2. What is a motor?
Device that converts electrical or other energy into mechanical
energy or imparts motion
Concerned with or involving muscular movement
3.
4. AC Motor:
The motor that converts alternating current into mechanical power
by using an electromagnetic induction phenomenon.
Two parts: stator and rotor
Stator: stationary electrical component
rotor: rotates the motor shaft
Two types
o Synchronous motor
o Induction motor
Induction motor classified in to two main groups:
Single-phase induction motors
Three-phase induction motors
5. Single Phase Motor:
The main components of a single phase motor are the rotor and
stator winding. The rotor is the rotating part, the stator winding
helps in rotating the rotor.
The winding has got 2 parts; One main winding and an auxiliary
winding. The auxiliary winding is placed perpendicular to the main
winding. A capacitor is connected to the auxiliary winding.
uses:
Mostly used in homes and small businesses
6. Three Phase Motor:
A 3-phase induction motor has two main parts : a stationary stator and a
revolving rotor
The operation of a 3-phase motor is based up on the application of
Faraday Law and the Loretz force on a conductor
7. DC Motor:
It is an electric motor designed to be run from a direct current power source
Mainly there are two types of DC Motors
Separately Excited DC Motor
Self-excited DC Motor
Self-excited motors are further classified as three types:
Shunt motor
Series motor
Compound motor
8. Factors To Consider In Selecting
Electric Motors
A motor must do three things:
1. Start the equipment load
2. Drive the load once it is started
3. Survive the abuse of the surroundings in which it operate
9. Steps to motor selection:
Start with two basic parameters
Speed
Torque
Configure motion compass with specific application requirements
10. Type of Power Available
230-volt motor should not be used if only
115-volt circuits are available
Three-phase motor cannot be operated on electrical system with only
single-phase service
Typical Operating Voltages:
11. Size of Motor:
Rated in Hp
Refers to the power that it will develop when the motor is turning at
full speed
“Rules of Thumb” for estimating size needed:
If equipment can be operated by hand, a 1/4 Hp motor will
usually be adequate
If gasoline engine is to be replaced by electric motor, an electric
motor approximately 2/3 the Hp rating of the engine will be
adequate
Replace tractor PTO with an electric motor of approximately the
same Hp
12. Starting Load:
Selected motor must produce adequate starting torque to start the
load
Commonly–used motors:
Split phase
Capacitor start-induction run
Capacitor start-capacitor run
Repulsion start-induction run
Series or universal
Shaded pole
Three-phase
Capacitor start-induction run & Three-phase are the most common
and produce highest starting torque
13. Speed Requirement:
Rated at the speed the shaft will turn in revolutions per minute (rpm) when
motor is operating at full speed
Rpm of motor should be speed needed to operate equipment at proper
speed
Bearing type
Sleeve bearings
OR
Anti-friction bearings
Require less maintenance and can be mounted in any position
14. Base Type:
Rigid base
Sliding adjustable base
Cushion mount
Reduces vibration & wear
Determined by application of motor
15. Environment:
Provide proper protection from surroundings
Typical motor enclosures:
Open drip proof
Splash proof
Totally enclosed-fan cooled (TEFC)
Explosion proof
Totally enclosed-air over (TEAO)
Totally enclosed-non ventilated (TENV)