Research Events In Australian History Post 1770

Research Events In Australian History Post 1770
VU21481 Research events in Australian history, post 1770
Student Name : Fong Hock Chuan
Student ID : GEC000003H
TASK 1
1. Tahiti , New Zealand , The Great Southern Land (Australia)
2. The sea was dangerous , the winds did not always blow in the right direction and it was such a
long way and difficult to bring enough food and water.
3. People could make a lot of money from trade and from gathering natural resources.England was
very interest in setting up a naval base and supply post in the Southern Hemisphere.
4. Captain James Cook was a Seaman in the Royal Navy and was also an astronomer ,
mathematician , cartographer and photographer.
5. He a seaman in the Royal Navy. He is also an astronomer , mathematician , catrographer and ...
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They were acted as servants to the settlers or carried out hard labour in gangs. At night , they were
locked up in a small wooden huts behind stockdales. Convicts who commited further offenes in the
colony , punishment were brutal. Fifty lashes was a common punishment. If convicts continued to
cause trouble in Australia , they were sent to more isolated penal colonies or prisons . There they
were forced to work from dawn to dusk . If they disobey or escaped , they were whipped , chained
in irons or executed.
4.The prison guards look after the convicts that behave good could apply or petition the governaur
to have thier families brought out from England and in some case , they could be assigned to work
for thier free settler families. Convicts who work hard could obtain their ' ticket of leave '. The
prison guard were very strict on the convicts , thier punishment were brutal. Convicts who disobey
or continues to cause trouble could be sent to more isolared prison or to be killed.
5.Daily life for the convicts was strictly controlled and defined by routine. Food was the most
cherished part of the prisoner's life and the convicts in the Fremantle ate quite well compared to the
colony at the time. Convicts in work parties outside the prison received a better variety of food
including cocoa with milk and molasses , cheese were once a week on Sundays , mutton or beef ,
and suet pudding on Thursday . Convicts were only given one plate to hold thier food. Extra food
was
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Edward Hammond Hargraves: The Australian Gold Rush
Edward Hammond Hargraves was a notable figure in Australian History. He was a gold rush
prospector and his claim to fame was that he was said to have discovered gold in 1851, which
initiated the start of the Australian Gold Rush. Edward Hargraves was born on the 7th October 1816
at Gosport, Hampshire, England to parents Elizabeth and John Edward Hargraves, a well–
recognised lieutenant. He went to school at Brighton Grammar School but aspired to travel and
explore. With this aspiration behind him, he set sail at the age of 14, and arrived in Sydney, Australia
in 1832. Here he was hoping for a successful start to his future.
However, as the years passed, success seemed elusive. He tried his hand at many jobs but never
really achieved in any of them. This included working on a property in Bathurst, gathering tortoise
shell in the Torres Strait. He even purchased ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He was spreading his wings and hoping he would find riches in America. Yet the tale continued in a
similar vein, and he found no luck in prospecting in California. Though his success was not much,
Hargraves certainly was not one to give up and with his perseverance, He returned to Sydney in
January 1851. His plan was to win a fortune not by mining but by claiming a government reward for
finding the first gold in Australia. On his way to the Wellington area he saw promising samples at
Guyong and, with the assistance of a man by the name of John Lister, found five specks of gold in
Lewis Ponds Creek. In the next weeks, he travelled through most of that area with some success. His
campaign depended on finding gold rich deposits and knowing he was unable to do this alone, he
enlisted the help of Lister and other recruits, to continue the search, teaching those panning
techniques and other methods that he had learnt during his time in

Ellen Clacy Research Paper
Ellen Clacy True, Diarist and Illustrator This is the writing of a true, Diarist and illustrator who
wrote about her life on the gold fields of Ballarat. Her name is Ellen Clacy. If we didn't have her
books we wouldn't have known about a lot of the importance of the gold rush as we do nowadays.
Ellen Clacy was born in the year 1820 in London, England. She had one brother named Frederick, a
mother called Ellen Louisa Sturma (1830–1901) and a father called Charles Berry Clacy (1825–
1882). Ellen Clacy had a husband called Henry Northcote and a child called Henry Felix Northcote
(born 1881). In her early life Clacy wrote novels and illustrated kids books. In 1852 when Ellen's
brother Frederick heard about the gold rush in Ballarat he planned

Australia In The 1800s
During the late 1700–1800s australia was made up of separate colonies, a country struggling to stay
intact, low food supply and numerous convicts entering Australia. Throughout the 1700–1800s
sutian reform changes have allowed the thriving development of Australia to be a completed
country, such as the wool industry and gold rush. Within the 1600s the dutch were the first
europeans to reach australia, although in 1770 James Cook claimed australia for britain. Australia
still had been distant, forty thousand years ago the first settlers had probably been citizens from
southeast asia. But it was known that the first years of settlement were nearly disastrous. Supposedly
the land had been cursed with spoiled soil, unfamiliar climate, ... Show more content on
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The first had been the Australian Wool Industry which dates from 1797 when john Macarthur and
reverend samuel Marsden imported spanish sheep, merino sheep, to attempt a wool industry. Up
until the the only sheep in the colony were fat–tailed sheep which the first fleet brought with them
from cape of good hope. The second had been the 1808' Rum Rebellion on january 26, officers and
men of New south Wales corps marched to government house in sydney australia, in act of rebellion
against governor william Bligh. Bligh had been arrested and the colony was placed under military
rule.(coup, is the term known when the military takes over). furthermore was the Gold Rush a
discovery that changed the nation. in 1851 Edward Hargraves discovered a grain of gold and was
convinced that the similarity of geological features between australia and the californian gold fields
bounded well search for gold around his homeland. He was rewarded ten thousand australian dollars
plus a life pension. The discovery marketed the begining of australia gold rush, and a tremendous
change in the economic and social fabric or the nation. Thus the west indian trade, the west indies
continued improving their industry and broadening the basis of production. In 1886 miscellaneous
exports began to form an expanding proportion of west indian trade. The british had taken from
them, sugar,rum, cocoa, dye woods,

Greek Immigration To Australia Case Study
Greece, a country full of loving, loud and funny people has greatly impacted on Australia's
immigration identity with almost 47% of greeks in Australia (recorded in 2014).
In the 1920's a strict system limited the number of non–British immigrants to Australia, Greeks
included between 1925 and 1929. This meant only 100 Greeks were allowed to immigrate each
month.
Gold rush immigration:
The first significant Greek migration to Australia began in the 1850s during the gold rush. The
government of Australian migration schemes targeted Greek and Italians in the 1950s and 1960s.
More Greek settlers came to Australia came with the gold rushes in the 1850s.
WW2 destruction influence on Greeks:
After World War II, with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
1830–1930 most came by boat. 1930 onwards most came by plane because around 7% were killed
on a boat and hardly any got killed in a plane.
Why did they come?
The Greeks were coming to Australia for a lot of reasons.
They attracted immigration from countries with a younger workforce, inability to find jobs in their
home country combined with Greece's need for cheap labor (especially in small–scale family
businesses). Another primary factor in this large–scale rise in immigration is also the narrowing of
the gap in terms of living standards between northern Europe and southern Europe, therefore,
leaving Greece with very little to no living standards, expect the debris and wreckage of the war.
What hardships did they face?
The Greeks had some struggles like; finding jobs in Australia and finding a place to stay. Another
hardship for the Greeks is that they had to learn English, therefore, creating a language barrier.
How did they contribute?

Greece brings many cultural riches to Australia like the wine industry, different types of cheeses and
olives. Bringing the wine industry bring many high–quality employees, therefore, improving
Australia's standard of wine. Many Australians embrace in a positive sense and enjoy the Greek
culture by trying eating the contribution of Greek

The Effects Of The Gold Rush On Australia
The discovery of gold had lasting effects on Australia.One of the main effects of the gold rushes was
on the growing agricultural industry.Many men who worked on the farms,sheep and cattle stations
simply downed their tools and left.Workers,owners,roustabouts,stockmen and jackaroos,simply left
their jobs for the lure of the gold fields.Often,women and children were left to tend the stations their
husbands left behind.As a result,Aboriginal labour became more popular.The gold rushes saw the
rise of loyal Aboriginal stockmen and jackaroos who were willing to work long and hard for perhaps
less pay than their predecessors.Also,because major gold discoveries were made in Victoria,this
newly separated state suddenly found itself very wealthy.Immigrantion

Australian Gold Rush Research Paper
The Australian Gold Rush
The Australian gold rush was a series of immigrations by workers, both local and from overseas, to
areas which had confirmed discoveries of gold deposits. A number of different gold finds were made
prior to 1851, but the only gold found after this date initiated gold rushes. This is mainly because
before this date, the government of New South Wales had suppressed the fact that there was gold in
the area as they believed that is would destabilise the economy, and reduce the amount of workers
which were present at the time.
After the Californian gold rush began in 1848, causing many to leave Australia for California in the
search for gold there, the New South Wales government re–considered its position and applied for ...
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When the rush began at Ballarat, diggers discovered it was an extremely rich goldfield. Lieutenant–
Govenor, Charles La Trobe visited the site and observed as five men uncovered 136 ounces of gold
in one day. That is 159,827USD in today's dollar, in one day. Mount Alexander was even more
prosperous than Ballarat. With gold sitting just under the surface, the shallowness allowed diggers to
easily and effectively uncover gold nuggets. In just 7 months, 2.4 million pounds of gold was
transported from Mount Alexander to nearby capital cities.
The gold rushes caused a huge influx of people from overseas. Australia's population more than
triped in 1851 to 1871. Australia became a hugely multicultural society during the gold rush period.
Between 1852 and 1860, 300,000 people migrated to Victoria from the British Isles, 15,000 came
from other European countries, and 18,000 came from the United States. Non–European
immigrants, were very unwelcome, especially those of the Chinese

Australian Aboriginal Society
Australia is located south of Papua New Guinea, in the southern and eastern hemispheres and is
surrounded by the Pacific and Indian oceans. The absolute location is 25.2744° S, 133.7751° E. The
island is thought to have been inhibited by Aboriginal people since 70,000 B.C. The Dutch were the
first Europeans to land on the west coast of Australia, and named the island "New Holland". In 1770
British explorer James Cook discovered the east coast of Australia. He landed in Botany Bay
(Sydney), and named the territory "New South Wales".
Rapid population increase and high crime in England led to the colonization of "New South Wales"
(Australia) and the establishment of a penal colony on the island. On May 13, 1787 England sent 11
ships ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most of the immigrant resident population were born in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, China,
India, Philippines, or Italy. While English is the official language, there are over 200 different
languages in Australia. Approximately 15% of Australians speak a language other than English at
home. There are many religions represented in Australia and the country does not have an official
religion. The majority of Aussies are Christian (65%), with 25% of those being Roman Catholic.
Approximately 3% of Aussies practice Buddhism, 2.5% Islam, 1.3% Hinduism, and 0.5% Judaism.
Australian culture has its roots in British culture, but also has major influences from the native
Aboriginal population as well as the large immigrant population. The country has a vibrant visual
and performing arts scene. The Sydney Opera House and the Museum of Contemporary Art are big
attractions. The vivid light festival is a very popular 3 week event held in Sydney each year. Sports
are a big part of Australian life. There are over 120 national sporting organizations; cricket and
rugby are the most popular.
Like any country, Australia has some environmental, economic, and social problems. Climate
change, deforestation, overfishing, and pollution have damaged the coastal ecosystems, wetlands,
and forests. The government is trying to changes laws to protect the environment and wildlife. Many
Aussies say alcohol abuse is a very serious problem in society, especially for the aboriginal
population. The Australian Department of Health created the National Binge Drinking Campaign to
educate the population on the dangers of drinking

Life During The California Gold Rush
Forty–Niners. A popular term that was used during the California Gold Rush that refer to the
immigrants that traveled to the west. The migrants were considered "forty–niners" because they
began to arrive in the year of 1849. From a book titled, Daily Life during the California Gold Rush,
"California is nicknamed "The Golden State;" and the official state motto is "Eureka" meaning "I
have found it" in Greek– a reference to mining success" (Maxwell–Long). The author of this book
wanted to make this known to readers that were not aware of the Gold Rush what the significance
behind the term meant. Moving forward, the California Gold Rush is one of the most well–known
and largest mass migration that occurred in the history of America during the ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The Gold Rush did not reach its peak until 1849, however; miners still collected roughly one
hundred thousand pounds of gold each year.
The California Gold Rush sent many foreigners to California immediately as the news about the
discovery of gold unreeled nationwide. By so many people trying to find gold at once, they
unintentionally created what is known as the westward movement. The westward movement
resulted in a drastic change in population. The variety of people that came overseas and crossed
borders ranged from African Americans, Chinese, Mexicans, Australians, Indians, Europeans, and
many others. The initial goal for these immigrants that moved westward was what is now known as
"The American Dream." These immigrants ranged all over the world and brought many of their
cultures with them. Immigrants found every way to travel to California, whether it was by land or
overseas. "For the period 1848–1850, lower–bound estimates of overland migration are more than
101,000" (Clay 999). This statistic shows that within two years of the gold rush, over one hundred
thousand immigrants travelled west to California by foot. In addition, "For the period 1849–1850,
arrivals by sea are conservatively estimated at 75,462" (Clay 1000). This statistic shows that within
one year of the gold rush, over seventy–five thousand immigrants travelled west to California
overseas. Overall, within the period of just one year,

Australian Gold Rush Research Paper
History Essay: The Australian Gold Rush
The Australian Gold Rush was often described as the "making of a country." The Gold Rush was
undeniably one of the most significant events in the history of Australia. In May 1851, the first grain
of gold was discovered in Australia (Australian Government, 2015). This discovery led to the boom
of Australia's economy. Prior to the discovery, Australia was a lawless unknown prison colony
because of committed crimes from England. The Australian Gold Rush also brought in
multiculturalism and population, it also created the wealth of Australia's economy of today. If the
Australian Gold Rush did not exist, Australia would have been a whole different nation. The Gold
Rush also played a major role, leading to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It also brought multiculturalism, racism which all contribute Australia's identity; the making of a
country. It is clear that Australia would not have a high and successful status if the Gold Rush did
not occur. To this day, the one imperative discovery of gold by Edward Hargraves was the beginning
of this country to shape a new

Without The Gold Rush Persuasive Speech
"Without the discovery of Gold Victoria would not be the place that it has become today." I believe
this statement is true, without the Gold Rush, Australia wouldn't be nearly as established as it is now.
The Gold Rush in Victoria caused mass colonisation and population growth, and it made Australia
the diverse and multi–skilled society.
The Gold Rush made Australia largely colonised and continually expanding. In 1852, 370,000
immigrants arrived in Australia from many different countries. The economy boomed and many
different cultures were introduced. Countries like England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, America, China
and Germany showed up as the majority of diggers on the Australian census. The population
continued to grow

New Guinea Film Analysis
New Guinea is an island in the South West Pacific region. It is located "in the continent of Oceania
and Australia." (Worldatlas, 2015) While European only colonized the western half of the island,
Australian miners explored the east side of the New Guinea island, which named Papua New
Guinea. In 1926, hundreds of Australian came to Papua New Guinea, "the Promised Land," to
search for gold. It was similar to the Gold Rush in the United States. The absence of law led to the
system of "staking claims." (Papua New Guinea Mine Watch, 2012) Australian miners claimed the
ownership of gold and gained the wealth while taking advantage of native New Guinea Highlanders'
resources and labors. The greed and desire of Australian miner indicated the capitalism in the
nineteenth century. In fact, the film, First ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They thought the airplane was a huge bird; they thought the gramophone is a box of ghosts.
Identically, one of the misconceptions is that they believed the white men were the returning spirits
of their ancestors. While the white men washing the dishes by the lake, the natives admitted that
those people were finding their bones. Because in the Native New Guinea Highlanders' culture, they
usually threw the died bones into the lake. This misconception indicated that the highlanders were
ethnocentric. They prejudiced others based on their own culture. The consequences were that they
could not fully understand other's culture and it blocked the road of civilization. For example, the
New Guinea people were very anxious to get trade with Australian miners. They exchanged pigs for
knives, axes, and shells. However, because of their ethnocentrism, they did not know what were the
white men looking for, what is gold, and what is its value. It was particularly ironic that they even
encouraged their wives to go to white men to gain "good things," like

Why Did Australian People Rush To Enlist In 1914 To 1914
Historical Essay Why did Australian men rush to enlist in 1914/1915? During the early war period,
there was a rush of Australian men enlisting to defend their mother country. The inherent sense of
pride and patriotism that pervades Australian culture today was part of the driving force behind
these men's intentions. The First World War was propagated as an opportunity to seek adventure and
see new exotic places, all the while defending their country. Peer pressure played a major role in
inspiring these young men to enlist as they were told to "do their nation proud". Conclusively, there
were a variety of factors contributing to a young man's urge to enlist but the hastened timeframe and
imminent "call to adventure" caused the rush of people to enlist between 1914 to 1915. "At the start
of World War 1, Australia was a nation of around four million people. This meant that there was a
potential pool of around 820,000 men of 'fighting age' (between 19 and 38). With a total enlistment
of 420,000 men in service for World War 1, the total population of Australia between 1914 and 1918
was 4.9 million. Australian nationalism and pride was very importunate at the time causing a huge
amount of men rushed to enlist in World War 1. Australian men viewed themselves as 'tough
pioneers' and the Australian sense of self was bloated by events such as the occupation of
indigenous land, the gold rush and the exploration of Australian land. Amongst the pride of national
identity, peer

The California Gold Rush
A Gold Rush is a new discovery of gold sometimes occupied by other precious metals and rare earth
minerals that brings an onrush of minor seeking their Fortune. Major gold rushes took place in the
19th century in Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, Canada, South Africa, and the United States while
smaller gold rushes to place elsewhere. The welfare result English tribute Wiley because of reduced
migration causes and low barriers to entry. While gold mining itself was unprofitable for most acres
and mine owners some people made large large Fortunes in the merchants and transportation faculty
made large profits. The results in increase in the world's gold Supply stimulated global trade and
investment. Historians have written extensively about the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Has the miners dig down they may find that the deeper part of vein contains gold locked in sulfide
or per ride minerals which will require smelting. If Laura is still sufficiently rich and maybe
worshipping to a distant smelter. Laura gray Dora may require on–site treatment to either recover
the gold or to produce a constant rate sufficiently Rich for transport to the smelter. As a district turns
to lower grade or the mining may change from underground mining to large open pit mining. Mini
silver silver rushes followed up on gold rushes and transportation and infrastructure and improve the
focus may change progressively from gold to Silver to base metals. In this way Colorado started as a
pleasure go Discovery achieved Fame as a silver mining District then relayed on LED and sink and
it's later days. There is gold rushes occurred in Australia over the second half of the 19th century.
The most significant of these although not the only ones were the New South Wales gold rush in
Victorian gold rushes in 1851 and the Western Australian Gold rushes from the 1890s. They were
highly significant to the respective colonies political and economic development as they brought a
large number of immigrants and promoted massive government spending on in fractures to support
the new arrivals who came looking for gold. Well some found their

The Gold Rush Effects
The goldfields were discovered in 1848 but the gold rush started in 1851. The first amount of gold
was found by Edward Hargraves. Many people travelled from all around the world in hopes that
they would find a lot of gold and become rich. For many people that didn't happen, only a few
people found a good amount of gold. Between 1851 and 1861 Australia produced one third of its
gold. On the goldfields there was discrimination against the chinses immigrants and the Aboriginals.
The miners had to carry a miner licence with them when working on the goldfields. The miners
didn't like that idea and fought back to stop them from carry it around with them everywhere they
went.
What was the gold rush and why were they there?
The gold rush:
The gold ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The gold rush was significant because it helped to provide the money for more technology such as
the development of trains and railways. The gold rush brought many people to Australia to help dig
for gold. It had a major effect on immigration. Many Chinese migrants came to Australia to mine for
gold but were treated poorly. The gold rush also had a major effect on other businesses because
everyone went to the mines when the gold rush started hoping that they would become rich by
finding lots of gold, leaving a shortage of farmers and many other occupations. It also effected the
Australian economy and the development on Australia. To conclude the gold rush had a significant
impact on the Australian economy and the development of the country such as railways and trains.
Many people came to help work at the goldfields which left other jobs with a shortage of

Australian Gold Rush
Introduction:
The gold rush era was a significant event in Australian history. The Australian gold rush first started
during May 1851 in Bathurst after Edward Hargraves found a grain of gold in a waterhole. The gold
rush was a period of time for immigration of workers locally and from overseas and marked the start
of significant changes in the Australian economy.
Where and why did the gold rush occur?
Hargraves thought there were similarities in the geological features between Australia and
Californian Goldfields where he had just returned from. He was proven to be correct and quickly
registered his claims with local authorities. The first Gold Fields in NSW where given the name of
"Ophir" and was appointed a Commission of Land and received a reward of 10,000 pounds and a
life pension. Ophir was to become home to more than 1000 ... Show more content on
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The environment was terrible as it was filled with multiple diseases from the mines and all their
tools and machinery. This was a really unsafe are/environment for children to grow up in. the
women would not be permitted to attend the goldfields as they were made to stay home and look
after the children as they weren't able to take part in it either. The people in the gold rush would live
in tents, making it hard to cook meals create have a healthy living space. Later on in the goldfields
they went from tents to bark huts and stone buildings to replace the old tents. The food there was
damper and tea. Doctors and nurses for the treatment for the sick/injured was hard to come by with
barely having anyone to look after them. The seasons where bad in the summer it was hot and the
people would become dehydrated without having enough clean water, the winter was not very good
also, because they would get hypothermia and have nothing to keep them warm. Deep cuts and
broken bones would never heal properly due to having no doctors to treat them correctly. ( gold rush
colony,

German Migration To Australia
History of Migration to Australia
Early settlement of Germans was mainly in South Australia and South–Eastern Queensland.
There was significant migration during the gold rush in Victoria in the 1850s when approximately
10,000 German migrants came to work the in the gold fields.
Germans were also employed in many other roles including; in copper mines and smelters,
silversmithing, winemaking and in weaving woolen cloth.
The World Wars heavily impacted German migration to Australia.
At the beginning of the First World War Australian residents who were citizens of Germany, (as well
as those from Italy, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey) were declared as 'enemy aliens'.
As well as suffering suspicion and aggression, Germans and

Gold Rush Research Paper
The gold rush was an event that took place over 150 years ago and was a very big part of both
Australian and general history. Due to tis creance It forced lots of events to take place in Australia,
such as new laws placed and even forming the common wealth. What did stand out though was
racism and differences between other cultures that made Australia very strict on who entered their
borders. before early 1800's, Australia's people that make up the country were mostly British.
Around the late 1700's and early 1800's, people from Asian countries and other foreign countries
tried to come and make a new life in Australia. But at this time, work was very hard to get for
anyone who was not British. It was recorded In early records Chinese scripture, ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Gold rushes were constantly popping up in areas of Australia, and once one was starting to get dry
of gold, it was a race to the next. Around the 1850's Australia made a significant establishment of
the first royal mint made outside of England, this was placed in Sydney. Between 1851 and 1861
Australia produced a third of the worlds gold. WA had major gold deposits and since they had not
formed in to the common wealth they had little say. With the new found wealth that the gold had
brought Western Australia was being left out of the conversation in having no say on the wealth of
the gold and introducing more people in to their area they decided to become a part of the
commonwealth. Australian gold rush timeline/date accessed:Sqwirk/date accessed: 17/07/2016/
http://www.skwirk.com/p–c_s–17_u–453_t–1222_c–4673/sa/sose/gold–and–mining/discovering–
gold/australian–gold–rush– This event took place during the middle of the gold rush when new areas
of gold started to pop up all over Australia and many were found in western Australia. Soon after
this though, finding gold was starting to decrease and lots of people started to quit mining and going
back to doing factory work as it was a better source of income. The gold rushes that changed
Australia/1/9/2010/author: Emma Wynne/ date accessed: 17/08/2016/

China Threat To Australia
China is both a threat and an opportunity for Australia. Trade and security concerns have both
negatives and positives towards Australia's relations with the Asian 'superpower'. In recent years we
have seen how the relations between Australia and China have changed, through their radically
different traditions. This has led to the idea that China is a great resource for trade, it has also led to
the idea that China is a large threat to Australia's security. This essay will discuss the rapid growth of
China in recent years compared to Australia's growth, but also the increasing threat level China
poses, and finally the bursts of opportunity China gives to Australia. Overall there is arguments for
both sides, China is both a threat and an opportunity ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Australia has a parliamentary democracy, where China is still under a communist rule. There are
many stark differences between both nations, which can lead to security concerns for both. However
through the rise of China it is clear that it would "inevitably raise tensions with Asia's other resident
powers and that competition between them will be at its most dangerous" (Dupont, 2011). This is
not only a threat for Australia, but also other nations such as the United States. Tension in the Asian
region is always a threat to Australia due to its proximity to Asia. Being the island nation with no
large allies within a close range Australia has over the years held a strong concerns about the Asian
nation. This threat is not new, as even in the colonial period Australians held a great fear for the
'Asian Invasion'. However, Australia still has the radical differences with China. These differences
are not only in the running of the country, but also in the ideological sides of the respective nations.
This growth of China has led to many nations creating policy solely regarding the growth of China.
This enables them to have ways to grow in partnership with the rise of China. Australia is one of
these nations and has "shifted towards an accommodation policy concerning China. Each nation
comes to terms with China in its own manner combining the different elements of containment,
engagement and hedging strategies" (He, 2012, p. 54). This is one of the ways in which Australia
has altered its foreign policy to help accommodate the growth of China. Nowadays in Australia,
through the rise of globalisation, and also of China, it is hard to go into a store and not find
something made in

How Did The Gold Rushes Affect Australia's Economy
Introduction
The gold rushes was a major event in Australian history. The gold rushes were important because it
shaped Australia's economy. The gold rushes started in 1851 when Edward/William Hammond
Hargreaves discovered gold in the New South Wales colony on the 12th of February. The gold
rushes made people quit their jobs with hope that they would find gold and become rich. In 1852 the
gold rushes bought 90,000 people to Victoria. When all the hotels and all the accommodation was
full people started putting up tents. One example is canvas city located in Victoria. The gold rush
also ended transportation of convicts into Australia.In 1851 on the 12th of February news had spread
that gold was discovered by William Hammond Hargraves in the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Whenever diggers made more money than they needed they would go out for a beer of buy more
advanced tools. On average in 1852 the average annual earnings of Victorian diggers was just under
300 pounds, back then that was equivalent to 3 years of hard labour on the average man wage. In
total there was £ 125,000,000.00 worth of gold dug up between 1851 and 1861. Living standards
rose for most Australians and the gold rushes increased the percentage of Australian living in urban
areas. All occupations wages grew because diggers were demanding more things. The gold rushes
bought improved transportation, communications and other amenities were accelerated by the gold
rushes. A lot of money was brought in when it was Christmas because all the diggers went to
Melbourne to celebrate. Seaports benefitted as well as Bendigo and Ballarat because they had a lot
of gold fields. Squatters also benefitted from selling mutton and tallow for candle making. The wool
industry was revived because there was a lot of diggers who wanted new clothes. Overall the gold
rush had a massive impact on Australia's

First Settlers In Australia
The first settlers arrived in Australia 35,000 years ago during the great ice age. The sea levels
lowered between Indonesia and New Guinea and created a land bridge that would allow nomadic
tribes to cross from Southeast Asia. Like many other humans of that epoch, they were hunters and
gatherers and traveled from place to place in search of young creatures. Thousands of years after
these drifters arrived; the glaciers thawed and brought up the seas once again, which kept the
citizenry of Australia permanently in that esteem. The people that inhabited Australia before the
English settlers were known as Aborigines or the Australian Aboriginals. Aborigines occupied most
of Southeast part of the continent on the shoreline, as well as all parts ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The convicts aboard were scared not knowing what is to come of them; they didn't know they were
the first to give birth to a new nation that has been silenced for thousands of years. The inmates are
unskilled laborers; most of them were petty criminals of the urban population that lack farming and
construction skills. Building these new colonies is going to be a struggle in the age to come. For the
foremost few years, it seemed nearly impossible to build a self– producing colony with incompetent
convicts that lack trade. One man would change it all, Captain Arthur Phillip, a regular naval officer
that became the first governor of the new nation. For two years, Phillip desperately asks for new
instruments that can help get more crops and free human beings that we're competent enough to help
ramp up the country. After two years England would send the proper tools and men he needed.
Furthermore, they would also send more convicts to add to his troubles. Governor Phillip began
making land grants in 1787 to convicts who were granted a conditional pardon for good behavior
and those whose time had passed. Bit by bit, more and more land came under cultivation, and the
country became entirely self–supporting on their food provisions. Governor Phillip would use the
source of labor from convicts to build up everything that a self–supporting colony would require.
The convict built a settlement within the foremost few years with isolated villages, rich farmland,
stores, taverns hospitals and a great deal more. In 1813 explorers would cross the Blue Mountains to
the west and return to New South Wales with tales of endless goods and grazing lands as far as the
eye can take in. By 1829, when word of this got back to England they decided to extend British
colonies to the west before other European rivals would take an interest in the country. In the mid–
1800 the population of

An Informative Essay On James Bently's Murder
James Bently a murderer and an honest and very serious, straight–faced person. James Bently was
an honest person and was the one who was known for the murder James Scobie. It made him have a
bad reputation but it also made him an honest person because he admitted he was the one who did it.
James Bently was born in 1818 (there is not an exact date), He was born in surrey, England. On the
10th of March 1853, James Bently married Catherine Sherwin and 1853 they had their first child
named Francis all of their kids were born between 1853 and 1865. They then had six other kids
named Louisa, Matilda, Christopher, Albert, Ada and Ernest. In 1854 the miners farewelled one of
their most well known and well respected miner, James Scobie. James Bently the one who murdered
James Scobbie out side his hotel after there was a fight between some people and once Bentlys hotel
was burnt he murdered James scobie. After the miners lost one of their most respected miners they
didn't stop fighting they faught against the government and made the governments job harder then it
already was. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He made the Governments job harder than it already was, but at leased he owned up and admitted it
was him who murdered James Scobie. Bently lost his hotel and was devastated and because of that
Bently commited suicide also because he was overdosing on laudanum (which is a alcohol). He died
on the 10th of April 1873. Bently was buried in the Melbourne general cemetery on the 12th of April

How Did Australia's Wwi Service History Contribute To...
Essay 2
"The Federation of Australia was only seventeen years old when the war ended and a national
identity began to emerge which reflected upon the sacrifice and service of Australian armed service
men and women."
Did Australia's WWI service history contribute to a national identity and what was the identity that
was forged? Discuss.
In 1901 Australia was a part of a Federation between six colonies which British Parliament passed
legislation and Australia joined as part of the Commonwealth. Which paved the way for Australia to
be recognised by the World.
Australian National Identity was forged by multi cultural nationalities. Within our country we now
celebrate all and various events as a Nation. Our Australian Laws and language is linked with
Britain. World ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Australia forged its own identity from this world war 1 due to the fact of the signed immigrants and
we became our own nation which forged us into what we are today, without our involvement in
world war 1, we would not be known as the ANZACS as we respect today. If we did not have the
immigrants that came to our shore during the gold rush, I do not believe we would be the
multicultural society that we are today.
With the Paliment deciding in 1901 for Australians involvement with Britan and with the
Anniversary of 1915 of the Landing in Galllipoli it helped forge us a nation that we now know as
ANZAC . With the multi Cutural nationalities who came during the Gold rush came and fought with
the Allies. World War 1 was the pivotal moment in our History which has so much meaning for us a
Nation and a Country. Together we unite to remember those that fought in the Great War and
remember them with pride and honor them. There are many symbolic monuments around the
country to remember them. Monuments such as the National War Mermiorial is one many attend
during rememberence

The Gold Rush
Migration to the gold fields
The gold rush was the turning point of Australia's history thanks to Edward Hargraves he discovered
gold in New South Wales in April 1851 and soon the gold rush kicked off. Clear evidence has been
provided on how Edward Hargraves started the gold rush started, Information on how push and pull
factors influenced people to the gold fields. Stories have been recounted on how life during the gold
rush was like in the gold fields. Information on how many numbers of migrants came and where
they came and what transportation was used
The gold rush started because Edward Hargraves returned to Australia after prospecting gold in
California he noticed that some parts of Australia were similar and convinced gold could be found.
He was proved right a year later he discovered gold in New South Wales in April 1851 he spread the
news to local colonies and overseas but it took many months for people overseas to find out. For the
first year, the diggings were worked by locals from Australian colonies. Soon after word spread to
England in January 1852 a new rush of migration followed as Britons from all classes decided to try
their luck the discovery of gold in Victoria also added to the hysteria. Husbands left their families,
ships were left stranded in port when crews left the ship to go to the diggings Teachers laborer's
lawyer's government officials and police officers made a dash for the gold fields
The gold rush had many pull factors pull factors and

How Did The Gold Rush Shape Australian History
Zeesha Shirin Bandyopadhyay
US history.
13. Sept. 2014
Mr. Patton.
How did the Gold Rush shape Australian history?
The Australian gold rush began in May 1851, when Edward Hargraves claimed that he had
discovered gold near Bathurst. After the Australians had heard this news, most of them packed up
their belongings and left to go to Bathurst and mine for gold, hoping to get rich and wealthy.
When the Australian Gold Rush began, many immigrates came to Australia, all of whom contributed
their own cultural influences. This was the start of multiculturalism. The Chinese came and mostly
all of them stayed in Australia and built businesses in the towns, once the main gold deposits were
mined out.
There was a huge increase in the population. In 1851, Australia's population was 437,655. By the
end of the gold rush, 1861, Australia's population was doubled. But sadly after the gold rush, many
of the new towns that were famous for the amount of gold that they held, shrank to towns that no
one lived ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The richness of this architecture can still be seen today in most of the buildings.
There was a huge influence of people to the Victorian goldfields, but businessmen, tradesmen,
labourers – the very backbone of Australia, together with many of the state's own administrators
abandoned their jobs to go and mine for gold. This caused many people to lose their jobs, and no
one could fill them in. After the gold rush there were many moreNew rules, policies and legislation
were implemented, giving Australia more of an understanding of how to draft future legislation and,
indeed, its own constitution.
The Gold Rush also brought on the capital of Australia today, ACT which stands for Australian
Capital Territory. Victoria and NSW argued back and forth for the capitol. When they settled at a
city which was equal distance from where NSW state capitol is and Victoria state Capitol

White Australia Policy Essay
General Overview
Introduction
Australia...The Lucky Country, or so they thought. This act was racial, Australia were trying to
create a white utopia, a paradox forged against the odds. Modern Australia is a multicultural
Country, however, this wasn't the plan, over 100 years ago, an act was put into place to create a
White society. This was infuriating for the non – white and non – Europeans. This was called the
Immigration Restriction act which is now known as the White Australian Policy (WAP). This
changed the race of Australia's face. In modern day Australia over 22 million people now live in this
beautiful Country that has an equal society.
Aboriginals And British Settlers
The Aboriginals were thought to have arrived in Australia about 40,000 ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In 1901 the Pacific Islanders act and the Immigration Restriction act (White Australia Policy)
(WAP) were forced into a reality. The Chinese were working cheap labour and the Europeans were
annoyed and they couldn't find work. In 1903 the Dictation test was put into place as an opportunity
for everyone to come into Australia, however, these tests were more often given in languages some
people didn't know existed and this showed because only 46 people passed out of the 805 tests
given. The migrants who were rejected were either refused entry or deported. Because of WW1 the
Enemy Aliens act was started up so Germans would be separate from the Australians so they
wouldn't fight. Germans were either refused entry or put into a concentration

Chinese Impact On Australian Federation
Year 9 History: Making a Nation Enya Navarroza
"To what extent did the Chinese population impact on Australia's federation"
The Australian Gold rush days had brought may immigrants from all over the world to Australia.
Many of the migrants who joined the goldrush left their families and their homeland behind. This is
particularly difficult for the Chinese because they come from a traditional culture that focused
greatly on family and their village. Most Chinese men who came to New South Wales were not for
individual fortune but came for their family. The Chinese immigration shaped and influenced
Australian policy for over a 100 year, which became one of the driving factors for the Australian
Federation.
Anti–Chinese Laws
The anti–Chinese ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Chinese population has brought many Chinese resources, tradition and culture in here that we
have somewhat adapted in our modern society in Australia.
The main reason for the Europeans to dislike the Chinese was because they viewed the Chinese as a
threat for gold, it was the greed and other factors of jealousy that the Europeans raved about that had
made their opinions change Australia's Immigration Laws as well as our Federation all together.
Good things have happened due to the Chinese population impacting on Australia's decision of
passing the Immigrations laws. If this event did not occur in the history books, that Multiculturalism
that we have today wouldn't be here. We have realised as a country that we need everyone in our
society for it to work, without trading and other markets that is available in different countries
Australia would be isolated from all the major business, economic growth as well as

Chinatown Research Paper
Summary Notes on Info Gathered
What is Chinatown?
Chinatown is the world's second–oldest continuous Chinese settlement outside China.
It is a distinctive and well known area of Melbourne which dates back to the goldrush days of the
1850s. Importantly, Melbourne's Chinatown is the longest continuous Chinese settlement in the
western world.
Chinatown remains a busy and important social and economic centre for the Chinese community
and proudly stands as one of Melbourne city's most popular venues.
It is one of Melbourne's distinctive and iconic precincts.
When was Chinatown established?
Established in 1851 with the onset of the Victorian gold rush, tens of thousands of Chinese passed
through here en route to the goldfields.
Melbourne's Chinatown has been an integral part of the City of Melbourne since the goldrush days
of the 1850's.
Who does Chinatown influence?
People living and working in the CBD or within a certain distance
Tourists (both international and national)
Victorians
How has Chinatown influenced tourism?
By the 1970s it had become popularised to such an extent that Chinatown was officially designated
a tourist and heritage precinct by the Melbourne City Council and state government.
The opening of the Museum of Chinese Australian History in 1985 as well as the increasingly
popular ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is historically significant for its links to early religious and social life of Chinatown, and as a place
continuously for worship and as a focal point for the Christian Chinese community since 1872. It is
of historical significance for its association with Chinese settlement in Victoria and as tangible
evidence of the lives and enterprises of Chinese immigrants who came in large numbers to the
Victorian goldfields during the second half of the nineteenth

Effect of Gold Rush on the Social, Political and Cultural...
What effect if any, did the gold rush have on the social, political and cultural development of
Australia as a nation?
The gold rush of the 1850's had a major and lasting impact on Australia and changed it forever.
Before gold was discovered Australia was a lawless prison colony. Less than fifty years after gold
was discovered, Australia had been transformed into an independent country. The gold rush helped
increase the population, which helped bring social, cultural development and democratic
government.
The discovery of gold in 1851, by Edward Hargraves brought about major economic, social and
political changes to the nation of Australia. Gold attracted people from all over the world to come to
Australia, to strike it rich. People ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many men, who worked on the farms, quit in search of gold. Woman became very important, in
many cases, the woman and children were left to work on the land, with the help of Aboriginal
stockman. A person could become very rich overnight. The upper class were not only the ones who
had money now. People who worked hard would be rewarded. The boost to the economy helped pay
for the modernisation of the whole of Australia. Roads, schools, and churches were built. Train lines
were built to link major cities. The discovery of gold had also stopped convict transportation. The
diggers came from all different backgrounds, but they worked together and considered themselves
equal. They were free from social class. Today, Australia is very much free of class.
The gold rush had a lasting impact on the political development of Australia. The uprising of the
Eureka stockade formed the basis for democracy that we have in Australia today. The Eureka
Rebellion was an important step towards democracy. It was an uprising against authority. The
conditions on the goldfields were difficult. The monthly licensing fees that the diggers had to pay
were quite harsh and unfair. A digger had to pay it even if he didn't find any gold. The way the
police collected the fee was also harsh. These people were ready to fight for change. The miners
wanted better rights. They protested and pressured the government for better conditions, in hope to
abolish the fees. The gold rush gave the diggers a

The Discovery Of Gold And Australia
The discovery of gold in Australia dramatically changed the course of our steadily developing
country. The gold rush massively impacted every aspect of the nation, although not all these changes
were positive. With the gold rush came the introduction of more diverse culture, increased
population and infrastructure. Before the 1850's, Australia was a prison colony meant as a
punishment for convicts of the British. However, in just the fifty years after the beginning of the
Australian gold rush, Australia became an independent country. From a wilderness inhabited by
convicts to a free and federated nation in less than half a century. Without the gold rush, our society
wouldn't be what it is today. The discovery of gold sparked a massive influx of immigration to the
still forming country of Australia. During the very early years of the gold rush, NSW and Victoria
were the centre for gold mining and attracted thousands of hopeful diggers. This rapid introduction
of new people had many impacts on Australian society. People came from different points of the
world to mine on Australia 's gold rich fields. The majority of were British but many others came
from Germany, Italy, France, China and even America. This created a rich multicultural melting pot
that would forever forge a highly diverse population. A repercussion of a sudden influx of
multiculturalism was the targeting of a group of foreigners that attracted particular attention. These
were the Chinese; as their numbers began

My Place Report
My place (European Settlement) About 'My place' My place is a television series based upon the
book by Nadia Wheatley and Donna Rawlins. This resource contains stories of 26 children who
lived during the times 2008–1888, 1778–before time. Each of the stories within the series shares
how the land had been home to many different groups of families and communities, making
connection to the first Australians. The questions that can be investigated within this resource
include What do we know about the past? How did Australians live in the past? How did people live
in other places? How has the past influenced the present? How it creates critical thinking This
resource allows students to investigate around the key questions and to also ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The interactive resource showcases convict stories, artefacts, life in the barracks, stories of journeys
undertaken and much more. There are areas provided for personal learning through the quizzes and
individual activities enhancing personal growth and extended learning. Students are able to have a
deeper understanding of what it was like in the shoes of a convict and compare interpretations
through activities including following the journey of the First Fleet, writing a shopping list of a
convict, singing the Ballad of Botany Bay, reading the identities of the convicts and even create role
plays and improvisations with the class. According to Cohen (2015), children find more meaning
and significance in history when they are able to relate situations to their own lives. Inquiry methods
such as role–play and re–enactments forces student to experience first hand the issues that these
characters faces in the past, allowing students to think them through in more depth, empathy and

Gold Rush Research Paper
Mobile phones, due to research gold used to play a significant historical role in Australia, which the
first gold rush occurred in 1851 after the mineral was discovered in Bathurst, New South Wales.
After the Bathurst gold rush, it was followed by recent discoveries in Victoria. During the formation
of earth molten iron sank to its centre which caused it to make the core. This took the mineral with
vast majority to become one of the earth's precious metals, which include metals such as gold and
platinum, which all of the precious materials in the core can cover the entire surface of the earth
with a 4 meter thick layer.
2.0 Location of Minerals
As I said the Bathurst gold rush was followed by discoveries in Victory. Gold Fever attracted
thousands of immigrants from all different parts of the world to the Australian colonies. Ballarat and
Bendigo in Victoria became major gold rush sites.
3.0 Extraction of Minerals ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are many different methods to extract gold such as Panning which was the oldest and simplest
way to separate gold from surrounding rock. Panning is a process where you would place gold–
bearing materials, such as river gravel, and place that into a shallow pan, then ass some water. After
you swirled it around, if the gold was big enough it would sit at the bottom of the pan. Another
method is Hydraulic Mining; Hydraulic Mining was classed as one of the most efficient ways to
retrieve gold out of the ground, but had a lot of environmental destructive problems towards it. The
extraction process was very simple, but at the same time devastating. The process was when water
under pressure would be directed against a bank of gravel deposits and the hillside would instantly
wash away. The debris would wash into different boxes that would catch the gold. There are other
process that includes Dredging, and underground hard rock

Migration And Racial Tension Of Australia
Migration and racial tension
I believe that the two topics that I have chosen relate to each other in many ways. The racial tension
came from the migrating races to Australia, and the issues that the Australians of the time had with
the "new people". The migration occurred because there was a growing business in a new country,
there were more opportunities for trade and everyone wanted to try their luck on the gold fields. I
found the migrating story's from the Chinese to be more of an interesting theme. This is the same
with the racial tension, the mass groups of Chinese were the main targets with the racism.
Most migrants that came to Australia to grab a share of the gold rush, left behind family and home.
In traditional Chinese culture this was particularly difficult for them to come from a parent's heavy
focused family system, to an alien country to live.
The Chinese people that came to Australia were typically men brining there family over with them
to work for an income that would be big enough to support them. The wife however was left at
home to forfill the role of looking after her in–laws in this time. The family would have to work for
them aswell, and send a percentage of there profit over.
As the population of chinses immergents started to climb, they were starting to become apart of
population statistics. If you were Chinese by birth and you were outside NSW, the governments of
the other states took advantage of you and made you pay a special reentry

Samuel Thomas Gill's Gold Rush
We are fortunate enough to see and discover what the gold rush was like as a result of Samuel
Thomas Gills lifelike drawings. He showed us how the human race acted, and what life was like in
Ballarat during the 1850s. Without his images, we wouldn't have much footage on the stockade and
events leading to it and from it. The street lights of Perriton in England lit up with colours on the
21st of May 1818, the day true art came into our world. Samuel Thomas Gill was born. Shortly after
this capital day, he bloomed from a baby into a young boy and was educated at Dr Seabrook's
Academy, Plymouth. Samuel Thomas wouldn't have been able to draw as well as he does, and we
would therefore not have seen what the gold rush was like, if his father, an

Five Phases Of Immigration In Australia During The 19th...
During the 19th century, five main phases have characterized immigration in Australia. The Gold
Rush period in 1851, led immigrants from Europe and East Asia to migrate to Australia in search of
gold finds (Spinks, 2010). The second phase of immigration occurred in 1871, when Egypt
expanded its passage of the Suez Canal and migrants from Northern Africa and the Middle East
were able to gain access to Australia's southern seaports (Boulus, Dowding, and Pietsch, 2013). In
1901, however, the new Commonwealth of Australia established the Immigration Restriction Act, or
the 'White Australia policy,' which banned immigrants from entering Australia. Moreover, the policy
prohibited those existing 'non–whites' from obtaining citizenship and gaining

Chinese Immigration to Australia During the Gold Rush Essay
Chinese Immigration to Australia During the Gold Rush
Following the success of the American Gold rush, the Australian Gold rush attracted many migrants
from all over the globe. The Chinese prospectors were perhaps the most controversial and the most
interesting nationality to come to the goldfields
Assistance given on arrival
There was more or less no assistance of any kind given to the Chinese migrants, as immigration was
rather a haphazard affair in the 19th century (especially to an isolated young country like Australia)
and the level of racism encountered by Chinese prospectors on arrival made goldmining and making
a living in Australia even harder.
As a people, the Chinese possessed a great sense of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some arrived independent, fleeing the violence of the Taiping Rebellion.
Numbers and Location factors
The rate of Chinese migration alarmed Victorian government officials. According to the 1853
census, there were 2000 Chinese in the colony. At the beginning of 1855, there were 10,000 on the
goldfields. During March 1854, four ships arrived bringing 1,400 Chinese. By June, the numbers
had increased to 17,000.
Approximately 10 years into the gold rush, the Chinese numbered about 40,000 – 3% of the
population. However, they were concentrated in the Victorian gold–rush areas that also attracted the
mass of the early white diggers – Ballarat, Bendigo, and Beechworth.
Common Experiences
Alien in their language, clothing, appearance, and social customs, the Chinese were rejected and
harassed by every other nationality on the goldfields. The issue was not that they were not accepted,
it was that they refused to be accepted. Only a small minority of the Chinese prospectors chose to
adopt a western style of dress and way of life. They worked much harder and more efficiently than
other prospectors did, a fact that the latter party resented. All this resulted in many racially fuelled
riots and fights breaking out all over the country. Even people associated with Chinese prospectors
were persecuted and mistreated.
Outcomes/Impact of the Immigration

While there were many positive, lasting impacts of the Chinese immigration, such as the
introduction of traditional

Impact Of Gold Rush On Australian Identity
A gold rush is a large–scale and hasty movement of people to a region where gold has been
discovered (Unkown, 2018). There were multiple gold finds before 1851 but none of them caused
gold rushes, then in 1851 the first Australian gold rush started. As soon has people had heard of
payable gold in Australia they started flocking from all over the country and even overseas which
was a major economy boost for Australia and helped it to become the nation to which it is today.
The Australian gold rush had a major impact on establishing the 'Colonial Australian' identity,
through many changes and long term affects.
Edward Hargraves started the first Australian gold rush when he discovered 5 specks of alluvial gold
at a place he named Ophir in New ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Gold brought wealth to Australia and a new identity. Before gold was discovered Australia was a
lawless prison colony. The Eureka Rebellion was an important part of the gold rush and a crucial
step towards democracy. It was a falling–out between the diggers and the trooper, the diggers were
protesting the high price of their licence fees, after the confrontation in Ballarat changers were
implicated. For those reasons the Eureka rebellion is known as the start of Australian democracy.
There were some bad long–term affects that came with the gold rush as well, it caused a larger
exclusion of the indigenous people as more and more of them were forced of their land. This is still
a problem nowadays as they still look to reclaim which has been lost including their langue's, their
culture and even their

Mining Industry in Australia Essay
Australia, the large Island continent, has been generously furnished with abundant natural resources.
With these resources, not surprisingly the various kinds of industries utilizing these resources are
emerged in Australia. One of the most important industries is mining. Australia has the world's
largest reserves of several mineral commodities in both minerals and energy resources. The Mining
sector includes all units mainly engaged in mining, including the mineral exploration, and the
provision of a wide variety of services supporting mining and mineral exploration. The discovery of
the gold in New South Wales and Victoria has forced Australia into the group leader in mining
countries since 1851. This essay will focus on the mining in ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Mining generated from 3.4 percent of Australia's Gross Domestic Product in 1982–83 to 4.6 percent
in 2002–03. The mining sector has created the Australian economic growth, especially in terms of
exports. Lewis (2000 ,2) states that the industry makes up around 40 percent of Australia's
merchandise exports each year, contributing around 40 billion dollar annually to the economy. The
value of exports from the mining industry has grown by 95 percent during 1994–2004, 45 percent
more than the growth in manufacturing industry and 26 percent more than for all industries.
Australia globally exports mineral commodities to many countries, for instance, Japan, Republic of
(South) Korea and United Kingdom. Japan is the major buyer with approximatly more than 20
percent of the total export value in minerals each year. "Of the countries in this region, Japan is
consistently the main destination for Australian minerals and oil for the period 1988–89 to 2002–03.
Its share of total exports of minerals and oil was 27% in 2002–03." (2005 Australia Year Book 2005,
509). These developments can be seen that mining industry is important to the Australian economy.
There are several impacts on Australian society in demography related to population, immigration
and employment. Gold discoveries had a tremendous impact on all parts of Australia. From 1851 to
1861, Australia's population trebled. O'Malley (1988 ,24) claims that the number

Sovereign Hill Gold Rush Heritage
I agree with this statement to a strong extent. Sovereign Hill is a very popular tourist attraction for
heritage, cultural, pilgrimage and media tourists with 717,289 admissions in 2012/13. It also plays a
critical role in preserving the gold rush heritage and creating many jobs, supporting Ballarat and
Victoria with income and work experience. On the other hand, the number of visitors is unchanging
and some tourist attractions are less famous than others. Sovereign Hill greatly contributed towards
the economy of Ballarat and Victoria. In 2012–2013 Sovereign Hill contributed $228.5 million to
Ballarat and Victorian economy in both indirect and direct contribution.Sovereign Hill has produced
1,422 jobs to go with this high valued supplement. Out of the 228.5 million and 1,422 jobs,173.8
million and 1,273 jobs in both direct and indirect were contributed ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It is preserving Victoria;s 1850s gold rush heritage. It also plays a critical role in conserving
environmental activities such as Narmbool Farm and learning camps. This includes the contribution
to local community cohesion and development through its support of a number of community–based
organisations. Education– Sovereign Hill undertakes a number of environmental conservation
activities, primarily through the Narmbool Farm and environmental learning camps. Sovereign Hill's
award winning reputation draws tourists to Ballarat who may otherwise not have visited the region.
This supports the growth and expansion of other major attractions in the region, including the
Museum of Australian Democracy at Eureka, Kryal Castle and the city of Ballarat itself. As one of
the largest employers in Ballarat, the training and work experience provided by Sovereign Hill
including volunteers, contributes to building the skills base and improving the overall productivity
of the region. Culturally and socially, is a critical role that Sovereign Hill

Research Events In Australian History Post 1770

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