The document discusses indirect speech and using modal verbs. It provides examples of direct speech and how to change modal verbs such as "will" and "can" when converting to indirect speech. The document also discusses using perfect modal verbs like "might have" and "must have" to speculate about past events in an uncertain, almost certain, or very certain way. An activity is included where the reader must change some example sentences into indirect speech.

1. Good morning!

2. 1
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•
3
• Indirect speech with modals.
• Practice reading and speaking skills to
speculate about the out-of-the-ordinary
• Perfect modals to speculate about the
past (p.102)

3. 3
Activity: Grammar. Answer the following questions to your teacher.
Indirect speech with modals
1. What is a modal verb?
2. What is indirect speech?
Speculate
about the
out of the
ordinary
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4. 3
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Indirect speech with modals
1. What is a modal verb?
A modal verb is an auxiliary verb that
precedes the main verb and changes its
meaning.
Speculate
about the
out of the
ordinary
1. What is indirect speech?
It’s a Grammar structure used to report what
someone else said.

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How to change modal verbs to indirect speech.
Direct speech
will
would
can
could
may
Speculate
about the
out of the
ordinary
Indirect speech
might
must, have to
had to
would, could, might, should,
ought to
(Don’t change)

6. 3
Activity: Grammar. Change the following sentences into indirect
speech.
Presentation
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7. 3
Activity: Grammar. Change the following sentences into indirect
speech.
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Perfect modals to speculate about the past.
Not certain
OThe dinosours might have been killed by a meteor.
OThe trees could have been destroyed by a fire.
Almost certain
OThe stone balls must have been moved using
Present a animals
theory aboutVery certain
a past event
OThe crater had to have been caused by a
meteorite.
OThe trees couldn’t have been burned in a fire.