. The article, "Greece and Rome (Differences & Similarities)" states that, "In Italy, around Naples, Mt. Vesuvius produced fertile
land by blanketing the soil with tephra which aged into rich soil". This rich soil is fertile enough for the Romans to farm and raise crops from. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Greek artists focused on creating artistic pieces, regardless of how accurately real that it was. Since Greek Art had a variety of art, they were separated
into three categories: Mycenaean, geometric, archaic, and the Hellenistic period. Roman artists focused on realism and portrait making. Art was valued
in Roman households as aesthetically pleasing decorative objects.
Greece and Rome's economy both relied on agriculture, mining, and slaves. Both of the places also used coin currency. Greece had many self–farmers,
though, which caused some trouble. "Greeks ideally lived on small self–sufficient wheat–producing farms," the article explains, "but bad agricultural
practices made many households incapable of feeding themselves". Romans took business seriously. They were involved in trading, dominating the
agricultural world with their olive oil and wine, and shipped their wheat. Greece did not favor trading, as they viewed that profession very

Greek Art Research Paper
– Sculptures are by far the most important form of ancient Greek art, but only a small amount of sculptures have actually survived the years
–The first statue/ sculpture was from c. 630BC.
–Greece was the first ever country in Europe to have made sculptures
–Greek art was based off of many different cultures such as Japan and Egypt
–Early greek sculptures were very block shaped during the Archaic period (480–333BC)
–Greek sculptures are mainly divided into 3 different time periods – Mycenaean Art, Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic.
–Mycenaean art (1550 BC–1200 BC) is the first era that we find surviving examples of Greek art.
–During the Hellenistic period (330–300 BC), sculptures were mostly based off of ordinary people and events.
– ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They had no characteristics that would suggest that the gods/ godesses were greater or more powerful than ordinary humans
–You may think that all these statues would last well, being made mostly out of stone and limestone. But:
–Not many classical statues or sculptures survived until today. (Stone statues can break easily and metal ones were often melted to be re–used for
making other things. Limestone can also be melted to make lime. Lime is an ingredient used in cement)
–Greeks were very skilled at working with metal.
–Most statues/ sculptures were made out of marble, bronze, wood, limestone and terracotta because they were abundant in Greece
–Sculptures were
–Bronze sculptures were usually rare because there was a huge risk there would be holes and cracks in the metal as it cools
–Some of the famous Greek sculptors were Praxiteles, Lysippus and Myron.
–Phidias was one of the creators of the sculptures on the Parthenon
–Sculptures were usually based out of humans, gods and goddesses.
–Some of the well known Greek sculptors were Praxiteles, Lysippus and Myron.
–Phidias was one of the many creators of the sculptures on the Parthenon which was built in c.

Greek Art Research Paper
The Ancient Greek Era in a whole was a exotic and refreshing time for art and human sophistication. As we take a ride to the Aegean sea and the
Mediterranean sea, the Cycladic islands invite us to explore the abstract sculptured art that reminds us of our modern times. The
Crete and Minoan civilization gifted us with alluring architecture to include appealing palaces.
Additionally, Mycenaean art period embraced more schematic art on their sculptures and pottery. The Aegean period set the grounds for the
forthcoming rest of the Greek art period. Of course, with the destruction of the Mycenaean palaces and citadels the legend says the
Mycenaean civilization moved on further up north during the "Greek Dark Ages". This caused the Geometric and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
For that reason this sculpture was quite scandalous but the civilization ended up approving it. Again more of a natural pose of Praxtiles, unlike male
sculptures this one was softer and radiant in the flesh.
Finally, the Hellenistic period came around and the most important event was the death of Alexander the Great. His empire is broken in to pieces, the
art in the Hellenistic period is quite dramatic due to the circumstances at the time. The Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon both were the most
significant art piece of this time. In this piece we encounter and feel the drama of the battle between that of the giants against the Gods. In Athena at
Pergamon she looks in control and victorious over her enemies. In the Altar of Zeus, he also seems composed and triumphant. Both pieces have a
sense of heroism and fearfulness together, it is a symbol to the
Greek period of greatness and golden ages.
All together the Ancient greek period from the Aegean period all the way to the
Hellenistic period was an awfully amazing and thought–provoking era for us art enthusiasts. The most meaningful artifact in all of the era of the Greeks
is the Kritious boy sculpture, it was the beginning of natural standing, a art. Without this artifact and movement the following art in

Ancient Greece: Monarchy, Oligarchy And Democracy
Ancient Greece underwent many political changes and therefore experienced various forms of government including monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny,
oligarchy and democracy. First, I will be defining each form of government. Then, I will explain how Athens alone was affected by each of these.
A monarchy could be compared to a kingdom, in which one person has the sole leadership through birth to the royal family (Cartwright, 2018).
Depending on the monarch, political power may have been shared with the state's citizens (Cartwright, 2018). The political power within an aristocracy
was reserved for the state's most fortunate by succession (through birth), who shared most of a state's wealth, and who were known to be well–spoken
(Brand, n.d.). Tyranny... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An aristocracy existed before its democratic reform in the archaic period (Brand, n.d.). Athens was ruled by the wealthy landowners, which was the
cause of slavery due to the growing debt of the less privileged (Brand, n.d.). Athens even experienced a Tyranny, by Pesisistratos, at a time when
democracy first appeared in the archaic period of Greece (Cartwright, 2018). While he did not murder the prior ruler, he convinced the Athenian citizen
that he should hold the sole power through the direct, of course false, approval of the goddess Athena (Greek Boston, 2018). Since he received his
power from Athens' citizen, the attention shifted further from the aristocrats to the poorer citizen (Greek Boston, 2018). Athens' democracy developed
thereafter and ensured all citizens had equal rights and political involvement if they chose to, particularly through the people's assembly (Brand, n.d.).
Finally, after the Peloponnesian War, Athens' democracy was disrupted by a weakened economy, which caused an oligarchy enforced by the Spartans
(Planeaux,

The Heroism, Divine Support, and Greek Unity Displayed in...
In early fifth century BC Greece, the Greeks consistently suffered from the threat of being conquered by the Persian Empire. Between the years
500–479 BC, the Greeks and the Persians fought two wars. Although the Persian power vastly surpassed the Greeks, the Greeks unexpectedly
triumphed. In this Goliath versus David scenario, the Greeks as the underdog, defeated the Persians due to their heroic action, divine support, and Greek
unity. The threat of the Persian Empire's expansion into Greece and the imminent possibility that they would lose their freedom and become
subservient to the Persians, so horrified the Greeks that they united together and risked their lives in order to preserve the one thing they all shared in
common, their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first battle of the Persian War, the Battle of Marathon, took place in 490 BC. King Darius sent troops to Greece which stopped at each Greek
island along the way demanding "earth and water," which both literally and symbolically represented submission to the Persian empire. The Battle of
Marathon exemplifies the heroic action of the Greeks. The Athenians, led by one of their ten generals, Miltiades, unflinchingly faced the Persians, an
army over twice the size of theirs, and triumphed. The Athenians won the Battle of Marathon because they employed superior military strategy. There
are some discrepancies, however, between different literary sources about how the Greeks fought the Battle of Marathon. For instance, Herodotus
claims that the ten Athenian generals could not decide whether to go into battle. He writes that Miltiades talked the other generals into fighting.
Herodotus writes that they waited for days for Miltiades to lead the army, and then they went into battle (Hdt. 6.110–111.2). According to Nancy
Demand, however, Herodotus, unaware of the right of the polemarch to make all final decisions, wrote that Miltiades decided when to lead the men
into battle, because the longer they delayed the battle, the better chance the Athenians had that the Spartans would make it in time to help. Regardless
of any conflict between sources, the heroism of the Athenians cannot be denied. Marathon represents "the victory of a small contingent of men fighting

Herakles Research Paper
The myth of Herakles was popular to the Greeks for a number of reasons. Part of the myths attraction was due the many themes and morals in the story
such as heroism/pathos, feminism, colonialism. Herakles has been a lasting influence to the cultures across the world, and they have depicted Herakles
in three different time periods: 5th Century Greece, 17th Century Baroque and 21st Century New Zealand. Herakles was a multifaceted figure with
contradictory characteristics, which enabled later artists and writers such as Euphronius, Peter Paul Ruben's and Marian Maguire to pick and choose
how to represent him. Hercules was of this category, a mortal apotheosised upon death, sired by the highest divinity,Zeus, but of a human mother,
Alcmene. Herakles ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Maguire's observation that Herakles functions in her series as a cultural cipher, malleable and familiar, even in this unfamiliar setting. The unexpected
blending of his life–story with the distinctive mythology of New Zealand provides a disconcerting perspective on these stories. By giving Herakles,
the familiar foreigner who never seems quite at home, the task of colonising New Zealand, Maguire achieves an element of intellectual distance. This
figure, "...with its established symbolic baggage, seems at first glance to simplify, even do away with, the complex and messy dynamics of
colonisation."(Marian.M). In fact, Herakles' mythological remoteness allows, paradoxically, a closer engagement with the difficult realities of colonial
history; his translocation to the South Pacific enacts in the most dramatic way the collision of worldview which comprises the origins of New Zealand
as a modern

Patera Essay
The explicit journey through the history of Patera The Patera found in Greek South of Italy during the Archaic period c. 500 BC. Was a shallow pan
made from bronze with a Kourous figure as it handle. This research essay will work to prove how the form of the Patera served a greater purpose to it
functions through its significance journey through the craftsmanship of bronze, superior status of the Kouros and multipurpose usage it served. The
bronze material which the Patera was crafted from is a valuable resource to the Greek and Romans. It is primarily used in Greek and Roman art
because of its tensile strength, thus validating as to why the Greek and Romans were possessive over the material. Furthermore, its unique handle of
the nude Kourous... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It started out as a cup to pour libations and eat out of during dinners or at religious ceremonies. (Wonderlich, Silvia A 165). However, it was
different from other drinking vessels. It was used as a piece of weaponry or armour prop by King Pterelas during his comedic plays (Polt,
Christopher 233). The verb potirara means to drink which plays off the word Pater. (Polt, Christopher 233). The connection between potirara and
Patera had an influence on how the audience had looked at King Pterelas, he was portrayed as a drunk (Polt, Christopher 233). Pterelas was not a
king who merely drank, but one who drank continuously (Polt, Christopher 233). King Pterelas was not the first to use the Patera as a prop. On
Corinthian coin of Augustus, Octavia is represented seated holding a scepter and a Patera (Frazer, J.G 23). It only makes sense to have a goddess
pose with something just as valuable as she is. When the Patera was not being used as prop it was used as a form of sacrifice (Walker, J). The
blood of the victim would go into the Patera has poured into the sea by the way of libation (Walker, J). Most religious people would abstain from
eating or drinking from the Patera because of the sacrifices that were being done (Smith, William and Anthon, Charles 738). The Pateras function
meant a lot to people either in a form of entrainment, status role or religious purpose. It was not taken for

Mycenaean's To The Dark Ages
The period we call Ancient Greece dates from 3000BC – 1 BC. Ancient Greece is divided into six different periods. The Bronze Age 3000BC– 2200
BC, Mycenaean Period 2200BC – 1100BC, The Dark Ages 1100BC– 800BC, The Archaic Period 800BC – 500BC, The Classical Age 500BC–336BC,
and the Hellenistic Period 336BC – 30BC. Some historians refer to to the time period from 3000BC – 1100BC as the Helladic Period. My research is
about the Dark Ages, so we will focus on the fall of the Mycenaean's to the Dark Ages to the beginnings of the Archaic Period. The Dark Ages is
considered an interesting time period, because we have no artifacts or knowledge about it. The Fall of the Mycenaean's
The Mycenaean's were an alluring and powerful civilization that ruled most of Southern and Central Greece during the Mycenaean period. The
Mycenaean civilization developed around 1600 BCE from what seems like nothing. The Mycenaean civilization sprouted to great heights and became
one of the most supreme civilizations for hundreds of years. The Minoans have been recognized with the fast growth of the Mycenaean's. Trade
between the two civilizations allowed them to flourish. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Mycenaean's embraced the Minoan writing system Linear B, their city–state model, as well as their architecture. The similarities between the
civilizations are so prominent, that previous historians had thought it was just one civilization that had conquered another and made it its own. The
Mycenaean civilization reached its peak around 1300 BCE and was most likely the dominant empire for the Aegean

The Cupbearer
The Enigma of the 'Cupbearer' is a short video in which the narrator introduces viewers to the Cycladic figurine 'Cup–Bearer.' It is a rare figure type,
and the only intact seated 'Cup–bearer' from Cycladic art. The figure is thought to be male because it is in action, and females were often shown
standing with their arms crossed over their chests. In the 'Cup–Bearer' the "male" is made of marble, and is sitting on a stool made from the same piece
of marble. He is holding a cup in his right hand, and is poised as though getting ready to take a drink, make a toast, or offer a libation to the gods. The
meaning of this figurine, and others from this time, is unclear, but it is historically important since it marks an artistic milestone. According

Greek Social Structure
Regarding the Greek polis, I believe it plays an important role in the forming of competiting but not necessarily incompatible Greek cultures and
identities as well as how social organization and political structure evolved. The mountainous area of Greece lead to the division of Greece based on
the available flat lands (The Ohio State University, n.d.). Several settlements in a region would have merged together (or subjugated by others in the
same region) throughout the Archaic period, followed by urbanization (The Saylor Foundation, n.d.). We can see the evidence of this inSparta's dual
kingship (Brand, n.d.). Early in the period, subsistence based farming might have been practiced, but as the polis developed, social order also evolved
and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Mediterranean sea offers transport and communication routes between different poleis as well as Asia and Africa and the mountaineous regions
did not necessarily make land transport impossible (The Ohio State University, n.d.). In the Iliad, the Greeks are referred to as Danaans or Archaeans
or Argives, implying a sense of shared identity (Homer, trans. 2017). However, underlying the shared identity is a sense of identities based on
geographical regions that one come from. In the Catalogue of Ships, we can see examples of this through lines such as "And those who held Athens,
well founded city...........And their leader was Menestheus, son of Peteoos" (Homer, trans. 2017) or "And those that dwel in Lacedaemon, lying low
among the hills, Pharis, Sparta, with...........these were lead by Menelaos of the loud battle–cry" (Homer, trans.). Religion and culture formed a context
for developing the shared pan–Hellenic identity as well as the identity of the poleis. Thus the City Dionysia festival in Athens (MacLennan, 2014)
might have created a sense of solidarity for the Athenians and the Carneia became an important festival for Sparta (Schmitz, 1875), while Pan–Hellenic
rituals and religions such as the Eleusinian mysteries provided a shared sense

Greek Architecture Essay
Characteristics of Greek Architecture:–
INTRODUCTION:–
Instead of covering nearly every bit of space with ornament, as the Egyptians did, the Greeks selected only the best places for it, and thus gave it its
proper effect. The decorations, especially the sculptures, were one of the chief features of a Greek temple. Besides their temples the Greeks built many
theaters which may be studied from their ruins, but of their dwelling–houses almost nothing remains to us.
The Greek style is noted for the repose, harmony, and proportion of its effect. These are terms we might use in speaking of a painting, but they relate
to the composition of a building which is, in many respects, similar to the composition of a picture. In selecting his ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The most important of the Ionic temples left to us is the Erechtheum at Athens. It differs from other temples in its irregularity. This makes it doubly
interesting for it shows that although the Greeks nearly always adhered to one simple form, they could dispense with it when they wished. In the
Erechtheum, they wished to provide for several shrines in one building, and under one roof. The irregularity they have made so beautiful and
interesting that it is a wonder they did not repeat the idea many times in other structures. Its two colonnades of different designs, its remarkable north
doorway, and the famous caryatid porch to the south are unsurpassed. Another temple, that of Artemis (Diana) at Ephesus, was known as one of the
seven wonders of the ancient world.
THE GREEK CORINTHIAN ORDER:–
This is the most ornate of the classical orders, and the most slender in its proportions. The capital is shaped somewhat like a bell inverted, and is
adorned with rows of acanthus leaves. A great example of the, third, or Corinthian order is the monument of Lysicrates at Athens.
"Straight is the line of duty."
"Curved is the line of beauty"
"Follow the one and it shall be; The other shall always follow thee."
For such reasons, Greek architecture was called "Intellectual".
"Where on the Aegean shore a city stands,
Built nobly, pure the air and light the soil;

Athens, the eye of Greece, mother of arts and

External Factors Affecting Ancient Greek Art
The origins and evolution of ancient Greek art were vastly influenced by a myriad of external and internal factors. External factors affecting ancient
Greece, namely its contact with other civilisations through trade and conflict, had a particularly extensive influence on Greek art. Although its internal
influences had a considerably smaller impact, ancient Greece's political climate and prevalent societal ideologies were often reflected within its art. This
is discernible through an assessment of the external and internal factors which developed ancient Greek art, as well as the how the civilisation
subsequently influenced a multitude of other civilisations.
The interactions ancient Greece sustained with the Minoan–Mycenaean civilisations ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ensuing a period of prolonged recovery, ancient Greece re–established its maritime trade associations during the 8th century BCE and, as accurately
articulated by Hemingway, began to regain its former prosperity and facilitate an upsurge of Greek culture. An exchange network was devised between
the Greek mainland and various regions surrounding the Mediterranean and Black Seas, most prominently Egypt, Asia Minor and the Levant (Hellenic
Foundation, 2011). Through international trade, Greek domestic markets were exposed to a voluminous collection of artistic styles and methods from
surrounding territories, which, as Guisepi asserts, considerably impacted on its art during these formative years. From Greece's renewed Eastern
contacts emerged a notable Oriental influence, which resulted in the formation of the Archaic Period (Biers, 2015). From the beginning of the 7th
century BCE, ancient Greek art rapidly developed a new style which amalgamated its old geometric approach and the recent Eastern influences – with a
focus on the portrayal of the human figure. This Archaic style manifested itself predominantly through freestanding Daedalic sculptural works, which
were heavily based on Egyptian sculpture and Syrian techniques (Boardman, 1965). Archaic Greek art was dominated by two stereotypical figures: the

Research Paper On Ancient Greek Civilization
The Ancient Greek Civilization were around for many, they have been civilization from twelve hundred B.C. to thirty B.C. The ancient Greek
civilization has always been greatly influential since it has been created. The Greeks have been very influential within; literature, philosophy, music,
the visual arts, and architecture. They are one of very few who believed that the quality of human life. The Greeks art, literature, and religious believe
revolve human interests and concerns. Furthermore, they were called the one of the first humanists civilizations in the ancient world. There were
many Greek Gods and each of them having different qualities. Some of the most famous Gods are; Zeus, Ares, and Poseidon. Every one of these gods
have special... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They have made paintings, sculptures, and architecture that has amazed humans for centuries. Most of the Greek wall paintings has disappeared
so our main source of these paintings are vases. During the first three hundred years of Greek art, they painted with geometric patterns this was
commonly called the geometric period. By the archaic period, the Greeks drew about everyday life and about scene from mythology. One of the
last periods was the classical period, instead of using black figured style the Greeks used real human bodies. Sculptures in the archaic period to
honor important people specially to honor the victors of the athletic games They were not as realistic but were made to look perfect. But in the
classical period turn the sculptures into more regular positioning of the human body. The classical Greek architecture were made for the living and
not for the dead. They were temples for them to worship their gods, they had Greek theaters to celebrate life. Both were used public areas for them
so they can all meet together. They also had music and dance, it was believed it was magical and spiritual. Furthermore, the Greeks made many pieces
of literature that we still read today. Some of their most famous pieces are The Odyssey, Oresteia, and

Ancient Greece And Western Civilization
Ancient Greece has contributed many ideas to help shape western civilization. Through their social ideas, Ancient Greece created established social
classes which formed the foundation for social classes that are still used today. Politically, Ancient Greece contributed democracy and the idea of shared
power. Through their culture, Ancient Greece shared their architectural ideas, which are still seen in many buildings today. All of these ideas have been
passed down through generation and are still seen today. Socially, politically, and through their culture, AncientGreece has helped lay the foundation
for the development of Western Civilization The first true Greeks were known as the Mycenaean civilization. The Mycenaean people arrived on the
Peloponnesian peninsula around 8000 B.C. After the Mycenaean age ended, Greece entered a dark age known as the Archaic period. The people of
the Mycenaean civilization lost all of their writing and their heritage was only kept alive by oral tradition. During Archaic Greece, many large city
states such as Sparta, Thebes, Athens, and Corinth arose. These cities built up a military and designed a government and laws for their city to be
keep in order. After the Archaic period, Greece entered into a Golden Age. The Golden Age began with the Persian Wars in 499 BC. Greece. Athens
and Sparta became allies and fought against the Persians for the sake of Greece and were victorious. After the Persian wars, Greece was split into the

Attic Vases In Greek Art
The starting point for Mythical Narrative Art was around 700 BC. This was when the Attic vases began to appear with depictions of myths on the
vases. Around 323 BC is when Attic vases used to depict myths stopped being produced. With the discontinuing of the vases it is said to be the
end of the Greek Narrative Art. The vases are not the only reason 323 BC is the ending period of Greek Narrative Art. Alexzander the Great's death
also signified the end of the Classical period which was the last period of Greek Mythical Narrative Art. There are three different terms that are used
to describe the periods of Greek art. This three terms are Geometric, Archaic and Classical. The Geometric period commenced after the dark ages. The
art in this period... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Artists would manipulate the antagonist in a way that was abnormal or unnatural. The optimal example to use is the scene of Theseus and the
Minotaur depicted on an attic vase. The Minotaur was a being with the head of a bull and the body of a man or known as being part man and part
bull. Because the character of the Minotaur is so outstanding it aids in the telling of the story. The fourth way to make sure a myth was portrayed
correctly was to include an abnormal set of circumstances that provoked an unforgettable scene. An example of this technique is in a section of the
Odyssey. This is when Odysseus is grasping hold of the under bellow of a ram to escape the cyclops, Polyphemus. This unusual scene helps this "myth"
become very much unforgettable. The finale artistry that was used was the clarifications through a mythological series. With this method the artist
would need to illustrate other actions or adventures the character had completed. The clarifications through mythological cycle can be seen by
observing, "The deeds of Theseus". This is a large cup that depicts the significant actions Theseus preformed throughout his

Compare And Contrast Two Works Of Art
ARTW 101 В– Society and Visual Art
University of Redlands
Compare and Contrast Two Works Of Art
Greek culture is the source from which many of the characteristic elements of Western culture derive. Their explorations and innovations in art have
both fascinated and inspired other civilizations for centuries. For this assignment I chose two Greek sculptures viewed at the Getty Museum. The first
is Kouros circa 530 B.C. made of Dolomitic marble from Thasos and is approximately 200 cm (80 in) in height. The second is Cult Statue of a
Goddess, (most likely Aphrodite) South Italy, 425– 400 B.C. made of Limestone and marble. It stands at a height of 220 cm (86 5/8 in). There is some
dispute to the authenticity of the Getty Kouros ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The overall all renditions are block–like and sculpted with geometric reduction of details. The anatomy is made up of planes, completely symmetrical.
The hair, ears, and eyes have been reduced to simple shapes В– again, all identically symmetrical. Kouros is depicted nude, symbolic of Archaic Greece
's emphasis on the ideal individual male and autonomous Greek citizen. In contrast, Aphrodite is a considerably large female (7 feet tall and
substantially wider than the Kouros). Given the larger than real–life scale, this statue probably served as a cult image in a temple. The statue's excellent
state of conservation also suggests that it was kept indoors. It is free standing but also in an anatomical, not just mechanical sense. The pose is full
and rounded, not solely frontal. You get a sense of the body being relaxed, with one hand extended in a gesture that gives a sense of it moving forward.
One foot is also forward with Aphrodite but with the pelvis at an angle to the ground plane creating the position known as contrapposto, the position of
a human figure in painting or sculpture in which the hips and legs are turned in a different direction from that of the shoulders and head; the twisting of
a figure on its own vertical axis. Additionally, no geometric reduction and arrangement of separate parts occurs with Aphrodite. You have a complete
human face with each

Herakles And Athena Attic Analysis
The piece of art that I selected was Herakles and Athena Attic Red Figure made during 490–470 BC, during the Greek Archaic Period which is from
800–479 BC. Therefore, the art arose during the Late Archaic Time Period and Greeks started to shift more to the Classical Period. During the
Archaic Period, there was a vast change in Greek language, society, art, architecture, and politics due to trade. Dates vary by every historian and there
is some flexibility with the time periods. Even though the pottery was made in the Late Archaic Period, the civilization began to change and because of
that, many believe that the Greek mythology played an important role between both time periods. The Classical Period is more well–known due to
"tragedies, comedies, histories, legal cases and more surviving in the form of literary and epigraphic sources." ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
They were scholars "who taught courses in various topics, including rhetoric, a useful skill in Athens." (Violatti) Due to people being charged to go to
a Sophists' school, only high class citizens could attend. Due to the economical and political changes throughout this time, the Sophists represented a
new political era because of their educational understandings. Another philosophical character, Socrates, who were among the Sophists, however, they
did not charge. Philosophers usually focus on the physical world and the nature of it. Whereas, Socrates focused on moral and psychological
questions. "His methodology sought to define key questions such as: what is virtue? what is patriotism? what do you mean by mortality?." Basically,
instead of focusing on the world around them, he started to focus on people and their understandings. Due to his questioning of life, he was put on
trial several times and was offered an escape or a poison. He chose the poison and ended his life. Socrates left behind his philosophy with others who
added onto the future philosophical

How Did Phoenician Culture Influence Ancient Greek Art
According to Soltes (2011), the first Olympics drew the various Greek city–states together in competitions during the time Greek culture began its
emergence during the ninth, eighth, and seventh centuries. It is around this time in Greek history, art assumes its own status, not just an instrumental
tool for religion and politics. Greece's earlier geometric period begins its evolution into what would eventually be referred to as classical Greek art.
During the same time, Greece became colonists as well as cultural and commercial adventurers, making contact with Egypt and Phoenicia which would
influence the new evolved Greek temple structure by the eighth and seventh centuries. The Phoenicians influenced the development of an alphabetic
writing system, "enabling them to harness the great oral literature of prior centuries, to create what would inspire so many of the works of art in the
centuries to follow" (Soltes, L3, ____). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Greek architecture displays certain structural influences of Egyptian and Phoenician cultures. Egyptians popularly used colonnades for architectural
support in temples which symbolized trees within a perfect eternal forest. The Phoenicians temples were designed in a longhouse structure with longer
than wide configuration in which entryways were framed with columns on either side. The Greek Parthenon was designed with these two influences at
work; the structure of the longhouse reminiscent of Phoenician temples and the columns on either side of the doorway which began continuous
colonnades along each length of the structure reminiscent of Egyptian

Polykrates: The Use Of Tyranny In Archaic Greece
The Oxford English Dictionary defines tyranny as, "cruel and oppressive government or rule." In Archaic Greece, however, tyranny held a different
meaning, i.e. rule by an absolute leader. A prominent Classicist Antony Andrewes elaborated on the characteristics of tyrannies and set up some
ground requirements for a regime to be labelled a tyrannical one: existing aristocracy, rise of an outsider to power, reliance on physical force and so
forth. Polykrates is the absolute head of Samos, he came to power after an insurrection, he waged wars with many Greek city states and enforced an
oppressive regime. However, Polykrates also developed infrastructure, promoted the arts and established friendly relationship with some Greek city
states and fought... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Andrewes mentions "connections with other tyrants" as one of his characteristics of tyranny and in Herodotus we can find several evidences to
support this claim. Polykrates is friends with Amasis, the king of Egypt and with Cambyses of Cyrus. Cambyses was already waging war with Egypt
when Amasis and Polykrates were friends (Hdt. P. 224). After Amasis and Polykrates cease being friends, Polykrates supports Cambyses' mission
against Egypt. Cambyses, in return helps Polykrates by sending troops to fight against the Samian exiles. Hence, once the relationship between Amasis
and Polykrates turns sour, it is natural for Polykrates to help Cambyses' mission against Egypt in retribution. Herodotus' accounts of Polykrates'
friendship with other tyrants is credible because tyrants come into power through force and it would be sensible for tyrants to establish friendly
relationship with other tyrants and kings for help during political uprising and colonizing

Adversity, Beauty, Diversity And Beauty In Greece
"The light of Greece opened my eyes, penetrated my pores, expanded my whole being." – Henry Miller. Most Greeks describe their country as
"panemorfi". This word means beautiful in Greece, and that is most definitely what this country is. Greece is an amazing place filled with diversity and
beauty.
Greece has a special natural environment, and the geography of this amazing country plays a huge role. Imagine waking up in a beautiful place,
surrounded by sparkling ocean waters and blue rooftops adorning the horizon. This place is Greece. Located in Southern–Eastern Europe, Greece is a
peninsular and mountainous country. The rocky headlands and peninsulas gravitate outward towards the sea, where there are many island arches and
archipelagos. Archipelagos are clusters of islands, usually residing on the sea or a stretch of water. Greece has more than 2,000 islands, and of those
2,000 only 170 islands are inhabited. Due to its numerous islands, Greece has the largest coastline in Europe(13,676km). Some examples would be the
island of Crete, Cyclades, Dodecanese, Ionian, Sporades, Saronic, and the Eastern Aegean Islands. When you can manage to look past the islands, there
is also the mainland. Sterea(Central Greece), Peloponnese, Thessaly(East Central), Epirus(North West), Macedonia(North), and Thrace(North West),
are all of the regions of the Greece mainland. Along with the many regions, there are also many famous landmarks. Some of these famous landmarks
include

How Did Ancient Greek Influence American Government
The Greek influences inform modern American culture through their complex system of government, and from their advanced conceptual practices of
modern–day mathematics. Also, the revolutionary progresses of this ancient era have impacted societies as a whole, from some of their ingenious
inventions which have been innovated and modified into the most recognized designs of latter–day civilizations. Besides from informing, the Greeks
not only continue to inspire American culture from their successes, but also, many other cultures of the world, and their artists, in distinction to the
perceptive ancient art, poetry, and literature of that time.
Based on the readings of the geography of Ancient Greece, I believe that the largest cities were located ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Archaic government of Ancient Greece and the Democratic government of the modern–day United States are very similar, for democracy
originated from the Ancient Greek Archaic government; yet, their differences are quite note–worthy. To begin, we should recognize how the populace
of the United States is considerably larger than that of Ancient Greece. Regardless, in Ancient Greece and in the United States, citizens were/are
allowed to vote, although in Ancient Greece, but male citizens could vote; while unlike the United States, who lets all citizens over the age of 18 vote.
In Ancient Greece the eligible were all treated equally, and had direct participation in government, which meant that their single vote could either serve
as deciding a new law, if they should go to war, or any other issue at the time. Furthermore, in Ancient Greece, citizens could act as judges, or even
address new laws, freely, without consent. In contrast, the United States' voters all have elected participation in the government, which means that they
elect like–minded representatives who decide on matters for them. In the United States' democracy voters cannot decide on issues, they let their elected
leaders which comprise of three individual branches to

The Standing Male Figure At The Los Angeles Art Museum
The Standing Male Figure stands in an enclosed glass case in the Los Angeles Art Museum. Not a very descriptive name for an artifact with very
minimalistic information about it. The display only described it as the Standing Male Figure from 700–600 BCE made of limestone and found in the
small island country of Cyprus. Cyprus at the time was ruled by the Assyrian Empire until its fall in 609 BCE. The piece is estimated to be during
the Greek Geometric Period and the Greek Archaic Period, but can be compared to some Greek art during the Greek Archaic Period, like the
Kouros. The Standing Male Figure of the 7th to 8th Century could be the Cypriot take on Archaic Greek Art. The statue itself appears to be an
official due to how he's dressed in a robe and that he is posing for the sculptor with his right arm lifted to his solar plexus. The statue is made of
limestone, which is a soft rock that can be easily scratched and damaged. The artifact seems to be very well preserved based off its appearance and
material with a few noticeable scratches on the left shoulder. The hands and feet are clearly seen to be sculpted to represent them. Compared to the
Kouros, the feet are more unnatural on the Cypriot statue. When people think of the Kouros, they think of the Archaic smile where emotions were first
brought into carved statues. The Cypriot statue doesn't have the Archaic smile, it has a more serious look to its face as if it's standing in an
environment where it requires one to be

Greek Comparison Essay
The most significant difference between the Archaic Age Greece and Golden Age Greece include: the Greek city
–states, slavery, life for women, and
marriage. These two different ages, although not far in time, differ a lot from one another. The Archaic Age of Greece was led on by the Greek Dark
Age. The Archaic Age ofGreece was from 750 BCE to 500 BCE. During this time, the creation of the Greek city–states, known as the polis, began. As
defined by The Making of the West, a polis is an independent community of citizens not ruled by a king. The Greek city–state began and flourished
during the Archaic Age which is one of the differences that the Archaic Age holds from the Golden Age of Greece. Another difference is slavery. With
the expansion ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Greek city–states were beginning to see issues arise. Issues with the Persians caused struggle. The Athenians eventually had the confidence to take
on the Spartans for the leadership of Greece, which led to the Athenian Empire. Slavery within the Golden Age of Greece were lacking common rights
and were considered outsiders. Slaves made up a large amount of the city–states and did most of the work throughout the city–state. Slaves would do
many different types of work, including working in homes, in shops, and on farms. Life for women during the Golden Age could be coined as
"traditional." Women would did not have much freedom within the public. Women were expected to spend their time either alone in the house or
with other women. There were some women who were known as "witty and attractive woman who charged fees to entertain at symposium" (Hunt,
91). This woman were called hetaira. These women had certain freedoms that the normal women did not. Marriage was a large deal within the
Golden Age of Greece. Having children was the main duty of the wife in the marriage. Once women had had children, they would earn a certain status
as child bearing was seen as a necessity, obviously. The Golden Age was brought to an end by a war that was between Athens and Sparta that had
lasted a generation

The History of Greek Architecture Essays
The History of Greek Architecture
The architecture of ancient Greece is represented by buildings in the sanctuaries and cities of mainland Greece, the Aegean islands, southern
Italy and Sicily, and the Ionian coast of Turkey. Monumental Greek architecture began in the archaic period, flourished through the classical and
Hellenistic periods, and saw the first of many revivals during the
Roman Empire. The roots of Greek architecture lie in the tradition of local
Bronze Age house and palaces. The following paper will cover the basic forms of Greek architecture.
One of the many types of Greek building structures was Sacred
Architecture. The Greeks conceived of their gods in human form, as
anthropomorphic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This era brought about the introduction of both the Doric and Ionic Orders.
The Doric Order, which originated around 400 BCE brought rise to a whole new type of building technique and style. In the archaic temples, stone
gradually started to replace wood, and some of the structural details of the early buildings appear to have been copied in stone. At Thermon, in
northwestern Greece, a succession of buildings from the Last Bronze Age throughout the sixth century BCE show the evolution of the Doric temple
from a hall shaped like a hairpin to a long rectangular building with a porch at either end and surrounded by columns. The temple of Hera at
Olympia, built about 600 BCE, had wooden columns that were gradually replaced by stone ones, probably as votive gifts. The variety of column and
capital shapes illustrates the evolution of the Doric order. The earliest columns had a heavy, bulging profile, and their capitals were broad and low.
During the archaic period, limestone became the standard building material for foundations, steps, walls, columns, and Doric entablature. Building
such as the famous Temple of Aphaia on Aegina illustrate the dramatic influence of the Doric order.
White the Doric order became the standard for mainland Greece, the
Ionian colonies in the eastern Aegean were developing a very different system of columns and entablature based on Egyptian and Near Eastern
architecture. The tall slender columns, low entablature, and

The Archaic Period: The Growth And Development In Ancient...
"The Archaic Period" During the Greek Archaic Period, (c. 750–480 BC), there are a variety of reasons for the growth and development in the Greek
world such as polis, synoecism, Greek colonization, hoplite, and lyric poetry are just a few. Although each one benefits in some way, they also lead to
unwanted confrontation. The social characteristics and political organization for the Greeks was known as Polis, aka city–sate (Pom., pg. 105). The
early meaning of polis was "city" or "town", however now it is known as "city–state" (Pom., pg 105). Throughout the Archaic Greece Period there was
a constant change in polis and which really changed during the expansion of Greek colonies. Polis really grew by the political unification and unified
polies were stronger and more powerful then those who were not (Pom., pg. 108). For ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
124). However, the armor weighed about seventy pounds and it was insufferably hot inside the armor, also vision through the helmet was not that
great do to the amount of dust in the air (Pom., pg. 125). The hoplite played a key part in the some of the transformation of a polis, such as the
switch from democracy to oligarchy (and vice versa), which happened so much that a major phenomenon happened called tyranny (Pom., pg.126).
Tyrannies did not last long, however this did lead to the Greeks forming alliances with other Greek states (Pom., pg. 149). Lyric poetry where like
epic poetry, they were sung and performed and sometimes had some type of instrument played with it. Lyric poetry was performed mostly for specific
occasions such as weddings, funerals, fables, and so on. Sappho's, a poet, reflects upon the state–of–affairs and political deals and betrayals, which
made some aristocracy realize that they were losing their privileges, and started to cause problem's that lead into the fifth century (Pom., pg.

How Did Religion Influence Ancient Greek Culture
During the Archaic Age, Greeks explored the natural world. In the Near Eastern countries, religious beliefs grew and played a huge role in history. In
the Olympian religion, it was believed that their gods were very human like and shared human–like qualities. They worshiped several gods and
goddesses that had their own personalities and responsibilities. Towns were allegedly built and created by the gods. Monuments and temple were built
for them in cities and towns. The people of Ancient Greece glorified these supernatural beings. Religion became more of a life style rather than religion,
shaping the everyday lives of Greeks as well as their history. The gods and goddesses were not role models like any other religious deities. Because
these

How Did Athens Influence Greek Politics
Two poleis of ancient Greece known as Athens, patron of Athena goddess of wisdom and the birthplace of democracy, and Sparta, renowned for their
prowess in war and the legendary status of their warriors, left a variety of impactful and resounding effects in the spheres of politics, the military,
societal and cultural changes, and economics. Indeed, Athens and Sparta proved themselves to be powerful rivals as well as the predominant powers of
Ancient Greece despite their, or perhaps because of these, respective differences. These contrasts played a central role in shaping these societies and
have since served as templates for many other civilizations that have followed. Within the realm of politics, the governments of Athens and Sparta...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Beginning in Athens circa 800–700 B.C.E, the population expanded at an unusual pace alongside rapidly improving economic conditions. It was
this, "early development of a large middle class," that allowed them to begin exploring the then novel concept of a democratic system (Hunt, 68). As
early as the seventh century B.C.E, the Archaic Athenian government had begun to represent a democracy in its fledgling stages as a direct result of
the success of the entrepreneurial middle class; with, "all freeborn adult Athenian male citizens," reserving the right to vote on public matters by
means of assembly. One such example of this newfound solidarity occurred around 632 B.C.E, with the common masses' triumphant rally in
opposition to an attempt to install an elite Athenian tyrant. After the likes of the harsh legislator Draco in 621 B.C.E, the reforms of Solon by 594
B.C.E, the tyrant rule of Peisistratus in 546 B.C.E, and alight upon the reforms of Cleisthenes in 508 B.C.E, for it was here that true democracy
began to take root and would remain and grow as a result of all that had come and been done before. In 461 B.C.E, Athenian radical democracy took
the following and final form of

How Did Roman Culture Influence Greek Art
In 450 BC, Athens the greek general decided to boast his power and athens prestige by supporting the cities artist and builders. This created some of
the most famous greek building and staches, Many of which were destroyed because they were made of stone or melted if they were metal. This
heavily influenced many cultures around the world, Including the roman empire, Europe, And our culture.
Most of the ancient greek statues were naked because greeks saw perfection in the naked human body. Early statues were called kuros() were upright
and unrealed looking. Over time this changed to them being in a more relaxed position. The majority of these were destroyed over time but many still
remain.
The greeks also painted, however the majority of these ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most of the building were destroyed in war, By earthquakes, or were looted. The paintings were made on wood and were destroyed after they were no
longer protected. Most marble statues were burned into lime and the bronze statues were melted for metal after metal shortages.
Much of greek work that survived is pottery, mostly because it was produced in huge quantities and was more resilient than other forms of art. Most
of these were drinking cups. After a while greek pottery was less of an art and more of an industry which significantly reduced their quality and made
them easily distinguishable from early pottery.
The majority of art that survived is in the form of sculpture. Sculptures of humans were viewed as the most important art form in ancient greece. Many
male sculptures were nude, But sculptures of nude females were only made after 400 BC. The greeks also saw their gods in human form.
Sculptures, however, were not just for artistic reasons. They were used for memorials, offerings for temples, and markers for graves. In archaic
periods sculptures were not made to be depictions of actual individuals but for depictions of ideals. In the classical period sculptures become more
natural looking. From about 500 BC sculptures started showing real

Iron Age Hoplite Warfare and Democracy
Iron Age Hoplite Warfare brings about the First Democratic Societies in Archaic Age Greece, Following the Role of Monarchy, Feudalism and the
Aristocracy
As per the coverage in our course, in the Persian War, a Greek force from Athens set out to meet the invading Persian army at Marathon, and set
them running. They were outnumbered by the Persians two to one, and the Persian army had been the biggest force the Greeks had ever seen. The
majority of the killing took place while the Persians were hastily retreating to their ships. With only 192 dead, the Greeks reduced the Persian force
by 7,000 men; however, the remaining 13,000 soldiers were still a sizable threat if they should sail down and enter Athens proper, and so the Greek army
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They accomplished this by dividing up the remaining powers of the king, such as leading the military, and acting as Chief Judge. The aristocracy
clearly ran things at this time, for although they restricted each other from gaining too much power by limiting offices to one year terms, it was only
the nobles who could participate in this system. There were those in the Mesoi who in fact had more money than many nobles, and yet they did not
have a political voice. Aristocratic control reigned Supreme for the first centuries of the Archaic Age. It was at this time that we have the insights of
ancient sources, written by Hesiod, who's father dug himself out of being poor by becoming a merchant. Able to buy a piece of land, the wealth in land
that was left to Hesiod and his brother, making them representative of the common man found in Greece at the time. His "Works and Days" not only
shares the details of being a farmer, it also reveals the strife between classes at the time: the "bitterness [felt] for the [bribe–swallowing] nobility that
was in charge of

The Temple Of Artemis At Ephesus
THE TEMPLE OF ARTEMIS AT EPHESUS
Molli Layton
Art History 201
Dr. James Swenson
June 2, 2017
The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus is a complex building with a complex history. Located in East Greece, the building underwent many changes, as did
the surrounding Greek society. This paper will discuss the history, architecture, historical context, and sculptures of the temple. An analysis of it's
evolution will also be provided.
The temple was built in mid sixth century BCE. The exact date of construction is unknown. However, a date of around 525 BCE has been suggested
based on the column reliefs found. They are comparable to the frieze of the Siphnian Treasury building. Sculptures have also been found that were of
the style ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The new temple had the same general layout, but the columns were now higher and thicker, with enlarged bases. It became known as one of the
Seven Wonders of the ancient world. The temple experienced further devastation in 263 AD when a group of Ostrogoths attacked it, destroying it
almost completely. This time, the temple was not rebuilt. Later, some of the columns were reused in the building of a palace at Constantinople and
other buildings of later centuries. Very little remains on the temple site today (fig. 2). It has been suggested by John Wood that a church may have
been built after the temple was destroyed, based on dotted lines found in the natural soil, indicating support walls of a church. No other evidence exists
to support this claim. What we do have, however, is many archaic fragments of sculpture and architecture obtained from the site through careful
excavation. Every significant fragment that was found on the site of the temple has been transported to the British Museum. A single column still
remains on the site of the temple in Ephesus, which was built in modern times for remembrance. Because of the discoveries of John Wood, information
about the architecture of the Temple of Artemis has become available. It was constructed primarily of marble. The design was likely not of the typical
rectangular proportions of the time in Greece, but a combination of Near–Eastern design and Classic Greek. Both the earlier and later temples had

How Did Religion Influence Ancient Greek Culture
You've all heard the tales of Greek mythology, been exposed to their Gods, like Zeus, Athena or Hades and seen the countless blockbuster movies based
upon these very myths. These myths, were once very tightly linked to the religion of the ancient Greeks. Although unfortunately, religious practise
wasn't as dramatic as moviemakers and authors like to depict, but rather, from the beginning of Greek civilisation, religion was an integral aspect within
everyday life as it sought to provide an explanation for the occurrences in their world, control the lives of the citizens and regulate all codes of
conduct. In order to delve into the world of ancient Greece and understand the culture and daily life more fully, the historical context of the emergence
of Greek ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Between 2200BC and 1450BC the Minoans who lived on the nearby island Crete pioneered the first great Greek civilisation (Bbc.co.uk, 2016). After
the Minoans came the Mycenaean civilisation, from approximately 1900–1100 BCE, whom are constantly acknowledged as the foundation of Greek
culture. They were the Indo–European ancestors of later Greeks whose chief deity was the sky god Zeus (Gagarin and Fantham, 2010). The
Mycenaean's were greatly influenced by the Minoans, particularly in their worship of earth goddesses and sky gods, which in turn, became the
classical pantheon of ancient Greece (Ancient History Encyclopedia, 2016). Oral tradition passed down deities' names such as Zeus, Poseidon, Hera,
Athena and many more, from late Mycenaean times to the eighth century BC. Homer, a famous Greek author and his works allude to the Olympian
gods, and also in another ancient Greek authors work History of the Gods by Hesiod (Gagarin and Fantham, 2010). After 1100 BC, approximately
when the Mycenaean age concluded, Greece entered a dark age that lasted from 1200–800 BCE. Greece became

Tyranny Research Paper
In this essay I will attempt to prove that a 'typical tyrant' does not exist as each have their own ambitions. The issue with asking whether there is such
thing as a typical tyrant arises from the fact that we must consider what the word 'tyrant' actually means. The Oxford Classical Dictionary states,
"Tyranny was not a special form of constitution, or necessarily a reign of terror; the tyrant might either rule directly or retain the existing political
institutions but exercise a preponderant influence over their working, and his rule might be benevolent or malevolent." , clearly tyranny is not as
simple as the modern connotation of a power–hungry despot. In comparison, the Cambridge Dictionary Online defines tyranny as, "government by a ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Contrary to the modern view of a tyrant as a warlord, some were actually quite invested in the arts and in building projects. Herodotos records that the
same bloodthirsty Periander also supported the poet Arion in his invention of the dithyramb . This suggests another facet to Periander's character (he is
not just bloodthirsty, he is political too) which makes it harder to state that there is such a thing as a common tyrant. Pausanias (AD 110–c.180)
comments on Theagenes' fountain–house at Megara which was, "remarkable for its size, beauty and the number of pillars" ; this show of euergetism
and munificence would make a tyrant seem important, powerful and remind the people that he is their leader. Interestingly, the tyrant of Samos,
Polykrates paid the poet Ibykos to glorify himself with the quotation, "...and you Polykrates will have undying renown" which is a contribution to the
arts and a means of building his own prestige. Thus we see that some tyrants follow a more political and shrewd concept of governance which actually
comes into conflict with Plato and Aristotle's views that a tyrants' rule is barbaric in nature as these same tyrants use wisdom to craft their personae.
In conclusion, there is no such thing as a typical tyrant as ambitions vary between each tyrant. Thus, a leader such as Pittakos is defined by Aristotle as
an aisymnetes which is an elected tyrant whose rule is tyrant–like and non–ancestral meaning that it is not inherited like the Kypselid tyranny. This
illustrates the point that 'tyrant' is just a label used to depict one–man rule and therefore it is difficult to speak of a common tyrant as they each their own

Ancient Greece Research Paper
For this report, I will write a reflection concerning society in ancient Greece. I will include information pertaining to the lives of those who lived in
ancient Greece and what their daily lives consisted of. Social issues and political philosophy will also be discussed along with other material that is
considered significant to ancient Greek society. This concludes my introduction. When didAncient Greece exactly flourish and how? The civilization
known as Ancient Greece was a part of the history of Greece that took place from the Archaic period during the 8th until about the 6th centuries BCE
up until what is known as the end of antiquity 600 CE (wikipedia.org/Ancient Greece). Shortly after the previous period, the early ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
A question that could have been asked is; should sovereignty lie in the rule of law, the constitution, or the citizens? Not agreeing on definitive answers
to these questions, the government in ancient Greece, took remarkably various structures and, across distinctive city–states and over numerous years,
political power could rest in the hands of one individual. What we know of the political systems of ancient Greece originates from a significant amount
of sources. When discussing Athens, it is quite possible to identify a mostly complete history. Only an incomplete image of the systems in most
city–states and many details of how the political apparatus actually functioned are missing. So what exactly is known from this period? There are at
least over a hundred political speeches and inscriptions which include about five hundred decrees and around ten laws. Sources which discuss
government and politics include Aristotle's Politics and the works of Xenophon and Herodotus (Ancient history encyclopedia/Greek government). The
Greeks had many kinds of governments due to the fact that there were a number of different city–states in ancient Greece which each had their own
form of government. As a result of this, ideas about what made a government good varied from time to time. For example, in the Republic, Plato

Birth Of Athena Essay
The Birth of Athena, is an artwork from ancient Greece. More specifically, this is an ancient Greek amphora. The overall context, style, and subject
directly relates to Ancient Greek art, and the craftsmanship of this amphora is astounding.
To begin, the context of this art work is from AncientGreece. At first glance there is no specific purpose to this artwork, common people would just
look at it and notice a vase; however, the amphora was very typical to the archaic period and existed regularity within Greek society. An amphora is a
two handle pot that was typically used to store dry or wet goods, mostly stored wine. Such amphora's and other storage vases date back to the Neolithic
period, but the unique style of this artwork directly relates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This amphora tells the story of her birth. Just plainly looking at The Birth of Athena, you see a large man seated in a chair with soldiers surrounding
him and a smaller figure coming out of the largest figures head. The amphora very clearly displays the mythological story of the Birth of Athena.
Athena is the daughter of Zeus, and on this amphora, Zeus is accurately displayed in hierarchy of scale compared to the rest of the figures. The Greek
mythology behind this birth is that Athena was born right out of her Fathers head, which makes sense considering she is the goddess of intelligence,
fully grown without a mother. Along with Sues and Athena, all of the other important gods within Greek mythology are depicted. Such as, Poseidon,
Apollo, and Amphitrite. You can tell which god is which due to what symbols hey are surrounded with and how each subject is placed on this
amphora. For example, Zeus is the largest and also is holding a lightning bolt. This story was important to Greek society because they worshiped these
gods, and thus they painted them on amphora's such as these to honor and respect the gods. Overall, the subject and context of this artwork is
unarguably Greek, and along with subject and context, the style is Greek as

Pueblo I-III Material
When Prof. Green wrote his conclusion in his March 1969 report, he proposed that there was evidence for Pueblo I–III periods and postulated that
Basketmaker II & III materials should be found in the same area with more survey efforts. All the stone implements I catalogued and analyzed were
given the provenience of "surface" (Green 1969, 1970). Huckell (1996) theorizes that in an archaic setting when the materials are all on the surface, or
shallowly buried, that it is an indication that there were "many multicomponent occupations mixed and then exposed". These were brought to the
surface either by a natural event: erosion, sandstorm, landslide, rockslide, flashflood, etc. Or, possibly the people didn't have enough time to bury their
goods.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As Cordell (1979:419) pointed out, "generally...people do not causally intensify production, do not more invest labor in obtaining food without a
substantial need to do so" and then noted the increase in the Puebloan populations. What Cordell also highlights is that in the particular climate being
discussed, agriculture could not have been sustained long term. This would make the people great adapters in order to survive (Cordell 1979:409).
Thus, while they may have been semi–sedentary, these people knew that eventually they would probably need to move. Cordell (1979:410) reminds
us that this was a normal way of life. Consequently, while the clan or tribe may have been growing, and they were able to stop for a time and do some
minor agriculture, they were not necessarily attached to it. The one–hand mano then, possibly, could be indicative of a psychology that the people
knew they were going to keep moving. It could be that they preferred the one hand method, and conceivably what was the point of switching to
two–hand if they were not looking to produce on a mass scale – even if they had to grind more corn and seeds than

Ancient Greek Sculpture During The Archaic Period

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Ancient Greek Sculpture During The Archaic Period