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Identity Theory And Social Identity
Identity theory traces its root in the writing of G.H Mead, the American philosopher, sociologist and
psychologist who says that the image or the feeling that a person creates for him or herself in a
particular society is the result of other's vision, which is created daily and is subjected to change.
Richard Jinkens, the sociologist describes that social identity means who we are and who the others
are and on the other hand what the other thinks about themselves and others. Further, Mead
elaborates that a person in a particular society has two identities and which are self–identity and
social identity. The self–identity is the cognition that a person has about him or herself and the social
identity is the reflection of the accepted values that a person has in the society. Social Identity theory
is enabling a person to answer his question of what I am and who I am based on his group
membership. This is basically a line between oneself and the alien. In this assignment I will discuss
the brief biography of the developers of the social identity theory, the definition of the theory,
aspects of the theory, a case study, the critics and future application. Henry Tajfel and John Turner
developed Social Identity Theory in 1979. Henry Tajfel born on 22 June 1919 in Poland. He was one
of the most famous and influential psychologists of the 20th century. He studied chemistry in
France. He later joined the France army and was made a prisoner of war. After cessation he became
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Personal Narrative: Social Identity
Social Identity. It is what makes us whole and what makes up ourselves in our mind and how we are
perceived in public. It is "Through the process of self– categorization or identification, an identity is
formed, (stets and burke, 224). Social identity is "a person's knowledge that he or she belongs to a
social category or group"(stets and burke, 224). Self– categorization is "the self is reflexive in that it
can take itself as an object and can categorize, classify or name itself in particular ways in relation to
other social categories or classifications" (stets and burke, 224). No person is only made up of one
social identity. It can vary from person to person what is your social identities but there is generally
a lot that you are actually ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I am a white, middle–class and female which is generally the ideal image but I am bisexual which
can knock me down an extra level. I am a smart individual but I have to deal with the fact that I am
a female and options aren't always open to me. I am a female athlete so I am "fit for a girl, "fast for a
girl" or "strong for a girl" but never just strong or fast or agile. The only compliment that can come
in that is that because of the fact that I am really flexible it is an actual compliment. Concerning my
bisexuality and the fact that I am female I do tend to be more accepted than I would have if I were
male. Since society is highly male dominated it is more accepting to be a bisexual female than it is
to be a bisexual male. This is usually with the idea in mind that the bisexual female would sleep
with both him the male and another female at the same time. However, for some people it just gives
them reassurance that I could end up with a male. My main conflicts are that I am a white female. I
may get the privileges of a white person but since I am female I also have a bunch be taken away. I
may be able to see my race exemplified in media more often but most female roles are small and
usually have to do with males(such as crushes, what they should do about their boyfriend etc.) and
the ones that do have major roles generally have something "wrong" with the female that makes
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Social Identity And Career Choice Essay
TO WHAT EXTENT DOES SOCIAL IDENTITY DETERMINE JOB CHOICE
The literature review focuses on the collection of secondary data on the research topic, which is the
extent to which social identity determines job choice. The literature review is conducted under three
major themes, which act as the pivotal basis for constructing theoretical meaning to the larger
research problem.
The Social Identity Theory
Studies on social identity have been dated back to centuries. According to Heckman (2006) the
reason social identity studies remain very important to academicians and professionals is for the fact
that all people are social being and that at every point in time, it is important to find the impact of
the social system on an individual. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In most of these literatures, factor analysis has been used with emphasis on non–pecuniary identity
payoffs (Wolfe and Haveman, 2003). The bowl of contention has however often been factors that
most align with social identity, where two major factors namely career orientation and social
orientation has been debated. Stets and Burke (2000) noted that career orientation factors are those
social identity variables that makes a person becomes concerned about career outcomes that match
well with their social beliefs, principles and expectations. For such people whose emphasis is on
career orientation, they would want the career choices they are making to give them the fullest
assurance of protecting their social identities and satisfying their social ambitions (Hoff and
Priyanka, 2006). There is another school of thought who have emphasised on social orientation in
the search for a model for career choice and identity. From the perspective of these reviewers, social
identity is stronger than career expectations and so at any point while entering a career, a person
would look at his personal ability for his social status to fit into the career that is being pursued,
rather than want the career to fit social ability (Wolfe and Haveman, 2003). But quite interestingly,
both sides of the argument approached from career orientation and social orientation end up with
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Importance Of Social Identity
Social Identity
Individuals tend to think that explaining your identity is a simple answer, but in fact, it is a difficult
question to answer. One way that that one defines their identity is by a person's experiences or the
interactions that they have with the people that they interact with. Another way that a person's social
identity can be described as, is the feelings, perceptions, and thinking that a person has, due to the
person's group memberships. While these definitions are similar and connected to one's social
identity, this writer resonates most with how a person's feelings, perceptions, and thinking come
from their group memberships. In addition, social identity is important because it enables one to
develop and help individual's gain a sense of their self–identity and self–expression. Some popular
examples that a person might consider to be part of their social identity are: ethnicity, gender,
religion, and sexual orientation.
Speaking of social identities, it is important for one to be able to self–identify their social identities
that are important to themselves and what society thinks of them. For instance, a social identity that
is most important to this writer is her spirituality. As a young child, this student never was around a
church, mosque, or synagogue, but during her early adolescent years someone very closed to her
introduced her to believing is a higher power. This special person is my grandfather and he has also
taught this writer how to pray
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Social Identity Theory
Social identity theory, it is a person's sense that is based around the group they are in, either by their
personal identity or with different kinds of social identities. That is, people will try to improve their
own image of themselves. The theory was proposed by Henri Tajfel. People can increase their self–
esteem by both their own achievement and interaction with a successful group of people. This shows
the importance of social belonging. This theory is based around three mental processes, social
categorization, social identification and social comparison. People who are in a group or belong to
and even assigned to the group, they would naturally think of the member within that group as the
in–groups while others outside the group would be the out–groups. This can be explained by social
categorization. People would normally categorize other people into different categories, including
themselves. And bond between the in–groups would form. This however, would develop a
discrimination between the in–group and out–group where people would favor the in–group more.
Social categorization can be seen in the study done by Cialdini et .al (1976). The main purpose of
the study is to find out whether people would favor their own "in–group" members more than the
other people, the "out–groups". Researcher uses two methods. First, researchers find fans from 7
different large United State prestigious football universities in a field experiment. Researchers then
observed the student's
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Identity Theory Of Social Class
Statement of the Problem Identity is a powerful force that shapes the way individuals interact with
the world (Burke & Reitzes, 1981). As a result, scholars have devoted much time toward
understanding how identities such as gender, race, and sexual orientation influence the human
condition (Farr, Forssell, Patterson, 2010; Kerr & Multon, 2015; Smith, Bowman, & Hsu, 2007).
However, among this growing body of literature, the study of social class as an identity is relatively
scarce (Ostrove & Cole, 2003). Rather than examining social class as an identity, many scholars
have instead chosen to treat it as a demographic variable (Aries, 2008; Aries & Berman, 2013;
Lubrano, 2004; Mantsios, 2007; Park & Denson, 2013). Perhaps this has occurred because social
class is such an elusive concept to describe (Lareau, 2008; Ostrove & Cole, 2003). Although
scholars generally agree that there are distinct differences among the speech patterns, mannerisms,
and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Identity theory is a theoretical framework that posits that individuals have many different identities
that intersect, such as social class, race, and gender (Burke & Tully, 1977; Michalski & Helmig,
2008; Stryker, 1968; Stryker, 1987; Stryker, 2008). However, identity theory also acknowledges that
these varying identities tend to exist hierarchically (Stryker & Burke, 2000). Therefore, identities
that are more central to a person's sense of self are more salient. That is, salient identities tend to be
higher on a person's salience hierarchy than other identities. For example, a person may identify as a
heterosexual woman, an African American, a Protestant, and a mother. However, if after considering
all of these identities, she were to indicate that her identity of being a mother was the most important
to her sense of self, and then researchers could infer that her mother identity would be set highest on
her salience
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Social Norms Of Social Identity
Social identities have a lot of significance on people's lives today. People have adopted these norms
of behaviors, the values and beliefs which come along with social identities. Various groups within
the society have different expectations and standards of behavior which are now seen as a
completely natural thing rather than just beliefs. There are different norms of social identities which
include the race/ethnicity, religion, class, gender and sexuality. This paper will focus more on the
class and gender social identities.
In my culture, the main two social identities which are considered the most are gender and class.
They highly contribute on how different categories of people are perceived in the society and this
determines the how people relate in the society. Looking at gender, people believe that the difference
in gender is connected to different responsibilities. The way ladies are treated is different from the
way men are treated in the society. This is according to what people strongly believe about gender
difference and as a result, different people are valued differently in different situations. Not only
that, there are also different expectations from each gender. Looking at the responsibilities aspect,
there are jobs which are considered to be suitable for men while others are seen to be suitable for
women. This is not because the women cannot do the jobs which are perceived to be suitable for
men, bit it is simply because these jobs are perceived to be manly. For instance, most of engineering
jobs are said to be manly. Engineering is mostly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also in the case of gender social identity, men tend to be highly paid than women. The society
believes that men have many responsibilities as compared to women and that's why they are paid
more as compared to women. This situation happens even in cases where men are doing the same
job as
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Social Construction Of Identity Essay
Identity is an expression of our self–evaluation. It encompasses factors such as nationality, ethnicity,
race, gender, religion, region and language. It is shaped throughout life by experiences and the
environment which one lives in. Globally, the social construction of identity varies. The factors
chosen as more prominent in one region of the world, may differ from other places that has
experienced political tensions, has been influenced by religion or has larger migrant populations.
Some researchers fear about one–dimensional identity. There is danger in only considering a
specific factor as the sole basis for identity because it can lead to extremism and failure to endure
diversity. However, there are factors that are more prominent than ... Show more content on
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They explain how different factors are used for the social construction of identity. They also warn
about the implications of single factored sense of self. each one provides specific insight of one
factor and a specific setting. This research will expand qualitatively on these subjects. It will
continue to explore the factors of identity from different regions of the world and the priority of the
factors (Race, religion, language and nationality) to conclude which is more prevalent than the
others in that geographical setting. The findings will hopefully parallel the stated studies above,
concluding that the formation of identity if fostered by the environment in which people live and the
experiences they have. the research expectations for this study in include a variety of answers. There
is hope that one factor of identity is the out–lier of all the rest. This factor hopefully weighs more on
individual social construction of identity than the rest of the factors study. However, there is also
hope for consensus among geographical areas. This will prove that the social construction of identity
is influenced by political conflicts, migrant populations or the spread of religion. In addition these
geographical areas have such explanations for the consensus view of identity. Each region should
have an explanation for the majority of identities constructed by their populations to be similar and
the factors used to be weighted similarly (Bakhshi, 2015; Neblett,, 2009; St Louis, 2009; Zuhairi,
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Identity Is A Bynamic Process Of Identity And Social Identity
An individual's identity is a continual and dynamic process of narration in which both the individual
and social partners are involved in "formulating, editing, applauding, and refusing various elements
of the ever–produced narrative" (Humphreys & Brown, 2002). It is internalized and revised from a
person's "selective appropriation of past, present, and future" through introspection and interaction
with social partners to create and maintain a coherent personal story (Miscenko & Day, 2015). There
are multiple levels of identity that an individual may hold, and these levels interact and contribute to
the way a person defines themselves. A social identity forms when "an individual ties his or her
self–concept to a collective or role" (Ashforth, Harrison, & Corley, 2008). A social identity is one
that is shared by members and distinguished by groups, and members define themselves and enable
others to define them based on the groups to which they belong (Miscenko & Day, 2015). A person's
social identity relates to their sense of self–worth, as "people attach positive value to their identities"
(Miscenko & Day, 2015). An individual uses their social identity to affirm their self–concept
through their social peers, seeking confirmation by "expressing identity relevant behavior central to
role definition" (Miscenko & Day, 2015). Social identities are also used for self–enhancement by
confirming both "positive and negative aspects of identity" and "striving to promote only
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Cultural And Social Lens Identity
Through a cultural and social lens identity has to do with a person's appearance, beliefs, and
language. People with cultural differences have different identities. Appearance–wise, they tend to
have a different skin color, a different dress code, different facial features, different hair, etc. These
characteristics can easily help others categorize what cultural group they are in. People with
different cultural backgrounds sometimes dress a certain way so you can easily see their identity
through their clothes. The beliefs of a certain culture is also a part of their identity being that it is
something they believe within themselves. Many cultures have different religious systems such as
Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. They either chose
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Comparing Goffman's Stigma And Social Identity
"Stigma and Social Identity," is one of the chapters from a book called "Stigma: Notes on the
Management of Spoiled Identity" written by Erving Goffman that discuss in depth about stigma.
Firstly, in this chapter, Goffman discuss about the origins of the word 'stigma' from the Greeks and
Christian perspective that tend to define stigma as bodily evidence of unusualness. Nowadays, the
word stigma is use to label disgrace rather than the bodily evidence of it. There are three types of
stigmas; physical defects, blemishes of individual character and tribal stigmata of race, color and
religion. All of these stigmas can deteriorate the claims of 'normality'.
Besides, in this chapter, Goffman discuss on how people in a society tend to unconsciously ... Show
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He saw stigma as a procedure based on social construction of identity. Besides, he also analyzed the
effects of stigma on people and even individuals. In this article it shows on how people who have
been stigmatized internalized the stigma that they had and how it can affects their behavior. Stigma
can cause many negative consequences that can lead people to engage in maladaptive behaviors that
can also lead to mental illnesses. It is really important for us to realize that every human is just
human being and it is really important to accept people the way they
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The Importance Of Social Identity
"Some...memberships are more salient than others; and some may vary in salience in time and as a
function of a variety of social situations" (Tajfel, 2–3) Salience of identity, in the way that we need
to understand it in the case of perception and decision making, can be operationalized as the
likelihood that a particular identity will be invoked within a certain situation that the individual is
being faced with (Hogg, Terry, & White, 257). As mentioned previously, everyone holds various
identities but salience is the process through which we subconsciously decide which we be used to
base our decision making or preferences on. "The salience of a particular social identity for an
individual may vary from situation to situation and indeed from ... Show more content on
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In the courtroom, she is primed for her identity as a lawyer and at home she is primed for her
identity as a mother. Certain locations or experiences will prime us to be salient for one identity vs
another which "demonstrates [the] sharp changes in social norms according to the situational
salience of people's different group memberships" (Tajfel, 19). Through identity salience, we come
to understand another step in the effect that identity has upon preferences and decision making.
"There are several studies which make the point indirectly by manipulating the cognitive salience of
group membership as their independent variable" (Tajfel, 19). By directly priming an identity, can
we alter one's preferences compared to their instinctual preferences without said priming?
When considering salience of identity and its effect on individual preferences, we could conclude
that this phenomenon may be classified as a variation of transitivity. Transitivity is described as "the
cornerstone of normative and descriptive decision theories" because it "underlies measurement
models of sensation and value" and is a "necessary condition for the existence of a utility scale"
(Tversky, 31). If we were to create a utility scale for each identity that an individual holds each scale
would reflect the preferences of the primed identity, placing the same items at different places upon
the scale. "Observed inconsistencies
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Social Psychology, The Social Identity
Within social psychology, the social identity tradition (Tajfel, Billig, Bundy, & Flament, 1971)
argues that individuals possess more than their characteristic personal identities, which are activated
during interpersonal contact with others; in addition, people can engage in intergroup behavior as
informed by their social identities (Gudykunst & Bond, 1980). Such social identities comprise
memberships in any psychologically relevant grouping with which an individual identifies,
including kin, peers, profession, nation, and cultural identity (Galang, Quiñones, Adriano, Portillo,
& Carvajal, 2015). The ingroup identification afforded by social identities then allows individuals to
distinguish between people belonging to and excluded from the ingroup (Brewer & Yuki, 2007), and
to bolster one's self–concept through affiliation with high–status groups and individuals (Gudykunst
& Bond, 1980). In addition, these social identities are created and manifested in different ways
across cultures as a function of the values endorsed by society, the ways in which society's members
construe themselves, and the manners in which their interpersonal relationships are structured
(Feitosa, Salas, & Salazar, 2012).
Moreover, social identity theory (SIT) has been invoked as an explanation for a social psychological
phenomenon introduced in Robert Cialdini and his colleagues' (1976) research: basking in reflected
glory (BIRG). As reflected in the opening quote, individuals are able to emphasize
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Social Identity
The term "social identity" is very complex. It stems off of the term "personal identity". I believe that
the most clear–cut way to explain social identity is that it's the x in the phrase "I am an x". The
stipulation to that phrase is that the x cannot change during the time in which you are changing,
meaning it must stay the same over time. When given the task to decide which social identity I feel
most attached to, I was torn. There are thousands of different identities in the pool for me to pick
from, including white, brother, Christian, Catholic, middle–class, young–adult and male, but there
was one in which I had the strongest feelings for when contemplating. I am a grandson. There are
many ways in which the social identification of grandson helps me. The most important one is that it
lets me have a special relationship with someone that I have known since birth. It also gives me
someone who I can confide in and know that they will always be there for me know matter what.
When I was growing up, there was no one I would rather spend time with than my grandfather. I
would spend weeks at a time at his house in the summer never wanting to leave. He gave me my
love of baseball, hockey, singing and so much more. He is one of the reasons why I transferred to
The Ohio State ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I felt like I had to lead the way for my brother since my mother and father never attended college.
That stress, added to the workload of a pre–medical student, caused a lot of anxiety. The first person
I called was my grandfather when I felt stressed. He helped me calm down and realize I could only
do my best and to let the other things fall into place. He also helped me when I decided to switch
majors and universities. If it was not for him, I probably would still be miserable in the pre–medical
program at the University of
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Social Identity As A Motivating Factor
Motivator or motivating factor?
Change social identity to social identification in headings, titles, and title before the start of the
paper
Social Identity as a Motivator for Increased Political Polarization
30014812
PSYC 5002, Spring 2017
University of Louisiana at Monroe
April 28, 2017
Social Identity as a Motivator for Increased Political Polarization
30014812
Crystal Curry
PSYC 5002, Spring 2017
University of Louisiana at Monroe
April 28, 2017
Abstract
Polarization of the two major American polities parties in the past few decades has high–lighted a
shift in political attitudes that is mediated by increased social identification. While the role of
genetics is a constant, agents of socialization influence ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although party identification is often thought to be a function of affective attachment to a party, it is
also a function of social identification with the party. Moreover, it is likely that affective attachment
to a party acts as a source or a byproduct for social identification, or some combination of the two.
Shared social identity provides pre–dictability with a low cost for information cues (Greene, 1999).
As suggested by Greene, intergroup relationships take precedence over intellectual concerns in the
formation of politi–cal attitudes and party affiliation. Thus, political identities are more likely to
produce parti–san polarization, rather than specific ideologies or policies.
Social identity theory allows us to examine the motivational and cognitive basis for the consistent
bipolar perceptual and attitudinal patterns in politics (Greene, 2000). In sup–port of social identity
theory, Greene found that people tended to think and feel more favor–ably about the party they
identified with and more negatively about the opposing party. Hence, social identification with a
party significantly predicts cognitive and affective atti–tudes toward political parties. Furthermore,
social identity significantly predicts party sup–port and involvement over
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Social Identity
Social Identity
From "Encyclopedia of Women and Gender: Sex Similarities and
Differences and the Impact of Society on Gender"
I. Conceptions and Definitions
II. Types of Social Identity
III. Multiplicity and Intersectionality
IV. Aspects of Social Identity
V. Assessing Social Identity
VI. Development and Change
VII. Negotiating Social Identities
Glossary
Intersectionality
The condition in which a person simultaneously belongs to two or more social categories or social
statuses and the unique consequences that result from that combination.
Minimal group paradigm
An experimental procedure for creating social identity conditions in which participants are
arbitrarily assigned to one group or another. Social representations ... Show more content on
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Other social identities can be defined more generally, tied not to any individual but to a generic
group. Thus to identify as a doctor, for example, implies a shared definition with countless others,
many of whom you may not know anything in particular about. Another defining characteristic of
occupational identities is that they are chosen by the person (what is sometimes called an achieved
status). In contrast, social identities such as ethnicity or gender are ascribed categories, given to one
at birth. Social identities also differ in the status or value that is attached to them. In Table I, for
example, the stigmatized identities stand apart from the other types of social identity, all of which
are typically regarded more positively.
In the original study that defined the categories presented in Table I, gender was clustered together
with other relationship identities in the final statistical solution. Certainly it is true that many
relationships are gendered in their definition and implications (as are many occupations as well).
However, because of the importance and centrality of gender in our lives, it is often considered as a
category in itself. Similarly, sexual orientation can be classified as one form of a relationship
identity, but it often has greater prominence than other
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Comparing The Lenses Of Personal And Social Identity
How is it for you to see yourself through both a personal and social identity perspective? How did
your Cultural Chest increase your understanding? In comparing the lenses of personal and social
identities, it is interesting to note the role that other people play in influencing social conceptions as
compared to those which are inwardly shaped. In relation to Tatum's reference to Charles Cooley,
considering my social identity made it clear that "people are in the mirror in which [I see myself]"
(Tatum, 2003, p. 9). However, I also found that these "people" were not as welcome when it came to
my personal perspective. When I constructed my Cultural Chest, the outside of my box was
predominantly limited to observations rooted in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How did it feel to listen to those in class? How do you feel about your sense of comfort and trust in
the group? Listening to others in class was both connecting and extremely comforting because of the
sense of familial transparency that ensued. Each presentation came off as authentic, and it was clear
that there were many details and experiences shared that normally would have been glossed over– or
simply omitted– in other class settings. In experiencing this, my sense of comfort and trust in the
group increased tenfold. Despite the fact that the majority of us do not yet know many details about
each other, we haven't been interacting like this is the case. With this group, I feel increasingly
comfortable and as though I can trust that my experiences will be respectfully processed and remain
private when our dialogue ends. When was the first time you experienced this thing called race?
What happened? Describe the circumstances and the reactions of other people around you. Ex.
Parents, friends, siblings. What were your feelings? When I was six years old, a highly unfortunate
case of lice prompted my mother and her boyfriend to drive me to Supercuts, hand the hairdresser a
hastily cut coupon, and instruct her to chop all of my waist–length, curly hair off. While this was–
and continues
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Social Identity Theory Paper
groups therefore prefer acquiescence to disagreement and compromise to conflict" (Forsyth, pg. 83).
For example, we obliged to do what my captain asks and expect us to follow his orders, we cannot
really complain or disagree since we are supposed to work together as a team. My group
exemplified the social identity theory by working together and giving feedback to each other. In the
textbook, the author wrote about the social identity theory, "A theoretical analysis of group
processes and intergroup relations that assumes groups influence their members' self–concepts and
self–esteem, particularly when individuals categorize themselves as group members and identify
with the group" (Forsyth, pg. 88). My team works together and we tend to give each other feedback.
So that way we can improve and during the game, we often praise each other for doing a good job
with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3. Cohesion, Development and Structure. The group that I am involved in with is very cohesive. My
team is working hard toward a common goal, which is to try our best to win against other teams and
enjoy a volleyball game together. So, I consider that my volleyball team is very cohesive. My team
is a task cohesive, because we are committed to work together and to pursue our team's goal. Just
like what it defined for task cohesion, "Commitment to working together as a coordinated unit in the
pursuit of group goals" (Forsyth, pg. 144). As time passed, we have gotten a lot closer and more
cohesive. We did pass most of the stages as I am typing up this essay. We have passed the stage of
forming. According to the textbook, the author stated, "After the initial inhibitions subside, group
members typically begin exchanging information about themselves and their goals. To better
understand and relate to the group, individual members gather information about their leaders' and
members; personality characteristics,
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Social Identity In Lord Of The Flies
Individuals have the basic need to belong and feel connected with the social world, which stimulates
friendship and peer group formation (Ellis & Zarbatany, 2007). Social identity theory suggests that
our self–identification is shaped by social context and based on our identification with the group,
rather than individual traits (Hornsey, 2008). Moreover, self–categorization theory allows us to
construct group identification, give us social information to categorize in–group and out–group
members, and ensure group processing (Hornsey, 2008). As children approach to adolescent, the
relationship with peer group becomes the primary form of socialization; therefore, the interaction
with peers emphasizes the role of social support, friendship, social ... Show more content on
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Moreover, peer socialization contributes to central group status, values group identification, and
emphasizes on group acceptance (Ellis & Zarbatany, 2007). Therefore, children are able to self–
select their own social group and construct their social identity through exploring all possible group
at very young age of life (Harris, 1995). On the other hand, children with different ages hold
different values when defining their own social groups (Ellis & Zarbatany, 2007). Specifically,
young children define groups on the basis of common actives and social behavior, whereas older
adolescents emphasize on the role of social comparison, motivates to increase one's self–esteem, and
maintain a positive self–evaluation through group processing (Harris, 1995). Evidently, the boys
select their own social groups that fit them the most based on observable characteristics, interests,
and traits (Golding, 1962). As the result, they tend to hold different values and form different social
groups based on their need for group distinction (Golding,
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Example Of Social Identity Theory
Few people are going to openly admit to being prejudice against people of other races, gender, and
religions. However that doesn't stop many of us from having unintentional racist thoughts. In 1979,
Henri Tajfel, a social psychologist, proposed that "the groups which people belonged to are an
important source of pride and self–esteem. Groups give us a sense of social identity: a sense of
belonging to the social world." This ideal of categorizing and subconsciously labeling ourselves is
better known as "Social Identity Theory". Tajfel continues by saying "In order to increase our self–
image we enhance the status of the group to which we belong. For example, England is the best
country in the world! We can also increase our self–image by discriminating and holding prejudice
views against the out group (the group we don't belong to). For example, the Americans, French etc.
are a bunch of losers! Therefore, we divided the world into "them" and "us" based through a process
of social categorization (i.e. we put people into social groups). This is known as in–group (us) and
out–group (them). Social identity theory states that the in–group will discriminate against the out–
group to enhance their self–image." We all unintentionally discriminate against others that are in the
"out–group", and by doing this we are excluding ourselves from certain religions, cultures, races,
and even genders. This ideal of labeling ourselves can be traced back to childhood and factors such
as where we
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Argumentative Essay On Self And Social Identity
Self–Identity & Social Identification "Most people are other people. Their thoughts are someone
else's opinions, their lives a mimicry, their passions a quotation."
― Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (1854–1900) Irish wit, poet, and dramatist Each mind is a
world. Who am I? What am I doing? Where am I going? These are questions that should arise when
speaking of identity, a sense of belonging, or communal direction. It is ancient human nature to want
to belong to or identify with a group, such as a family, culture, association or sports team. It is
deeply embedded throughout mankind's history–tribalism, antiquity to today. From hierarchies,
religious fellowships, political parties, military brotherhoods; to globally intertwined ... Show more
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Nothing compares to the feeling of fulfillment you find in helping others. I believe that there is an
esoteric language that is spoken amongst few teachers and students in the world of scholars. As
human beings we are capable of astonishing feats. Individuals as groups possess the kinetic energy
to create, up build, and truly effect beneficial change. The current situation in Ukraine has the
potential to create a scenario that would affect every man, women and child living on this planet.
The Cold War never ended and or tensions between the world powers have reemerged. We could
perhaps be approaching the tensest moment in U.S.~Russian relations since the Cuban missile crisis.
This is really frightening to think about. State actors, leaders, political alliances, people, have the
potential to set off chains of events that could have rippling global
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Limitations Of Social Identity Theory
Introduction
Social identity theory proposed by Tajfel & Turner (2004) is a theory of group membership and
behaviour which has made significant contributions in explaining in–group favouritism, out–group
denigration, competition and other interactions of an individual among social groups (Korte, 2007;
Brown, 2000; Tajfel & Turner, 2004). Social identity theory can be defined as an individual's sense
of who they are based on the group that they belong to through a process of self–categorisation and
depersonalisation (Tajfel & Turner, 2004). In this essay, I will define social identity theory through
its three mental processes involved in group evaluation which are: social identification which is a
process whereby we are placed into certain ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, a female individual who believes in feminism will most likely identify higher with a
group of feminists than a group of females that are ant–feminist. This strength in social
identification leads to in–group favouritism whereby members see the members of their group in a
positive manner and see members of other groups in a negative or denigrative manner (Swann Jr et
al., 2009). Through the process of depersonalisation. self–categorisation and group membership, an
individual develops a social identity that serves as a social cognitive schema for behaviours that are
related to the group (Korte, 2007; Swann Jr et al., 2009).
Depersonalisation occurs when an individual identifies with a certain group as he/she adopts the
group's identity wherein his/her personal identity takes less priority and he/she tends to downplay
his/her's own personal attributes in favour of acquiring the group's attributes (Swann Jr et al., 2009;
Korte, 2007). An individual constructs meaning of this social identity through self–categorisation
and adopts the appropriate behaviour that is expected and utilised within the group (Korte, 2007).
This further suggests that individuals have the tendency to display behaviours that the group they
identify with displays even if it conflicts with their personal identity (Korte, 2007). Also, the more
salient an individual's social identity, the more likely the
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Social Media And Identity
Introduction
Adolescence is a time where an individual's sense of identity starts to emerge, with an unlimited
access to the internet adolescence are influenced by the content they are exposed to which in turn
affects them in establishing individual identity. Nearly every adolescent growing up in the United
States has access to the internet or some form of media and social media. In fact, a study showed
that; 93% of adolescents reported belonging to a social media site, 72% access the Internet with a
phone, 49% accept friend requests from strangers, 42% send friend requests to strangers, and 55%
report meeting people from social media sites in person (Knowles, Lee, O'Riordan, & Lazebnik,
2014). The internet is a vast place and can offer adolescents ample opportunities to experiment with
their identities. Six hundred adolescents were given a questioner on internet habits, of the
adolescents who used the internet for chat or Instant Messaging, 50 percent indicated that they had
engaged in internet–based identity experiments (Valkenburg, Schouten, & Peter, 2005).
Furthermore, media use can directly impact an adolescent's self–esteem, which in turn impacts them
in establishing their identity. Many are convinced that high self–esteem produces salutary outcomes
and low self–esteem is at the root of personal and social problems and that self–esteem is an
outcome of the identity verification process (Stets & Burke, 2014). The central focus of this paper is
connecting media
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A Comparison Of Identity Theory And Social Identity
What is identity? A loose definition of identity is a sense of who we are. So how do we develop or
define our identity? Do we define it by the roles we play; mother, father, priest, teacher? Or do we
define it by what groups we associate ourselves with; republican, atheist, professional? This paper
will briefly discuss identity theory and social identity theory and then review the similarities and the
differences of the two. Identity theory examines how social conditions mold our identities and
subsequently direct our behaviors. In other words, society influences the roles we play and we
behave in ways that meet the expectations of that role. For example, a woman who has a child
identifies as a mother and then behaves in ways that are acceptable to being a mother in accordance
with the social standards she lives in. In addition to this, identity theory states that the self is based
on multiple roles; the mother can also be a daughter, an employee, a sister and a tennis player. In
identity theory terms, these are called role identities. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So, a woman, when caring for her child, will likely behave in ways that are nurturing but, that same
woman, when away from her child and in the presence of an employer, may behave in a more
detached and reserved manner. Each person has a hierarchy of role identities based on what role is
more important to them. When two roles are in conflict a person will choose one over the other. The
mother mentioned above may abandon her work if her child is ill and her role as a mother is more
important than her role as an
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The Importance Of Social Identity Theory
Humans are predominantly social creatures. We form friend groups and families. We join social
networks and professional networks. We group into religions, nationalities, and political parties. In
extreme cases, we even abuse others (Zimbardo, 1973) and conform to false conclusions (Asch,
1952) in order to maintain group membership. In other words, our group memberships influence our
behavior every day–even in ways that we do not perceive consciously (Baumeister & Leary, 1995;
Haidt, 2003). Social Identity Theory and Self–Categorization Theory Political behavior always
involves social groups, whether these take the form of concrete networks and gatherings of
individuals such as pressure groups, demonstrations, governments, cadres or committees, or whether
they are constituted as large–scale institutions or imagined communities (Anderson, 1991) such as
political parties during the 2016 presidential complain. When social groups are central to politics,
then the psychology of the groups should be relevant to our understanding of political psychology.
Social Identity Theory and Self–Categorization Theory does represent a major theoretical attempts
to clarify the social psychological processes associated with group membership and action. This
should lead to a good position with the group as well as contributions and understanding...thus
people conform to their group. Social Identity Theory (SIT) developed from Tajfel's work on
intergroup processes which focused on the of conflict
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Personal Narrative: My Social Identity
Identity is what creates us as a person, sometimes we even face some problems trying to find ours.
For instance, I was wondering what my two personalities were, but I found out that I have multiple
identities. First, is my social identity. My social identity has to do with my friends, family and social
activities that I do on daily basics such as dancing, playing sports, listening to music, pretty much
any activity outside my school and work environment. My second Identity is cultural which
involves food and my music preferences, my first language, and my backgrounds and how I dress.
Another one is my identity as a daughter. When I'm with my parents I'm a different person than
when I'm with my friends because I believe they deserve more respect
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Evaluate Social Identity Theory
Lauren Thom, 3215788.
Psyc 315: Social Psychology
2,046 words.
Critically evaluate Social Identity Theory.
Who are you? Who am I? These are questions that we all ponder at some point or another in our
lives. As human beings we are seemingly inundated with the desire to classify and categorise. We
are constantly defining and analysing the differences that we observe in the world, it seems only
natural that we would apply this method of classification to our position within our society. More
specifically, we want to understand our social identities and this can be achieved by acknowledging
which groups we identify most with.
Tajfel and Turner (1986) define this phenomenon of classification within a social context as ... Show
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Human beings tend to see the group that they associate with in a more favourable light than the
groups that they do not associate with. This is known as "in–group favouritism" (Turner and Tajfel,
1986) One explanation as to why this is done is that we boost our self esteem by viewing the group
we belong to in a more favourable light than the group with which we have no affiliation. This
seems quite logical in that we feel a sense of pride when our group seems somewhat better or
superior to other groups.
One could argue that this then inflates our sense of belonging in the world if we feel that there are
others who share similar values to us. This then strengthens our resolve by essentially confirming
that we are engaging in the right behaviours and holding the right ideals as we associate ourselves
with others who feel the same as we do. This then leads them to strengthen our tenacity of in–group
favouritism by rewarding our prejudiced behaviours. A positive outcome of this is that it can have a
flow on effect to our altruistic nature as human beings and we would be more likely to help those
with whom we feel a certain affiliation. It is in this regard that the Social Identity Theory can yield
positive results through a framework of philanthropic behaviour and support for in–group members.
The converse of this behaviour is that we see an increase in negative behaviours towards those with
whom we feel have conflicting goals and essentially belong to an "out group".
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Essay On Social Identity
Social media is often praised for its ability to connect people worldwide, but in reality, it is forcing
us further apart; we are no longer individuals but are instead creating for ourselves a fake social
identity. Nicholas Carr, author of "Is Google Making Us Stupid?" focuses on how reading on the
Internet has made it almost impossible for us to do "deep reading." In "Just Between You, Me, and
My 622 BFF'S," Peggy Orenstein looks at how social media has stolen younger girl's identities, and
formed their sexual identity. Chuck Klosterman in his article "Electric Funeral" sees the Internet as a
breeding ground for "villains" who feed off our primitive impulses to draw attention and fame to
ourselves. These three authors have powerful ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When Google was first created, its goal was "to organize the world's information and make it
universally accessible and useful" ("How We Started and Where We Are Today"). There is certainly
nothing sinister in the mission statement, and undeniably Google has proved to be an essential and
convenient part of life. However, convenience is the dominant issue at play here. Research no longer
need hours to uncover; in as few as five minutes, one can have an answer, source, or image ready to
absorb and spit out in whatever paper or conversation they might have. This is the type of fast pace
environment that is negatively affecting us; we are conditioned to find our answers quickly. How
many of us have actually gone to page 2 in an Internet search? If our answer is not given in the first
few links, we rephrase the question in order to get the answer we need. We train ourselves to work
fast and efficiently, and while that might be helpful at the moment, overall it is hindering our ability
to think deeply about issues. This inability to think not only affects our research, but our day to day
lives; we have trained ourselves to glance at an image or post, and immediately draw assumptions
from it. Social media is designed to be simple and usable to all age groups, which forces us to
simplify our posts,
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Social Identity Essay On Fishing
As a female college student, I have many identities. Some identities change, others don't, but either
way, they all have something in common– they are each known as our social identity. One person
can have many social identities, just and many people can share a social identity. This phenomenon
often creates a common ground between people who may seem completely different. Social
identities can be anything for a lover of a certain type of music, sport, activity, or even just where
these people are from. I have moved a lot through my years, but no matter where I go, I can always
find people who share some of my social identities, which aids in feeling comfortable in a new place
or situation.
Saul McLeod defines social identity in as "a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I know this may sound harsh if you are not a hunter, but to hunters, it is more than just killing an
animal. It is retelling the stories of our ancestors, and providing us with the food God has provided
for us. When looking at types of hunting that take place, there are many different forms. The most
popular of which are deer hunting, squirrel hunting, turkey hunting, elk/moose hunting, and big
game hunting. Big game hunting is most often hunting done in other countries. Many times, it is
found on the continent of Africa, where people can big game hunt, where they hunt rhinos,
elephants, lions, and many other animals. Each type of hunting has certain people who love that type
more than the others. Often times, this itself is a big source of social identity within the realm of
hunters. An important note to make is how hunting is an ever decreasing part of our lives. An article
talks about this decline and mentions how "From 1963 to 1967, the first years for which Alabama
has data, an average of more than 113,000 hunters harvested more than 1 million rabbits a year.
[And by the year of 2015] only 15,000 hunters harvested fewer than 100,000 rabbits. (Dewitt, A
Vanishing
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The Components Of Social Conflict And Social Identity Theory
Tal classifies this mechanism as sociopsychological infrastructure. It manifests in "collective
memory, the ethos of conflict and collective emotional orientation" (p.1430). These are the
mechanism that distinguishes one group from another. Hence the collective memory, the ethos of
conflict and collective emotional orientation are what member of a group share, against the 'other'. A
classic case of 'we' against 'them.' The question of how these operate from an individual's point of
view becomes imperative.
Social Identity Theory
Tajfel & Turner, (1979) the proponents of social identity theory helped in the understanding of
intergroup relations. Their focus was on the complex "interweaving of an individual or interpersonal
behavior with contextual social processes of intergroup conflict" (p.276). social identity theory,
therefore emphasizes intergroup relations (relationship of an individual has with his group and
between an outgroup) and categorical distinction (what sets an individual apart from another
outgroup) . Korostelina describes this as "the processes of identification with other group members"
(p.23). Personal identities are consequently reflected in an individual's social identity. For instance,
an individual with an Islamic conviction cannot be found in a church on a Sunday. Social identity
theory holds that individuals establish who they are and the group they belong, basically because
there is one form of similarity or another hence, by "categorization,
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Social Identity And Social Behavior Analysis
Ever since the beginning of this exercise, I have been curious as to if there were any patterns within
individual characteristics that change the likelihood of someone being prosocial or proself. All three
articles deal with understanding the differences between prosocials and proselfs. The article written
in 2001 establishes a difference in prosocials and proselfs. This research shows that prosocials, as
compared to proselfs, will "simultaneously pursue the following goals in interdependence situations:
(1) maximize own outcomes, (2) maximize joint outcomes, and (3) achieving equality in outcomes"
(De Cremer & Van Lange 2001: S15). The 2008 article deals with the different behaviors associated
with egotists and altruists. Building off the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A self–concept or self–schema, the mental image or perception that one has of oneself, is made up
of three types of identities, role identities, person identities, and social identities. Role identity refers
to the roles we occupy, such as sister, friend, lawyer, etc. These can influence our behavior by
establishing roles, therefore rules as to what type of behavior is expected from us in certain
situations. This could be demonstrated as it relates to gender. We might notice more women
behaving prosocially because they are mothers and sisters, who are typically expected to be more
caring, and so to fulfill their role as "mother" or "sister" they will behave as a prosocial more often.
A person identity is a characteristic that effects the way an individual acts. These are typically
characteristics such as funny, kind, or nurtuting. Someone who holds any kind of characteristic that
relates to helping will be more likely to display prosocial tendencies. Finally, social identities are
characteristics about ourselves that we use to associate with classifications. This could be race,
gender, or even religion. We can expect that someone who holds a social identity that they are
religious would feel more inclined to behave prosocially because they feel as if they need to prove
their religious identity. Overall, social identity explains that people will behave in certain ways to
uphold or
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Social And Social Identity Theory
Originally proposed by Tajfel and Turner, the Social Identity Theory (SIT) can be described as the
comparison between the individual self and the social self. More specifically, it is the individual's
perception that is derived from their membership of a social group (ingroups and outgroups) or
personal identities. The theory is divided into three different psychological mechanisms: social
categorization, social comparison, and the tendency for people to use the group membership as a
source to gain self–esteem. A theory is defined as a theory as long as it meets the two requirements:
describing behaviors and the ability to describe/see the future behaviors of individuals. Since the
behaviors of individuals can be based on the social ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Individuals tend to over exaggerate the differences between the outgroups and outgroups, while they
exaggerate the similarities between the ingroups. The Social Identity Theory demonstrates reliability
in that it provides an explanation for intergroup behaviors such as stereotypes. The theory is
demonstrated within the study of Sherif et al (1954). The study was carried out in order to observe
the creation of groups, attitudes, and the norms of the groups through group activities. Sherif
intended to observe the reactions and attitudes between the individuals when there are two separate
groups (realistic conflict theory). The researchers had 22 boys with similar backgrounds and boys in
the age group of 11–12 years old. Boys were divided into two separate groups before the experiment
began and the researchers used single–blind study in that the boys did not realize that they were
participating in an experiment; the boys were there to attend a summer camp. The two groups were
divided and each group participated in team bonding activities and the boys had created their
distinctive identity as members of the Eagles or members of the Rattlers. Researchers created a
game in which only one group benefited in order to create conflict between the two groups. Unlike
the decent start in the beginning, the members of each group portrayed
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The Impact Of Social Identity On Education
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL IDENTITY ON EDUCATION No one can deny the fact that United
States is rapidly becomes a more culturally and ethnically diverse nation. If the information from
The Census Bureau which projects that by the year 2100, the U.S. minority population will become
the majority with non–Hispanic whites making up only 40% of the U.S. population is anything to go
by, it is clear beyond any reasonable doubt that we need to prepare the coming generations to
comfortably embrace this change (Great Schools Staff, 2015). The subject of social diversity can
therefore no longer be ignored since as a matter of fact, its impacts are already here with us. Public
schools are becoming more diverse, and both the teachers and the students are feeling the impact.
Teachers should therefore be actively involved in preparing their students to be tolerant to this
change and teaching them how to interact in a diverse environment. As teachers, we find ourselves
in this unique position, charged with the responsibility of ensuring that every student feels valued
irrespective of their social identities. Of course we too have social identities, we even experience
situations where teachers show some elements of discrimination against each other due to their
social identities, but as a responsible teacher, you should not allow this to happen around you,
especially when you are in a position to make it right. I believe that no student at any given time
should feel discriminated by me based on
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Social Identity Theory
In Racial and Ethnic Relations, Feagin and Feagin explore important matters of Culture and Ethnic
groups to better understand the presence of discrimination and prejudices that we see in modern
society. It is through their specific analysis of prejudice and stereotypes that we are introduced to
this term called ethnocentrism. As they reference the definition of ethnocentrism made available by
William G. Sumner, it is described as believing the group that you culturally or socially identify
with to be central in society and all the other groups are only seen as something relative to the group
that you belong in (11.) This term can be further investigated with the introduction of a psychology
theory called the social identity theory. It proposes that discrimination is used to strengthen one's
social identity and improve one's self–image. Basically, it further concretes the "us" and "them" (or
in–group and out–group) mentalities through the attribution of negative qualities to the out–group. It
is the presence of ethnocentrism – and the negative implications of the social identity theory that it
relates to – that we can best understand and evaluate the structure and social experiences of those
who are forced into the out–group positions. This term can be further investigated through the
analysis of text from M. Butterfly by David Henry Hwang. It is through his parody of the opera
Madama Buterfly in which Puccini pushes racial stereotypes through the actions of the character Cio
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Identity, And Social Identity
Social Identity Biography While thinking about "who I am", I came across many different aspects:
Gender, ethnicity, religion, race, and much more. On September 11th 1996, I was born a female
(sex) to a middle aged single mother, Betty Scarborough, at U.T. Medical Center. To this day, my
gender remains a woman. Although there are many different races, I was born into this world a
Caucasian (White). When exploring the dating world, I would consider myself as a heterosexual
individual because I only have attractions to males. So, when I was born and in todays time I would
consider myself a female. When looking through my families ethnicity, I am more Irish than
Cherokee. However, I do have some German heritage through my father's side, according to my
mother. Also, when looking at my religion, I would consider my self as Christian. My family went
to church every time the doors open, this results in why I attend church every chance I can. I love
being able to worship the Lord, and learn more about him. Also, some religions believe differently
than I do and that is totally okay. So, therefore, I have a lot of Irish in me, and Christianity would be
my religion. However, as a child, I would consider myself under the lower–middle class category
because my mother was a singe parent of three children. She is an Elementary school teacher, which
they do not get paid much when raising three children on her own. In today's time, I would say I am
considered under the working class category because I make enough to exceed a little over ends
meet. Being in the working class is extremely difficult because paying for bills can sometimes be
difficult. So, therefore, as a child, I fell under the lower–middle class, but as a young adult, I
unfortunately fall under the working class. During this time, I would consider myself as a young
adult who lives in the United States. There are many reasons why I chose this category; I am
between the ages of 18 to 30, which usually considers an individual a young adult. Also, being a
young adult is the start of having a little more freedom than being a child. For example, at 18 you
can are allowed to buy tobacco products and join the Army, but when you become 21 of older you
are allowed
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Social Identity Analysis
As I explored the aspects of identity through filling out the social identity wheel, I was able to
distinguish the elements which make up my social identity and make note of the ones which I was
most aware of. Through this exercise I began to realize that my age, gender, and religion were all
aspects which heavily influence my everyday life. I may not be intentionally thinking of these things
during an ordinary day, but I deem them as primary aspects due to the fact that they shape many of
my routine happenings. For example, here on campus I try to attend the church service at St. Paul's
on as many Sundays as time allots. Luckily enough, a few girls on my floor are also interested in
this so we often attend as a group. This heavily correlates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Coming from a town that did not have a substantial amount of diversity, I find it important to
recognize that everyone's identity wheel consists of different combinations. In knowing this, I have
learned it is important to reach out to others with an open mentality. It is probable to meet people
who are not necessarily the same as you in all aspects when doing this; however, this can be
beneficial and actually allow our campus to form a community in which people can feel comfortable
being open with one another. This particularly happened to me the first week I arrived to school
here. With all the chaos surrounding move in week things got to be overwhelming, but in the midst
of it all me and my roommate were able to meet someone just across the hall. As we continued to
talk to this individual, I remember thinking how much our backgrounds differed, but in the time, it
did not matter. My roommate and I have continued talking to him throughout the entire semester.
This just goes to show that although our social identities vary in numerous aspects, we were able to
form a strong friendship that does not consider our differing social identities as a
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Consequences of Social Categorization and Social Identity...
Consequences of Social Categorization and Social Identity Theories Vernon Smith BA426
Managing Cultural Diversity vsmith003@regis.edu Consequences of Social Categorization and
Social Identity Theories Introduction In the modern world, workforce diversity has developed to be
among the most imperative elements. Many organizations including Apple Inc. and all over the
world have employed diversity managers to help develop effective workforce diversification
(Podsiadlowski et al., 2013). The increased interest in workforce diversity is not surprising. As
organization move to develop organizational structures including teams and groups as well as
multinational workforce, effective communication within diversified workforce becomes ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Bell (2012), the most probable outcomes of in–group favoritism in jobs is the hiring,
promoting, and rewarding of members of the particular group by peers belonging to the same group.
The exclusion of the members of the out–groups, the minority out–group members are sidelined
while the members of the dominant group will be favored. In most cases, the members of non–
dominant out–groups are minorities and women, social categorization often work hostile to them by
negatively affecting their opportunities for jobs, promotion, attaining high–status job positions
among other advantages that are open to men as well as for the Whites (Podsiadlowski et al., 2013).
Non–whites and women mostly have insignificant power in the organization thus any favor they
may get is less probable to disadvantage the members of in–groups. The existence of in–group bias
where people will likely select demographically similar individuals is a clear presentation of
favoritism, which can be damaging for any organization. The behaviors of the members of these two
groups are often judged differently. For instance, a white who shows of being in charge is seen
positively while a black which shows the same is seen as oppressive (Bell, 2012). With in–group
favoritism, the minorities and women are at high risk of facing extreme discrimination in
organizations, which could hamper their opportunity to
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Self And Social Identity Theory Paper
When Henri Tajfel and John Turner came up the self and social identity theory, they set out to
explain the value of understanding self worth. Every human as a desire to feel a sense of belonging,
but that problem is not a simple as just sitting next to someone and saying these two people should
feel connected. The heart of this issue is often psychologist greatest challenge in cure a person metal
state. This paper will first look at what is self and social identity from a psychologist issue, than how
the power of the gospel as the ability to change that. Henri Tajfel believed that the groups we belong
to give us a sense of social identity. Those groups helped us feel a connection in the world which in
turns lead to a feeling of self worth (Tajifel, 1979). The groups we choose not only shaped our
image of our self but also had the ability to affect the way we act in the communities we lived in. So
in essence with that definition one could say that our character to the world is perceived through the
self–image we portray. To take this idea a step further the first idea helps to define our social image.
Our self image becomes a bit more complicated. Its easy to get people to think certain things of us.
Smile a lot and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jesus calls us as followers to take up our cross and follow him. If we are to carry the benefits of this
new image we have in Christ, we must also be willing to carry the weight of that. That weight comes
from fleeing from sin and living in the image of Christ. The word repentance is found 75 times in
the Bible and it means simply to turn away. Luke uses the word 25 times alone and when he uses
this word, he is using it in the context of what we need to do when following Christ. Repent from
our sins, than turn away from them. That means we must be willing to do away with our old self
image and embrace the new that Christ has promised
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Social Value And Identity
Social Value and Identity My discourse community is one of a kind, and special, because we are all
so close so we always know what's going on with each other. We also always have something to do
every day there is never a day where we would just sit around and be bored. We also are all athletes,
so we go to the gym and run basketball games and workout. My discourse community is important
because we keep each other on the right path and not let each other go down the wrong road. If one
of us has a problem we can help them handle it. It's also a place where we can tell each other things,
and the whole world won't know because we keep things between us. This is extremely important
because you always need someone to talk to you can't just keep everything to yourself. The type of
people that thrive in my discourse community are hustlers this is because we are always thinking of
ways for us to make money so you need to be able to come with ideas to contribute to our
community. Self–motivated people thrive in our discourse community because you got to be willing
to do things without being asked to. Another type of person that thrives in this community is
someone who doesn't get pushed around, because at this time there is a lot of people mad with us for
something that happened. So, when we see them in public they always are trying to start a problem.
When that happens, we can't just let them push us around, because that would make us look weak so
we got to be able to stand up
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

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Identity Theory And Social Identity

  • 1. Identity Theory And Social Identity Identity theory traces its root in the writing of G.H Mead, the American philosopher, sociologist and psychologist who says that the image or the feeling that a person creates for him or herself in a particular society is the result of other's vision, which is created daily and is subjected to change. Richard Jinkens, the sociologist describes that social identity means who we are and who the others are and on the other hand what the other thinks about themselves and others. Further, Mead elaborates that a person in a particular society has two identities and which are self–identity and social identity. The self–identity is the cognition that a person has about him or herself and the social identity is the reflection of the accepted values that a person has in the society. Social Identity theory is enabling a person to answer his question of what I am and who I am based on his group membership. This is basically a line between oneself and the alien. In this assignment I will discuss the brief biography of the developers of the social identity theory, the definition of the theory, aspects of the theory, a case study, the critics and future application. Henry Tajfel and John Turner developed Social Identity Theory in 1979. Henry Tajfel born on 22 June 1919 in Poland. He was one of the most famous and influential psychologists of the 20th century. He studied chemistry in France. He later joined the France army and was made a prisoner of war. After cessation he became ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2.
  • 3. Personal Narrative: Social Identity Social Identity. It is what makes us whole and what makes up ourselves in our mind and how we are perceived in public. It is "Through the process of self– categorization or identification, an identity is formed, (stets and burke, 224). Social identity is "a person's knowledge that he or she belongs to a social category or group"(stets and burke, 224). Self– categorization is "the self is reflexive in that it can take itself as an object and can categorize, classify or name itself in particular ways in relation to other social categories or classifications" (stets and burke, 224). No person is only made up of one social identity. It can vary from person to person what is your social identities but there is generally a lot that you are actually ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... I am a white, middle–class and female which is generally the ideal image but I am bisexual which can knock me down an extra level. I am a smart individual but I have to deal with the fact that I am a female and options aren't always open to me. I am a female athlete so I am "fit for a girl, "fast for a girl" or "strong for a girl" but never just strong or fast or agile. The only compliment that can come in that is that because of the fact that I am really flexible it is an actual compliment. Concerning my bisexuality and the fact that I am female I do tend to be more accepted than I would have if I were male. Since society is highly male dominated it is more accepting to be a bisexual female than it is to be a bisexual male. This is usually with the idea in mind that the bisexual female would sleep with both him the male and another female at the same time. However, for some people it just gives them reassurance that I could end up with a male. My main conflicts are that I am a white female. I may get the privileges of a white person but since I am female I also have a bunch be taken away. I may be able to see my race exemplified in media more often but most female roles are small and usually have to do with males(such as crushes, what they should do about their boyfriend etc.) and the ones that do have major roles generally have something "wrong" with the female that makes ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 4.
  • 5. Social Identity And Career Choice Essay TO WHAT EXTENT DOES SOCIAL IDENTITY DETERMINE JOB CHOICE The literature review focuses on the collection of secondary data on the research topic, which is the extent to which social identity determines job choice. The literature review is conducted under three major themes, which act as the pivotal basis for constructing theoretical meaning to the larger research problem. The Social Identity Theory Studies on social identity have been dated back to centuries. According to Heckman (2006) the reason social identity studies remain very important to academicians and professionals is for the fact that all people are social being and that at every point in time, it is important to find the impact of the social system on an individual. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In most of these literatures, factor analysis has been used with emphasis on non–pecuniary identity payoffs (Wolfe and Haveman, 2003). The bowl of contention has however often been factors that most align with social identity, where two major factors namely career orientation and social orientation has been debated. Stets and Burke (2000) noted that career orientation factors are those social identity variables that makes a person becomes concerned about career outcomes that match well with their social beliefs, principles and expectations. For such people whose emphasis is on career orientation, they would want the career choices they are making to give them the fullest assurance of protecting their social identities and satisfying their social ambitions (Hoff and Priyanka, 2006). There is another school of thought who have emphasised on social orientation in the search for a model for career choice and identity. From the perspective of these reviewers, social identity is stronger than career expectations and so at any point while entering a career, a person would look at his personal ability for his social status to fit into the career that is being pursued, rather than want the career to fit social ability (Wolfe and Haveman, 2003). But quite interestingly, both sides of the argument approached from career orientation and social orientation end up with ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 6.
  • 7. Importance Of Social Identity Social Identity Individuals tend to think that explaining your identity is a simple answer, but in fact, it is a difficult question to answer. One way that that one defines their identity is by a person's experiences or the interactions that they have with the people that they interact with. Another way that a person's social identity can be described as, is the feelings, perceptions, and thinking that a person has, due to the person's group memberships. While these definitions are similar and connected to one's social identity, this writer resonates most with how a person's feelings, perceptions, and thinking come from their group memberships. In addition, social identity is important because it enables one to develop and help individual's gain a sense of their self–identity and self–expression. Some popular examples that a person might consider to be part of their social identity are: ethnicity, gender, religion, and sexual orientation. Speaking of social identities, it is important for one to be able to self–identify their social identities that are important to themselves and what society thinks of them. For instance, a social identity that is most important to this writer is her spirituality. As a young child, this student never was around a church, mosque, or synagogue, but during her early adolescent years someone very closed to her introduced her to believing is a higher power. This special person is my grandfather and he has also taught this writer how to pray ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 8.
  • 9. Social Identity Theory Social identity theory, it is a person's sense that is based around the group they are in, either by their personal identity or with different kinds of social identities. That is, people will try to improve their own image of themselves. The theory was proposed by Henri Tajfel. People can increase their self– esteem by both their own achievement and interaction with a successful group of people. This shows the importance of social belonging. This theory is based around three mental processes, social categorization, social identification and social comparison. People who are in a group or belong to and even assigned to the group, they would naturally think of the member within that group as the in–groups while others outside the group would be the out–groups. This can be explained by social categorization. People would normally categorize other people into different categories, including themselves. And bond between the in–groups would form. This however, would develop a discrimination between the in–group and out–group where people would favor the in–group more. Social categorization can be seen in the study done by Cialdini et .al (1976). The main purpose of the study is to find out whether people would favor their own "in–group" members more than the other people, the "out–groups". Researcher uses two methods. First, researchers find fans from 7 different large United State prestigious football universities in a field experiment. Researchers then observed the student's ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 10.
  • 11. Identity Theory Of Social Class Statement of the Problem Identity is a powerful force that shapes the way individuals interact with the world (Burke & Reitzes, 1981). As a result, scholars have devoted much time toward understanding how identities such as gender, race, and sexual orientation influence the human condition (Farr, Forssell, Patterson, 2010; Kerr & Multon, 2015; Smith, Bowman, & Hsu, 2007). However, among this growing body of literature, the study of social class as an identity is relatively scarce (Ostrove & Cole, 2003). Rather than examining social class as an identity, many scholars have instead chosen to treat it as a demographic variable (Aries, 2008; Aries & Berman, 2013; Lubrano, 2004; Mantsios, 2007; Park & Denson, 2013). Perhaps this has occurred because social class is such an elusive concept to describe (Lareau, 2008; Ostrove & Cole, 2003). Although scholars generally agree that there are distinct differences among the speech patterns, mannerisms, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Identity theory is a theoretical framework that posits that individuals have many different identities that intersect, such as social class, race, and gender (Burke & Tully, 1977; Michalski & Helmig, 2008; Stryker, 1968; Stryker, 1987; Stryker, 2008). However, identity theory also acknowledges that these varying identities tend to exist hierarchically (Stryker & Burke, 2000). Therefore, identities that are more central to a person's sense of self are more salient. That is, salient identities tend to be higher on a person's salience hierarchy than other identities. For example, a person may identify as a heterosexual woman, an African American, a Protestant, and a mother. However, if after considering all of these identities, she were to indicate that her identity of being a mother was the most important to her sense of self, and then researchers could infer that her mother identity would be set highest on her salience ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 12.
  • 13. Social Norms Of Social Identity Social identities have a lot of significance on people's lives today. People have adopted these norms of behaviors, the values and beliefs which come along with social identities. Various groups within the society have different expectations and standards of behavior which are now seen as a completely natural thing rather than just beliefs. There are different norms of social identities which include the race/ethnicity, religion, class, gender and sexuality. This paper will focus more on the class and gender social identities. In my culture, the main two social identities which are considered the most are gender and class. They highly contribute on how different categories of people are perceived in the society and this determines the how people relate in the society. Looking at gender, people believe that the difference in gender is connected to different responsibilities. The way ladies are treated is different from the way men are treated in the society. This is according to what people strongly believe about gender difference and as a result, different people are valued differently in different situations. Not only that, there are also different expectations from each gender. Looking at the responsibilities aspect, there are jobs which are considered to be suitable for men while others are seen to be suitable for women. This is not because the women cannot do the jobs which are perceived to be suitable for men, bit it is simply because these jobs are perceived to be manly. For instance, most of engineering jobs are said to be manly. Engineering is mostly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Also in the case of gender social identity, men tend to be highly paid than women. The society believes that men have many responsibilities as compared to women and that's why they are paid more as compared to women. This situation happens even in cases where men are doing the same job as ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 14.
  • 15. Social Construction Of Identity Essay Identity is an expression of our self–evaluation. It encompasses factors such as nationality, ethnicity, race, gender, religion, region and language. It is shaped throughout life by experiences and the environment which one lives in. Globally, the social construction of identity varies. The factors chosen as more prominent in one region of the world, may differ from other places that has experienced political tensions, has been influenced by religion or has larger migrant populations. Some researchers fear about one–dimensional identity. There is danger in only considering a specific factor as the sole basis for identity because it can lead to extremism and failure to endure diversity. However, there are factors that are more prominent than ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... They explain how different factors are used for the social construction of identity. They also warn about the implications of single factored sense of self. each one provides specific insight of one factor and a specific setting. This research will expand qualitatively on these subjects. It will continue to explore the factors of identity from different regions of the world and the priority of the factors (Race, religion, language and nationality) to conclude which is more prevalent than the others in that geographical setting. The findings will hopefully parallel the stated studies above, concluding that the formation of identity if fostered by the environment in which people live and the experiences they have. the research expectations for this study in include a variety of answers. There is hope that one factor of identity is the out–lier of all the rest. This factor hopefully weighs more on individual social construction of identity than the rest of the factors study. However, there is also hope for consensus among geographical areas. This will prove that the social construction of identity is influenced by political conflicts, migrant populations or the spread of religion. In addition these geographical areas have such explanations for the consensus view of identity. Each region should have an explanation for the majority of identities constructed by their populations to be similar and the factors used to be weighted similarly (Bakhshi, 2015; Neblett,, 2009; St Louis, 2009; Zuhairi, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 16.
  • 17. Identity Is A Bynamic Process Of Identity And Social Identity An individual's identity is a continual and dynamic process of narration in which both the individual and social partners are involved in "formulating, editing, applauding, and refusing various elements of the ever–produced narrative" (Humphreys & Brown, 2002). It is internalized and revised from a person's "selective appropriation of past, present, and future" through introspection and interaction with social partners to create and maintain a coherent personal story (Miscenko & Day, 2015). There are multiple levels of identity that an individual may hold, and these levels interact and contribute to the way a person defines themselves. A social identity forms when "an individual ties his or her self–concept to a collective or role" (Ashforth, Harrison, & Corley, 2008). A social identity is one that is shared by members and distinguished by groups, and members define themselves and enable others to define them based on the groups to which they belong (Miscenko & Day, 2015). A person's social identity relates to their sense of self–worth, as "people attach positive value to their identities" (Miscenko & Day, 2015). An individual uses their social identity to affirm their self–concept through their social peers, seeking confirmation by "expressing identity relevant behavior central to role definition" (Miscenko & Day, 2015). Social identities are also used for self–enhancement by confirming both "positive and negative aspects of identity" and "striving to promote only ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 18.
  • 19. Cultural And Social Lens Identity Through a cultural and social lens identity has to do with a person's appearance, beliefs, and language. People with cultural differences have different identities. Appearance–wise, they tend to have a different skin color, a different dress code, different facial features, different hair, etc. These characteristics can easily help others categorize what cultural group they are in. People with different cultural backgrounds sometimes dress a certain way so you can easily see their identity through their clothes. The beliefs of a certain culture is also a part of their identity being that it is something they believe within themselves. Many cultures have different religious systems such as Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. They either chose ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 20.
  • 21. Comparing Goffman's Stigma And Social Identity "Stigma and Social Identity," is one of the chapters from a book called "Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity" written by Erving Goffman that discuss in depth about stigma. Firstly, in this chapter, Goffman discuss about the origins of the word 'stigma' from the Greeks and Christian perspective that tend to define stigma as bodily evidence of unusualness. Nowadays, the word stigma is use to label disgrace rather than the bodily evidence of it. There are three types of stigmas; physical defects, blemishes of individual character and tribal stigmata of race, color and religion. All of these stigmas can deteriorate the claims of 'normality'. Besides, in this chapter, Goffman discuss on how people in a society tend to unconsciously ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... He saw stigma as a procedure based on social construction of identity. Besides, he also analyzed the effects of stigma on people and even individuals. In this article it shows on how people who have been stigmatized internalized the stigma that they had and how it can affects their behavior. Stigma can cause many negative consequences that can lead people to engage in maladaptive behaviors that can also lead to mental illnesses. It is really important for us to realize that every human is just human being and it is really important to accept people the way they ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 22.
  • 23. The Importance Of Social Identity "Some...memberships are more salient than others; and some may vary in salience in time and as a function of a variety of social situations" (Tajfel, 2–3) Salience of identity, in the way that we need to understand it in the case of perception and decision making, can be operationalized as the likelihood that a particular identity will be invoked within a certain situation that the individual is being faced with (Hogg, Terry, & White, 257). As mentioned previously, everyone holds various identities but salience is the process through which we subconsciously decide which we be used to base our decision making or preferences on. "The salience of a particular social identity for an individual may vary from situation to situation and indeed from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... In the courtroom, she is primed for her identity as a lawyer and at home she is primed for her identity as a mother. Certain locations or experiences will prime us to be salient for one identity vs another which "demonstrates [the] sharp changes in social norms according to the situational salience of people's different group memberships" (Tajfel, 19). Through identity salience, we come to understand another step in the effect that identity has upon preferences and decision making. "There are several studies which make the point indirectly by manipulating the cognitive salience of group membership as their independent variable" (Tajfel, 19). By directly priming an identity, can we alter one's preferences compared to their instinctual preferences without said priming? When considering salience of identity and its effect on individual preferences, we could conclude that this phenomenon may be classified as a variation of transitivity. Transitivity is described as "the cornerstone of normative and descriptive decision theories" because it "underlies measurement models of sensation and value" and is a "necessary condition for the existence of a utility scale" (Tversky, 31). If we were to create a utility scale for each identity that an individual holds each scale would reflect the preferences of the primed identity, placing the same items at different places upon the scale. "Observed inconsistencies ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 24.
  • 25. Social Psychology, The Social Identity Within social psychology, the social identity tradition (Tajfel, Billig, Bundy, & Flament, 1971) argues that individuals possess more than their characteristic personal identities, which are activated during interpersonal contact with others; in addition, people can engage in intergroup behavior as informed by their social identities (Gudykunst & Bond, 1980). Such social identities comprise memberships in any psychologically relevant grouping with which an individual identifies, including kin, peers, profession, nation, and cultural identity (Galang, Quiñones, Adriano, Portillo, & Carvajal, 2015). The ingroup identification afforded by social identities then allows individuals to distinguish between people belonging to and excluded from the ingroup (Brewer & Yuki, 2007), and to bolster one's self–concept through affiliation with high–status groups and individuals (Gudykunst & Bond, 1980). In addition, these social identities are created and manifested in different ways across cultures as a function of the values endorsed by society, the ways in which society's members construe themselves, and the manners in which their interpersonal relationships are structured (Feitosa, Salas, & Salazar, 2012). Moreover, social identity theory (SIT) has been invoked as an explanation for a social psychological phenomenon introduced in Robert Cialdini and his colleagues' (1976) research: basking in reflected glory (BIRG). As reflected in the opening quote, individuals are able to emphasize ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 26.
  • 27. Social Identity The term "social identity" is very complex. It stems off of the term "personal identity". I believe that the most clear–cut way to explain social identity is that it's the x in the phrase "I am an x". The stipulation to that phrase is that the x cannot change during the time in which you are changing, meaning it must stay the same over time. When given the task to decide which social identity I feel most attached to, I was torn. There are thousands of different identities in the pool for me to pick from, including white, brother, Christian, Catholic, middle–class, young–adult and male, but there was one in which I had the strongest feelings for when contemplating. I am a grandson. There are many ways in which the social identification of grandson helps me. The most important one is that it lets me have a special relationship with someone that I have known since birth. It also gives me someone who I can confide in and know that they will always be there for me know matter what. When I was growing up, there was no one I would rather spend time with than my grandfather. I would spend weeks at a time at his house in the summer never wanting to leave. He gave me my love of baseball, hockey, singing and so much more. He is one of the reasons why I transferred to The Ohio State ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... I felt like I had to lead the way for my brother since my mother and father never attended college. That stress, added to the workload of a pre–medical student, caused a lot of anxiety. The first person I called was my grandfather when I felt stressed. He helped me calm down and realize I could only do my best and to let the other things fall into place. He also helped me when I decided to switch majors and universities. If it was not for him, I probably would still be miserable in the pre–medical program at the University of ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 28.
  • 29. Social Identity As A Motivating Factor Motivator or motivating factor? Change social identity to social identification in headings, titles, and title before the start of the paper Social Identity as a Motivator for Increased Political Polarization 30014812 PSYC 5002, Spring 2017 University of Louisiana at Monroe April 28, 2017 Social Identity as a Motivator for Increased Political Polarization 30014812 Crystal Curry PSYC 5002, Spring 2017 University of Louisiana at Monroe April 28, 2017 Abstract Polarization of the two major American polities parties in the past few decades has high–lighted a shift in political attitudes that is mediated by increased social identification. While the role of genetics is a constant, agents of socialization influence ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Although party identification is often thought to be a function of affective attachment to a party, it is also a function of social identification with the party. Moreover, it is likely that affective attachment to a party acts as a source or a byproduct for social identification, or some combination of the two. Shared social identity provides pre–dictability with a low cost for information cues (Greene, 1999). As suggested by Greene, intergroup relationships take precedence over intellectual concerns in the formation of politi–cal attitudes and party affiliation. Thus, political identities are more likely to produce parti–san polarization, rather than specific ideologies or policies. Social identity theory allows us to examine the motivational and cognitive basis for the consistent bipolar perceptual and attitudinal patterns in politics (Greene, 2000). In sup–port of social identity theory, Greene found that people tended to think and feel more favor–ably about the party they identified with and more negatively about the opposing party. Hence, social identification with a party significantly predicts cognitive and affective atti–tudes toward political parties. Furthermore, social identity significantly predicts party sup–port and involvement over ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 30.
  • 31. Social Identity Social Identity From "Encyclopedia of Women and Gender: Sex Similarities and Differences and the Impact of Society on Gender" I. Conceptions and Definitions II. Types of Social Identity III. Multiplicity and Intersectionality IV. Aspects of Social Identity V. Assessing Social Identity VI. Development and Change VII. Negotiating Social Identities Glossary Intersectionality The condition in which a person simultaneously belongs to two or more social categories or social statuses and the unique consequences that result from that combination. Minimal group paradigm An experimental procedure for creating social identity conditions in which participants are arbitrarily assigned to one group or another. Social representations ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Other social identities can be defined more generally, tied not to any individual but to a generic group. Thus to identify as a doctor, for example, implies a shared definition with countless others, many of whom you may not know anything in particular about. Another defining characteristic of occupational identities is that they are chosen by the person (what is sometimes called an achieved status). In contrast, social identities such as ethnicity or gender are ascribed categories, given to one at birth. Social identities also differ in the status or value that is attached to them. In Table I, for example, the stigmatized identities stand apart from the other types of social identity, all of which are typically regarded more positively. In the original study that defined the categories presented in Table I, gender was clustered together with other relationship identities in the final statistical solution. Certainly it is true that many relationships are gendered in their definition and implications (as are many occupations as well). However, because of the importance and centrality of gender in our lives, it is often considered as a category in itself. Similarly, sexual orientation can be classified as one form of a relationship identity, but it often has greater prominence than other ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 32.
  • 33. Comparing The Lenses Of Personal And Social Identity How is it for you to see yourself through both a personal and social identity perspective? How did your Cultural Chest increase your understanding? In comparing the lenses of personal and social identities, it is interesting to note the role that other people play in influencing social conceptions as compared to those which are inwardly shaped. In relation to Tatum's reference to Charles Cooley, considering my social identity made it clear that "people are in the mirror in which [I see myself]" (Tatum, 2003, p. 9). However, I also found that these "people" were not as welcome when it came to my personal perspective. When I constructed my Cultural Chest, the outside of my box was predominantly limited to observations rooted in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... How did it feel to listen to those in class? How do you feel about your sense of comfort and trust in the group? Listening to others in class was both connecting and extremely comforting because of the sense of familial transparency that ensued. Each presentation came off as authentic, and it was clear that there were many details and experiences shared that normally would have been glossed over– or simply omitted– in other class settings. In experiencing this, my sense of comfort and trust in the group increased tenfold. Despite the fact that the majority of us do not yet know many details about each other, we haven't been interacting like this is the case. With this group, I feel increasingly comfortable and as though I can trust that my experiences will be respectfully processed and remain private when our dialogue ends. When was the first time you experienced this thing called race? What happened? Describe the circumstances and the reactions of other people around you. Ex. Parents, friends, siblings. What were your feelings? When I was six years old, a highly unfortunate case of lice prompted my mother and her boyfriend to drive me to Supercuts, hand the hairdresser a hastily cut coupon, and instruct her to chop all of my waist–length, curly hair off. While this was– and continues ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 34.
  • 35. Social Identity Theory Paper groups therefore prefer acquiescence to disagreement and compromise to conflict" (Forsyth, pg. 83). For example, we obliged to do what my captain asks and expect us to follow his orders, we cannot really complain or disagree since we are supposed to work together as a team. My group exemplified the social identity theory by working together and giving feedback to each other. In the textbook, the author wrote about the social identity theory, "A theoretical analysis of group processes and intergroup relations that assumes groups influence their members' self–concepts and self–esteem, particularly when individuals categorize themselves as group members and identify with the group" (Forsyth, pg. 88). My team works together and we tend to give each other feedback. So that way we can improve and during the game, we often praise each other for doing a good job with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... 3. Cohesion, Development and Structure. The group that I am involved in with is very cohesive. My team is working hard toward a common goal, which is to try our best to win against other teams and enjoy a volleyball game together. So, I consider that my volleyball team is very cohesive. My team is a task cohesive, because we are committed to work together and to pursue our team's goal. Just like what it defined for task cohesion, "Commitment to working together as a coordinated unit in the pursuit of group goals" (Forsyth, pg. 144). As time passed, we have gotten a lot closer and more cohesive. We did pass most of the stages as I am typing up this essay. We have passed the stage of forming. According to the textbook, the author stated, "After the initial inhibitions subside, group members typically begin exchanging information about themselves and their goals. To better understand and relate to the group, individual members gather information about their leaders' and members; personality characteristics, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 36.
  • 37. Social Identity In Lord Of The Flies Individuals have the basic need to belong and feel connected with the social world, which stimulates friendship and peer group formation (Ellis & Zarbatany, 2007). Social identity theory suggests that our self–identification is shaped by social context and based on our identification with the group, rather than individual traits (Hornsey, 2008). Moreover, self–categorization theory allows us to construct group identification, give us social information to categorize in–group and out–group members, and ensure group processing (Hornsey, 2008). As children approach to adolescent, the relationship with peer group becomes the primary form of socialization; therefore, the interaction with peers emphasizes the role of social support, friendship, social ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Moreover, peer socialization contributes to central group status, values group identification, and emphasizes on group acceptance (Ellis & Zarbatany, 2007). Therefore, children are able to self– select their own social group and construct their social identity through exploring all possible group at very young age of life (Harris, 1995). On the other hand, children with different ages hold different values when defining their own social groups (Ellis & Zarbatany, 2007). Specifically, young children define groups on the basis of common actives and social behavior, whereas older adolescents emphasize on the role of social comparison, motivates to increase one's self–esteem, and maintain a positive self–evaluation through group processing (Harris, 1995). Evidently, the boys select their own social groups that fit them the most based on observable characteristics, interests, and traits (Golding, 1962). As the result, they tend to hold different values and form different social groups based on their need for group distinction (Golding, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 38.
  • 39. Example Of Social Identity Theory Few people are going to openly admit to being prejudice against people of other races, gender, and religions. However that doesn't stop many of us from having unintentional racist thoughts. In 1979, Henri Tajfel, a social psychologist, proposed that "the groups which people belonged to are an important source of pride and self–esteem. Groups give us a sense of social identity: a sense of belonging to the social world." This ideal of categorizing and subconsciously labeling ourselves is better known as "Social Identity Theory". Tajfel continues by saying "In order to increase our self– image we enhance the status of the group to which we belong. For example, England is the best country in the world! We can also increase our self–image by discriminating and holding prejudice views against the out group (the group we don't belong to). For example, the Americans, French etc. are a bunch of losers! Therefore, we divided the world into "them" and "us" based through a process of social categorization (i.e. we put people into social groups). This is known as in–group (us) and out–group (them). Social identity theory states that the in–group will discriminate against the out– group to enhance their self–image." We all unintentionally discriminate against others that are in the "out–group", and by doing this we are excluding ourselves from certain religions, cultures, races, and even genders. This ideal of labeling ourselves can be traced back to childhood and factors such as where we ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 40.
  • 41. Argumentative Essay On Self And Social Identity Self–Identity & Social Identification "Most people are other people. Their thoughts are someone else's opinions, their lives a mimicry, their passions a quotation." ― Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (1854–1900) Irish wit, poet, and dramatist Each mind is a world. Who am I? What am I doing? Where am I going? These are questions that should arise when speaking of identity, a sense of belonging, or communal direction. It is ancient human nature to want to belong to or identify with a group, such as a family, culture, association or sports team. It is deeply embedded throughout mankind's history–tribalism, antiquity to today. From hierarchies, religious fellowships, political parties, military brotherhoods; to globally intertwined ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Nothing compares to the feeling of fulfillment you find in helping others. I believe that there is an esoteric language that is spoken amongst few teachers and students in the world of scholars. As human beings we are capable of astonishing feats. Individuals as groups possess the kinetic energy to create, up build, and truly effect beneficial change. The current situation in Ukraine has the potential to create a scenario that would affect every man, women and child living on this planet. The Cold War never ended and or tensions between the world powers have reemerged. We could perhaps be approaching the tensest moment in U.S.~Russian relations since the Cuban missile crisis. This is really frightening to think about. State actors, leaders, political alliances, people, have the potential to set off chains of events that could have rippling global ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 42.
  • 43. Limitations Of Social Identity Theory Introduction Social identity theory proposed by Tajfel & Turner (2004) is a theory of group membership and behaviour which has made significant contributions in explaining in–group favouritism, out–group denigration, competition and other interactions of an individual among social groups (Korte, 2007; Brown, 2000; Tajfel & Turner, 2004). Social identity theory can be defined as an individual's sense of who they are based on the group that they belong to through a process of self–categorisation and depersonalisation (Tajfel & Turner, 2004). In this essay, I will define social identity theory through its three mental processes involved in group evaluation which are: social identification which is a process whereby we are placed into certain ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... For example, a female individual who believes in feminism will most likely identify higher with a group of feminists than a group of females that are ant–feminist. This strength in social identification leads to in–group favouritism whereby members see the members of their group in a positive manner and see members of other groups in a negative or denigrative manner (Swann Jr et al., 2009). Through the process of depersonalisation. self–categorisation and group membership, an individual develops a social identity that serves as a social cognitive schema for behaviours that are related to the group (Korte, 2007; Swann Jr et al., 2009). Depersonalisation occurs when an individual identifies with a certain group as he/she adopts the group's identity wherein his/her personal identity takes less priority and he/she tends to downplay his/her's own personal attributes in favour of acquiring the group's attributes (Swann Jr et al., 2009; Korte, 2007). An individual constructs meaning of this social identity through self–categorisation and adopts the appropriate behaviour that is expected and utilised within the group (Korte, 2007). This further suggests that individuals have the tendency to display behaviours that the group they identify with displays even if it conflicts with their personal identity (Korte, 2007). Also, the more salient an individual's social identity, the more likely the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 44.
  • 45. Social Media And Identity Introduction Adolescence is a time where an individual's sense of identity starts to emerge, with an unlimited access to the internet adolescence are influenced by the content they are exposed to which in turn affects them in establishing individual identity. Nearly every adolescent growing up in the United States has access to the internet or some form of media and social media. In fact, a study showed that; 93% of adolescents reported belonging to a social media site, 72% access the Internet with a phone, 49% accept friend requests from strangers, 42% send friend requests to strangers, and 55% report meeting people from social media sites in person (Knowles, Lee, O'Riordan, & Lazebnik, 2014). The internet is a vast place and can offer adolescents ample opportunities to experiment with their identities. Six hundred adolescents were given a questioner on internet habits, of the adolescents who used the internet for chat or Instant Messaging, 50 percent indicated that they had engaged in internet–based identity experiments (Valkenburg, Schouten, & Peter, 2005). Furthermore, media use can directly impact an adolescent's self–esteem, which in turn impacts them in establishing their identity. Many are convinced that high self–esteem produces salutary outcomes and low self–esteem is at the root of personal and social problems and that self–esteem is an outcome of the identity verification process (Stets & Burke, 2014). The central focus of this paper is connecting media ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 46.
  • 47. A Comparison Of Identity Theory And Social Identity What is identity? A loose definition of identity is a sense of who we are. So how do we develop or define our identity? Do we define it by the roles we play; mother, father, priest, teacher? Or do we define it by what groups we associate ourselves with; republican, atheist, professional? This paper will briefly discuss identity theory and social identity theory and then review the similarities and the differences of the two. Identity theory examines how social conditions mold our identities and subsequently direct our behaviors. In other words, society influences the roles we play and we behave in ways that meet the expectations of that role. For example, a woman who has a child identifies as a mother and then behaves in ways that are acceptable to being a mother in accordance with the social standards she lives in. In addition to this, identity theory states that the self is based on multiple roles; the mother can also be a daughter, an employee, a sister and a tennis player. In identity theory terms, these are called role identities. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... So, a woman, when caring for her child, will likely behave in ways that are nurturing but, that same woman, when away from her child and in the presence of an employer, may behave in a more detached and reserved manner. Each person has a hierarchy of role identities based on what role is more important to them. When two roles are in conflict a person will choose one over the other. The mother mentioned above may abandon her work if her child is ill and her role as a mother is more important than her role as an ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 48.
  • 49. The Importance Of Social Identity Theory Humans are predominantly social creatures. We form friend groups and families. We join social networks and professional networks. We group into religions, nationalities, and political parties. In extreme cases, we even abuse others (Zimbardo, 1973) and conform to false conclusions (Asch, 1952) in order to maintain group membership. In other words, our group memberships influence our behavior every day–even in ways that we do not perceive consciously (Baumeister & Leary, 1995; Haidt, 2003). Social Identity Theory and Self–Categorization Theory Political behavior always involves social groups, whether these take the form of concrete networks and gatherings of individuals such as pressure groups, demonstrations, governments, cadres or committees, or whether they are constituted as large–scale institutions or imagined communities (Anderson, 1991) such as political parties during the 2016 presidential complain. When social groups are central to politics, then the psychology of the groups should be relevant to our understanding of political psychology. Social Identity Theory and Self–Categorization Theory does represent a major theoretical attempts to clarify the social psychological processes associated with group membership and action. This should lead to a good position with the group as well as contributions and understanding...thus people conform to their group. Social Identity Theory (SIT) developed from Tajfel's work on intergroup processes which focused on the of conflict ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 50.
  • 51. Personal Narrative: My Social Identity Identity is what creates us as a person, sometimes we even face some problems trying to find ours. For instance, I was wondering what my two personalities were, but I found out that I have multiple identities. First, is my social identity. My social identity has to do with my friends, family and social activities that I do on daily basics such as dancing, playing sports, listening to music, pretty much any activity outside my school and work environment. My second Identity is cultural which involves food and my music preferences, my first language, and my backgrounds and how I dress. Another one is my identity as a daughter. When I'm with my parents I'm a different person than when I'm with my friends because I believe they deserve more respect ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 52.
  • 53. Evaluate Social Identity Theory Lauren Thom, 3215788. Psyc 315: Social Psychology 2,046 words. Critically evaluate Social Identity Theory. Who are you? Who am I? These are questions that we all ponder at some point or another in our lives. As human beings we are seemingly inundated with the desire to classify and categorise. We are constantly defining and analysing the differences that we observe in the world, it seems only natural that we would apply this method of classification to our position within our society. More specifically, we want to understand our social identities and this can be achieved by acknowledging which groups we identify most with. Tajfel and Turner (1986) define this phenomenon of classification within a social context as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Human beings tend to see the group that they associate with in a more favourable light than the groups that they do not associate with. This is known as "in–group favouritism" (Turner and Tajfel, 1986) One explanation as to why this is done is that we boost our self esteem by viewing the group we belong to in a more favourable light than the group with which we have no affiliation. This seems quite logical in that we feel a sense of pride when our group seems somewhat better or superior to other groups. One could argue that this then inflates our sense of belonging in the world if we feel that there are others who share similar values to us. This then strengthens our resolve by essentially confirming that we are engaging in the right behaviours and holding the right ideals as we associate ourselves with others who feel the same as we do. This then leads them to strengthen our tenacity of in–group favouritism by rewarding our prejudiced behaviours. A positive outcome of this is that it can have a flow on effect to our altruistic nature as human beings and we would be more likely to help those with whom we feel a certain affiliation. It is in this regard that the Social Identity Theory can yield positive results through a framework of philanthropic behaviour and support for in–group members. The converse of this behaviour is that we see an increase in negative behaviours towards those with whom we feel have conflicting goals and essentially belong to an "out group".
  • 54. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 55.
  • 56. Essay On Social Identity Social media is often praised for its ability to connect people worldwide, but in reality, it is forcing us further apart; we are no longer individuals but are instead creating for ourselves a fake social identity. Nicholas Carr, author of "Is Google Making Us Stupid?" focuses on how reading on the Internet has made it almost impossible for us to do "deep reading." In "Just Between You, Me, and My 622 BFF'S," Peggy Orenstein looks at how social media has stolen younger girl's identities, and formed their sexual identity. Chuck Klosterman in his article "Electric Funeral" sees the Internet as a breeding ground for "villains" who feed off our primitive impulses to draw attention and fame to ourselves. These three authors have powerful ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... When Google was first created, its goal was "to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful" ("How We Started and Where We Are Today"). There is certainly nothing sinister in the mission statement, and undeniably Google has proved to be an essential and convenient part of life. However, convenience is the dominant issue at play here. Research no longer need hours to uncover; in as few as five minutes, one can have an answer, source, or image ready to absorb and spit out in whatever paper or conversation they might have. This is the type of fast pace environment that is negatively affecting us; we are conditioned to find our answers quickly. How many of us have actually gone to page 2 in an Internet search? If our answer is not given in the first few links, we rephrase the question in order to get the answer we need. We train ourselves to work fast and efficiently, and while that might be helpful at the moment, overall it is hindering our ability to think deeply about issues. This inability to think not only affects our research, but our day to day lives; we have trained ourselves to glance at an image or post, and immediately draw assumptions from it. Social media is designed to be simple and usable to all age groups, which forces us to simplify our posts, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 58. Social Identity Essay On Fishing As a female college student, I have many identities. Some identities change, others don't, but either way, they all have something in common– they are each known as our social identity. One person can have many social identities, just and many people can share a social identity. This phenomenon often creates a common ground between people who may seem completely different. Social identities can be anything for a lover of a certain type of music, sport, activity, or even just where these people are from. I have moved a lot through my years, but no matter where I go, I can always find people who share some of my social identities, which aids in feeling comfortable in a new place or situation. Saul McLeod defines social identity in as "a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... I know this may sound harsh if you are not a hunter, but to hunters, it is more than just killing an animal. It is retelling the stories of our ancestors, and providing us with the food God has provided for us. When looking at types of hunting that take place, there are many different forms. The most popular of which are deer hunting, squirrel hunting, turkey hunting, elk/moose hunting, and big game hunting. Big game hunting is most often hunting done in other countries. Many times, it is found on the continent of Africa, where people can big game hunt, where they hunt rhinos, elephants, lions, and many other animals. Each type of hunting has certain people who love that type more than the others. Often times, this itself is a big source of social identity within the realm of hunters. An important note to make is how hunting is an ever decreasing part of our lives. An article talks about this decline and mentions how "From 1963 to 1967, the first years for which Alabama has data, an average of more than 113,000 hunters harvested more than 1 million rabbits a year. [And by the year of 2015] only 15,000 hunters harvested fewer than 100,000 rabbits. (Dewitt, A Vanishing ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 60. The Components Of Social Conflict And Social Identity Theory Tal classifies this mechanism as sociopsychological infrastructure. It manifests in "collective memory, the ethos of conflict and collective emotional orientation" (p.1430). These are the mechanism that distinguishes one group from another. Hence the collective memory, the ethos of conflict and collective emotional orientation are what member of a group share, against the 'other'. A classic case of 'we' against 'them.' The question of how these operate from an individual's point of view becomes imperative. Social Identity Theory Tajfel & Turner, (1979) the proponents of social identity theory helped in the understanding of intergroup relations. Their focus was on the complex "interweaving of an individual or interpersonal behavior with contextual social processes of intergroup conflict" (p.276). social identity theory, therefore emphasizes intergroup relations (relationship of an individual has with his group and between an outgroup) and categorical distinction (what sets an individual apart from another outgroup) . Korostelina describes this as "the processes of identification with other group members" (p.23). Personal identities are consequently reflected in an individual's social identity. For instance, an individual with an Islamic conviction cannot be found in a church on a Sunday. Social identity theory holds that individuals establish who they are and the group they belong, basically because there is one form of similarity or another hence, by "categorization, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 62. Social Identity And Social Behavior Analysis Ever since the beginning of this exercise, I have been curious as to if there were any patterns within individual characteristics that change the likelihood of someone being prosocial or proself. All three articles deal with understanding the differences between prosocials and proselfs. The article written in 2001 establishes a difference in prosocials and proselfs. This research shows that prosocials, as compared to proselfs, will "simultaneously pursue the following goals in interdependence situations: (1) maximize own outcomes, (2) maximize joint outcomes, and (3) achieving equality in outcomes" (De Cremer & Van Lange 2001: S15). The 2008 article deals with the different behaviors associated with egotists and altruists. Building off the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... A self–concept or self–schema, the mental image or perception that one has of oneself, is made up of three types of identities, role identities, person identities, and social identities. Role identity refers to the roles we occupy, such as sister, friend, lawyer, etc. These can influence our behavior by establishing roles, therefore rules as to what type of behavior is expected from us in certain situations. This could be demonstrated as it relates to gender. We might notice more women behaving prosocially because they are mothers and sisters, who are typically expected to be more caring, and so to fulfill their role as "mother" or "sister" they will behave as a prosocial more often. A person identity is a characteristic that effects the way an individual acts. These are typically characteristics such as funny, kind, or nurtuting. Someone who holds any kind of characteristic that relates to helping will be more likely to display prosocial tendencies. Finally, social identities are characteristics about ourselves that we use to associate with classifications. This could be race, gender, or even religion. We can expect that someone who holds a social identity that they are religious would feel more inclined to behave prosocially because they feel as if they need to prove their religious identity. Overall, social identity explains that people will behave in certain ways to uphold or ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 63.
  • 64. Social And Social Identity Theory Originally proposed by Tajfel and Turner, the Social Identity Theory (SIT) can be described as the comparison between the individual self and the social self. More specifically, it is the individual's perception that is derived from their membership of a social group (ingroups and outgroups) or personal identities. The theory is divided into three different psychological mechanisms: social categorization, social comparison, and the tendency for people to use the group membership as a source to gain self–esteem. A theory is defined as a theory as long as it meets the two requirements: describing behaviors and the ability to describe/see the future behaviors of individuals. Since the behaviors of individuals can be based on the social ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Individuals tend to over exaggerate the differences between the outgroups and outgroups, while they exaggerate the similarities between the ingroups. The Social Identity Theory demonstrates reliability in that it provides an explanation for intergroup behaviors such as stereotypes. The theory is demonstrated within the study of Sherif et al (1954). The study was carried out in order to observe the creation of groups, attitudes, and the norms of the groups through group activities. Sherif intended to observe the reactions and attitudes between the individuals when there are two separate groups (realistic conflict theory). The researchers had 22 boys with similar backgrounds and boys in the age group of 11–12 years old. Boys were divided into two separate groups before the experiment began and the researchers used single–blind study in that the boys did not realize that they were participating in an experiment; the boys were there to attend a summer camp. The two groups were divided and each group participated in team bonding activities and the boys had created their distinctive identity as members of the Eagles or members of the Rattlers. Researchers created a game in which only one group benefited in order to create conflict between the two groups. Unlike the decent start in the beginning, the members of each group portrayed ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 65.
  • 66. The Impact Of Social Identity On Education THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL IDENTITY ON EDUCATION No one can deny the fact that United States is rapidly becomes a more culturally and ethnically diverse nation. If the information from The Census Bureau which projects that by the year 2100, the U.S. minority population will become the majority with non–Hispanic whites making up only 40% of the U.S. population is anything to go by, it is clear beyond any reasonable doubt that we need to prepare the coming generations to comfortably embrace this change (Great Schools Staff, 2015). The subject of social diversity can therefore no longer be ignored since as a matter of fact, its impacts are already here with us. Public schools are becoming more diverse, and both the teachers and the students are feeling the impact. Teachers should therefore be actively involved in preparing their students to be tolerant to this change and teaching them how to interact in a diverse environment. As teachers, we find ourselves in this unique position, charged with the responsibility of ensuring that every student feels valued irrespective of their social identities. Of course we too have social identities, we even experience situations where teachers show some elements of discrimination against each other due to their social identities, but as a responsible teacher, you should not allow this to happen around you, especially when you are in a position to make it right. I believe that no student at any given time should feel discriminated by me based on ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 68. Social Identity Theory In Racial and Ethnic Relations, Feagin and Feagin explore important matters of Culture and Ethnic groups to better understand the presence of discrimination and prejudices that we see in modern society. It is through their specific analysis of prejudice and stereotypes that we are introduced to this term called ethnocentrism. As they reference the definition of ethnocentrism made available by William G. Sumner, it is described as believing the group that you culturally or socially identify with to be central in society and all the other groups are only seen as something relative to the group that you belong in (11.) This term can be further investigated with the introduction of a psychology theory called the social identity theory. It proposes that discrimination is used to strengthen one's social identity and improve one's self–image. Basically, it further concretes the "us" and "them" (or in–group and out–group) mentalities through the attribution of negative qualities to the out–group. It is the presence of ethnocentrism – and the negative implications of the social identity theory that it relates to – that we can best understand and evaluate the structure and social experiences of those who are forced into the out–group positions. This term can be further investigated through the analysis of text from M. Butterfly by David Henry Hwang. It is through his parody of the opera Madama Buterfly in which Puccini pushes racial stereotypes through the actions of the character Cio ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 70. Identity, And Social Identity Social Identity Biography While thinking about "who I am", I came across many different aspects: Gender, ethnicity, religion, race, and much more. On September 11th 1996, I was born a female (sex) to a middle aged single mother, Betty Scarborough, at U.T. Medical Center. To this day, my gender remains a woman. Although there are many different races, I was born into this world a Caucasian (White). When exploring the dating world, I would consider myself as a heterosexual individual because I only have attractions to males. So, when I was born and in todays time I would consider myself a female. When looking through my families ethnicity, I am more Irish than Cherokee. However, I do have some German heritage through my father's side, according to my mother. Also, when looking at my religion, I would consider my self as Christian. My family went to church every time the doors open, this results in why I attend church every chance I can. I love being able to worship the Lord, and learn more about him. Also, some religions believe differently than I do and that is totally okay. So, therefore, I have a lot of Irish in me, and Christianity would be my religion. However, as a child, I would consider myself under the lower–middle class category because my mother was a singe parent of three children. She is an Elementary school teacher, which they do not get paid much when raising three children on her own. In today's time, I would say I am considered under the working class category because I make enough to exceed a little over ends meet. Being in the working class is extremely difficult because paying for bills can sometimes be difficult. So, therefore, as a child, I fell under the lower–middle class, but as a young adult, I unfortunately fall under the working class. During this time, I would consider myself as a young adult who lives in the United States. There are many reasons why I chose this category; I am between the ages of 18 to 30, which usually considers an individual a young adult. Also, being a young adult is the start of having a little more freedom than being a child. For example, at 18 you can are allowed to buy tobacco products and join the Army, but when you become 21 of older you are allowed ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 72. Social Identity Analysis As I explored the aspects of identity through filling out the social identity wheel, I was able to distinguish the elements which make up my social identity and make note of the ones which I was most aware of. Through this exercise I began to realize that my age, gender, and religion were all aspects which heavily influence my everyday life. I may not be intentionally thinking of these things during an ordinary day, but I deem them as primary aspects due to the fact that they shape many of my routine happenings. For example, here on campus I try to attend the church service at St. Paul's on as many Sundays as time allots. Luckily enough, a few girls on my floor are also interested in this so we often attend as a group. This heavily correlates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Coming from a town that did not have a substantial amount of diversity, I find it important to recognize that everyone's identity wheel consists of different combinations. In knowing this, I have learned it is important to reach out to others with an open mentality. It is probable to meet people who are not necessarily the same as you in all aspects when doing this; however, this can be beneficial and actually allow our campus to form a community in which people can feel comfortable being open with one another. This particularly happened to me the first week I arrived to school here. With all the chaos surrounding move in week things got to be overwhelming, but in the midst of it all me and my roommate were able to meet someone just across the hall. As we continued to talk to this individual, I remember thinking how much our backgrounds differed, but in the time, it did not matter. My roommate and I have continued talking to him throughout the entire semester. This just goes to show that although our social identities vary in numerous aspects, we were able to form a strong friendship that does not consider our differing social identities as a ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 74. Consequences of Social Categorization and Social Identity... Consequences of Social Categorization and Social Identity Theories Vernon Smith BA426 Managing Cultural Diversity vsmith003@regis.edu Consequences of Social Categorization and Social Identity Theories Introduction In the modern world, workforce diversity has developed to be among the most imperative elements. Many organizations including Apple Inc. and all over the world have employed diversity managers to help develop effective workforce diversification (Podsiadlowski et al., 2013). The increased interest in workforce diversity is not surprising. As organization move to develop organizational structures including teams and groups as well as multinational workforce, effective communication within diversified workforce becomes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... According to Bell (2012), the most probable outcomes of in–group favoritism in jobs is the hiring, promoting, and rewarding of members of the particular group by peers belonging to the same group. The exclusion of the members of the out–groups, the minority out–group members are sidelined while the members of the dominant group will be favored. In most cases, the members of non– dominant out–groups are minorities and women, social categorization often work hostile to them by negatively affecting their opportunities for jobs, promotion, attaining high–status job positions among other advantages that are open to men as well as for the Whites (Podsiadlowski et al., 2013). Non–whites and women mostly have insignificant power in the organization thus any favor they may get is less probable to disadvantage the members of in–groups. The existence of in–group bias where people will likely select demographically similar individuals is a clear presentation of favoritism, which can be damaging for any organization. The behaviors of the members of these two groups are often judged differently. For instance, a white who shows of being in charge is seen positively while a black which shows the same is seen as oppressive (Bell, 2012). With in–group favoritism, the minorities and women are at high risk of facing extreme discrimination in organizations, which could hamper their opportunity to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 76. Self And Social Identity Theory Paper When Henri Tajfel and John Turner came up the self and social identity theory, they set out to explain the value of understanding self worth. Every human as a desire to feel a sense of belonging, but that problem is not a simple as just sitting next to someone and saying these two people should feel connected. The heart of this issue is often psychologist greatest challenge in cure a person metal state. This paper will first look at what is self and social identity from a psychologist issue, than how the power of the gospel as the ability to change that. Henri Tajfel believed that the groups we belong to give us a sense of social identity. Those groups helped us feel a connection in the world which in turns lead to a feeling of self worth (Tajifel, 1979). The groups we choose not only shaped our image of our self but also had the ability to affect the way we act in the communities we lived in. So in essence with that definition one could say that our character to the world is perceived through the self–image we portray. To take this idea a step further the first idea helps to define our social image. Our self image becomes a bit more complicated. Its easy to get people to think certain things of us. Smile a lot and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Jesus calls us as followers to take up our cross and follow him. If we are to carry the benefits of this new image we have in Christ, we must also be willing to carry the weight of that. That weight comes from fleeing from sin and living in the image of Christ. The word repentance is found 75 times in the Bible and it means simply to turn away. Luke uses the word 25 times alone and when he uses this word, he is using it in the context of what we need to do when following Christ. Repent from our sins, than turn away from them. That means we must be willing to do away with our old self image and embrace the new that Christ has promised ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
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  • 78. Social Value And Identity Social Value and Identity My discourse community is one of a kind, and special, because we are all so close so we always know what's going on with each other. We also always have something to do every day there is never a day where we would just sit around and be bored. We also are all athletes, so we go to the gym and run basketball games and workout. My discourse community is important because we keep each other on the right path and not let each other go down the wrong road. If one of us has a problem we can help them handle it. It's also a place where we can tell each other things, and the whole world won't know because we keep things between us. This is extremely important because you always need someone to talk to you can't just keep everything to yourself. The type of people that thrive in my discourse community are hustlers this is because we are always thinking of ways for us to make money so you need to be able to come with ideas to contribute to our community. Self–motivated people thrive in our discourse community because you got to be willing to do things without being asked to. Another type of person that thrives in this community is someone who doesn't get pushed around, because at this time there is a lot of people mad with us for something that happened. So, when we see them in public they always are trying to start a problem. When that happens, we can't just let them push us around, because that would make us look weak so we got to be able to stand up ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...