Decision-Based Learning - Is it a sample to sample or a sample to population?

1. When you are working with nominal proportional data,

2. When you are working with nominal proportional data,
you need to determine if you are being asked to compare
a sample to another sample

3. When you are working with nominal proportional data,
you need to determine if you are being asked to compare
a sample to another sample or a sample to a population
or a claim.

4. Here are your options:

5. Here are your options:
Sample to Sample
Sample to Population

6. Let’s look at a few examples to distinguish sample to
sample from sample to population comparisons.

7. Sample to Population

8. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (9 out of 10) customers are very satisfied with a
particular vacuum brand.

9. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (9 out of 10) customers are very satisfied with a
particular vacuum brand.

10. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (9 out of 10) customers are very satisfied with a
particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum brand owners
and ask them if they are very satisfied with the product.

11. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (9 out of 10) customers are very satisfied with a
particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum brand owners
and ask them if they are very satisfied with the product.
Fifteen respond that they are very satisfied and five
respond that they are not.

12. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (9 out of 10) customers are very satisfied with a
particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum brand owners
and ask them if they are very satisfied with the product.
Fifteen respond that they are very satisfied and five
respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly accurate or not?

13. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (9 out of 10) customers are very satisfied with a
particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum brand owners
and ask them if they are very satisfied with the product.
Fifteen respond that they are very satisfied and five
respond that they are not.
First of all, we know that we are dealing with
nominal proportional data because there is a
percentage (90%) or a proportion (9 out of 10 /
Is their claim statistically significantly accurate or not?
15 out of 20).

14. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (9 out of 10) customers are very satisfied with a
particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum brand owners
and ask them if they are very satisfied with the product.
Fifteen respond that they are very satisfied and five
respond that they are not.
First of all, we know that we are dealing with
nominal proportional data because there is a
percentage (90%) or a proportion (9 out of 10 /
Is their claim statistically significantly accurate or not?
15 out of 20).

15. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (r 9 out Percentage
of 10) customers are very satisfied with a
particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum brand owners
and ask them if they are very satisfied with the product.
Fifteen respond that they are very satisfied and five
respond that they are not.
First of all, we know that we are dealing with
nominal proportional data because there is a
percentage (90%) or a proportion (9 out of 10 /
Is their claim statistically significantly accurate or not?
15 out of 20).

16. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (9 out of 10) customers are very satisfied with a
particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum brand owners
and ask them if they are very satisfied with the product.
Fifteen respond that they are very satisfied and five
respond that they are not.
First of all, we know that we are dealing with
nominal proportional data because there is a
percentage (90%) or a proportion (9 out of 10 /
Is their claim statistically significantly accurate or not?
15 out of 20).

17. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (9 out of 10) customers Proportion
are very satisfied with a
particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum brand owners
and ask them if they are very satisfied with the product.
Fifteen respond that they are very satisfied and five
respond that they are not.
First of all, we know that we are dealing with
nominal proportional data because there is a
percentage (90%) or a proportion (9 out of 10 /
Is their claim statistically significantly accurate or not?
15 out of 20).

18. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (or 9 out of 10) customers are very satisfied with
a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum brand owners
and ask them if they are very satisfied with the product.
Fifteen respond that they are very satisfied and five
respond that they are not.
First of all, we know that we are dealing with
nominal proportional data because there is a
percentage (90%) or a proportion (9 out of 10 /
Is their claim statistically significantly accurate or not?
15 out of 20).

19. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a claim by an infomercial is true. They claim
that 90% (or 9 out of 10) customers are very satisfied with
a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum brand owners
and ask them if they are very satisfied with the product.
Fifteen respond that they are very satisfied and five
respond that they are not.
First of all, we know that we are dealing with
nominal proportional data because there is a
percentage (90%) or a proportion (9 out of 10 /
Is their claim statistically significantly accurate or not?
15 out of 20).

20. So, now we know that we are dealing with nominal
proportional data.

21. So, now we know that we are dealing with nominal
proportional data.
In this case the nominal data
consists of 1s and 2s.
1 = very satisfied with the vacuum
2 = not very satisfied with the
vacuum

22. So, now we know that we are dealing with nominal
proportional data.
In this case the nominal data
consists of 1s and 2s.
1 = very satisfied with the vacuum
2 = not very satisfied with the
vacuum

23. So, now we know that we are dealing with nominal
proportional data.

24. So, now we know that we are dealing with nominal
proportional data.
The nominal data is proportional
because it is reported as a
proportion or a percentage:
Percentage = 90%
Proportion = 9 out of 10

25. So, now we know that we are dealing with nominal
proportional data.
The nominal data is proportional
because it is reported as a
proportion or a percentage:
Percentage = 90%
Proportion = 9 out of 10

26. So, now we know that we are dealing with nominal
proportional data.
Or
Percentage = 75%
Proportion = 15 out of 20

27. Then, we determine if this is a sample to sample or
sample to population question.

28. Here is the problem again:

29. Here is the problem again:
You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?

30. A population is a defined
group where all the
members are accounted
for in terms of some
outcome.
You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?

31. In this case the defined
group is all customers
You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?

32. The outcome is vacuum
satisfaction
You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?

33. The outcome is vacuum
satisfaction
You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?

34. Since it states all
customers, then we
assume we are talking
about a population.
You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?

35. In most cases it will not
state “all customers” but
a population is implied
by the claim “9 out of 10
are very satisfied”.
You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?

36. So, we are comparing
this population
You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?

37. You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?
So, we are comparing
this population with this
sample.

38. You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?
So, we are comparing
this population with this
sample.

39. This is an example of a
So, we are comparing
this population with this
sample.
You have been asked by your marketing
team leader to determine if a claim by an
infomercial is true. They claim that 90% of
all customers (9 out of 10) are very
satisfied with a particular vacuum brand.
You select a sample of 20 of these vacuum
brand owners and ask them if they are
very satisfied with the product. Fifteen
respond that they are very satisfied and
five respond that they are not.
Sample to Population problem
Is their claim statistically significantly
accurate or not?

40. Sample to Sample
Sample to Population

41. What does a sample to sample problem look like?

42. Let’s look at the same example with some slight changes
to it.

43. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a sample of owners of vacuum brand “X”
have statistically different satisfaction results (80% or 8 out
of 10 satisfied) with a sample of owners who use vacuum
brand “Y” (75% or 7.5 out of 10).

44. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a sample of owners of vacuum brand “X”
have statistically different satisfaction results (80% or 8 out
of 10 satisfied) with a sample of owners who use vacuum
brand “Y” (75% or 7.5 out of 10).
First, we know that we
are dealing with nominal
proportional data.

45. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a sample of owners of vacuum brand “X”
have statistically different satisfaction results (80% or 8 out
of 10 satisfied) with a sample of owners who use vacuum
brand “Y” (75% or 7.5 out of 10).
First, we know that we
are dealing with nominal
proportional data.

46. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a sample of owners of vacuum brand “X”
have statistically different satisfaction results (80% or 8 out
of 10 satisfied) with a sample of owners who use vacuum
brand “Y” (75% or 7.5 out of 10).
Second, we are
comparing two samples.

47. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a sample of owners of vacuum brand “X”
have statistically different satisfaction results (80% or 8 out
of 10 satisfied) with a sample of owners who use vacuum
brand “Y” (75% or 7.5 out of 10).
Second, we are
comparing two samples.

48. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a sample of owners of vacuum brand “X”
have statistically different satisfaction results (80% or 8 out
of 10 satisfied) with a sample of owners who use vacuum
brand “Y” (75% or 7.5 out of 10).
1st Sample
Second, we are
comparing two samples.

49. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a sample of owners of vacuum brand “X”
have statistically different satisfaction results (80% or 8 out
of 10 satisfied) with a sample of owners who use vacuum
brand “Y” (75% or 7.5 out of 10).
Second, we are
comparing two samples.

50. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a sample of owners of vacuum brand “X”
have statistically different satisfaction results (80% or 8 out
of 10 satisfied) with a sample of owners who use vacuum
brand “Y” (75% or 7.5 out of 10).
2nd Sample
Second, we are
comparing two samples.

51. You have been asked by your marketing team leader to
determine if a sample of owners of vacuum brand “X”
have statistically different satisfaction results (80% or 8 out
of 10 satisfied) with a sample of owners who use vacuum
brand “Y” (75% or 7.5 out of 10).
This is an example of a
2nd Sample
Sample to Sample problem

52. Sample to Sample
Sample to Population

53. Which problem type are you working on?

54. Which problem type are you working on?
Sample to Sample
Sample to Population