1. The document discusses three Filipino movies - Kabisera, Shift, and Blue Bustamante - and analyzes them through the lens of several communication theories. In Kabisera, Reinforcement Theory and Cognitive Dissonance Theory are demonstrated. Shift shows Uncertainty Reduction Theory and Expectancy Violation Theory. Blue Bustamante exemplifies Interpersonal Deception Theory and Elaboration Likelihood Theory. 2. The movie Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon portrays the Philippines under Spanish colonial rule. Filipinos were unsure of their identity and easily influenced by what Spaniards told them due to their lack of education. However, some Filipinos resisted Spanish domination

1. CINEMAONE ORIGINALS 2013
Norie Grace B. Corral
BACR 2-2
1.) In the movie Kabisera, Andres with his wife called his friend Jose and consulted him
about the drugs that he found while he was fishing in the sea. He then asked his friend about
what is he going to do on the drugs. Jose gives his advice telling his friend that they can
negotiate about this thing and sell it. The Reinforcement Theory entered when Jose tries to
convince Andres explaining how the drugs will be sold, how will they share their parts on the
profit that they will earn and what consequences they will get from it including the benefits that
can changed the social status of their family. As Reinforcement Theory stated that attention,
comprehension and acceptance are considered by the audience before a new opinion is adopted.
this is what Jose tried to do to influence how Andres will decide about what to do on the drugs.
At first, Andres does not agree with the proposal of Jose but as the conversation goes on, Andres
agreed and believed to Jose because his friend explained it in a way that is favorable to him. The
next one is when Andres is deciding whether to stop selling drugs or not, he used his central
route because he think of it very much weighing what consequences are possible to arrive if he
continued it, but the situation is not in his favor because his son was accidentally hit by a vehicle
and due to huge expenses in the hospital, not minding of the bad effects of selling drugs, he used
his peripheral route and continued dealing drugs. The Elaboration Likelihood Theory was
observed. While Cognitive Dissonance Theory was seen in the part where Andres knows that
selling drugs will help uplift their social status so he continuously doing it but when he found out
that his son was already involved in bad activities in their place, he felt guilty that karma will
follow him.
In the movie Shift, Uncertainty Reduction Theory was manifested when Stela went to
work as a call center agent and had a new team wherein they are going to present themselves
about what is their name and the thoughts that makes them happy because of the new team, Stela
met Trevor and they become acquaintance since Trevor asks about Stela’s life and stela respond
in return. They get to know more each other when Stela and Trevor become friends and talk
about their lives, interests and love experiences that is where Social Penetration Theory comes
in. But Expectancy Violation Theory exists in the scene where Stela realized that if a girl like her
even manly with her actions can fall for a guy, then a gay like Trevor might feel the same way
but she was disappointed because Trevor only treats her as a friend.
In the movie Blue Bustamante, Interpersonal Deception Theory was seen in the part
where George lied to his wife and family that he is working as an engineer in Japan that
whenever they are sending messages to each other, what his wife know is that he works as an
engineer but the truth is that he is a double stunt man character in the show Force Five. George
and his friend Roger go to work in Japan and lived together in the same house, and when they

2. went to the “beer garden”, his friend told him that he was envious of George. Roger admitted
that all the girls that he said he is writing a letter to in the Philippines is not true. He shared that
he went to work in Japan to leave his obligations taking care of her grandmother. Then George
told his friend about his good qualities and advised him. In that scene, Social Penetration Theory
was observed. Elaboration Likelihood Theory was manifested when George thinks so much on
how he will admit to his wife and family in the Philippines that he is not really working as an
engineer in Japan but while he is talking to his wife on the phone he find out that his son idolizes
Blue Force (in which he is the double stunt man character) so he immediately told the truth to his
wife but unfortunately did not heard it because the line is choppy.
2.) Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon represents the condition of the Philippines in
the time of the Spanish colonization. Spaniards became dominant and Filipinos became the
prisoners of their own land. Priests and educated men are the only respectful and powerful at that
time. And in that, Filipinos are much affected and become influenced on the way they will think
and act about their life and culture. The movie represents the Filipino people as unsure about
their own identity. They do not have high educational attainment that time so they are treated as
Indio and whatever the Spanish people told them, they easily believed in it. They don’t even
know how to be categorized as a Filipino citizen. I remember in one scene where Kulas’s
Chinese friend also believed that he is a Filipino because he said that he was born and raised in
the Philippines and that if you are Tagalog, Chinese, or Spanish, you are a Filipino. Filipinos at
that time were being under the rule of Spaniards paying taxes for the Spanish government and
following what has been ordered to them. If the Spaniards knew that you disobeyed them, they
will throw you to jail and will eventually kill you. But not all of them are submissive to the
Spanish government because many of them did not stop to free the country. Instead, they made a
revolution to fight for their own land.
It is very evident that the movie manifested the Reinforcement Theory. Maybe because
some Filipinos are so naive, they tend to believe what the Spansh told them. In one scene for
example, the lawyer of Father Gil explained to Kulas that he will soon become a Filipino only if
he already have a high educational attainment and become successful. Then of course Kulas
believed to it. Another scene that can prove it is at the last part of the movie. When Kulas
encountered some children and talked to them. He explained that they are Filipinos, those young
people changed and have their new mindset that they are a Filipino which they will carry out
until the time that they grow up and build the new generation.