2. FUNCTIONS
Removes metabolic and liquid toxic wastes as
well as excess water from the organism in the
form of urine.
Getting rid of liquid wastes and balancing the
body’s water level.
Carrying waste out of the body.
For the elimination of waste product of
metabolism as well as other liquid and gaseous
waste.
28. – The nephrons filter out water,
wastes and other substances
like urea and salts from the
blood.
– Followed by the reabsorption
by the kidney of water and
other essential substances like
amino acids and glucose.
– The chemicals actively
removed (urea,salt,etc.) from
the blood and the filtrate not
reabsorbed from the urine.
29.
30. – Urine formed in the kidney passes
into a long, narrow tube called
ureter.
– Ureter from each kidney
connects to the urinary bladder,
a sac of smooth muscles that can
hold 400 to 500 mL of urine.
– When the urinary bladder is full, it
contacts and forces the urine
throughout the urethra.
– The process of expelling urine is
called urination.
31.
32. Kidney Stone
• form in the ducts or
hollow organs of the
body. There is a
tendency for large
stone to suddenly block
the water
33.
34. SYMPTOMS
• Kidney Stones can be a real pain! Kidney stones
are a mass inside of the body that is formed of
small crystals. Kidney stones can be as small as
a grain of sand and can grow to the actual size
of a rock.
• Kidney stones can cause great discomfort to
the patient depending on where the stone is
located. The good news is kidney stones can
be treated with the proper medical attention a
t the first sign of a kidney stone.
• The first step is knowing the symptoms of a
kidney stone and getting treatment.
35. TREATMENTS
• With medicine and technology today your symptoms
of kidney stones can be possibly eliminated and at
the very least your symptoms minimized. There is a
procedure called shock wave that will allow the
doctor using a machine to send shock waves to the
actual stones causing them to break into pieces
small enough to pass through your urine.
• Although the symptoms of kidney stones can be
treated with various techniques there are things you
can do as well to prevent the stones from recurring or
growing You should brink 8 to 10 glasses of water a
day to continuously flush the kidney and bladder.
36. UTI (Urinary Tract
Infection)
•infection of urinary
system due to
bacteria.
•This ailment is mostly
experienced by
woman than men
37.
38. SYMPTOMS
• The urge to urinate frequently, which may recur immediately after the
bladder is emptied.
• A painful burning sensation when urinating. (If this is the only
symptom, then the infection is most likely urethritis, an infection
limited to the urethra.)
• Discomfort or pressure in the lower abdomen. The abdomen can feel
bloated.
• Pain in the pelvic area or back.
• The urine often has a strong smell, looks cloudy, or contains blood.
This is a sign of pyuria, or a high white blood cell count in the urine,
and is a very reliable indicator of urinary tract infections.
• Occasionally, fever develops.
39. TREATMENTS
• Antibiotics (medications that kill bacteria) are the
usual treatment for bladder infections and other
urinary tract infections. Seven to ten 10 of antibiotics
is usually required, although some infections may
require only a single dose of antibiotics.
• It's important that all antibiotics are taken as
prescribed. Antibiotics should not be discontinued
before the full course of antibiotic treatment is
complete. Symptoms may disappear soon after
beginning antibiotic treatment. However, if
antibiotics are stopped early, the infection may still
be present and recur.
43. SYMPTOMS
• Steady, severe pain in the upper
abdomen that increases rapidly
and lasts from 30 minutes to several
hours.
• Pain in the back between the
shoulder blades.
• Pain under the right shoulder.
• Nausea or vomiting.
44. TREATMENTS
• intake of only clear liquids to give
the gallbladder a rest,
• avoid fatty or greasy meals,
• take acetaminophen (Tylenol, etc.)
for pain.
