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Corporate Sustainability Group 
STAKEHOLDER’S CONSULTATION MEETING 
November 13, 2014
Corporate Sustainability Group 
STAKEHOLDER’S CONSULTATION MEETING 
November 13, 2014 
AGENDA 
 Overview Of Vulnerability Assessment and 
Comprehensive Resiliency Plan for Critical 
Facilities of Bacman Geothermal Steamfield, 
Power Plant and Ancillary Facilities 
 Implementation Arrangement 
 Ways Forward
Corporate Sustainability Group 
PROJECT OVERVIEW
PHILIPPINE STATE ON CLIMATE CHANGE
La 
Union 
Tsunami 
Bulacan 
Taguig 
Negros 
Sorsogon 
General 
Santos 
Davao 
Typhoon 
Drought 
Sea Level 
Rise 
4th Intl. Housing Forum 
Oct. 2013 
http://gdis.denr.gov.ph/mgbviewer/ 
PHILIPPINE STATE ON CLIMATE CHANGE
Caloy (2006) 
Frank (2008 
Jolina (2009) 
EDC WAS HIT BY 24 TYPHOONS THAT AFFECTED EDC SITES FROM 2006-2013 
Helen (2008) 
Landslides (2009) 
Sendong (2011) 
Canlas Flashfloods 
(2006) 
Crising (2013) 
Jebi/Jolina (2013) 
Ondoy 
(2009) 
Caloy (2006) 
MIlenyo (2006) 
Reming (2006) 
Dante (2009) 
Santi (2009) 
Urduja (2009) 
Juaning (2011) 
Ambo (2012) 
Glenda (2013) 
Caloy (2006) 
MIlenyo (2006) 
Lando (2007) 
Frank (2008) 
Pablo (2008) 
Urduja (2009) 
Basyang (2010) 
Ramon (2011) 
Ofel (2012) 
Gorio (2013) 
Yolanda (2014) 
6 
Leyte Project (700MW) 
Pantabangan (132 MW) 
Negros Project (192 MW) 
Bacman Project (130MW) 
Mt. Apo Project (106 MW)
BUILDING RESILIENT FACILITIES
Conceptual Framework Towards Adaptive Resilient System 
Critical Resource 
Resiliency Planning 
Identify vulnerable resource 
input; restore ecosystem/natural 
defences; monitor ecosystems 
COMPREHENSIVE 
RESILIENCY PLAN: 
Ecosystem-Based Approach 
Disaster Risk 
Management 
Identify Emergency Response, 
early warning, preparedness 
and preventive measures 
Climate Change 
Adaptation 
Identify adaptation Options: 
engineering measures and 
natural solutions 
Critical 
Infrastructure 
Resiliency Planning 
Identify and reduce business 
vulnerability 
CLIMATE CHANGE & NATURAL HAZARDS
Critical Infrastructure Resiliency Planning 
Vulnerability Assessment of 
Project Facilities 
Comprehensive Resiliency 
Management Plan for 
BacMan Geothermal 
Facilities 
Critical Infrastructure Resiliency 
programs have been identified. 
Vulnerable Facilities of Bacman 
Geothermal Project has been 
identified and mapped-out.
Critical Infrastructure Resiliency Planning 
OBJECTIVES 
Determine and Identify 
the level of vulnerability 
of EDC’s critical 
infrastructures including 
its immediate 
environment to climate 
and change and major 
hazard and its effects; 
Assess existing coping 
mechanisms (if any) to 
climate change hazards 
and propose appropriate 
strategies for adaptation 
and/or mitigation of the 
hazards; and 
Enhance EDC’s technical 
knowledge to better 
understand and make use 
of climate information, 
and enhance relevant 
data and access to data 
for planning and decision-making.
BUILDING RESILIENT FACILITIES 
Pilot Site: BacMan Geothermal Project
BACMAN 1 PALAYAN FCRS 
Critical Infrastructure of BGBU 
PRESSURE REDUCING STATION VIEW OF FCRS AND POWER PLANT
BACMAN 1 PALAYAN FCRS 
Critical Infrastructure of BGBU 
BACMAN 1 SEPARATOR STATION #1 BACMAN 1 SEPARATOR STATION #2
Critical Infrastructure of BGBU 
BACMAN 2 CAWAYAN FCRS 
CAWAYAN FCRS CAWAYAN SEPARATOR STATION
Critical Infrastructure of BGBU 
BACMAN 1 PALAYAN POWER PLANT 
POWERHOUSE & SUPPORT BUILDING POWERHOUSE & TRANSFORMER STATION
Critical Infrastructure of BGBU 
BACMAN 1 PALAYAN POWER PLANT 
POWER HOUSE & SWITCHYARD SWITCHYARD
Critical Infrastructure of BGBU 
BACMAN 1 PALAYAN POWER PLANT 
UNIT 1 COOLING TOWER UNIT 2 COOLING TOWER
Critical Infrastructure of BGBU 
BACMAN 2 CAWAYAN POWER PLANT 
GAS EXTRACTION SYSTEM & POWERHOUSE COOLING TOWER
Critical Infrastructure of BGBU 
BACMAN 2 CAWAYAN POWER PLANT 
GAS EXTRACTION SYSTEM & COOLING TOWER TRANSFORMER STATION
EDC ADMIN COMPLEX 
Critical Infrastructure of BGBU 
ADMINISTRATION & LABORATORY BUILDING WORKSHOP & WAREHOUSE BUILDING
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
Typhoon Glenda Aftermath
BGBU HAS EMBARKED ON SEVERAL KEY PROJECTS TO 
IMPROVE RELIABILITY AND TYPHOON SURVIVABILITY 
34 
Reliability Typhoon Survivability 
• Palayan generator life extension 
assessment 
• Auxiliary equipment improvement 
• Hot well pumps 
• CW discharge valves 
• Auxiliary CW pump redundancy 
• Restore cooling tower N+1 capability 
• Replacement of legacy and obsolete 
230KV switchyard tie breakers 
• Future improvements 
• Cooling tower 
• Installation of RTM fan stacks 
• Design for 300 kph gale winds 
• Restored facilities to withstand 300 kph 
winds 
• Install geotechnical instrumentation on 
all critical slopes 
• Design and implement long term 
mitigation measures on critical slopes / 
access road
BGBU HAS THREE (3) EXPANSION PROJECTS WHICH ARE IN 
VARIOUS STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT 
47 
2015 2016 2017 
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 
2018 
1 2 3 4 
2019 
1 2 3 4 
2020 
1 2 3 4 
Bac-Man 4 (Botong-Rangas) 
Bac-Man 5 (Tikolob) 
Bac-Man 3 (Tanawon) 
Bac-Man 1 and 2 
MAP OF SELECT BGBU 
DEVELOPMENTS 
Note: *Capacities still subject to change pending drilling 
and discharge tests 
Source: West Bac-Man Integrated Resource Assessment
Worst Cases: Leyte Geothermal 
Tongonan Cooling Tower Unit 3
Worst Cases: Leyte Geothermal 
UPPER MAHIAO POWER PLANT 
CONTROL ROOM
Worst Cases: Leyte Geothermal 
Tongonan Board Room 
4th Floor
Vulnerability Assessment and Comprehensive Resiliency Plan 
for Critical Facilities of Bacman Geothermal Steamfield, Power Plant and Ancillary Facilities
Scope of Work 
• Stakeholder 
Consultation 
• Needs and 
Gaps 
Identification 
• Review of 
Secondary 
Data 
Inception 
Phase 
• Structural 
Assessment 
•Geotechnical 
Assessment of 
Project 
Facilities and 
Immediate 
Environment 
• Climate Risk 
Scenario 
• Estimation of 
Exposure 
Sensitivity & 
Vulnerability 
•Natural 
Infrastructure 
Assessment 
VA 
• Portfolio of 
Strategies 
(Structural 
Engineering 
Design and 
Natural 
Solutions 
Options). 
• Cost-Benefit 
Analysis for 
Priority 
Vulnerable 
Facilities 
Comprehensive 
Resiliency Plan
Vulnerability Assessment and Comprehensive Resiliency Plan 
for Critical Facilities of Bacman Geothermal Steamfield, Power Plant and Ancillary Facilities 
Proposed Methodologies 
Comprehensive 
Resiliency Plan 
Portfolio of 
Engineering 
Design and 
Natural 
Solutions 
Options. 
Vulnerability 
Assessment 
Estimation of 
Exposure & 
Sensitivity, & 
Vulnerability 
Structural 
Assessment 
Geotechnical 
Reports & 
Geo-hazard 
Maps 
Climate Risk 
Scenario 
Natural 
Infrastructure 
Assessment
A SEVERE WIND RISK MODELLING Climate Risk 
Scenario
Vulnerability Curve 
Building 
Type 
Estimation of 
Exposure and 
Sensitivity, and 
Vulnerability 
Building Description Number of Stories 
W1 
Wood Frame with Area ≤ 
500 sq. m 
Low rise (1-2 stories) 
W3 Bamboo Low rise (1-2 stories) 
N Makeshift Low rise (1-2 stories) 
MWS 
Half-masonry and half-wood/ 
steel 
Low rise (2 stories) 
CHB Concrete Hollow Blocks Low rise (1-2 stories) 
CWS 
Half-concrete and half-wood/ 
steel 
Low rise (2 stories) 
C1 
Reinforced Concrete 
Moment Frame 
Low rise (1-2 stories) 
Mid rise (3-7) 
S1 Steel Moment Frame 
Low rise (1-2 stories) 
Mid rise (3-7) 
S3 Light Metal Low rise (1-2 stories) 
BB Billboards - 
PT Power Transmission Towers -
Tree Architecture 
Assessment 
Landscape Function Analysis 
W 
Landscape Windbreaks 
Natural 
Infrastructure 
Assessment VEGETATION AND LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS
INTERVENTIONS SHALL BE DEVELOPED LIKE SHELTER 
BELTS FOR WIND LOADS FROM TROPICAL CYCLONES 
Design Factors 
• Design factors (tree height, 
density, orientation, width, 
cross sectional shape and continuity) 
• Nature of tree species 
(wood hardness, leaf arrangement, 
root systems) 
• Regional and local severe 
wind conditions and 
multipliers (topography, 
shielding and terrain 
roughness) 
Team: Forester, Engineers, 
Meteorologist 
Portfolio of 
Engineering 
Design and 
Natural 
Solutions 
Options.
Portfolio of 
Engineering 
Design and 
Natural 
Solutions 
Options. 
Landscape Windbreaks and Other Natural 
Infrastructure
PROPOSED TIMELINE 
PROGRAM OF ACTIVITIES 
TIME FRAME 
2014 2015 
November December January February March April May 
I. Finalization of Terms of Reference 
1.1 Stakeholder Consultation 
II. Pre-Bid Consultation 
III. Procurement of Services 
IV. Project Mobilization 
4.1. Project Inception 
4.2. Submission of Inception Report 
4.3. Submission of 1st Interim Report 
4.4 Submission of 2nd Interim Report 
4.3. Submission of Draft Final Report 
V. Turn-Over of Final Report
WHERE ARE WE AT? 
 Drafted Project Terms of Reference (subject for review) 
Consultation Meeting with BGBU on October 24, 2014 
 Conducted consultation meeting with Experts: 
 Dr. F.R. Estuar for Terms of Reference last September 30, 2014 
 Ms. Thelma Cinco of PAG-ASA for Briefing on Climate Risk 
Scenario last November 3, 2014
Corporate Sustainability Group 
IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 
FOR PROJECT TEAM 
IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT 
CLIMATE CHANGE 
RESILIENCY PLAN 
Vulnerability 
Assessment 
Climate Scenario 
Geotechnical 
Assessment 
Assessment of 
Natural 
Infrastructure 
Structural 
Assessment 
Portfolio of 
Engineering Design 
and Natural 
Solutions Options 
for Bacman 
Geothermal 
Facilities 
Implementation of 
Best Practices 
FPH CSG 
• ASEP 
•OML 
OEG & 
BGBU 
BGBU 
OEG & FPH CSG
Corporate Sustainability Group 
WAYS FORWARD
NEXT STEPS 
 Finalized the Project Terms of Reference (subject for review) 
 Engage contractors for each studies 
 Conduct Inception Workshop (Stakeholders and Experts)
Corporate Sustainability Group 
THANK YOU! 
Plan for Sustainability 
Projects should be designed so their impact continues long after the company’s involvement. Projects that focus on developing 
community skills and capacity or improving community incomes yield more sustainable benefits than projects and programs that 
simply distribute goods and services. Companies can plan for sustainability with communities by building community capacity to 
manage projects and encouraging links with other organizations. Companies should prepare to hand over responsibility for projects 
to communities, governments or other organizations once the program has become sustainable and self-sufficient. Setting a 
timetable to hand over responsibility with measurable goals and benchmarks is essential to avoiding dependency. 
KEY PRINCIPLES FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS 
IFC: A Community Development Resource Guide For Companies

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Nat solutions mtg with bgbu nov 3,2014 1finaldraft

  • 1. Corporate Sustainability Group STAKEHOLDER’S CONSULTATION MEETING November 13, 2014
  • 2. Corporate Sustainability Group STAKEHOLDER’S CONSULTATION MEETING November 13, 2014 AGENDA  Overview Of Vulnerability Assessment and Comprehensive Resiliency Plan for Critical Facilities of Bacman Geothermal Steamfield, Power Plant and Ancillary Facilities  Implementation Arrangement  Ways Forward
  • 4. PHILIPPINE STATE ON CLIMATE CHANGE
  • 5. La Union Tsunami Bulacan Taguig Negros Sorsogon General Santos Davao Typhoon Drought Sea Level Rise 4th Intl. Housing Forum Oct. 2013 http://gdis.denr.gov.ph/mgbviewer/ PHILIPPINE STATE ON CLIMATE CHANGE
  • 6. Caloy (2006) Frank (2008 Jolina (2009) EDC WAS HIT BY 24 TYPHOONS THAT AFFECTED EDC SITES FROM 2006-2013 Helen (2008) Landslides (2009) Sendong (2011) Canlas Flashfloods (2006) Crising (2013) Jebi/Jolina (2013) Ondoy (2009) Caloy (2006) MIlenyo (2006) Reming (2006) Dante (2009) Santi (2009) Urduja (2009) Juaning (2011) Ambo (2012) Glenda (2013) Caloy (2006) MIlenyo (2006) Lando (2007) Frank (2008) Pablo (2008) Urduja (2009) Basyang (2010) Ramon (2011) Ofel (2012) Gorio (2013) Yolanda (2014) 6 Leyte Project (700MW) Pantabangan (132 MW) Negros Project (192 MW) Bacman Project (130MW) Mt. Apo Project (106 MW)
  • 8. Conceptual Framework Towards Adaptive Resilient System Critical Resource Resiliency Planning Identify vulnerable resource input; restore ecosystem/natural defences; monitor ecosystems COMPREHENSIVE RESILIENCY PLAN: Ecosystem-Based Approach Disaster Risk Management Identify Emergency Response, early warning, preparedness and preventive measures Climate Change Adaptation Identify adaptation Options: engineering measures and natural solutions Critical Infrastructure Resiliency Planning Identify and reduce business vulnerability CLIMATE CHANGE & NATURAL HAZARDS
  • 9. Critical Infrastructure Resiliency Planning Vulnerability Assessment of Project Facilities Comprehensive Resiliency Management Plan for BacMan Geothermal Facilities Critical Infrastructure Resiliency programs have been identified. Vulnerable Facilities of Bacman Geothermal Project has been identified and mapped-out.
  • 10. Critical Infrastructure Resiliency Planning OBJECTIVES Determine and Identify the level of vulnerability of EDC’s critical infrastructures including its immediate environment to climate and change and major hazard and its effects; Assess existing coping mechanisms (if any) to climate change hazards and propose appropriate strategies for adaptation and/or mitigation of the hazards; and Enhance EDC’s technical knowledge to better understand and make use of climate information, and enhance relevant data and access to data for planning and decision-making.
  • 11. BUILDING RESILIENT FACILITIES Pilot Site: BacMan Geothermal Project
  • 12.
  • 13. BACMAN 1 PALAYAN FCRS Critical Infrastructure of BGBU PRESSURE REDUCING STATION VIEW OF FCRS AND POWER PLANT
  • 14. BACMAN 1 PALAYAN FCRS Critical Infrastructure of BGBU BACMAN 1 SEPARATOR STATION #1 BACMAN 1 SEPARATOR STATION #2
  • 15. Critical Infrastructure of BGBU BACMAN 2 CAWAYAN FCRS CAWAYAN FCRS CAWAYAN SEPARATOR STATION
  • 16. Critical Infrastructure of BGBU BACMAN 1 PALAYAN POWER PLANT POWERHOUSE & SUPPORT BUILDING POWERHOUSE & TRANSFORMER STATION
  • 17. Critical Infrastructure of BGBU BACMAN 1 PALAYAN POWER PLANT POWER HOUSE & SWITCHYARD SWITCHYARD
  • 18. Critical Infrastructure of BGBU BACMAN 1 PALAYAN POWER PLANT UNIT 1 COOLING TOWER UNIT 2 COOLING TOWER
  • 19. Critical Infrastructure of BGBU BACMAN 2 CAWAYAN POWER PLANT GAS EXTRACTION SYSTEM & POWERHOUSE COOLING TOWER
  • 20. Critical Infrastructure of BGBU BACMAN 2 CAWAYAN POWER PLANT GAS EXTRACTION SYSTEM & COOLING TOWER TRANSFORMER STATION
  • 21. EDC ADMIN COMPLEX Critical Infrastructure of BGBU ADMINISTRATION & LABORATORY BUILDING WORKSHOP & WAREHOUSE BUILDING
  • 33.
  • 34. BGBU HAS EMBARKED ON SEVERAL KEY PROJECTS TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY AND TYPHOON SURVIVABILITY 34 Reliability Typhoon Survivability • Palayan generator life extension assessment • Auxiliary equipment improvement • Hot well pumps • CW discharge valves • Auxiliary CW pump redundancy • Restore cooling tower N+1 capability • Replacement of legacy and obsolete 230KV switchyard tie breakers • Future improvements • Cooling tower • Installation of RTM fan stacks • Design for 300 kph gale winds • Restored facilities to withstand 300 kph winds • Install geotechnical instrumentation on all critical slopes • Design and implement long term mitigation measures on critical slopes / access road
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47. BGBU HAS THREE (3) EXPANSION PROJECTS WHICH ARE IN VARIOUS STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT 47 2015 2016 2017 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 2018 1 2 3 4 2019 1 2 3 4 2020 1 2 3 4 Bac-Man 4 (Botong-Rangas) Bac-Man 5 (Tikolob) Bac-Man 3 (Tanawon) Bac-Man 1 and 2 MAP OF SELECT BGBU DEVELOPMENTS Note: *Capacities still subject to change pending drilling and discharge tests Source: West Bac-Man Integrated Resource Assessment
  • 48. Worst Cases: Leyte Geothermal Tongonan Cooling Tower Unit 3
  • 49. Worst Cases: Leyte Geothermal UPPER MAHIAO POWER PLANT CONTROL ROOM
  • 50. Worst Cases: Leyte Geothermal Tongonan Board Room 4th Floor
  • 51. Vulnerability Assessment and Comprehensive Resiliency Plan for Critical Facilities of Bacman Geothermal Steamfield, Power Plant and Ancillary Facilities
  • 52. Scope of Work • Stakeholder Consultation • Needs and Gaps Identification • Review of Secondary Data Inception Phase • Structural Assessment •Geotechnical Assessment of Project Facilities and Immediate Environment • Climate Risk Scenario • Estimation of Exposure Sensitivity & Vulnerability •Natural Infrastructure Assessment VA • Portfolio of Strategies (Structural Engineering Design and Natural Solutions Options). • Cost-Benefit Analysis for Priority Vulnerable Facilities Comprehensive Resiliency Plan
  • 53. Vulnerability Assessment and Comprehensive Resiliency Plan for Critical Facilities of Bacman Geothermal Steamfield, Power Plant and Ancillary Facilities Proposed Methodologies Comprehensive Resiliency Plan Portfolio of Engineering Design and Natural Solutions Options. Vulnerability Assessment Estimation of Exposure & Sensitivity, & Vulnerability Structural Assessment Geotechnical Reports & Geo-hazard Maps Climate Risk Scenario Natural Infrastructure Assessment
  • 54. A SEVERE WIND RISK MODELLING Climate Risk Scenario
  • 55. Vulnerability Curve Building Type Estimation of Exposure and Sensitivity, and Vulnerability Building Description Number of Stories W1 Wood Frame with Area ≤ 500 sq. m Low rise (1-2 stories) W3 Bamboo Low rise (1-2 stories) N Makeshift Low rise (1-2 stories) MWS Half-masonry and half-wood/ steel Low rise (2 stories) CHB Concrete Hollow Blocks Low rise (1-2 stories) CWS Half-concrete and half-wood/ steel Low rise (2 stories) C1 Reinforced Concrete Moment Frame Low rise (1-2 stories) Mid rise (3-7) S1 Steel Moment Frame Low rise (1-2 stories) Mid rise (3-7) S3 Light Metal Low rise (1-2 stories) BB Billboards - PT Power Transmission Towers -
  • 56. Tree Architecture Assessment Landscape Function Analysis W Landscape Windbreaks Natural Infrastructure Assessment VEGETATION AND LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS
  • 57. INTERVENTIONS SHALL BE DEVELOPED LIKE SHELTER BELTS FOR WIND LOADS FROM TROPICAL CYCLONES Design Factors • Design factors (tree height, density, orientation, width, cross sectional shape and continuity) • Nature of tree species (wood hardness, leaf arrangement, root systems) • Regional and local severe wind conditions and multipliers (topography, shielding and terrain roughness) Team: Forester, Engineers, Meteorologist Portfolio of Engineering Design and Natural Solutions Options.
  • 58. Portfolio of Engineering Design and Natural Solutions Options. Landscape Windbreaks and Other Natural Infrastructure
  • 59. PROPOSED TIMELINE PROGRAM OF ACTIVITIES TIME FRAME 2014 2015 November December January February March April May I. Finalization of Terms of Reference 1.1 Stakeholder Consultation II. Pre-Bid Consultation III. Procurement of Services IV. Project Mobilization 4.1. Project Inception 4.2. Submission of Inception Report 4.3. Submission of 1st Interim Report 4.4 Submission of 2nd Interim Report 4.3. Submission of Draft Final Report V. Turn-Over of Final Report
  • 60. WHERE ARE WE AT?  Drafted Project Terms of Reference (subject for review) Consultation Meeting with BGBU on October 24, 2014  Conducted consultation meeting with Experts:  Dr. F.R. Estuar for Terms of Reference last September 30, 2014  Ms. Thelma Cinco of PAG-ASA for Briefing on Climate Risk Scenario last November 3, 2014
  • 61. Corporate Sustainability Group IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT
  • 62. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR PROJECT TEAM IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCY PLAN Vulnerability Assessment Climate Scenario Geotechnical Assessment Assessment of Natural Infrastructure Structural Assessment Portfolio of Engineering Design and Natural Solutions Options for Bacman Geothermal Facilities Implementation of Best Practices FPH CSG • ASEP •OML OEG & BGBU BGBU OEG & FPH CSG
  • 64. NEXT STEPS  Finalized the Project Terms of Reference (subject for review)  Engage contractors for each studies  Conduct Inception Workshop (Stakeholders and Experts)
  • 65. Corporate Sustainability Group THANK YOU! Plan for Sustainability Projects should be designed so their impact continues long after the company’s involvement. Projects that focus on developing community skills and capacity or improving community incomes yield more sustainable benefits than projects and programs that simply distribute goods and services. Companies can plan for sustainability with communities by building community capacity to manage projects and encouraging links with other organizations. Companies should prepare to hand over responsibility for projects to communities, governments or other organizations once the program has become sustainable and self-sufficient. Setting a timetable to hand over responsibility with measurable goals and benchmarks is essential to avoiding dependency. KEY PRINCIPLES FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS IFC: A Community Development Resource Guide For Companies