LAND-USE/ LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION USING GIS AND REMOTE SENSING- PUNE CITY

1. Interpretation accuracy &data extraction affect due to low resolution data, and lack of local knowledge are some
limitations, as this was a project work taken up under a course, hence no field survey could be taken up. The master plan/
SOI toposheets are used for validation check. Another limitations is that no statistical comparative analysis could be
done due to time constraint. The visual interpretation techniques are used to identify the change in landuse and the
spatial pattern of growth. The work done here are on the older versions as these were available at that time and can be
improved upon with the latest techniques of GIS and Remote Sensing now available with the advance versions of the
respective softwares. But the work done at that specified time, which is in the year 2003, was commendable at that
time.
LAND-USE/ LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATION USING GIS AND REMOTE SENSING- PUNE CITY
Neha Bansal1,
1Department of Architecture and Planning, IIT Roorkee,
Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
Authors are thankful to IIRS for providing reference data to work during the short term course on “GIS and
Remote Sensing in Urban & Regional Planning” conducted during May- June 2003, and Ministry of Human
Resource and Development (MHRD), Government of India for their financial support.
As a further application of this research, the actual change in landuse / land cover is analyzed with temporal
series of data, when compared with projected landuse classification in the master plans prepared by the
development authority would help the urban planners to know the spatial growth pattern of the area and
prove to be an important input in understanding the urban growth pattern variables. This would be
important in decision making in urban and regional planning.
INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY
CONCLUSIONS
INFERENCES
Land use and land cover is an important component of urban and regional
planning. It is an important derivative in all the other applications of planning.
Land use land cover change detection over a period of time series data would
enable to understand the interactions of the human activities with the environment
and would help the planners and decision makers in growth and development
process.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS:
STUDY AREA- PUNE CITY
Year Populatio
n
Decadal
variation
%age of decadal
growth
1891 1,18,790 -- --
1901 1,11,341 -7,359 -6.91
1911 1,17,456 +6,115 +5.49
1921 1,33,227 +15,771 +13.42
1931 1,62,001 +28,774 +21.60
1941 2,37,546 +75,545 +46.63
1951 4,80,942 +2,43,396 +102.56
1961 5,95,562 +1,16,620 +24.24
1971 8,56,105 +2,58,543 +43.20
1981 12,03,351 +3,47,246 +40.56
1991 15,64,000 +3,60,649 +29.97
The Data used is IRS 1C, LIIS-III 1987, 1991, April 1998, Topographic
sheets of Survey of India (SOI) at the scale of 1:50,000, City Guide map at
the scale of1:20,000 for result validation and check. The Software used is
Arc view version 3.2a, Erdas Imagine 8.1.
DATA REQUIRMENT
IMAGE PROCESSING
RASTER TO VECTOR
CONVERSION
COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS FROM TIME SERIES THEMATIC MAPS
River.shp
agricultural lan
barrage
commercial
contonment
dense settlement
dried water body
gaonthon
hilly area
industry
institute
org-open space
others
public space
railway lines
recreation
river stream
settlement
sparce settlemen
vacant land
vegetation
village settleme
Waterbodies.shp
10 0 10 Kilometers
N
E
W
S
Landuse/ Land cover
of Pune City
Clip1.shp
agri/vege
builtup
commercial
hilly area
industry
others
public space
recreation/open
river stream
vacant land
Roads-1.shp
major road
minor roads
rly track
Waterbodies.shp
Rivers.shp
Commercial.shp
3 0 3 Kilometer
N
E
W
S
New Settlement
New Public spaces
Settlement growth
direction
New Settlement
Figure . Landuse / land cover Classification in 1991
Back-ground.shp
City.shp
Roads-1.shp
major road
minor roads
rly track
Waterbodies.shp
Rivers.shp
Surround_settlement.shp
3 0 3 Kilome
N
E
W
S
New Settlement
New Settlement
New Settlement
Settlement
growth direction
Settlement growth
direction
Figure 9. Landuse / land cover Change Detection and Growth Direction
River.shp
agricultural lan
barrage
commercial
contonment
dense settlement
dried water body
gaonthon
hilly area
industry
institute
org-open space
others
public space
railway lines
recreation
river stream
settlement
sparce settlemen
vacant land
vegetation
village settleme
City.shp
Waterbodies.shp
Rivers.shp
Roads-1.shp
major road
minor roads
rly track
5 0 5 10 Kilometers
N
E
W
S
Pune City Extent & Its
Surrounding Landuses
New Settlements
New Settlement
Settlement growth
direction
Figure 8. Landuse / land cover Classification in 1998
Figure 5. Different land uses and land cover as identified are indicated in series of
images here
Figure 3. Satellite Image of Pune city and surrounding area Figure 4. Vectorisation process is indicated here
VISUAL INTERPRETATION
Figure 2. Image enhancement done in Erdas Imagine
ANALYSIS
The surrounding urban settlements shows that the growth pattern is along the North West & west direction of
the city due to reasons like the southern south of the city is occupied by hilly area, the west is majorly under
the agricultural land use, the southwest area has a major water body, as a result it has developed agricultural
fields around, & thus the settlements have also come up in this area.
LIMITATIONS
A spectral analysis of imagery -The spectral colour
varies in old and new settlement, due to the type of
building materials and also due to their ageing; brighter
the settlement areas, they are newer. The depth of water
in river channel and drainage varies, darker the color of
water channel, the deeper it would be. Since the imagery
is of the month of april, most of the crops are matured
and represent bright red color which indicate the
maturity of the crops in agricultural field. Whereas
the pinkish shade represent the younger crops on field.
Planned road network are easily identifiable
represented by bright shade, due to greater reflectance of
the road material compared to kuchta roads on the
periphery of the settlements.
The aim of this paper is to use GIS and Remote Sensing application in Landuse
/land cover Classification based on satellite imagery interpretation. It also aims to
analyze the urban pattern &trends of expansion in Pune city, by studying the
temporal data.
AIMS & OBJECTIVES
LOCATION: Pune city located in Maharashtra State
of India.
PHYSIOGRAPHIC : located 560 m (1,840 ft) above
sea level on the western margin of the Deccan plateau.
It is situated on the leeward side of
the Sahyadri mountain range.
Pune has experienced some moderate-intensity
earthquakes and has been rated in Zone 4, by Indian
Metrological Department.
CLIMATE: Pune has a tropical wet and dry
climate with average temperatures ranging between 20
to 28 °C (68 to 82 °F). Pune experiences three distinct
seasons: summer, monsoon and a mild autumn.
RAINFALL: Most of the 722 mm (28.4 inches) of
Annual rainfall in the city fall between June and
September, and July is the wettest month of the year.
public
2.76
industrial
1.68
office
0.29
commercial
1.62
residential
36.27
others
0.74
hilly area
5.24
defence
5.21
agriculture
17.74
utilities
1.08
transport
11.61
open-spaces
12.76
residential
commercial
office
industrial
public
utilities
transport
open-spaces
defence
agriculture
hilly area
others
POPULATION
GROWTH TREND
LANDUSE DISTRIBUTION-
1991 MASTERPLAN
Landuse distribution shows that major landuse is
residential 36.27 % followed by agricultural land
17.74 % and open spaces 12.76 %.
It is observed that maximum growth is observed
between 1941-51 of 102.56 % followed by 43.2 %
growth in 1961-71 decade mainly due to
industrialization after independence, population
settled mainly along the rivers and industries.
Figure . Landuse / land cover Classification in 1989