This document discusses doping control and prohibited substances in sports. It defines doping as any act that violates doping rules and can alter an athlete's performance. Doping is banned for medical and ethical reasons. The doping control process is described in 9 steps from athlete notification to sample analysis. Prohibited substances include anabolic steroids, beta-2 agonists, stimulants, narcotics, and diuretics. Prohibited methods include blood doping and gene doping. Athletes have rights during the process like having a representative and requesting modifications, and responsibilities like complying with procedures. Therapeutic use exemptions can be requested and approved for certain prohibited substances.

1. Dra. Yolanda Proaño Apolo
Doping Control Officer – OCD
Ministry of Sports- ONADE

2. Drugs or drug
 Definition
 Drugs or drug is any substance acting on living
organisms
 Medically it is a substance used in humans to prevent,
treat, cure or mitigate a dg or illness

3. Drug
 Pharmacology exercise establishes parameters for
rational use of drugs in sports, they are aimed at:
 Proper treatment of pathologies
 Prophylaxis of injuries
 Injury research performance
 Synergies between drug and exercise

4. Doping
 Doping is defined as an act which violates one or more of
the doping rules, they are able to alter the outcome of the
athlete in competition
• In 1966 the IOC medical commission created to start
fighting Doping
• Doping violates the ethical principles in sport as in
medical science

5. Doping
 The Medical Commission C.O.I defined as:
"The prohibition of the use in sports doping
methods and classes of doping agents included in
different pharmacological groups"

6. Doping Control
 Why is doping banned?
 Medical reasons: assault on one's health and damage to
competitor
 Ethical-moral causes: underpinned by the philosophy of
sport as sport disloyalty, becoming more important to
the average

7. What is considered doping?
1. Presence of a prohibited substance in an athlete's sample
2. Use or attempted use of a prohibited substance or method
of doping control process
3. Refusal to carry out checks after being notified
4. Failed to record information about the whereabouts of
athletes and controls breaches
5. Alterations in any part of the doping control process
6. Possession of a prohibited substance or method
7. Traffic of a substance or prohibited method
8. Administration or attempted administration of a prohibited
substance or method to an athlete.

8. Doping Control
 Substances used as doping:
 Anabolic steroids
 Beta 2 agonists gain of muscle mass and strength
 Androgenic anabolic steroids: testosterone with
androgenic action (masculinizing) and anabolic
(increase)
 Stimulants increase performance by blocking
physiological regulators
 Competitiveness, aggressiveness, attention

9. Doping Control
 Substances used as doping:
 Narcotic analgesics  suppress pain because it acts in
CNS
 A. Narcotic analgesia, sleep and cause drug dependence
 Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs pain relief, no drug
dependence
 Beta blockers  soothing action
 Diuretics produce urine output, used to mask
steroids, weight loss

10. Doping Control
 Prohibited Methods
 Handling of Blood and Blood Components:
 The administration or introduction of any amount of
autologous, allogeneic (homologous) or heterologous or red
blood cell products of any origin in the blood circulatory
system.
 Artificially enhancing the uptake, transport or delivery of
oxygen, (eg., Based blood substitutes, microencapsulated
hemoglobin or hemoglobin products), excluding supplemental
oxygen.
 Any form of intravascular manipulation of the blood or blood
components by chemical or physical means.

11. Doping Control
 Prohibited Methods
 Chemical and Physical Manipulation:
 Manipulation, or attempting to tamper, in order to
alter the integrity and validity of Samples collected
during Doping Control. This category includes, but is
not limited to, substitution and / or alteration of the
urine.

12. Chemical and Physical Manipulation
Intravenous and / or injections of more than 50 ml every 6 hours except for
those legitimately received in the course of hospital admissions or clinical
investigations infusions.

13. Doping Control
 Prohibited Methods
 Gene Doping:
 Polymers transfer nucleic acids or nucleic acid analogs (DNA
or RNA).
 The use of normal or genetically modified cells.

14. Doping Control
 Prohibited substances in particular sports:
 Alcohol during competition> 0.10g/l
 Auto Racing
 Air Sports
 Karate
 Motorcycling
 Powerboating
 Modern Pentathlon for disciplines involving shooting
 Bowling
 Archery

15. Doping Control
 Prohibited substances in particular sports:
 Beta blockers  during competition
Auto Racing Golf
Pool Wresling
Bowling Motorcycling
Bridge Power boating
Curling Modern Penathlon
Aerial sports Tyre *
Ski /Snowboard Archery*
Gymnastics Sailing

16. Therapeutic Use Exemption
1. Request a form to ONADE (National Anti-Doping
Organization of Ecuador) or through ADAMS (Anti-
Doping Administration & Management System)
2. Medical AUT full form and send it to you ONADE
3. When applying for a TUE, a panel of experts ONADE
the reviews and approves or disallows, according to
the case study.
4. The ONADE communicates to you or if you can not
take the requested medication.
5. You have the right to appeal that decision

17. Doping Control Process
 The steps range from the time of notification until the end
of the process control
 You will be accompanied at all times, with staff properly
identified the ONADE: Chaperones or Escorts
 You should carry your ID and / or sports badge, also if your
AUT have requested
 Minors must show their approval and be accompanied by
their legal representative

18. Doping Control Process
 Step 1: Select the athlete
 Athlete will be notified by a Doping Control Officer
duly identified on recruitment provider.
 Signing the notice

19. Doping Control Process
 Paso 2: Estación de control
 Presentación en la estación de control, portando sus
documentos de identificación

20. Doping Control Process
 Step 3: Choice of Kit
 Will choose a between kit that comes your way,
checking number and integrity of the container and
the urine sample taken

21. Doping Control Process
 Step 4: Sample Collection
 At least 90ml of urine is required.
 You will undress from knee to abdomen and from
hands to elbows to provide an unobstructed view of
the passage of the sample.
 OCD or a same-sex date observe the flow of urine from
your body.

22. Doping Control Process
 Step 5: Splitting the Sample:
 The kit chosen for collection.
 Distribute the sample containers A and B.
 Place the first to make the urine in the bottle B.
 Then fill the container A and let a small amount into
the collection vessel.

23. Doping Control Process
 Step 6: Seal of the sample:
 Seal containers A and B.
 Place in the respective cases selected again and Kit

24. Doping Control Process
 Step 7: Sample concentration:
 The OCD will measure the concentration of the
sample to ensure it is not too diluted to be analyzed.
 If it is very diluted, you may request additional
samples.

25. Doping Control Process
 Step 8: Signature Control form:
 You will complete the Doping Control Form:
 Providing personal information.
 Scoring substances you may be taking: prescription
medication, medication purchased directly supplements.
 Noting concerns or comments if you have any, about the
doping control procedure.
 Confirming the information, registered numbers and
sample code are correct.
 Signing and getting your copy of the doping control form.

26. Doping Control Process
 Step 9: Analysis of samples:
 The samples will be sent to a WADA-accredited strictly
confidential and will be followed to ensure your safety
laboratory.
 Your sample will be analyzed A and B sample will be
stored carefully for any subsequent checks if they were
required.
 The laboratory will send the results to the Anti-Doping
Organization (ONADE) and WADA.

27. Rights & duties
 Right:
 Have a representative and if available, an
interpreter.
 Request additional information on the sample
collection process.
 Request more time to appear before the doping
control station, for valid reasons (as determined by
the OCD)
 If you are an athlete with a disability, request
modifications to the method of sample collection.

28. Rights & duties
 Responsibility:
 Stay on direct observation by the OCD / passenger at all
times, from the time of notification until the completion of
the sample collection.
 Provide proper identification.
 Comply with the procedures of sample collection (non-
compliance thereof may constitute a violation of an anti-
doping rule).
 Immediately report to the doping control, unless there are
justifiable reasons for delay.

29. Thanks for your
attention