chia thì và hình thức của động từ

1. Teacher: Nguyễn Minh Ngọc Loan
VERB TENSES
I. THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE:
A. Forms:
1. Be  (+): S + am / is / are
(-): S + am / is / are + not
(?): Am / Is / Are + S?
2. V  (+): S +V 1 / s / es
(-): S + don’t / doesn’t + V1
(?): Do / Does + S + V1?
B. Use:
- Diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên.
- Chỉ một thói quen.
- Chỉ một nghề nghiệp.
- Lịch trình chắc chắn xảy ra trong tương lai.
C. Notes:
always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, seldom,
every, as a rule,…
EXERCISE 1: Give the correct tense of the verbs in
brackets.
1. She (be) ……is……..a nurse. (nn)
2. Bees (make) ……make……..honey. (hn)
3. John sometimes (go) …goes………..to
school late.
4. I (not, like) …don’t like………..a big
breakfast every morning.
5. How often do you (see) …see………..your
dentist? _Twice a year.
6. She (wear, never) …never
wears………….…..red.
7. As a rule, John (sleep) …sleeps………..until
6 o’clock in the morning, and then he (get)
……gets……..up and (study)
…studies………..for his classes.
II. THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE:
A. Forms:
V  (+): S + am / is / are + V-ing
(-): S + am / is / are + not + V-ing
(?): Am / Is / Are + S + V-ing?
B. Use:
- Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra vào thời điểm
nói (qua câu mệnh lệnh).
- Diễn tả một sự việc xảy ra đột ngột so với bình
thường.
- Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai gần.
C. Notes:
- now, right now, at present, at the moment, at this
time,…
- Không dùng thì HTTD với những động từ:
+ Chỉ cảm xúc: like, dislike, love, hate, want, wish,
prefer
+ Chỉ hoạt động tinh thần: agree, believe, forget,
know, remember, realize, understand, think
+ Chỉ sở hữu: belong, contain, consist, depend, own
+ Động từ nói và động từ giác quan: be, see, look,
hear, feel, appear, seem, smell, taste, sound
EXERCISE 2: Give the correct tense of the verbs in
brackets.
1. My mother (stay) …is
staying……………….with us at present.
2. I (wear) …wear……………….three
pullovers in winter because I (feel, always)
…always feel……………….cold.
3. Look! That man (run) …is running….out of
the bank! And he (carry) …is carrying…….a
large bag full of money!
4. I didn’t use to eat spaghetti. Now I (like)
……like…………….it very much.
5. Where do you live? _Normally I (live)
……live…………….in Paris with my
parents, but at the moment I (study) …am
studying………………. in London, so I
(live) ……am living…………….with an
English family
6. He (work, usually) ……usually
works…………….very hard, but he (not,
work) …is not working……………….at all
today because it’s a holiday.
III. THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE:
A. Forms:
V  (+): S + have / has + PP
(-): S + have / has + not + PP
(?): Have / Has + S + PP?
EXERCISE 3: Give the correct tense of the verbs in
brackets.
1. I (not, be) …haven’t been……………able to
sleep well recently.
2. I (never, come) …have never
come……………there before.

2. Teacher: Nguyễn Minh Ngọc Loan
B. Use:
- Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra đi kèm với
just.
- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra hoặc chưa xảy ra
trong quá khứ nhưng không rõ thời gian đi kèm với
already, before, ever, never
- Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ kéo dài
đến hiện tại và có khả năng tiếp tục ở tương lai, đi
kèm với since, for.
C. Notes:
so far, up to now, up to the present, until now, lately,
recently, yet, not…yet
3. Mary is ill. She (be) …has
been……………for the last few days.
4. Listen! Someone (sing) …is
singing……………the English song you
like.
5. Every time he (take) …takes……………a
photo, his hand (shake) …shakes……………
and his photos (never, look) ……never
look…………good.
6. The lecturer (speak) …is
speaking……………now but everybody
(seem) ……seems…………very bored.
IV. THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE:
A. Forms:
1. Be  (+): S + was / were
(-): S + was / were + not
(?): Was / Were + S?
2. V  (+): S + V2 / ed
(-): S + didn’t + V1
(?): Did + S + V1?
B. Use:
- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ có
xác định thời gian.
- Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ, kéo
dài một khoảng thời gian và chấm dứt hẳn trong quá
khứ.
C. Notes:
yesterday, ago, last, in + năm cũ,…
EXERCISE 4: Give the correct tense of the verbs in
brackets.
1. They (buy) …bought……………this house
two years ago.
2. Were You (be) ………………at home last
night?
3. Mozart, the famous composer, (die)
………died………at the age of 35.
4. The man (get) ……got………up, (put)
……put……on his coat and (leave)
……left……
5. When did you (take) ……take…………your
driving test? _I (take) …took……………last
year.
6. When he (be) …was……………a child, he
always (want) ……wanted…………to do the
most dangerous things.
7. What (you, learn) …have you
learn……………since you (come)
……came…………here?
V. THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE:
A. Forms:
V  (+): S + was / were + V-ing
(-): S + was / were + not + V-ing
(?): Was / Were + S + V-ing?
B. Use:
- Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra và một thời
điểm xác định trong quá khứ.
- Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra thì có hành
động khác xen vào (xem sơ đồ).
- Diễn tả 2 hành động tiếp diễn xảy ra song song
cùng một lúc ở quá khứ (xem sơ đồ)
C. Notes:
xem sơ đồ
EXERCISE 5: Give the correct tense of the verbs in
brackets.
1. What were you (do) ……doing………8p.m
last night?
2. Everybody (sit) …was sitting……….the
living room. Outside it (rain) …was raining
….hard. Suddenly the doorbell (ring)
……rang…………Everybody (look)
…………looked………….at the door in
fear.
3. The driver (have) ……was
having……………….a drink in a café when
someone (drive) ……drove………….his
lorry away.
4. Tom (fall) …fell………………….out of the
tree when he (climb) …was
climbings………………….it.
VI. THE PAST PERFECT TENSE:
A. Forms:
EXERCISE 6: Give the correct tense of the verbs in
brackets.

3. Teacher: Nguyễn Minh Ngọc Loan
V  (+): S + had + PP
(-): S + had + not + PP
(?): Had + S + PP?
B. Use:
- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động
khác trong quá khứ hoặc trước một thời điểm ở quá
khứ.
C. Notes:
- up to then, before + thời gian, by + thời gian quá
khứ.
- xem sơ đồ
1. By the time the firemen (arrive)
…arrived……………, the fire (already, go
out) ……had already gone out…………
2. After she (run) ……had run…………all the
way home, Linda (feel)
…felt……………quite exhausted.
3. I didn’t like John. So when he (enter)
…entered…………the room, I (leave)
…left……… (liên tiếp xảy ra trong qk)
4. It was raining hard, but by the time class (be)
……was………over, the rain (stop) ……had
stopped……
VII. THE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE:
A. Forms:
V  (+): S + will + V1
(-): S + won’t + V1
(?): Will + S + V1
B. Use:
- Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai, với
quyết tâm, hứa hẹn, thiện chí.
C. Notes:
tomorrow, next, someday, some time, soon, in + năm
mới,…
EXERCISE 7: Give the correct tense of the verbs in
brackets.
1. He (come) …will come…………and (see)
……see………you some time.
2. I (not, tell) …won’t tell…………anyone
about it. I promise.
3. I (buy) …will buy…………a new dictionary
for my son as soon as I (get)
…get…………my salary next week.
VIII. THE SIMPLE FUTURE PERFECT
TENSE:
A. Forms:
V  (+): S + will + have + PP
(-): S + will + not + have + PP
(?): Will + S + have + PP?
B. Use:
- Diễn tả một hành động sẽ hoàn tất tại thời điểm
tương lai.
C. Notes:
by then, by + thời gian tương lai
EXERCISE 8: Give the correct tense of the verbs in
brackets.
1. By next month, I (finish) ……will have
finished………...…my first novel.
2. By Tuesday next week, the spaceship (stay)
…will have stayed…………………in orbit
for 30 days.
3. I (come) …will come…………………as
soon as I (finish) …have
finished…………………my work.
NOTES
1. Tình huống quá khứ:
QK…………………………………………………………….QK (liên tiếp xảy ra trong quá khứ)
QK (cắt ngang)……………………WHILE, AS……………..QKTD (đang xảy ra)
QKTD…………………………………………………………QKTD (xảy ra song song cùng 1 lúc)
When / By the time / Before + QKĐ…………………………. QKHT
After / Because / That + QKHT………………………………..QKĐ
2. Công thức:
HTHT + since + QKĐ
3. Tình huống tương lai:
When HT
As soon as + HTHT (xong) < -- > TLĐ
Until

4. Teacher: Nguyễn Minh Ngọc Loan
EXERCISE 9:Give the correcttense of the verbs in brackets.
1. This is my house. - How long have you (live)……lived…. here? - I (live)……have
lived……….. here since 1970.
2. Shakespeare (write) …wrote………a lot of plays.
3. My brother (write) …has written…………… several plays. He (just, finish)…has just
finished…………… his second tragedy.
4. He (not, smoke) …hasn’t smoked…………………..…for two weeks. He is trying (give)
……to give………………up
5. I can’t go out because I (not finish) …..haven’t finished………………………my work.
6. Here are your shoes. I (just, clean)…have just cleaned…………………. them.
7. Millions of years ago, dinosaurs (roam) …roamed………………….the earth, but they
(become) ………had become…………….extinct by the time humankind first (appear)
…………………….
8. Yesterday at a restaurant, I (see) …saw………………….Pam, an old friend of mine. I
(see, not) …hadn’t seen………………….her in years. At first, I (recognize, not)
…didn’t recognize………………….her because she (lose) …had lost………………….a
great deal of weight.
9. When Tom (come) …comes………………….this afternoon, he (bring) …will
bring………………….this girlfriend.
10.Do stop (talk) ……talking……………….I (try) ……am trying……………….(finish)
……to finish……………….the report.
11.They (not, come) …won’t come………………….home until they (see)
…see…………….everything.
12.It’s no use (advise) ……advising……………….him. He never (allow)
…allows………….anybody (give) …to give………………….advice.
13.It’s difficult (get) …to get………………….use to (eat) …eating………………….with
chopsticks.
14.She (not, speak) ……hasn’t spoken……………….to anyone since the accident last
month.
15.Do you feel like (go) ………going………….to a film or would you rather (stay)
…stay……………….athome?
16.He postponed (make) …making………….a decision till it was too late (do) …to
do………………….anything.
17.Ann (do, usually) …usually does……….the shopping, but I (do) …am
doing…………….it today as she isn’t well.
18.He (speak, always) …always speaks…………….so quickly that I (not understand)
…don’tunderstand…………………. him.
19.He (watch) …was watching………………….TV when the phone rang. Very unwillingly
he (turn) ……turned……………….down the sound and (go) …went………………….to
answer it.

5. Teacher: Nguyễn Minh Ngọc Loan
20.I (buy) ………bought…………….a new house last year, but I (not sell) …have
sold………………….my old house yet, so at the moment I (have)
…have………………….two houses.
21.I always (buy) … buy ………………….a lottery but I never (win) …… win
……………….anything.
22.The burglar (open) …was opening………………….the safe when he (hear)
……heard……………….footsteps. He immediately (put) …put………………….out his
torch and (crawl) ……… crawled…………….under the bed
23.Janet (wear) ……has worn……………….her new blue dress only once since she bought
it. She (wear) …wore…………….it to her brother’s wedding last month.
24.The boys (play) ……were playing………..…….cards when they (hear)
…heard…….……….their father’s steps. They immediately (hide)
…hid………..…….thecards and (take) ……took…………….outtheir lessons books.
25.I think he (leave) ……will leave……………….as soon as he (know)
…knows…………….thenews.
26.When I (be) ………was…………….a child, I (want) …wanted………………….to be a
doctor.
27.While you (play) ……was playing……………….the guitar, I (write) …was
writing………………….a letter.
28.Up to then, I (never, see) …had never seen………………….sucha big fire.
29.How many times have you (be) ……been……………….thereso far?
30.When I (stop) ……stopped……………….at his house this morning, he (still, sleep)
…was still sleeping………………….
31.Before leaving home in the morning, she (tell)…had told………………….her mother
she (work) …would work………………….in that factory that afternoon.
32.By the end of this year, Tom (study) …will have studied………………….English for
three years.
33.By this time last month, we (work) ……had worked……………….for NASA for twenty
years.