it about the my vocational training

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A presentation on vocational
training
HEAVY WATER PLANT
Submitted to:-
Mr. prateek sir
(Asst. professor of EE dept.)
Submitted by :-
Mohit navriya
K-10778 , EE-2

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INTRODUCTION
• Heavy water plant, kota (Rajasthan) –India's first indigenous
plant based on girdler sulphide process, is located on the
eastern bank of Chambal River 70 km from kota adjacent to
Rajasthan atomic power station (raps). The plant was
commissioned in 1982, with a capital cost of rs. 100 crore and
having capacity of produce 85 metric tones of d2o annually.

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• This plant is committed for pollution free and complete safe
operation
• The plant is operating commercially at high capacity utilization
and excellent stream factor with a team of 800 well-trained
employees maintaining harmonious industrial relations

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PLANT LOCATION AND SITE CONDITIONS
• HEAVY WATER PLANT (KOTA) is located on the eastern bank of
Rana Pratap Sagar Lake (R.P.S.) upstream of the R.P.S.Dam across
the Chambal River at an elevation of 388 mt.above mean sea level
with a latitude of 24º53’North and a longitude of 75º36’east.
• The plant site is about 64 km by road from KOTA city
• The only nearby major industrial installation is RAJASTHAN
ATOMIC POWER STATION (R.A.P.S.).

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HEAVY WATER
• It is a compound of deuterium and oxygen
• Heavy water, which looks ordinary water, is not radioactive and
hence dose not pose any problem of radioactivity
• Heavy water is used in the field of the nuclear energy as an
effective moderator and coolant in natural uranium based atomic
reactor meant for power generation or research purposes

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India has Following Eight Heavy Water Plant (HWP)
S.
NO
Name Place State Process Employed
1 HWP (K) Anushakti Rajasthan H2S-H2O Exchange
2 HWP (M) Manu guru Andhra Pradesh H2S-H2O Exchange
3 HWP (B) Vadodara Gujarat NH3-H2 Exchange
4 HWP (H) Hazira Gujarat NH3-H2 Exchange
5 HWP (TA) Talcher Orissa NH3-H2 Exchange
6 HWP (TH) Thal Maharashtra NH3-H2 Exchange
7 HWP (TU) Tuticorin Tamil Nadu NH3-H2 Exchange
8 HWP (N) Nangal Punjab Hydrogen Distillation

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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IN HEAVY WATER
PLANT

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• Electrical power to the Heavy Water Plant is supplied from the
Rajasthan Atomic Power Station situated nearby
• The power is received at the switchyard in the main receiving
station with a supply voltage of 220 KV
• The supply is carried up to the power transformers with the help
of Isolators & Circuit Breakers
• The power transformers step down the voltage to a level of 6.6
KV
• This 6.6 KV from the LV side of the transformers is connected to
the 6.6 KV main bus From here the power is distributed to
various loads through the 6.6 KV rating Lochs

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• This 6.6 KV from the LV side of the transformers is connected to
the 6.6 KV main bus From here the power is distributed to
various loads through the 6.6 KV rating Lochs
• All the H.T. motors (6.6 KV motors) in the plant are fed from the
MRS. The protective schemes for these motors are also provided
in the MRS

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CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM IN THE PLANT
1. Class – IV system: - 6.6 KV from the grid via power
transformer
2. Class – III system: - 415 V, 3 supply from the DG sets.
3. Class – II system: - 110 V , 1 A.C. from UPS.
4. Class – I system: - 110V , D.C. from Batteries

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MAJOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IN THE SWITCHYARD
1. POWER TRANSFORMERS
2. CIRCUIT BREAKERS
3. LIGHTNING ARRESTORS
4. ISOLATORS
5. EARTHING SWITCHES
6. INSULATORS.

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POWER TRANSFORMERS
• A power transformer is a device that consists of a coil wrapped around an
electromagnet that transfers electricity from one circuit to another without
changing the frequency of the electric energy. Although the frequency of
the electrical energy isn't changed, the voltage and current commonly
change when passing through
• A transformer is a static machine used for transforming power from one
circuit to another without changing frequency
• Transformer operates on ac supply
• Transformer works on the principle of mutual induction

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Types of Transformer
• Step Up Transformer & Step Down Transformer
• Three Phase Transformer & Single Phase Transformer
• Electrical Power Transformer, Distribution Transformer &
Instrument Transformer
• Two Winding Transformer & Auto Transformer
• Outdoor Transformer & Indoor Transformer
• Oil Cooled & Dry Type Transforme
• Core type, Shell type & Berry type transformer

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CIRCUIT BREAKERS
• automatic device for stopping the flow of current in an electric
circuit as a safety measure
• As the modern power system deals with huge currents, the
spacial attention should be given during designing of circuit
breaker to safe interruption of arc produced during the
operation of circuit breaker
• Circuit breaker is basically a mechanical device used to make
or break an electrical circuit under normal & abnormal
conditions

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Types of Circuit Breaker
• Oil circuit breaker
• Air circuit breaker
• SF6 circuit breaker
• Vacuum circuit breaker

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SF6 Circuit Breaker
• A circuit breaker in which the current carrying contacts operate in
slphur hexafluoride or SF6 gas is known as an SF6 circuit breaker
• SF6 has excellent insulating property
• SF6 has high electro-negativity
• it has high affinity of absorbing free electron

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How is it work ?

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LIGHTNING ARRESTORS
• A lightning arrester is a device used on electrical power
systems and telecommunications systems to protect the
insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging
effects of lightning.
• The typical lightning arrester has a high-voltage terminal and a
ground terminal

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EARTHING SWITCHES
• Earthing switch connect the live parts and line conductors and
earth
• Earthing switch is used to earth the live parts during
maintenance and during testing
• During maintenance although circuit is open still there are some
voltages on line due to which capacitance between line and
earth is charged. Before proceeding to maintenance work the
voltage s discharged to earth, by closing the earth switch.

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INSULATORS
• Electrical Insulator must be used in electrical system to prevent
unwanted flow of current to the earth from its supporting points
• The insulator plays a vital role in electrical system. Electrical
Insulator is a very high resistive path through which practically no
current can flow. In transmission and distribution system, the
overhead conductors are generally supported by supporting
towers or poles
• The towers and poles both are properly grounded. So there must
be insulator between tower or pole body and current carrying
conductors to prevent the flow of current from conductor to earth
through the grounded supporting towers or poles.

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Properties of Insulating Material
• It must be mechanically strong enough to carry tension and
weight of conductors
• It must have very high dielectric strength to withstand the
voltage stresses in High Voltage system
• It must possesses high Insulation Resistance to prevent leakage
current to the earth
• The insulating material must be free from unwanted impurities
• There physical as well as electrical properties must be less
effected by changing temperature

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MAJOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS IN PLANT
1. D.G. SETS
2. DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
3. H.T. MOTOR
4. L.T. MOTORS
5. UPS
6. ACVR

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D.G. SETS (Diesel Generator)
• A Diesel Generator (DG) is a combination of diesel engine with
electrical generator (often called an alternator) to generate
electricity. DG sets are used in places that have no connection to
power grid, and as emergency power-supply if the grid fails.

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ELECTRIC MOTER
• Anything that turns electricity into motion, meaning electrical
energy into mechanical energy, is called an electric motor

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Induction Motors
• Induction Motor is perhaps the most common type of electric
motor
• It does not have a commutator or brushes
• It is used in newer diesel trains, industrial applications,
pumps, compressors, fans, dishwashers, and countless other
things
• An asynchronous motor type of an induction motor is an AC
electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed
to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction
from the magnetic field of the stator winding

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How it works:

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U.P.S (Uninterruptible power supply)
• uninterruptible power source, UPS or battery and flywheel
backup
• electrical apparatus that provides emergency
• power to a load when the input power source or mains power
fails UPS differs from an auxiliary or emergency power system
or standby generator in that it will provide near-instantaneous
protection from input power interruptions, by supplying
energy stored in batteries

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"NO THEORY IS COMPLETE WITHOUT PRACTICAL,
AND NO PRACTICAL CAN COMPLETE THE THEORY."

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