History, definitions, face shapes, makeup techniques

1. History of Make up
A
ll that started some 12 thousand years ago when Ancient Egyptians discovered
healing abilities of scented oils. From that point, their cosmetic industry rose
higher and higher to the point when it became important part of their religion.
Gods were honored by entire population with large use of cosmetics, almost everyone used
oils, eyeliners, and similar products to enhance their look. Even though some of their
ingredients were poisonous, allure of cosmetic did not lessen. However, when cosmetics
found their way outside from Egypt, there reached resistance in Greece and Rome. There
cosmetic reached broad popularity, but it was viewed as extravagant and unneeded by many.
In Rome, there was a period when women were not considered beautiful if they did not wear
cosmetics. This lead to the inflation of the prices, and few wealthy women managed to
gamble large fortunes on expensive cosmetics from India and Middle East. To combat this
epidemic, Roman Senate declared the (short lived) law that prevented public exhibitions of
cosmetic products and extravagant female clothing in all of the cities of Roman Republic.
European Dark Ages was the time when cosmetics almost disappeared from public
knowledge. Because of the tradition of prostitutes to use excessive amounts of cosmetics to
hide their age and exaggerate their beauty, for the longest time cosmetics were totally
abandoned by majority of the European population. Kings and queens made public
statements that wearing cosmetic was not decent, Church officials spread the belief that
cosmetic is used only by heathens and satan worshipers, and for the longest time only stage
actors were allowed to use them, but only during their performances.
Change finally happened after European soldiers returned from the Crusades in the Middle
East, bringing home new exotic products and knowledge. Among those products were many
types of cosmetics, which were in first adopted only by nobility and high-class citizens. After
Renaissance managed to spread across entire Europe, cosmetics found their foothold, but
were still not publicly accepted, except during few fashion swings (such as during the reign
of Queen Elizabeth I (1559-1603) in England).
Early 20th century was without a doubt dawn of the modern cosmetic industry. Rise of film,
photography, fast communications, countless innovators, and support from large industrialists
managed to introduce cosmetic products to every household in the western world. During

2. first few decades of 20th century, cosmetic companies (many who would soon become
international powerhouses) introduced solid lipsticks, lip gloss, mascaras, eyeliners
(propelled to mass popularity by the incredible discoveries beneath Egyptian pyramids),
suntans, hair colors, gels and powders of all types. With such advancements, it was not
strange to see that old Victorian styles were soon forgotten. New international fashion moved
rapidly after 1930s, introducing new styles with each passing decade.
Large departure from traditional styles happened in 1960s and 70s with the introduction of
hippie movement (natural-looking cosmetic), punk (darker and sinister style that aimed to
shock) and glam (extravagant and colorful style). From them, many new styles emerged that
have changed and molded fashion to its current state.
What is makeup?
Make up— for some it is a color for a canvas, painting faces with different looks. Some also
think of it as an arm of fashion. For me, make-up can be described in one word which can be
interpreted in many ways—- CONFIDENCE
*Anti-aging. If used correctly, make up can help someone look younger than her real age,
despite the reminders that it will make skin age faster. Beware of how you wear it, just be
careful when choosing the colors that’ll fit your skin. Remember, one make-up mistake may
add your age a year older or more.
*Cover-up. My favorite role of make-up is that, it hides certain flaws that you don’t wanna be
seen by others. For instance, one of the biggest problems girls have are their under eye area
as well as acne, but thanks to concealer, the problem is easily covered up and hidden!
*Transform. Ever dreamed you have Adriana Lima’s soft bronze mesmerizing azure eyes? Or
maybe Scarlett Johansson’s chiselled cheek bones? With makeup, you can stop dreaming.
Although makeup will not make you look exactly like them you can definitely guarantee a
resemblance and capture the essence of what they makeup helped accomplish. With the right
tools, you can achieve any look you want, subtle & natural or pumped up & sexy.
Those three are just some of the main reasons why I can define make-up as confidence. We
have all been gifted with natural beauty but sometimes wants to enhance our features and just

3. have fun! We get to emphasize our best assets and make use of it. What is make-up for you?
Face Shapes
Though every person's face is unique, it's generally accepted that there are seven basic face
shapes. And though many people may not have thought about the shape of their face, there
are many whose faces have characteristics they don't love.
Whichever category you fit into, there are simple things you can do to enhance your best
features and bring forward your best 'you.' Here, we explain the characteristics of each face
shape, how to determine which general shape you have, and some quick tips to enhance those
features that are your most beautiful.
1. Long Face or Oblong Face
The oblong face shape is one where the length of the face is more than the width. The
jaw is rounded while the width of the cheeks, jaw and forehead are almost the same.
2. Round Face
The round face shapes are also as long as they are wide, but the jaw is more curved.
The largest width of the face is noted along the cheekbones.
3. Oval Face
Oval face shapes look like an egg standing upside down. The top tends to be wider
than the bottom. Beauticians love the oval face shape as it is held to be the most
perfect shape.
4. Square Face
Square shapes are those where the width and the length of the face are almost equal. If
you have a square face, you will have a defined jaw and an almost straight hairline.
5. Heart Face
It is widest at the forehead and it narrows toward the jawline. The jaw is the most
narrow area of the face. Again, it may be angular or more rounded.
6. Diamond Face
The diamond face shape is that where the face is slightly longer than it is wide with
high set cheekbones and a slightly pointed jaw line.

4. Why should you know your face shape?
The advantages of knowing your face shape are as follows:
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In order to highlight your best features while putting on your makeup, it is necessary to
know your face shape. For example, if you have a square shape with defined jaw line,
you need to soften it.
Knowing your face shape will also help you to choose the best hairstyle and jewelry so
that you always look your best.
Often, you will find tips on makeup and hairstyle by face shapes. Unless you know your
face shape, you will not be able to apply these tips properly.
LONG FACE
1.Shade and shorten
Your objective with makeup on an oblong face is to create the appearance of the ideal oval,
making your face appear both shorter and broader. Use a darker pressed powder (or a matte
bronzer) along the hairline at the top of the forehead, blending it downward. Also add the
same bronzer to just the bottom of the chin. This will help the face appear slightly shorter.
2. Contour with bronzer
Next, you want to focus on the cheekbones to make the face appear broader. Apply bronzer,
just under the cheekbones in the hollow, and then blend up and out toward the hairline.
"For an oblong face, contour the sides of the jaw, temples and hairline with bronzer to
minimize the prominent forehead," says New York makeup artist Jessica Lauren. "Highlight
the chin and cheekbones."
3. Highlight your cheeks
To really put the focus on the cheeks, you need to apply blush just to the apples, using a
fluffy brush in a circular motion. Then, apply a light highlighter or illuminating powder to the
very highest points of the cheek to finish widening the appearance of the face.
4. Play up your eyes
By putting the emphasis on your beautiful features, you can take away from an irregular,
oblong face shape. Play up your eyes by experimenting with cat eye makeup, bold eyeshadow
colors and dramatic lashes. "Extending the eyebrows outward toward your temples also will
soften the angular features," says Lauren.

5. ROUND FACE
Brows:
Brows are an important frame for the round face, so be sure to groom them into a subtle arch
for a finishing touch. A slightly rounder brow shape brings a more cheerful look to the face,
though be sure not to overdo it, for risk of entering into permanently surprised territory.
Focus the arch closer to the outer end of the pupil for a dummy-proof way to add just the
right amount of height, says celebrity makeup artist and YouBeauty Makeup Advisor, Fiona
Stiles.
Eyes:
For eyes, try a sweep of sheer color from lid to brow bone, finishing with a pump or two of
an eyelash curler and a couple of coats of lengthening mascara to open up the eyes. Squiggle
the brush in an “S” motion while working through lashes, to achieve the longest length
possible.
You can optionally add a smudge of eyeliner at the lash line for a touch of sexy smoke, or
glide gel eyeliner into a fine line so as to define and enhance—not overwhelm—your curvier
shape, says celebrity makeup artist Molly Stern.
Cheeks:
The angelic look of round faces allows blush to truly take center stage, though applying it in a
certain way will ensure that you don’t inadvertently crowd your features together with too
much makeup. Instead of blushing the apples of your cheeks, look in a mirror to see where
your pupils are, and start your blush at this point for a balance of color that better highlights
the proportions of your face, advises Stiles.
Adding a highlighting blush is another star move for round faces, which you’ll want to do
with a super sheer peachy pink shade, no matter where your skintone may fall on the color
spectrum. After you’ve applied your regular blush, go back and blend the highlighter in a
sweeping motion above the top of your cheekbone. This subtle addition will enhance the
natural swoop of a rounded cheek, adding the slightest bit of edge. “It looks gorgeous!” says
Stern.
Lips:
Finally, opt for a creamy lipstick or soft sheen lip gloss to add a stroke of neutral illumination
to your look. Lighter complexions may enjoy light pinks and chiffon peaches, while deeper
complexions may find luscious nudes and sheer plums more flattering.

6. OVAL FACE
1. Stick with your normal foundation
You don't need to buy a bunch of new products to bring out the best in your face.
"This is considered the perfect shape, so unless your face shape bothers you, stick to your
normal foundation," says New York makeup artist Jessica Lauren. "If you want make your
face appear a little bit shorter and thinner, you can apply foundation [along your jaw] one
shade darker than your natural skin color."
2. Bring out your best features
Use highlighter in the center of your forehead as well as your chin to bring these areas of
your face forward, making them a bit more prominent. You can also add a little highlighter at
your temples, blending it downward underneath your eyes.
If you want your cheekbones to appear a little more prominent, add a darker shade of bronzer
or blush in the hollow under your cheekbones and a lighter shade on the apples of your
cheeks.
3. Keep a naturally arched brow
To emphasize your pretty eyes, stick with the natural arch of your brows — nothing too
dramatic or too flat. Don't overpluck them and follow these tips for the best eyebrow shapes
for your face shape.
4. Emphasize your lips or eyes, but not both
When you are going out for the evening, play up the makeup on your lips or your eyes — but
not both. For example, with a smoky eye look, keep your lip color neutral. With a glossy red
lip, stick with brown eyeshadow, one coat of mascara and a natural liner.

7. SQUARE FACE
1. Shade and soften the corners
For a square face, you need to contour the corners of your face. Use a shading product —
such as bronzer or darker foundation — on the sides of your jaw (blending upward) as well as
on sides of your forehead (blending downward toward the temples).
2. Highlight and blend
Apply highlighter (or concealer) that is a shade lighter than your skin tone in the middle of
your forehead and blend well. Next, apply it right under the tip of chin, blending toward your
ears and slightly upward toward your mouth to soften the line.
"To bring out the center and draw attention away from a chiseled jaw, use a highlighter on
the center of the forehead, chin and cheekbones." says New York makeup artist Jessica
Lauren. "Keeping brows rounded is best for this shape face."
3. Add definition to your cheekbones
To draw attention to your cheekbones, use a tawny blush in the hollow of your cheeks, but
don't bring the blush too high. Then, brush a second, softer shade of blush over the apples of
your cheeks and the cheekbones. Be sure to blend, blend, blend so that you don't see a sharp
line.
4. Create a plump, dramatic lip
Draw attention to your lips (and away from your jaw) with dramatic lip color and a plump
pout. Follow these tips to get the sexiest, plumpest lips

8. HEART FACE
1. Shade and soften
For shading, use a stick foundation a shade or two darker than your natural skin tone. Apply
it under your cheekbones and blend it from your ear downward at an angle. Also apply the
product at your temples, along the sides of your nose and under its tip — again blending
downward.
"Like oval faces, the heart-shaped face has high cheekbones, which I think is a beautiful
feature to have," says New York makeup artist Jessica Lauren. "The only thing I would say is
too avoid too much blush, because that area of the face is already pronounced."
2. Round out your chin
For highlighting, use foundation that is a shade or two lighter than your normal foundation.
Apply the product in the center of your forehead and above your cheekbones. Next, you can
add depth and width to the chin area with contouring makeup. Apply the highlighter (or light
concealer) lengthwise on the chin and along your jawline and blend with a sponge. This will
broaden the appearance of your chin and make it appear a little rounder.
3. Go for a natural brow
With a heart-shaped face, eyebrows should be thick with a natural arch that is relatively
straight. This will help the forehead to appear a little bit thinner and balance out the face
shape.
The diamond-shaped face is wide at the cheekbones and more narrow at the jawline and
forehead. For a true, balanced diamond, you don't need many makeup tricks: Your face shape
is fabulous as it is. If the diamond shape is too dramatic, though — with a pointy chin and/or
very narrow forehead — you can do some contouring to balance out your face shape.

9. Diamond face
1. Use two shades of foundation
By using both light and dark shades of foundation, you can highlight and contour your
diamond-shaped face to create a more balanced look.
"With a diamond-shaped face, you may want to reduce the width around the cheekbone line,"
explains New York makeup artist Jessica Lauren. "To do so, two foundations should be used:
one light and one darker. Apply darker, warmer foundation to areas you want to minimize
(outside of the cheekbones). Apply the lighter foundation to the area you want to emphasize
(chin and forehead)."
2. Soften your chin
Start by applying a dark shade of foundation (no more than two shades darker than your
typical foundation) to just the tip of your chin to reduce its pointy appearance and create the
illusion of a wider jaw. Then, apply a small amount of the dark foundation near the templates,
blending toward your hairline. Finally, use a highlighting product (or lighter foundation)
along your jawline. Be sure to blend thoroughly: You shouldn't be able to tell where one
foundation color ends and the other begins.
3. Pick the right blush
Do not apply your blush in the hollows underneath your cheekbones, but on the apples of
your cheeks instead. Use a tawny peach/brown blush rather than a light or bright pink shade.
Avoid blushes that are shiny or illuminating. You don't want to make your cheeks look any
fuller.
4. Set apart the brows
To widen the appearance of your forehead, your brows should be groomed slightly apart from
center. Also, follow your natural brow line — do not create a dramatic arch. This will help
your eyes (and your forehead) appear a little wider.
5. Stick to your natural lip line
When applying your lip liner, follow the natural line of your lips. You don't want your lips to
appear too wide, as this may make your chin look even thinner. Use a matte lipstick in a
neutral tone rather than a bright or glossy lip color.
Source :
http://www.shopdeelish.com/make-up/
http://www.prokerala.com/health/beauty/face-shapes.php
http://www.youbeauty.com/face/makeup-for-your-face-shape