Giáo trình ôn luyện thi vào lớp 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH (tập 2)

Tài liệu ôn thi tốt nghiệp và ôn vào lớp 10
1
DẠNG 2 : CHUYỂN ĐỔI CÂU
I. CHUYỂNĐỔITỪ HIỆN TẠI HOÀNTHÀNH SANG QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN /hiện
tại đơn ( VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI )
1. This is the first time I have seen him (đây là lần đầu tôi thấy anh ta )
=>I have never seen him before. ( tôi chưa bao giờ thấy anh ta trước đây )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Đây là lần đầu tiên ... làm chuyện đó => ...chưa bao giờ làm chuyện
đó trước đây.
The first time : lần đầu tiên =>Never ...before: chưa bao giờ
trước đây
2. I started / began studying English 3 years ago. (tôi bắt đầu học TA cách đây 3 năm
)
=> I have studied English for 3 years. ( tôi học TA được 3 năm )
...bắtđầu làm gì đó cách đây + khoảng thời gian => .. đã làm chuyện đó for +
khoảng thời gian
Nếu không có ago mà có when + mệnh đề thì giử nguyên mệnh đề chỉ đổiwhen
thành since thôi
3. I last saw him when I was a student.( lần cuồi cùng tôi thấy anh ta là khi tôi là SV
)
=> I haven't seen him since I was a student.( tôi đã không thấy anh ta từ khi tôi là SV
)
Lần cuối cùng làm chuyện đó là khi ....=> .....khônglàm chuyện đó từ khi ..../ được
mấy năm...
Last : lần cuối =>Since : từ khi / for (được)
4. The last time she went out with him was two years ago.(lần cuối cô ta đi chơi với
anh ta cách đây 2 năm )
=> She hasn't gone out with him for two years.( cô ta đã không đi chơi với anh ta đã
2 năm nay )
Tương tự mẫu 3 nhưng khác phần sau thôi
5. It's ten years since I last met him.(đã 10 năm từ khi tôi gặp anh ta lần cuối )

2
=> I haven't met him for ten years . ( tôi đã không gặp anh ta được10năm rồi )
Đã 1 khoảng thời gian từ khi làm gì đó lần cuối => ..không làm việc đó được 1
khoảng thời gian
6. When did you buy it ? ( bạn đã mua nó khi nào ?
=> How long have you bought ? ( bạn đã mua nó được bao lâu ? )
when : thì dùng quá khứ đơn => How long : thì dùng hiện tại hoàn
thành
EXERCISES.
Viết lại câu không thay đổinghĩa:
1) This is the first time he went abroad. => He
hasn’t……..............................................................
2) She started driving 1 month ago. => She
has…................................................................…
3) We began eating when it started to rain. => We
have……................................................................
4) I last had my hair cut when I left her. => I
haven’t…...................................................................
5) The last time she met me was 5 months ago. => She
hasn’t…....................................................
6) It is a long time since we last met. => We
haven’t…..................................................
7) When did you have it ? => How long
….................................................?
8) This is the first time I had such a delicious meal . => I
haven’t….....................................................
9) I haven’t seen him for 8 days. => The last
…......................................................
10) I haven’t taken a bath since Monday. => It is
….............................................................
11. I’ve study English for 2 years => I began
...........................................................
12. It’s two years since I had a holiday. => I
....................................................................
13.The last time he came to the cinema was two months ago.=>
He.........................................................

3
14. I started the job 6 years ago . -> I have done
........................................................
15. I haven’t been to the cinema for 6 years => The last time
.....................................................
16. It’s five years since we last met each other. => We
...................................................................
17. The last time I saw him was in June . =>
I.......................................................................
18. The last time I played tennis was in 1990.  I
haven’t..............................................................
19.I didn't call her up 2 days ago. =>I
haven't……………………….......................
20.Did you finish the test an hour ago?
=>Have………………………………………?
21.I started playing tennis last year.
=>I've………………………………………………
22.He began to use the computer when he was 19. =>He
has…………………………………
23.She didn't learn hard in 2005. =>She
hasn't……………………………
24.Peter watched this film when he came home. =>Peter
has…………………………
25.It's a week since I last saw her. =>I haven't
…………………………
26.The boys began playing soccera year ago. =>Theboys
have……………………………
27.Did Dad start to work here when I was born?
=>Has………………………………?
28.When did you first see her? =>How
long……………………………………?
29.The last time We saw her was 2 months ago =>Wehaven ‘t
………………………….
30.Tom did not work here when I met him on the street . =>Tomhas
…………………………………
31.This is the first time he forgot his bag =>He has
never……………………………………….
32.Children began to play games at 9pm =>Children
have……………………………………..
33.When did you first know her ? =>How long
……………………………………?

4
II.CHUYỂN ĐỔI QUA LẠI GIỮA CÁC CẤU TRÚC .
1) ĐỔI TỪ SO ..THAT sang SUCH ....THAT :(Quá .....................đếnnổi mà)
N + BE + SO + ADJ + THAT + CLAUSE => ĐẠI TỪ + BE +SUCH ( A,AN )
ADJ + N + THAT CLAUSE
Ex:The bookis so interesting that I have read it many times.=>It is .....
=> It is such an interesting bookthat I have read it many times.
Nếu danh từ là số ít hoặc không đếm được thì không có a, an
2) ĐỔI TỪ SO ..THAT sang TOO...TO :(Quá ..........đếnnổi (không thể ) làm
gì)
S + BE +SO + ADJ + THAT + CLAUSE => S + BE + TOO + adj +
V(to –inf)
Nếu chủ từ 2 câu khác nhau thì thêm phần “for +O” sau TOO
Ex: The water is so hot that I can't drink it. => The water is too hot for me to drink.
3) ĐỔI TỪ “TOO...TO”.. sang “ENOUGH” :
S + BE + TOO + ADJ + TO INF...... => S + BE (not) +ADJ + ENOUGH (for +
O) + V(to-inf)
Cách làm :
- Dùng tính từ phản nghĩa + enough rồi viết lại hết phần sau
Ex: He is too weak to run fast => He isn't strong enough to run fast.
Ghi chú :Trong tất cả các cấu trúc trên nếu chổ BE là V thì ADV sẽ thay cho ADJ
4. Ai đó bỏ ra bao lâu thời gian ... để làm gì => mất bao lâu thời gian ..để làm
gì.
S + spend +time + V-ing ............. => It + take + O “(ai đó)” + time + V(to
–inf )
5.Thậtlà (dể / khó / vui / ...) để làm gì.
To –inf / V-ing + tobe + Adj / noun => It + tobe + Adj / noun + to-inf
=> S + said / think / know + It + tobe + Adj /
noun + to-inf
6. Quen với việc gì trong hiện tại .

5
S + tobe / get + used to + V-
ing
7. Thói quen trong quá khứ / thường/đã từng làm gì trong quá khứ
S + used to + V(B-inf)(nguyên mẫu không có
TO
8. V(to-inf) => V-ing và ngược lại.
9. CHUYỂN ĐỔI GIỮA CÁC CÂU YÊU CẦU , ĐỀ NGHỊ
Why don’twe + V (B-inf)
Let’s + V (B-inf)
Can /will + you / I + V (B-inf)
What about + V- ing
Would you mind + V- ing
Do you mind + V- ing
S + suggest + V- ing
Would you mind if I + V2 / V- ed
Do you mind if I + V (B-inf)
S + suggest (that) + S + should (not)+ V
(B-inf)
EXERCISE : Viết lại câukhông thay đổi nghĩa:
1) The room is so tidy that it took us one hour to clean it.=> It is
........................................................
2) The man is so fool that no one tookany notice of him.
=> He is ... .........................................................................................................
3) The film is so long that they can't broadcastit on one night.
=> It is ..... ........................................................................................................
4) The books are so interesting that we have read them many times.
=> They are.... .........................................................................................................
5) The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it.
=> It was.... ........................................................................................................
6) The food was so hot that it turned my tongue.
=> It was.... .........................................................................................................
7) There is so much rain that we can't go out.=> There is such....
.................................................................
8) The boy is so fat that every calls him Stuffy.=> He is ...
.........................................................................
9) The milk is so excellent that all the children want some more.
=> It is .... ........................................................................................................
10) The weather was so warm that they had a walk in the garden.
=> It was.... ........................................................................................................

6
11) There were so many people in the hall that we couldn't see him.
=> There were such..
.........................................................................................................
12) The match was so exciting that all the fans shouted loudly.
=> It was... ........................................................................................................
13) They drank so much coffee that they couldn't sleep all night.
=> They drunk such.....
........................................................................................................
14) Alice had so many exercises to do that she couldn't go out.
=> Alice had such....
.........................................................................................................
15) The woman was so poorthat she needed everyone's help.
=> She was .. ........................................................................................................
16. When he was young , he usually did morning exercise.
=> He used to ........................................................................................................
17.John finished his exercises in two minutes .=> It took
........................................................................
18. They want to sit in the sunlight.=> They enjoy
.................................................................................
19. Tom doesn’tplay socceranymore . => Tom used
............................................................................
20. The flight to Hanoi lasted three houses => It took
...........................................................................
21. He used to do the test in 40 minutes .=> It used to take
...................................................................
22. Learning English is difficult . => It’s difficult
..................................................................................
23. Last year Nam often went to schoollate . => Last year Nam used to
............................................
24. My father wants to go to the park in his freetime .
=> My father loves / enjoys / likes
........................................................................................................
25. Walking in the rain is very interesting . => I think it’s
.........................................................................
26. He thinks English is easy to learn . => He thinks it’s
....................................................................
27. Lan loves reading picture books => Lan wants
........................................................................
28. This exercise is difficult to do . => It’s
..................................................................................

7
29. It’s dangerous to drive car fast => Driving
..............................................................................
30. It’s happy to go on a picnic => Going
................................................................................
31.Let’s meet for lunch => She suggested
...................................................................
32.Why don’twe go to the movie ? => Lan
suggested....................................................................
33. Why don’tyou have your hair cut , Ba ? => Nam suggests
................................................................
34.I suggest that we should go to the park => What about
..................................................................
35. “ Shall we have dinner somewhere after the theater?” => Peter suggested
.........................................
36. “Why don’tyou take it to the bank ,Nam” said Mary => Mayr
............................................................
37. Let’s buy some flour and make our own bread => Why don’t we
..............................................
38. “ Let’s not tell any one ,” said Tom => Tom suggested
..............................................
39. Will you give me a pen ? => Do you mind
...............................................
40.Can I help you ? => Would you mind if I
....................................
III. CÁCH CHUYỂN TỪ CÂU THƯỜNG SANG CÂU ƯỚC MUỐN (WISH).
a. Diễn tả mong ước có sự thay đổi ở tương lai
S1 + wish + S2 + would / could + Bare-infinitive (ng . mẫu không
To
Chú ý : chủ ngữ của wish không giống như chủ ngữ của would
Ex: I wish he would stop smoking . Tôi mong sao anh ấy sẽ ngừng
hút thuốc.
b. Diễn tả mong ước trái với sự thật ở hiện tại / hoặc không xảy ra ở hiện tại.
S + wish + S + Pastsubjunctive- quá khứ bàng thái ( V-ed / V2 /
Were )
CHÚ Ý : S + WISH có thể thay bằng If only
EXERCISES.
1. I can’t speak English perfectly. I
wish……….....…………..………….....….……………………………

8
2. I can’t do this exercise.  I
wish……….....…………..………….....….…………………………
3. I don’tknowhow to swim.  I
wish……….....………….….....………..……………………………
4. The weather is not better today.  I
wish……….....…………..………….....….………………………………
4. you don’tlike my painting.  I
wish……….....…………..………….....….…………………………
5. I have to work on Saturday.  I
wish……….....…………..………….....….……………………………
6. you come here late.  I
wish……….....…………..………….....….…………………………
7. I will be there soon.  I
wish……….....…………..………….....….……………………
8. I don’tknow anyone in this class.  I
wish……….....…………..………….....................….……………
9. The dictionary is very expensive.  I
wish……….....…………..………….....................….………
10. It’s a pity that my room is too small!  I
wish……….....…………..………….....................….…………………
11. She isn’t here.  She wishes
……….....…………..………….....................….…
12. The students never go abroad.  The students wish
............….…………………………………
13. They cannot eat seafood.  They
wish……….....………….....................….……………
14. Their team don’tplay very well.  They
wish……….....…………..………….....................….……………
15. Lien never goes on a camping trip.  Lien
wishes……….....…………..………….....................…………………
wish……….....….....................….………………………………
17. It’s very cold in the winter here.  I
wish……….....…………..….....................….………………………………
wish……….....………………........……………………
19. The dictionary is very expensive.  I
wish……….....…………..………….....................….
20. It’s pity that Lan is not here now -> I wish
.......................................................................

9
21. I want the baby stop crying -> I
wish.......................................................................
22.He is sorry that he doesn’tknow her address.-> He
wishes..............................................................
23. I’m afraid he won’t get over his illness soon -> I wish
.......................................................................
24. My father isn’t here now . I want him tobe here now. I wish
............................................................
25. You are too lazy the teacher wants you tobemore studious. => The teacher
wishes.........................
26. I live in a big city and I don’t like it . => I wish
..............................................................................
27. I feel sick because I eat too much ice – cream . => I wish
.............................................................
VI. CÁCH CHUYỂN TỪ CÂU THƯỜNG SANG CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN (IF):
loaïi If Clause (meänh ñeà
If )
Main Clause ( m.ñeà
chính )
Meaning (ý nghĩa )
1 If + S + V(s/es) /V(b-
inf)
Thì hiện tại
đơn
S+ will /can /
should/…+b-inf
Hoặc : S+ V(s/es) /V(b-
inf)
Thì hiện tại
đơn(chỉ một quy luật ,sự
thật ,thói quen )
coù theå xaûy raôû
hieän taïi hoặc töông
lai . Điều kiện xảy ra
như 1 sự cần thiết , sự
cho phép,,sựbắt
buột,…
2 If+S+ were/ weren’t
V2/V-
ed/(didn’t+V1)
S+Would/Could/Might
+ V1
trái với sự thật ở hiện
tại / hoặc không thể
xảy ra ở hiện tại
3 If + S+ had + PP
Quá khứ hoàn
thành
S+would / might+have+
PP
could /should
trái với sự thật ở quá
khứ / hoặc không thể
xảy ra ở quá khứ
Ex1 : I will stay at home if it rains
If you leave before 10 o’clock, you will catchthe train easily
CHÚ Ý : “UNLESS = trừ khi” có thể thay cho “If ... not” , thường dùng cho loại
1
Ex: If you don’tstudy hard , you can’t pass the exam.=> Unless you study hard , you
can’t pass ......

10
- Nếu câu đề là thì hiện tại - hiện tại / tương lai thì dùng loại 2 + phản nghĩa .
Ex:It is rainy. I can't go to school. => If it weren't rainy, I could go to school.
- Nếu câu đề là thì tương lai - tương lai thì dùng loại 1 (không phản nghĩa )
I will go to the store. I will buy you a present. =>If I go to the store, I will buy you a
present.
- Nếu câu đề là : Don’t V…….or + mệnh đề thì viết lại là =>If you V ( viết lại hết
,bỏ or )(loại 1)
Ex:Don’t go out or you will get wet. => if you go out, you will get wet.
- Nếu câu đề là: V …….or+ mệnh đề thì viết lại là :If you don’t V ( viết lại hết ,bỏ
or )(loại 1)
Ex:Raise your hand or I will kill you. => If you don’traise your hand, I will
kill you.
Lưu ý :
Nếu trong câu có because , so(= that’s why) thì phải bỏ ( đặt if vào chổ because , còn
so(= that’s why) thì ngựoc lại )
1) He can’t go out because he has to study for his exam.
=> If…….....................................................................................................
2) She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam.
If…….
3) He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car.
=> If…….....................................................................................................
4) He smokes too much; that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough.
=> If…….....................................................................................................
5) She is very shy, so she doesn’tenjoy the party.
=> If…….....................................................................................................
6) I will get a work permit. I will stay for another month.
=> If…….....................................................................................................
7) He doesn’ttake any exercises. He is so unhealthy
=> If…….....................................................................................................
8) We can’t get the ticket because I don’thave the right change.
=> If…….....................................................................................................
9) Study hard or you won’t pass the exam.
=> If…….....................................................................................................
10) Don’t be impatient or you will make mistakes.
If…….....................................................................................................
11.You got into so much trouble because you didn’t listen to me.
→ If ________________________________________
12.There are so many bugs in the room because there isn’t a screen on the
window.

11
→ If ________________________________________
13.He is busy right now. So, he can’t help them.
→ If ________________________________________
14.I can’t make all of my own meals because I am not good at cooking.
→ If ________________________________________
15.I’m not you, so I can’t tell him the truth.
→ If I _______________________________________
16.She came, so he wasn’t disappointed.
→ If ________________________________________
17.He is not a good student. He didn’t study for the test yesterday.
→ If ________________________________________
18.I didn’t eat breakfast several hours ago, so I am hungry now.
→ If ________________________________________
19.Mai is sick because she didn’t follow the doctor’s orders.
→ If ________________________________________
20.He is tired this morning because he didn’t go to bed early last night.
→ If ________________________________________
21.They don’tbehave themselves so their parents are not happy about that.
→ If ________________________________________
22.She didn’t say sorry so he was angry.
→ If ________________________________________
23.I am not a rich businessman and I can’t afford to buy an expensive car.
→ If ________________________________________
24.It rained last night so I didn’t go to the barbecue.
→ If ________________________________________
25.My parents do not allow me to go, so I have to stay at home.
→ If ________________________________________
26.She doesn’tpay attention to her cooking so the food is horrible.
→ If ________________________________________
27.The weather was very nice so we didn’t go camping.
→ If ________________________________________
28.The computer broke down and I had to stop my work.
→ If ________________________________________
29.She loves him so she forgives him easily.
→ If ________________________________________
30.He was angry so I didn’t say anything.
→ If .........................................................................................................
IV. CHUYỂN ĐỔI QUA LẠI GIỮA SO SÁNH HƠN / BẰNG / NHẤT
1. So sánh bằng.

12
S+ TOBE /V +AS + ADJ /ADV + AS + N /PRONOUN/
CLAUSE
S + TOBE /V + THE SAME + (N) +AS + N / (PRONOUN
)
Ex: My house is as high as his (house) => My house is the same height as his
Adj noun
Tom is as old as Mary => Tom and Mary are the same age
Adj noun
* Chú ý : Một số tính từ chuyển sang danh từ
Adj Noun
Heavy /light : nặng / nhẹ
Wide / narrow : rộng / hẹp
Deep / shallow : sâu /cạn
Long /short : dài / ngắn
Big / small : to / nhỏ
Old / young : già /trẻ
Weight
Width
Depth
Length
Size
age
2. So sánh hơn
- Tính từ có 1 âm tiết : S1 + tobe / V + Adjective –er /adv-er + than + S2
- Tính từ có 2 âm tiết trở lên: S1 + tobe / V + More + Adjective /adv+than +
S2
3.. So sánh hơn nhất
-Tính từ có 1 âm tiết : S + tobe /V + The + Adj –est/ Adv –est ....
- Tính từ có 2 âm tiết trở lên: S + tobe /V + The most + Adj / Adv ....
Note : Một số tính từ bất qui tắt :
Chưa so sánh So sánh hơn So sánh nhất
Good / well : tốt
Far : xa
Bad/badly :xấu
Many / much :
nhiều
Little : ít
Late :trễ /muộn
Old :lớn / già
Better
Farther/ further
Worse
More
Less
Later
Older
elder
the best
the farthest/ the
furthest
the worst
the most
the least
the latest
the last
the oldest
the eldest
*Các dạng bài tập thường gặp.
1) A hơn B => B không bằng A
Ex:Tom is taller than Mary .=> Mary is not nottall as Tom : Mary không cao bằng

13
Tom
2) không ai ... bằng A => A là ...nhất
Ex:No one in the class is as tall as Tom. => Tom is the tallest in the class. Tom cao
nhất lớp
Viết lại câu không thay đổinghĩa :
1) Nobodyelse in the class is fatter than Mary.=> Mary is the
…......................................................
2) I haven’t written as much as you.=> You have
written…...............................................................
3) Tom’s hair was not as long as Mary’s.=> Mary’s hair
was….........................................................
4) No student in the schoolis noisier than I am.=> I am the
…..........................................................
5) The first film was not as interesting as this one.=> This film was
…..............................................
6) This house is not so expensive as that one.=> That house is the
….................................................
7) My dog ate more than your dog.=> Your dog didn’t
….................................................................
8) Volleyball is not as exciting as football.=> Football is
…….........................................................
9) Tom isn’t as interested in movies as his father.=> Tom’s father is
….............................................
10) Mary is the best cookin this class. => No one else
….............................................................
11.I didn’t spend as much money as you .=>You
.................................................................................
12. Tom is the bestfootball player in this team.=>
.............................................................................
13. Lan cooks better than her sister .=>
............................................................................................
14.Nothing is faster than the speed of light.
=>...................................................................................
15. Yesterday the temperature was nine degrees . Today it’s only xis degrees.
=> Todayis
...................................................................................................................................
...
16.Mary is as pretty as her sister . => Her sister is
..........................................................................

14
17. A new house is more expensive than an old house .
=> A new house is not
...................................................................................................................
18. Nobodyis happier than Nam . => Nam is
..............................................................................
19. TodayEnglish is the most international language .
=> Todayno languages is
..............................................................................................................
20 . Hoa is more hard-working than Lan .=.> Lan is
....................................................................
VI. CHUYỂN ĐỔI QUA LẠI GIỮA ĐỘNG TỪ VÀ DANH TỪ CHỈ
NGƯỜI
CÁCH DÙNG TÍNH TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ
Các dạng đề thường cho là :
Cách làm :
- Đổi động từ thành danh từ chỉ ngừơi
- Đổi trạng từ thành tính từ ,đem đặt trứơc danh từ
ví dụ :Tom drives carefully. ( Tom lái xe cẩn thận )
=> Tom is a careful driver.( Tom là một tài xế cẩn thận )
Một số cách đổiđộng từ thành danh từ chỉ nguời :
Thông thường động từ chỉ việc thêm ER sau động từ. Ex : teach =>teacher
nhưng có một số ngoại lệ sau:
Study => student Type => typist
cycle => cyclist Cook=> cook( không dùng cooker nhé ! )
Play guitar => guitarist
Nếu có động từ play + môn chơi thể thao thì đặt môn chơi trước chữ player:
Play football => football player
EXERCISE.
1) She cooks very well. =>She is a
…….............................................................….
2) My aunt teaches English very well. => My aunt is
…..........................................................…….
3) He cycles very slowly. => He
S + V + ADV => S +BE + (a/an) ADJ + N
(ngừơi)

15
is……...................................................................…
4) He types carefully. => He is
………..................................................................
5) These children are quick runners. => These children can
….............................................…..
6) My father plays soccervery well. => My father is a
……..................................................…..
7) I drive very badly. => I am
a….........................................................................
8) She sings very beautifully. => She is
a………..............................................................
9) He works very hard. => He
is…….................................................................…..
10) Tom swims very fast. =>Tomis
……...................................................................…
11. Nam studies very well => Nam is a
........................................................................
12.Mrs. Hoa is a good teacher => She
.................................................................................
13. Minh is a good tennis player => Minh plays
.....................................................................
VII.CHUYỂN ĐỔI QUA LẠI GIỮA Although/ though/even though =>
despite / in spite of
BECAUSE -> BECAUSE OF
Nguyên tắc chung cần nhớ là :
Although/ though / Because+ mệnh đề
Despite / in spite of / Becauseof + cụm từ
Các công thức biến đổi từ mệnh đề sang cụm từ như sau:
1) Nếu chủ từ 2 mệnh đề giống nhau:
- Bỏ chủ từ ,động từ thêm ING .
Ex:Although Tom got up late, he got to schoolon time.=> Despite / in spite of
getting up late, Tom got to schoolon time.
2) Nếu chủ từ là danh từ + be + tính từ
- Đem tính từ đặt trứoc danh từ ,bỏ to be
Although the rain is heavy,....... => Despite / in spite of the heavy rain, ......
3) Nếu chủ từ là đại từ + be + tính từ :
- Đổi đại từ thành sỡ hửu ,đổi tính từ thành danh từ ,bỏ be
Although He was sick,........ => Despite / in spite of his sickness,.......
4) Nếu chủ từ là đại từ + động từ + trạng từ

16
- Đổi đại từ thành sở hữu, động từ thành danh từ ,trạng từ thành tính từ đặt trước
danh từ
Although He behaved impolitely,..... => Despite / in spite of his impolite
behavior ,.........
5) Nếu câu có dạng : there be + danh từ Hoặc : S + have + N
- Thì bỏ there be
Although there was an accident ,..... => Despite / in spite of an accident,......
Công thức này cũng áp dụng cho biến đổi từ BECAUSE -> BECAUSE OF
BÀI TẬP 1 :
Viết lại câu không thay đổinghĩa:
1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well.=> In spite of
…….....................................
2) Mary could not go to schoolbecause she was sick.=>Because of
….................................................
3) Although the weather was bad, she went to schoolon time.
=> Despite ….......................................................................................................
4) My mother told me to go to schoolalthough I was sick.
=> In spite of …...................................................................................................
5) Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home.
=> Because of …..................................................................................................
6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad.
Despite….............................................................................................................
7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successfulwoman.
=> Despite ….........................................................................................................
8) In spite of his god salary, Tom gave up his job.
=> Although….....................................................................................................
9) Though he had not finished the paper, he went to sleep.
=> In spite of ……..............................................................................................
10) In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies.
=> Even though ….........................................................................................…
11.Mary didn’t go to schoolyesterday because she was sick.
=> Because of ..................................................................................................
12.She went to bed early because she felt tired .
=> She went to bed early because of ...................................................
13.Because it rained heavily, he came late .=> Because of
.....................................................
14.We stopped ourcar becausethe traffic lights turned red .
=> We stopped our car because of ......................................................................
15. I can’t sleep because the weather is hot .

17
=> Because of ...................................................................................................
16.Althought it rained heavily , I went to schoolon time .
=> despite ............................................................/In spite of
..............................................................
VIII. CHUYỂN ĐỔI QUA LẠI GIỮA MỆNH ĐỀ TRẠNG NGỮ CHỈ
NGUYÊN NHÂN
VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ TRẠNG NGỮ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ .
CHUYỂN ĐỔI TỪ CÂU THƯỜNG SANG MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ
NGUYÊN NHÂN “BECAUSE”,MỆNHĐỀ TRẠNG NGỮ CHỈ KẾT
QUẢ”SO” VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ TRẠNG NGỮ CHỈ SỰ NHƯỢNG BỘ
“Although / though / even though”
( Sự chuyển đổi qua lại giữa các từ nối : but ,and , so , because = since =
as,or, therefore , however,if, Although / though / even though, ...)
Ex: * The forecast said it would rain . It turned out to be beautiful day .
=>(Although)
=> Although the forecast said it would rain , it turned out to be beautiful
day.
* I told the truth. No one would believe me . =>(but)
=> I told the truth but no one would believe me.
* Last night he watched TV late , so he is tired now .=> (Because)
=> Because last night he watched TV late , he is tired now.
* He doesn’tlike fish , but he ate it last night . => ( Though)
=>Though he doesn’tlike fish , he ate it last night .
EXERCISE.
1. Hoa went to visit her grandmother. She worked all day. ( even though )
→…………………………………………………………………………
2. It rained hard. My father went to work. ( though )
→………………………………………………………………………….
3. He has an awful stomachache. He has to go to the doctor. (because)
→…………………………………………………………………………….

18
4. Lan is very sleepy. She tries to finish her homework. ( Use:
although )
->
...................................................................................................................................
.......
5.Nam felt unwell ,he went on working. (Using “Although’’)
->
...................................................................................................................................
.......
6.She plays tennis . She plays volleyball .=>
She..................................................................................
7. Are you american? Are you canada ? => Are you
.......................................................................?
8. I don’tlike films . I like comedies . => I
......................................................................................
9. She left early . she came late => Although
........................................................................
10. They came to the bus stop late. They missed the school. (SO) =>
.......................................................
11. My children couldn’t take part in the trip. The weather was bad .
=> Because
........................................................................................................................................
.....
=> The weather was bad so
...................................................................................................................
12.He went home late yesterday because he had to finish his report .
=> He had to finish his report .............................................................................
13.You smoke in public places . You’ll be fined. => You’ll be
fined.........................................................
14.She came home late yesterday . her parents were worry about her
=> Since.......................................................................................
15.He drove so fast ;That’s why he caused a serious accident .
=> Because ..........................................................................................
16.Hurry up or we’ll be late for school. => If
....................................................................
17. There wasn’t enough rain last year, so the crops were not good .
=> The crop
.......................................................................................................................
18. Lan eats rery little so as to not put on weight .=> Lan eats rery little because
....................................

19
19.I felt very tired ,so I went to bed early . => I
went...........................................................................
20. We stopped playing tennis because it started to rain .=> We stopped playing
tennis because of ...........
21.The boy ran out of the house . It started raining .=> The boy
...............................................................
22.You need to drink a lot of water everyday . You don’tlike it. => Even though
.....................................
23. She still cried for food . her father gave her some bread. => She still
..................................................
24. Although the police ran very fast , He couldn’t catch the thief .
=> In spite of ....................................................................................
25. Lan is not a profesional . She plays fencing very well . => Despite
.....................................................
26. Nam is interested in sport. He also interested in collecting stamp . => Nam is
.................................
27. We turned all the light on . It got so dark inside the house .
=> We turned all the light on because of
........................................................................................
28. Because the movie was bad , I went to bed early . => Because of
......................................................
29. Thosefields are not fertile . The farmers don’t fertilize them much .
=> Thosefields are.....................................................................................
30. The students spent a lot of time doing the project for the Y$ Y club. They wanted
to help the poor.
=> Because of
...............................................................................................................................
IX. CHUYỂN ĐỔI QUA LẠI GIỮA CÂU NÓI TRỰC TIẾP VÀ CÂU NÓI
GIÁN TIẾP
Khi đổi một câu nói trực tiếp(câu trong ngoặc kép) sang câunói gián tiếp (bỏ
ngoặc)cầnchú ý:
* Đổi ngôi
* Đổi thì “ luôn quá khứ một bậc”
* Đổi trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn và thời gian
Speaker’s words statement Reported
today / tonight that day / that night
tomorrow the next day / the followingday
yesterday the day before /the previousday
ago / now before / then

20
next/ on Monday the next/ followingMonday
last Monday the previousMonday / the Monday
before
the day after tomorrow in two days’time / two dayslater
this / these that / those
here there
a- Statements (câu khẳng định & phủ định) :
- S + said+ (that) + S + V (quá khứ 1 bậc)
Ex :He said, “I am tired today” -He said(that)he was tired that day
b- Yes- No questions (câu hỏi Yes/no)
-S + asked+ O / wondered(tự hỏi/thắc mắc) + if/whether + S +
V(quá khứ 1 bậc)
Ex : They said , “Are you tired , Tom? -They asked Tom if / whether he
was tired
c- Wh- questions :
- S +asked+ O/ wanted to know + question word + S + V (quá khứ 1
bậc)
Ex: He said to me, “Why don’t you tell me about that ?”-He asked me why I
didn’t tell him about that
d. Commands & requests:(câu yêu cầu / đề nghị)
-S +asked(yêu cầu )/ told ( bảo)+ O +( not) / To –infinitive (ng .mẫu có To)
e.Advice(Lời khuyên):
-S1+ said ( to + O) + that +S2 + SHOULD + V (B-inf)
-S +advised + O +( not) / To –inf
EXERCISES.
1. “ I’ll see you tomorrow’’ =>She
said.....................................................................................
2. “ I saw her today’’ =>She
said..................................................................................
3. “I don’tlike this film’’  She
said.................................................................................
4. “ We went swimming today’’  She
said................................................................................
5. “ I’ll meet Mary on Sunday’’  She
said....................................................................................
6. “ Peter and Sue are getting married tomorrow’’  He
said.....................................................................
7. “I really like this furniture’’  She
said......................................................................

21
8. “ I’m meeting them at four o’clocktoday’’  He
said....................................................................
9. “ I live here with my parents’’  He
said......................................................................
10. “ Our new house is beautiful’’  He
said.....................................................................
11. “ I want to be a teacher of English’’  He
said.........................................................................
12. “ I can’t speak chinese’’  She
said........................................................................
13. “ My sister is now having a wonderful time in Nha Trang’’  He
said........................................................
14. “ I’ll be very busy today’’  She
said...................................................................................
15. “ I must come to the meeting tomorrow’’  He
said...................................................................................
16.“ These roses are for you’’ She told
me.............................................................................
17. “ I’m going away tomorrow , mother’’  He
said..................................................................................
18. “ Nothing can grow in my garden. It never gets sun  He
said................................................................
19. “ It is so foggy today’’  She
said..............................................................
20. “ If you answer the questions correctly, you may win us 100 She
said..................................................
21. “ I have to clean the floor today’’  She
said.....................................................
22.“ These roses are cut from my garden’’  My aunt
said...............................................
23. “Do you want to buy any second – hand books?’’ Bill asked
me………………………..................
24.“Do you play any musical instruments?’’=> Lan asked
me…………………………………..................
25.“Will you have time to play regularly? ’’=> Bill asked
me………………………………………........
26.“Do you play for your schoolteam?’’ => Lan asked
me………….........................................................
27.“Can you speak any other languages?’’  He asked
me.........................................................................

22
28.“Are you interested in learning English?’’ => Lan asked
me………….....................................................
29.“Is there a phone?’’ => Lan asked
me………………………………………………………………........
30.“Do you have many friends?’’  He asked
me.........................................................................................
31.“Do you often get home after 10 .30 p.m?’’ => Lan asked
me…………………………………….........
32.“Can you speak English?’’ => Lan asked
me…………..……………………….........................................
33..“Are you working as well as studying?’’  He asked
me......………………………...............................
34..“Are you interested in acting?’’ => Lan asked
me…………..………………………............................
35.“Is there a college orchestra?’’  He asked
me......………………………..............................................
36..“Have you seen my car keys?’’ => Lan asked
me…………..……………………….............................
37..“Will you come here next week?’’  He asked
me......……………………….....................................
38..“Are you hungry?’’ => Lan asked
me…………..………………………...............................................
39..“Does your brother live in London?’’ => Lan asked
me…………..……………………….....................
40..“Do you know who broke the window?’’  He asked
me......……………………….........................
41..“Have you heard yourself?’’ => Lan asked
me…………..………………………...................................
42..“Have you finished your exam?’’  He asked
me......………………………………...........................
43..“Do you live near your family?’’ => Lan asked
me…………..………………………..........................
44. “Why do you have to do this work?’’  He asked
me.................................................................................
45.“What are you doing?” => He asked
Lan……..........................................................................................
46.“What will you do when you leave school?” => Lan asked
me…………...................................................
47.“How did you know my name?” => He asked
Lan…………………………………………...................

23
48.“Why didn’t you phone me?” => He asked
Lan…….…………………………………...........................
49.“When can I see the doctor?”=> Lan asked
me…………..…………………………………..................
50.“Where are you going?” => He asked
Lan…….………………………………….....................................
51.“Where are you going to spend the holiday?” => Lan asked
me…………..………………......................
52.“How big are the classes?” => He asked
Lan…….………………………………….……………….........
53. “What sorts of food do they serve?” => Lan asked
me…………..…………………………………..........
54.. “How long are you staying here?” => Lan asked
me…………..………………………………….............
55. “What are you going to study ?” => He asked
Lan…….………………………………….........................
56. “What do you think of the canteen coffee?” => Lan asked
me………….....................................................
57. “What’s the name of the college?” => He asked
Lan…….………………………………….....................
58. “How many students are there in the college?” => He asked
Lan…….…………………………...............
59. “Who is the headmaster?” => Lan asked
me…………..………………………………….........................
60. “What country do you come from?” => He asked
Lan…….…………………………………..................
61. “How long do you stay here?” => Lan asked
me…………..…………………………………..................
62. “How will you use English in the future?” => He asked
Lan…….…………………………………............
63. “How far is it to the school?” => Lan asked
me…………………………………………………...............
64. “How do you go to school?” => He asked
Lan…….………………………………….............................
65. “Why are you so late?” => He asked
Lan…….…………………………………..........................................
66. “How did you get to school?” => Lan asked
me…………..………………………………….....................
67. “Why won’t they let me in?” => He asked
Lan…….………………………………….............................

24
68. “Who do you want to talk to?” => He asked
Lan…….…………………………………................................
69. The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.” The doctor advised me .....
70. Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.” Mary suggested .....................................................
71.. “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said. Bill denied ..................................................
72. “You told a lie, Tom”, she said. She accused Tom .....................................................
73.. “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary.
 Mary apologized for
...................................................................................................................................
........
74.. “I won’t help you with your homework. Never ! ” Jane said to me.
 Jane refused
...................................................................................................................................
..............
75. Joe said, “Please come to my party.” Joe invited.........................................................
76. Mr. Gray said, “Don’tplay in the street.” Mr. Gray warned the children not
...................................................................... .
77. “Would you like to come on a picnic with us? They invited ......................... .
78. “Please don’t tell anybody what happened.” He asked ................................. .
79. “If you don’t give me a pay rise. I’ll resign.” She threatened ........................ .
80. “I’ll finish the work by the end of this week.” John promised ....................... .
81. “You ought to take a break, Andrew.” She advised.....................................................
82. “Don’t forget to go to the supermarket after work.” They reminded .............. .
83. “Stay away from me.” Tom warned
..........................................................................................................
84. “Why don’t we sing a few songs?” He suggested .......................................................
85. “You can’t run out of the garden,” Ms. Kelly said to the children.
 Ms. Kelly prevented the children
...............................................................................................................
86. “Are you the new manager, Daisy? Congratulations!” said Bill.
 Bill congratulated
...................................................................................................................................
........
87. “Please give me some more money, Mum,” Daisy said.
 Daisy insisted her mother
..............................................................................................................................
88. “You can stay in my house when I am on holiday.” Jim told us .................... .
89. “I’ve been spending a lot more time with my children.” He said ....................
90. “John left here an hour ago.” She told me ..................................................................
91. “Oh, I’m too hot.” He said
.........................................................................................................................

25
92. “Are you enjoying yourself?” He wanted to know .....................................................
93. “What’s the weather like?” She asked me ..................................................................
94. “Will Ted and Alice be at the party?” She asked us ...................................................
95. “Does Ann always go to church on Sundays?” He wondered ....................... .
96. “How can I solve the problem?” I wanted to know ....................................................
97. “Did you study hard for the exam?” She asked ..........................................................
98. “What did you think of the performance yesterday? She asked me................ .
99. “Sit down, Mary’’ -> the teacher
told..............................................................................................
100.“Don’t go near the sea , children’’ -> She asked her children
...................................................................
101.“Don’t be late ,Jim’’, -> Jim’s father
told.............................................................................
102.“Be quiet, children’’ -> the teacher
told...............................................................................
103.“Open the door,please’’ -> the teacher told Nam
....................................................................
104“Hurry up,’’ -> He told
me....................................................................................
105“Do this test again, please’’ -> the teacher asked Lan
.................................................................
106“Don’t make noise in class’’ -> the teacher asked her students
.....................................................

26
X. CHUYỂN ĐỔI CÂU CHỦ ĐỘNG SANG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG.
Active: S + V + O
Passive: S +to be + PP
+( by +O)
§éng tõ chÝnh cña c©u chñ ®éng ë th× nµo th× tobe ph¶i
chia ë th× ®ã
- Khi ta không xem người thực hiện hành động là quan trọng, thì “ by object” có thể
bỏ đi. ( eg. he, she, they, we, .... people; no-one.. )
TENSE (THÌ) ACTIVE(CHUÛ ÑOÄNG) PASSIVE(BÒ ÑOÄNG)
SIMPLE
PRESENT
(Thì hieän taïi
ñôn)
S + V-s/es + O S + am /is /are + P.P + BY + O
Present
continuous
(thì hieän taïi
tieáp dieãn )
S + am /is /are + V-ING S+ am/ is/ are + being + p.p + by.
Presentperfect
(hieän taïi
hoaøn thaønh)
S + have/has + p.p + O S+ have/has + been + p.p + by + O
Simple past
(quaù khöù ñôn
)
S+ V-ed/V2 + O S+ was / were + p.p +by + O
Past continuous
(quaù khöù
tieáp dieãn)
S+ was/were+ V-ing+ O S+was/were+ being +p.p + by +O
SIMPLE FUTURE
(töông lai ñôn)
S + will/ shall +V+ O S + will/shall + be + p.p +by + O
Modalverb
(ñoängtöø
khieám
khuyeát)
S+ can/ must/tobe going to /
should /
ought to/used to… + V + O
S+ can/must/tobe going to /shou
ought to /used to…+ be +p.p +
2-Specialcases
a. Active: S1+ V1( say/believe/think....) (that) +S2+verb2...
Passive:

27
Cách 1: It + be + PP (verb1) + s2 + verb2 ....
Cách 2: S2+ be+ PP (verb1) + to- infinitive (verb2)...
Ex: People say that he is crazy.
Passive:
It said that he is crazy
He is said to be crazy.
b. Negatives
Ex1: No-one has cleaned the floor lately.
Passive:The floor hasn’t been cleaned lately
Ex2: We didn’t do anything about it.
Passive:Nothing was done about it.
c. Who + V + object ...... ?
Passive: - By whom.....?
- Who...... by ?
Ex: Who wrote this novel ?
Passive:
- By whom was this novel written ?
- Who was this novel written by ?
d. It + be + adjective + to-infinitive + sth
Passive:It + be + adjective+ for sth + to be + PP
Ex: It is important to finish this exercise.
It is important for this exercise to be finished
e. Bare-infinitive + object / Don’t + Bare-infinitive + object
Passive:
Let + object + (not) be + PP
S + be + allowed / advised/asked/supposed/....(not) + to infinitive
Ex1:
Please open the door
Let the doorbe opened
Ex2:
Turn on the light
You are supposed to turn on the light.

28
EXERCISE:
1. A group of students have met their friend at the railway station.
→ ___________________________________________
2. They didn’t allow Tom to take these books home.
→ ___________________________________________
3. The teacher won’t correctexercises tomorrow.
→ ___________________________________________
4. How many trees did they cut down to build that fence?
→ ___________________________________________
5. This well-known library attracts many people.
→ ___________________________________________
6. All students attended the meeting.
→ ___________________________________________
7. People say that he is intelligent.
→ ___________________________________________
8. He can’t repair my bike.
→ ___________________________________________
9. Mary has operated Tom since 10 o’clock.
→ ___________________________________________
10.This is the second time they have written to us about this.
→ ___________________________________________
11.Mr. Smith has taught us French for 2 years.
→ ___________________________________________
12.They didn’t look after the children properly.
→ ___________________________________________
13.Nobodyswept this street last week.
→ ___________________________________________
14.People drink a great deal of tea in England.
→ ___________________________________________
15.People speak English all over the world.
→ ___________________________________________
16.Tom was writing 2 poems.
→ ___________________________________________
17.She often takes her dog for a walk.
→ ___________________________________________
18.How many lessons are you going to learn next month?
→ ___________________________________________
19.She didn’t introduce me to her mother.
→ ___________________________________________

29
20.Someone had invented electric lights before I was born.
→ ___________________________________________
21.Farmers usually milk cows twice a day.
→ ___________________________________________
22.He likes people to call him “sir”.
→ ___________________________________________
23.People know that Japan produces a wide range of cars.
→ ___________________________________________
24.Our teacher used to bid us talk in class.
→ ___________________________________________
25.Don’t let other see you.
→ ___________________________________________
26.Workers were digging a large hole in the ground.
→ ___________________________________________
27.Before they took exams they had revised their lessons.
→ ___________________________________________
28.The car knocked a woman down in the street.
→ ___________________________________________
29.When he came home his father was reading a newspaper.
→ ___________________________________________
30.Cows were eating grass on the meadow.
→ ___________________________________________
31.My cousin will meet you at the station.
→ ___________________________________________
32.She is running her own company.
→ ___________________________________________
33.Visitors must leave umbrellas and raincoats in the cloakroom.
→ ___________________________________________
34.My mother used to make us clean the house.
→ ___________________________________________
35.John hasn’t finished his homework.
→ ___________________________________________
36.They suggested banning advertisements on TV.
→ ___________________________________________
37.I will shut the doorif you like.
→ ___________________________________________
38.We have just seen a horrible accident.
→ ___________________________________________
39.What language do people speak in this country?
→ ___________________________________________
40.At 7 p.m., Mrs. Smith was making cakes.

30
→ ___________________________________________
41.He isn’t going to buy that house.
→ ___________________________________________
42.When I was 18 years old, my parents allowed me to go out in the evening.
→ ___________________________________________
43.This terrorist has kept 3 hostages for a week.
→ ___________________________________________
44.He hasn’t seen you for years.
→ ___________________________________________
45.The examiner will read the passage 3 times.
→ ___________________________________________
46.An earthquake destroyed the town.
→ ___________________________________________
47.He didn’t type the letter last night.
→ ___________________________________________
48.They will pick me up at my house.
→ ___________________________________________
49.When did you see him in that bank?
→ ___________________________________________
50.My father will take me to Ho Chi Minh City next week.
→ ___________________________________________
51.A man returned the keys to me.
→ ___________________________________________
52.Mary will see her friends off at the station.
→ ___________________________________________
53.You were wearing your new hat when I met you yesterday.
→ ___________________________________________
54.He is preparing everything for the presidential election.
→ ___________________________________________
55.Last Friday, when I came to Jane’s house, she had finished all exercises.
→ ___________________________________________
56.They have to pull down that building.
→ ___________________________________________
57.He gave me a knife to cut this bread.
→ ___________________________________________
58.People used to steal a lot of goods from supermarkets.
→ ___________________________________________
59.Countries are finding a way to solve the problem.
→ ___________________________________________
60.He put the letter in the drawer, and then he locked it up.
→ ___________________________________________

31
61.She can sew 3 shirts a day.
→ ___________________________________________
62.By the end of this year, we will have learnt 2,000 English words.
→ ___________________________________________
63.Don’t ask for another bookuntil you finish this one.
→ ___________________________________________
64.We consider that she is the best singer.
→ ___________________________________________
65.Nobodyhas used this room for ages.
→ ___________________________________________
66.Her father was planting different kinds of flowers in the garden.
→ ___________________________________________
67.I am translating an article from English into Vietnamese.
→ ___________________________________________
68.The Prime Minister is making a speechat the moment.
→ ___________________________________________
69.People said he had swallowed a safety pin.
→ ___________________________________________
70.How many days did she spend finishing the work?
→ ___________________________________________
71.Someone is following me.
→ ___________________________________________
72.She read the letter again and again last night.
→ ___________________________________________
73.The doctorpulled out one of my teeth yesterday morning.
→ ___________________________________________
74.The tailor has just made a new suit for me.
→ ___________________________________________
75.Someone saw him pick up the gun.
→ ___________________________________________
76.He has caught a lion and shot 2 others.
→ ___________________________________________
77.He received a letter from home by the evening post.
→ ___________________________________________
78.I put the 5 pound note into one of my books yesterday.
→ ___________________________________________
79.After he had told the story, we clapped our hands.
→ ___________________________________________
80.His wife usually brings him sandwiches at lunch time.
→ ___________________________________________
81.They were continually asking question.

32
→ ___________________________________________
82.We have to pick fruit very early in the morning.
→ ___________________________________________
83.How many books do you give me?
→ ___________________________________________
84.He always lost keys.
→ ___________________________________________
85.The light went out while I was making a cup of tea.
→ ___________________________________________
86.When she went to Barcelona, she learnt some Spanish.
→ ___________________________________________
87.The State will assign our students to different jobs.
→ ___________________________________________
88.The government launched the blood drive.
→ ___________________________________________
89.The students of chemistry made many experiments last week.
→ ___________________________________________
90.When will you do the work?
→ ___________________________________________
91.My brother has sent me this interesting book.
→ ___________________________________________
92.She asked her mother to let her go.
→ ___________________________________________
93.He couldn’t find his key.
→ ___________________________________________
94.She used to pull my hat over my eyes.
→ ___________________________________________
95.For the past years, I have done all my washing by hand.
→ ___________________________________________
96.A pair of robins have built a nest in the porchsince last week.
→ ___________________________________________
97.The police haven’t found the murderer yet.
→ ___________________________________________
98.They sold one of her own paintings at $1,000.
→ ___________________________________________
99.I will put your gloves back in your drawer.
→ ___________________________________________
100. Have you seen Philip lately?
→ ___________________________________________
101. When did you receive my letter?
→ ___________________________________________

33
102. Mr. Speed is dictating 3 letters to Ann.
→ ___________________________________________
103. I found the bookboring.
→ ___________________________________________
104. Jack felled a tree in the garden yesterday.
→ ___________________________________________
105. When I came back home, my mother was preparing lunch.
→ ___________________________________________
106. The house was dirty becausewe hadn’t cleaned it for weeks.
→ ___________________________________________
107. People say that they bought this shop last year.
→ ___________________________________________
108. He wants her to write an article.
→ ___________________________________________
109. My parents encouraged me to apply for this job.
→ ___________________________________________
110. A 70-year old pensioner, Mrs. Parker, found a puma in her back garden.
→ ___________________________________________
111. A teacher should be a person that everyone can respect.
→ ___________________________________________
112. If I collected a lot of shells on the beach I would give you some.
→ ___________________________________________
113. People believed that the policeman had saved many children from the fire.
→ ___________________________________________
114. European countries decided to put a high tax on petrol.
→ ___________________________________________
115. People say that the decision imposes tight restrictions on cross-bordertrade.
→ ___________________________________________
116. My sister often makes me do the washing up.
→ ___________________________________________
117. The policeman allows all vehicles to go when traffic lights are green.
→ ___________________________________________
118. Everyone believes him right.
→ ___________________________________________
119. We made her head of the class.
→ ___________________________________________
120. They were carrying the injured player off the field.
→ ___________________________________________
121. I like you to take photographs.
→ ___________________________________________
122. Haven’t you yet found out information about the trains to Hanoi?

34
→ ___________________________________________
123. Peter advised me not to sell that flat.
→ ___________________________________________
124. He urged the Government to pass the law.
→ ___________________________________________
125. She decided to paint her house blue.
→ ___________________________________________
126. My classmates used to call me John.
→ ___________________________________________
127. Mr. Smith will appoint Tom the director tomorrow?
→ ___________________________________________
128. You should pay more attention to your study.
→ ___________________________________________
129. He heard the bell ring.
→ ___________________________________________
130. Did anyone take English books away?
→ ___________________________________________
131. The major ordered the soldiers to march.
→ ___________________________________________
132. Before we gave you our decision, we had thought carefully.
→ ___________________________________________
133. Do people use milk for making butter and cheese?
→ ___________________________________________
134. They didn’t invite me to the birthday party.
→ ___________________________________________
135. Did they build that house in 1972?
→ ___________________________________________
136. The teacher will give her a prize if she works well.
→ ___________________________________________
137. People said that he could swim across this river.
→ ___________________________________________
138. The policeman showed you the way to Thu Le zoo.
→ ___________________________________________
139. He won’t tell me the truth about the situation.
→ ___________________________________________
140. They can see the valley from the top of this hill.
→ ___________________________________________
141. All the students choosehim the monitor.
→ ___________________________________________
142. You must wash your hands.
→ ___________________________________________

35
143. My favorite football team hasn’t won many matches so far this season.
→ ___________________________________________
144. My father has used this bicycle for 5 years.
→ ___________________________________________
145. The government is taking measures to attract foreign investment.
→ ___________________________________________
146. Someone broke into her house last night.
→ ___________________________________________
147. How do you spend this amount of money?
→ ___________________________________________
148. Paul didn’t tell me the ending of the story.
→ ___________________________________________
149. She needs English for her work.
→ ___________________________________________
150. Have you seen any good films so far?
→ ___________________________________________
151. They didn’t see you at the bus stop.
→ ___________________________________________
152. How did you break your leg?
→ ___________________________________________
153. My dogis attacking the postman.
→ ___________________________________________
154. I couldn’t catch any fish.
→ ___________________________________________
155. Mrs. White was drawing diagrams on the blackboard.
→ ___________________________________________
156. Most of the boys listened to the teacher attentively.
→ ___________________________________________
157. She promised not to report me to the police.
→ ___________________________________________
158. I believed one of the dogs had discovered some cannabis.
→ ___________________________________________
159. The cashier used to do the accounts.
→ ___________________________________________
160. The computer can do all the accounts.
→ ___________________________________________
161. My dictionary doesn’tgive any example of this word.
→ ___________________________________________
162. The local council decided to rebuild the house oppositethe college.
→ ___________________________________________
163. She asked me to lend her $100.

36
→ ___________________________________________
164. She is going to buy a cookery book.
→ ___________________________________________
165. The policeman is sticking a parking ticket to the windscreen.
→ ___________________________________________
166. All the tourist guides can speak at least 3 foreign languages.
→ ___________________________________________
167. Mr. Nam gives lectures in universities everyday.
→ ___________________________________________
168. How do you make a survey?
→ ___________________________________________
169. I found this baby bird at the foot of a tree.
→ ___________________________________________
170. She couldn’t catch his name.
→ ___________________________________________
171. They were watching her on closed circuit TV.
→ ___________________________________________
172. They can’t carry the piano upstairs.
→ ___________________________________________
173. He often sends postcardsto his mother.
→ ___________________________________________
174. I needn’t wind this watch.
→ ___________________________________________
175. Daisy is hanging out all the washing out.
→ ___________________________________________
176. Why did people think Halloween was important?
→ ___________________________________________
177. Why don’tyou write a novel?
→ ___________________________________________
178. He saw you shopping.
→ ___________________________________________
179. Will you postthis letter on the way to work?
→ ___________________________________________
180. Children should treat old men with respect.
→ ___________________________________________
181. She is taking care of the baby girl.
→ ___________________________________________
182. He immediately accepted his guilt.
→ ___________________________________________
183. I am sure that I will prepare everything carefully.
→ ___________________________________________

37
184. I advise my sister to put her money boxunder the carpet.
→ ___________________________________________
185. How many ways can you solve this problem?
→ ___________________________________________
186. He gave the magazine back to me.
→ ___________________________________________
187. Tom borrowed her bookand lost it.
→ ___________________________________________
188. Someone turned on the light and opened the door.
→ ___________________________________________
189. Lan left her bag in the classroom.
→ ___________________________________________
190. Some students haven’t submitted their assignments to the teacher on time.
→ ___________________________________________
191. They brought their children up in Italy.
→ ___________________________________________
192. After 10 minutes, he will call us in.
→ ___________________________________________
193. They are repairing my piano now.
→ ___________________________________________
194. You must keep dogs outside shops.
→ ___________________________________________
195. The postman usually leaves letters in the hall.
→ ___________________________________________
196. You can’t wear this shirt because it is very small.
→ ___________________________________________
197. The government is launching an anti-smuggling campaign.
→ ___________________________________________
198. He can speak 4 languages.
→ ___________________________________________
199. She used to make cloth puppets.
→ ___________________________________________
200. Why don’tyou open a bank account?
→ ___________________________________________
XI. RELATIVE CLAUSE - RELATIVE PRONOUNS .
*RELATIVE CLAUSE ( mệnh đề quan hệ) là câu có chứa đại từ quan hệ mang
chức năng như là tính từ để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ hoặc cụm danh từ ở mệnh đề
chính.

38
* Relative pronoun: (Ñaïi töø quan heä ) : là từ duøngñeånoáihai caâu rieâng
bieät thaønh moät caâu.Noù thay theá cho moät cuïm töø hoặc từ làm chủ ngữ
hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề tính ngữ .
** Các đại từ quan hệluôn đứng sát ngaysau danh từ mà mệnh đề tính ngữ bổ
nghĩa
Mệnh đề không xác
định
Mệnh đề xác định
Chủ
ngữ
Người Who that
Vật Which
Tân
ngữ
Người Whom / (who) That / #
Vật Which
Sở
hữu
(của)
Người whose whose
Vật Whose / of which Whose / of which
- WHO: Duøngthay theá cho cuïm töø/từ chæ ngöôøi , làm chuû ngöõ trong
mệnh đề tính ngữ.
- I need to meet the boy. The boy is my friend’s son.
 I need to meet the boy who is my friend’s son.
- The woman is standing over there. She is my sister.
Thewoman who is standingover there is my sister.
- WHOM: Duøngthay theá cho từ/cuïm töø chæ ngöôøi , làm tân ngữ trong mệnh
đề tính ngữ
Ex:- I know the girl. I spoke to this girl.
 I know the girl whom I spoke to.
- The man is my teacher. Your father is talking to him.
 The man whom your father is talking to is my teacher.
- WHOSE: Laø ñaïi töø quan heä chæ söï sôû höõu . Noù thay theá cho sôû höõu
cuûa ngöôøi, vaät (his-, her-, its-, their / mai’s / …).
- This is the student. I borrowed his book.
 This is the student whose book I borrowed.
- John found the cat. Its leg was broken.
 John found the cat whose leg was broken.
- WHICH:Duøngthay theá cho từ / cuïm töø chæ ñoà vaät ,vật ,sự việc làm chuû
/ tân ngữ trong mệnh đề tính ngữ.
- She worksfor a company. Itmakes cars
 She works for a company which makes cars.
- The Passover is very exciting. People hold it in late March or early April.
 The Passover which people hold in late March or early April is very
exciting.

39
- THAT : Duøngthay theá cho WHO/WHICH /WHOM trongmệnh đề quan hệ
giới hạn
* Relative adverb ( Traïng töø quan heä )
- WHEN: là từ thay thế cho từ/cụm từ làm trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong mệnh đề tính
ngữ
Ex: This is the month. I wasborn in this monh . => This is the month
when I wasborn.
- WHERE:là từ thay thế cho từ/cụm từ làm trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn trong mệnh đề tính
ngữ
Ex: Hueis the place.I was born on that place , => Hueis the place where I
was born.
*** Defining and Non-defining Relative Clauses: MÑQH giôùi haïn vaø MÑQH
khoâng giôùi haïn
1. Defining Relative Clauses: MÑQH giôùi haïn
Duøngñeå boå nghóa cho danhtöø ñöùng tröôùc chöa ñöôïc xaùc ñònh roõ.
Neáu boû ñi meänh ñeà chính seõ khoâng roõ nghóa.
Ex: I saw the girl. She helped us last week.
 I saw the girl who/that helped us last week.
2. Non-defining Relative Clauses: MÑQH khoâng giôùi haïn
Duøng ñeå boå nghóa cho danh töø ñöùng tröôùc ñaõ ñöôïc xaùc ñònh roõ,
laø phaàn chỉ giaûi thích theâm. Neáu boû ñi meänh ñeà chính vaãn roõ nghóa.
Meänhñeà naøy thöôøng ñöôïc taùch khoûi meänh ñeà chính baèng daáu phaåy
“,”.
Ta duøng meänh ñeà quan heä khoâng haïn ñònh/giới hạn khi:
- Tröôùc danh töø quan heä coù: this/that/these/those/my/her/his/…
Ex: My father is a doctor. He is fifty years old
 My father, who is fifty years old, is a doctor.
- Töø quan heä laø teân rieâng hoaëc danh töø rieâng.
Ex: Mr Brown is a very nice teacher. We studied English with him.
 Mr Brown, who we studied English with, is a very nice teacher.
* LÖU YÙ: KHOÂNG duøng THAT trong MÑQH khoâng haïn ñònh.
Relative clause
Fill in each blank with one suitable relative pronoun (who, whom, whose,
which) or relative adverb (where, when).
1. The man ____________ your mother is talking to is my English teacher.
2. Ha Long Bay is a beautiful spot ____________ thousands of tourists visit
every year.
3. The students ____________are standing in front of the library is my
classmates.

40
4. Hoa’s parents ____________ are farmers work very hard to earn their living.
5. The children like to play football ____________ is very popular in our
country.
6. These are the latest news ____________ you might want to know.
7. Ba and his friends are fond of the performing animals ____________ have
just come to town.
8. The beach ____________ the students are cleaning up the trash is a beautiful
one.
9. The parrot ____________ can speak some words belongs to my close friend.
10.This is the best movie ____________ I have seen.
11.He is enjoys reading books ____________ are on computer science.
12.Mother’s Day is the day ____________. the children show their love to their
mother.
13.Tet is a Vietnamese festival ____________ takes place in late January or early
February.
14.The little girl ____________ is wearing the red dress sings beautifully.
15.Thu enjoyed her trip to Da Lat ____________ her grandparents lived long
ago.
16.Lan’s parents came back to Ha Noi ____________ they visited last year.
17.They like Asian food ____________ is sold in that market.
18.Mary, ____________ sits next to me, is good at maths.
19.My office, ____________ is on the second floor of the building, is not very
big.
20.That’s Jack, ____________ lives next door.
Join the sentences. Use relative pronouns: who, which , whose :
1. Chinese people have a very special kind of soup. This kind of soup is made
from shark’s fin.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
2. A lot of fish died everyday. They live in the polluted sea.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
3. We have a new teacher. I really like her.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............

41
4. Many people get sick or die every year. These people eat puffer fish, a very
poisonous species.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
5. She ‘ll tell you the story. That story will surprise you.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
6. The Nile is the home of a great variety of fish. The Nile is in Egypt.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
7. Yesterday, I visited Tri Nguyen aquarium. It has various species of fish.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
8. The movie Harry Potter is coming soon. I’m longing to see it.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
9. Then he was caught in the mouth of a while shark.It is one of the most
dangerous sea creatures.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
10.The most beautiful park is opposite my house. It has a lot of big trees.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
11.The girl was injured in the accident . She is now in hospital.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
12.A man anwered the phone. He told me you were away.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
13.A waitress served us. She was very impolite and impatient.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
14.A building was destroyed in the fire. It has now been rebuilt.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
15.Some people were arrested . They have now been released.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
16.. A bus goes to the airport. It runs every half an hour.

42
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
17.Petr is studying French and German. He has been abroad.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
18.You’ve all met Michael Wood. He is visiting us for a couple of days.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
19.We are moving to Manchester.Manchester is the north west.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
20.I’ll stay with Adrian. His brother is one of my closet friends.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
21.John Bridge is one of my oldest friends. He has just gone to live in Canada.
=>..............................................................................................................................
.............
22.The Earth is a planet. It can supportlife.-
>……………………………………………………….
23.The bookis about the girl. She runs away from
home……………………………………………
24.A dictionary is a book. It gives you the meaning of
words……………………………………….
25.The man was very kind. I talk to him
yesterday…………………………………………………..
26.She is the woman . I told you about her.
27.The man works in the hospital. I told you about him.
28.The picture was very beautiful. She was looking at it.
29.I’ll give you the address. You should write to it.
30.The movie is very fantastic. They are talking about it.
31.The woman teaches me English. You are listening to her.
32.The scientists are making progress. They are reseaching the causes of cancer.
33.Do you know the woman? Who is coming toward us?
34.The people are getting wet. They are waiting for the bus in the rain.
35.The fence is made from wood. It surrounds our house.
36.The first person is Mr. Smith. We must see him.
37.He is a famous doctorinmy neighbour. You have just met his daughter last
night.
38.Tet is a big occasion. The members of family gather on this occasion.
39.New York is a famous city. Everybody want to live in this city.
40.The country is very peaceful and fresh . The old people enjoy living there.

43
41.Trinh Cong Son composed songs. Theyare greatly liked by millions of
Vietnamese people.
42.William is my uncle. I went fishing with william last Sunday..
43.Her bookis widely read . It is well- written.
44.He is a famous writer in our time. I read many his books.
45.Cuc phuong is a famous nation park. I came there along time ago.
46.He is a manager in this factory. You have talked to his mother in the
company.
47.Alice is my friends. Alice’s mother died in an accident last year.
48.These flowers are roses. I bought them for my sister on her birthday.
49.The female mosquito can suck blood and transmit maralia. It can survive in
new and different environments.
50.I remember the day. I was afraid to use my new computer then.
51.I work in an office. In my office the software changes frequently.
52.The secretary give you information. She sits at the first desk on the right.
53.The Southam Chess Club meets weekly on Friday evenings. It has more than
50 members.
54.My sonis very intelligent. His friends all are good citizens.
55.Lan is my classmate. She lives near my parents’ house.
56.The young man is talking to our teacher. He is Ba’s brother.
57.We visited the monument. The famous engineer built it more than 50 years
ago.
58. the victims of the club need help. They were hafl-starved for many days.
59.The baby was still alive. He was lifted and put down a hundred meters away
by the tornado.
60.Ninety per cent of the earthquakes occuraround the Pacific Rim. It is known
as the Ring of Fire.
61.In the 1960s, a huge tidal wave hit Anchorage. The tidal wave travled from
California to Alaska.
62.The weather forecast program take place at 8:oo pm every day. Some people
like to watch it.
63.Hoa’s parents buy a lot of candles and food. They’ll use them in case the
market is closed because of the hurricane.
64.Mr Phong is our geography teacher.He has been teaching in our scchoolfor
ten years.
65.A typhoon is a violent tropical storm. It can cause great destruction.
66.Violent tropical storms are called hurricane in America. They reach 120
kilometers per hour.
67.Mr. Tuan teaches us chemistry. His friends are also my friends’ father.
68.The children talked about the clowns and his animals. They saw them at the
circus.

44
69.The tornado struck with a great force. It lifted the houses off the ground.
70.My classmates had so much fun at the carnival. They wanted to go there
again.
71.Lan took some change. She wanted to buy some drink.
72.The boys are very interesting in football. It is a popular games all over the
world.
73.The tourists visited China. They went to see the Great Wall and the old
Kingdom in Beijing.
74.Her grandma wanted to listened to the news on TV. She was interested in the
newsreel.
75.Dolphins are sometimes caught and killed in fishing nets. They often swim
with other fish.
76.This is the simple house. Uncle Ho had lived there for a long time ago.
77.Mrs Lien is very smart. I met the sonof her on the stage last night.
78.Mr. Quang is a famous cheft cook. His food can be enjoyed all over the wold.
79.Phong met that movie tar in the perform. She looked really beautiful in her
costumes.
80.Children like to eat ice-cream.It can cause toothache if they have too much
everyday.
81.Thu wants to drink some medicine.She had a headache.
82.Lan went back home. Her child was seriously ill after the rain.
83.Mr. Tuan is very tall and thin. He is our gymmaster.
84.The lady in black is a famous writer. You met her at the party last night.
85.The little boylost his way. He is crying over there.
86.The children are playing soccerin the stadium. Do you know them?
87.The river is the Saigon river. It flows through Ho Chi Minh city.
88.Mona was painted by Leonardo De Vinci. It has been popular for long.
89.SaPa is a famous city. Many visitors travel to this city for their holiday.
90.Easter is a festival. People will have a lot of fun in this occasion.
91.Quynh Dao is a famous writer. Quynh Dao’s works are widely read all over
the world.
92.Nam is an excellent student. His father’s death made him sad a lot.
93.Teacher’s Day is a day. All the students show their gratitude to their teacher
on that day.
94.Australia is a cotinent. It consists of many kind of animals all over the world.
95.Vu Quoc Viet is a famous artist. I love his works very much.
96.Ha Noi is an ancient city. Many customs are still on this lovely area.
97.Kim Lien is a village. Ho Chi Minh was born and lived there
98.I have a class. It begins at 8.00a.m.
………………………………………………………………………………
………….

45
99.I don’tknow the man. He is talking to Rita.
………………………………………………………………………………
………………
100.I know the man. His bicycle was stolen.
………………………………………………………………………………
…………………...
101.On my mom’s birthday my Dad gave her roses. The roses were very sweet
and beautiful.
………………………………………………………………………………
……………………
102.I am using a sentence. It contains an adjective clause.
………………………………………………………………………………
….
103.I don’tknow the woman.She is standing over there.
………………………………………………………………………………
………………
104.I know the man. His son died in the war
………………………………………………………………………………
…………………...
105. I like reading books. Books tell about different people and their cultures.
………………………………………………………………………………
……………………
106. Tomorrow I’ll go to the airport to meet my friends. My friends come to stay
with us during the Christmas.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………
107. We often go to the town culture house. The town culture house always opens on
public holidays.
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………
VI. TAG QUESTIONS-CÂU HỎI ĐUÔI. câu nói phần
đuôi
Câu hỏi đuôi luôn có 2 vế : câu nói và phần đuôi : Ex: You don’tlike music , do you
?
- Nếu ở phần câu nói là dạng KHẲNG ĐỊNH , thì phần đuôi là dạng PHỦ ĐỊNH và
ngược lại
- Dạng phủ định của phần đuôi luôn phải được VIẾT TẮT ( isn’t /aren’t/weren’t /
didn’t /don’t/…)
- Chủ ngữ của phần đuôi luôn phải dùng đại từ nhân xưng ( he / she /they /it /we /
you / I)

Giáo trình ôn luyện thi vào lớp 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH (tập 2)

Giáo trình ôn luyện thi vào lớp 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH (tập 2)

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Giáo trình ôn luyện thi vào lớp 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH (tập 2)

Similar to Giáo trình ôn luyện thi vào lớp 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH (tập 2) (20)

More from AnAuCoeur

More from AnAuCoeur (12)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Giáo trình ôn luyện thi vào lớp 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH (tập 2)