2. REALISM
• Realism in the arts may be
generally defined as the attempt
to represent subject matter
truthfully, without artificiality
and avoiding artistic
conventions, implausible, exotic
and supernatural elements.
Bonjour, Monsieur Courbet, 1854. Gustave
Courbet.
3. IMPRESSIONISM
• Impressionist painting characteristics
include relatively small, thin, yet visible
brush strokes, open composition,
emphasis on accurate depiction of light in
its changing qualities (often accentuating
the effects of the passage of time),
ordinary subject matter, inclusion of
movement as a crucial element of human
perception and experience, and unusual
visual angles. Claude Monet, Jardin à Sainte-Adresse, 1867
4. FUTURISM
• Futurism (Italian: Futurismo) was an
artistic and social movement that
originated in Italy in the early 20th
century. It emphasized and glorified
themes associated with contemporary
concepts of the future, including
speed, technology, youth and violence,
and objects such as the car, the
aeroplane and the industrial city.
Giacomo Balla, Abstract Speed + Sound, 1913–1914
5. CLASSICISM
• The art of classicism typically seeks
to be formal and restrained: of the
Discobolus Sir Kenneth Clark
observed, "if we object to his
restraint and compression we are
simply objecting to the classicism of
classic art"
Jacques-Louis David, Oath of the Horatii, 1786
6. AVANT-GARDE
• The avant-garde are people or
works that are experimental or
innovative, particularly with respect
to art, culture, and politics. The
avant-garde pushes the boundaries
of what is accepted as the norm or
the status quo, primarily in the
cultural realm. The Love of Zero, a 1927 film by
Robert Florey
7. ABSTRACT ART
• Abstract art uses a visual language of
form, color and line to create a
composition which may exist with a
degree of independence from visual
references in the world. Western art
had been, from the Renaissance up to
the middle of the 19th century,
underpinned by the logic of
perspective and an attempt to
reproduce an illusion of visible reality. James McNeill Whistler, Nocturne in
Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket
(1874)
8. PRIMITIVISM
• Primitivism is a Western art
movement that borrows visual
forms from non-Western or
prehistoric peoples, such as
Paul Gauguin's inclusion of
Tahitian motifs in paintings and
ceramics. Borrowings from
primitive art has been
important to the development
of modern art.
Henri Rousseau, In a Tropical Forest
Combat of a Tiger and a Buffalo, 1908-
1909
9. ICON
• An icon is a religious
work of art, most
commonly a painting,
from Eastern Christianity
and in certain Eastern
Catholic churches.
The Ladder of Divine Ascent
10. FOLK MUSIC
• Folk music includes both
traditional music and the
genre that evolved from it
during the 20th century folk
revival. The term originated in
the 19th century but is often
applied to music that is older
than that. Some types of folk
music are also called world
music.
The American conception of "folk composition"
has often drawn on Afro-American music.
