Management Style Of The Joint Stock Company

Management Style Of The Joint Stock Company
According to Peter Drucker, one of the most prominent business gurus of recent times, management is a timeless, human discipline. It has been used to
build the Great Wall of China, to run empires and armies throughout history, and guide the development of the joint stock company, which has been the
key institution in the development of the joint stock company which has been the key institution in the development of modern capitalism. If there is a
lack of communication in an organisation there is tendency that the organisation will fail in achieving its goals and objectives more so, if there is
lack of encouragement in terms of motivation as regards to salaries or better still working hours of the employees are not suitable for them the level of
absenteeism will rise and recruiting an inexperience managers will only worsen the case. Organisations should be very careful when choosing the
management style in order not to create chaos within the employees and also chose a suitable management style that welcomes equality and diversity
principles so as to create a good working atmosphere and embrace all cultures within and outside the organisation environment. There are several
ways to correct all these problems in an organisation and for the purpose of this course work, i will start to address the issue one after the other and the
very first step to take in this research is from the structure of the organisation.
Organisational Structure is a formal system of task and
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History Of Joint Stock Company With Limited Responsibility...
The Company
Status of the Company
Joint–Stock Company with limited responsibility for development and sales of application software, information engineering, import/export of software
solutions and marketing.
Company 's Objectives
Objectives are qualitative and quantitative strategic targets, while goals are specific targets to be reached in order to realize strategic objectives.
Some objectives can be measured in terms of achievement at some future period, while others will always persist. Objectives differ in term of content
and the extent to which they are specific, but all have two common things: they express desired ends to be achieved, and they are expressed as formal
company 's aims. There are different levels and types of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These in turn will give direction to functional goals.
It is difficult to rank specified goals in order of importance, because that depend on the stage of company 's growth, situation the company is in, product
/market strategy, etc.
Both, objectives and goals will be shaped and updated each year.
The Mission Statement
This mission statement is a projection of the central concepts on which the Company is based. We are in the knowledge intensive software industry,
and our field of competition is:
*Application software in business (management) category is our core business and always will be.

*Other application software and other businesses related to our core business will be developed over the time to maintain our market position and
status as a growth company.
Overall
Our goals are to:
*Become and to stay one of the leading suppliers of products, in any category in which company chose to compete, but mainly in business category on
PC platforms.
*Grow to full potential, nationally and internationally.
*Constantly improve our company, employees, technology, processes, products and services.
Products
Our goals are to:
*Build and maintain reputation for the highest quality products and services in the business software category, and in any category in which company
appear on market.
*Rely on creativity, innovation and implementation

What Makes The Corporation So Special?
The modern corporation is a marvel to behold and is one of the most fascinating inventions by man. What makes the corporation so special is that it
allows for the risk of a business venture to be spread and cooperatively held. In contrast, prior to the formation of corporations, the risks of business
ventures were shared among a few individuals. However, what corporations have achieved that partnerships could not is immense size due to increases
of capital. As mentioned previously, the corporation allows for distribution of risks among its stockholders. Furthermore, management and ownership
are separated under the corporate structure. The notion of a separation between management and ownership allows for the corporation to put into the...
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Like the stewards of a rich man, they are apt to consider attention to small matters as not for their master's honour, and very easily give themselves a
dispensation from having it. Negligence and profusion, therefore, must always prevail, more or less, in the management of the affairs of such a
company." (WN, 233)
Smith believes that because the directors of the company do not have their own fortunes at stake, they are less likely to be anxious regarding the
performance of the firm. This is mostly attributed to the nature of joint–stock companies, in which the pool of risk is transferred among a larger
portion of individuals where as in private companies (or co–partners for Smith) the risk lies on several individuals.
Additionally, Smith intuited that all joint stock companies were likely to fail if they were not supported by state monopolies:
Without a monopoly, however, ajoint stock company, it would appear from experience, cannot long carry on any branch of foreign trade. To buy in one
market, in order to sell, with profit, in another, when there are many competitors in both; to watch over, not only the occasional variations in the
demand, but the much greater and more frequent variations in the competition, or in the supply which that demand is likely to get from

Case Study of Danone
Entry mode dynamics 2: strategic alliance partners Case 12.1 Danone's affair in China As of 2007, Danone, the French multinational food company,
was in a п¬Ѓerce battle with China–based Wahaha Group (the largest beverage producer in China) to win control of their joint ventures (JVs) in China.
The п¬Ѓght is reported to have started in 2005 when Danone uncovered some unusual п¬Ѓnancial п¬Ѓgures at the JVs, but this did not become known
to the public until 2007, when Danone and Wahaha Group failed to resolve their disputes on the selling price of Wahaha–related non–joint ventures
(non–JVs). The quarrel between Danone and Wahaha Group has escalated. It involves disputes on brands, as well as on perceived unequal
commitments to the JVs. Lawsuits... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This initial setback with dairy products drove Danone to copy in China the alliance strategy used with great success to expand into Italy and Spain in
the 1980s. Danone decided to capitalize successful local businesses rather than build its own businesses from scratch, resulting in a strong focus on
joint ventures and acquisitions. Unlike most multinationals, Danone gave these acquired local businesses a great deal of autonomy. The joint ventures
and acquired п¬Ѓrms continued to sell their products under their own brands. Until late 2002, 80 per cent of Danone's sales in China were under local
brands. Furthermore, Danone let the former executives run the businesses and didn't get involved much in daily operations. In fact, Danone functioned
more like a capital investor, linking its joint ventures through capital investment rather than joint products. This expansion strategy in China worked
very well. In 2001, Danone had become one of the largest food concerns in China, with $1.2 billion in sales, more than 50 plants and around 25,000
employees.14 Accounting for 9 per cent of Danone's international sales in 2003, China became Danone's third largest

The East India Company
The East India Company was a British joint–stock company establish on the 31st of December, 1600 under the original name 'The Company of
Merchants of London trading into the East Indies.' Over the next hundreds of years the Company set a sail attempting to find riches in trade on their
journeys to these new lands. They found value in crops such as indigo, salt, cotton, silk, opium and other cash crops that the barren land of Europe
lacked. This would be the company that would set sail to the land of India and dominate its soil from the middle of 1700's to the middle of the 1800's.
In a little over fifty years the East India Company was transformed from a body of traders controlling a scattered group of commercial settlements
round the coasts of India into the rulers of provinces with a population popularly supposed in Britain to contain fifty or sixty million inhabitants. The
Company was able to find its growth and power from wealthy merchants and aristocrats that would invest their money into the Company after seeing
how successful they were becoming. A healthy amount of these wealthy investors were part of the British Parliament. This intertwined government
views and beliefs with the business side of views and beliefs. With more and more backing though, the Company slowly grew a ship or two every
now and then until they were a full fleet of trade ships moving massive amounts of crops. Colonies were eventually set up and the land was taken for
the new Englishmen, who

Essay On Joint Stock Company
The company form of business ownership has become very popular in modern business on account of its several advantages.
Following are the advantages of Joint Stock Company
1. Large capital resources
A company can secure large capital compared to a sole trader or partnership. A jointstock company has widespread appeal to the investors of all the
types. Its capital is divided into shares of small value so that the people with limited means can also buy them. There is no limit on the number of
shareholders in a public company. In addition, a company can borrow from banks to a large extent due to its high credit standing and also issue
debentures to public
2. Limited Liability
The liability of members in a company form of organization is limited to the unpaid amount on the face value of shares held
In company limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the unpaid value of the shares. For example, if the face value of a share in a
company is Rs. 100 and a member has already paid Rs. 70per share, he can be called upon to pay not more than Rs. 30 per share during the lifetime of
the company.
The limited liability encourages many persons to invest in shares of joint stock companies. In the case of a company limited by guarantee, his liability
is restricted to the amount that he has guaranteed to contribute in the event of winding up of the company.
3. Perpetual succession
When a company is incorporated, it becomes a separate legal entity. A company has perpetual

Essay On Wells Fargo
My paper covers the financial impact Wells Fargo & Co. held in a post gold rush economy as well as the key their survival after the California crash of
1855. These factors are significant in pre–civil by illustrating how the industrialization and economic fortune of various joint–stock companies unified
the states prior to the War of Northern Aggression. How the company's founders sharply dealt with the issues that closed the door for hundreds of
competitors illustrates the drive and American business spirit still seen today; without Wells FargoCalifornia, in its new statehood would have faced
economic ruin and a great loss in the settle population.
Wells, Fargo & Co. came into America in the age of economic boom and westward expansion, and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1854 California suffered a serve drought which crippled the ability to mine for gold. Without the income mining provided the California
economy spiraled. In February of 1855 Page, Bacon & Company bank failed taking with it, Adams Express Company. Over two hundred companies
failed in direct response to the Panic of 1855. Wells Fargo & Co. remained behind the top three banks from its opening until 1855; the two
leading:,Page, Bacon & Company and the Adams Express Company both fell victim to speculation and faced runs to withdrawal deposits at such
values the corporations could never pay back. Wells Fargo & Co. received financial backing from a parent–type corporation in the East, American
Express. This backing in the East allowed Wells Fargo to close and shortly thereafter reopen their doors after the realignment of investments. Due to this
approach Wells Fargo remained the only, large–scale bank in the West and gained notoriety as a trust worthy business. Initially I began my research
paper by delving into general Pony Express history, however, when writing the first proposal I noticed difficulty finding a significant amount solid
primary sources. In the individual meeting with Dr. Narrett he confirmed my growing suspicion and suggested I look further into the Wells Fargo
component of the Pony Express. Taking his idea and

Industry And Marketing Strategy Analysis: Phu Nhuan...
INDUSTRY AND COMPANY STRATEGY ANALYSIS
I.COMPANY BACKGROUND
1.Establishment
Phu Nhuan Jewelry Joint Stock Company (prematurally Phu Nhuan Jewelry Trading Store) was founded in 1988 under the People's Committee of Phu
Nhuan District. Four years later, the company finally become a joint stock company, and its strategy was to turn into a professional provider. PNJ
owns jewelry stores which have different brand names such as PNJ Gold, PNJ Silver, CAO fine jewelry and a wholesale trade of stamped gold bars
named Phuong Hoang PNJ – Dong A Bank. Additionally, PNJ is the leading brand name in the jewelry industry; in recent annual report of the
company in 2015, there were 194 shopping centers in 45 provinces cities nationalwide. Through years of development and operation, PNJ
achievements are spectacular such as ranking in top 100 Vietnam best workplaces, top 50Vietnam best listed companies in 2015 and holding the 19
consecutive years of receiving the title of High Quality Vietnamese Goods.
2. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Main products and services
The manufacture and marketing strategy of PNJ are connected with jewelry products including jewelry pieces, stamped gold bars, jewelry products
made of gold and silver (necklaces, rings, watches, etc). The trade is conducted through wholesale or retail trading or import/export activites. Besides,
trading activites of gemstones and valuable metals are available for manufaturing jewels. PNJ also offers diamonds, gemstones, precious metals testing
services for any individual having interests and needs. For expanding business operations and position, PNJ participates in real estate activites as

Shares and Joint Stock Companies in the New Economic Model
Shares and Joint Stock Companies in the New Economic Model
Elena Torlopova 1st year student
The faculty of International Economic Relations
Group 3
Maintenance * The main information about joint stock companies * Advantages and disadvantages of joint stock companies * "Blue chips" *
Conclusions
Introduction Good morning, dear colleagues. I'm glad to see everyone here. Thank you for your coming. Let me start by introducing myself. My name
is Elena Torlopova. I'm a freshman of the State University of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation. I study at the department of the
international economic relations. My aim for today's presentation is to give you information about Shares and Joint ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The list of blue chip stock changes periodically, but there are always those that manage to stay on top for years. Examples of the western blue–chip
companies are Apple, IBM, The Coca–Cola Company, Ford, Google, etc. In Russia blue chips occur mainly in the oil, gas, energy and
telecommunications companies. In particular, the blue chips include such companies as Gazprom, Lukoil, Norilsk Nickel, Rosneft, Sberbank,
Rostelecom, RusHydro, Polyus Gold, etc. These companies typically have leading positions in the RTS and MICEX. As you can see on the pie
chart 15 percent of "blue chips" belong to Gazprom. It means that Gazprom shares are the most liquid in terms of sales and account for 15 percent
of the total trading volume on the market. The second largest sales shares owned by Lukoil. They constitute 14, 02% of total trading in the market.
Sberbank is the third after a Gazprom and Lukoil amounts to 13.88% of sales of its shares on the market. Norilsk Nickel and Rosneft makes 7.56%
and 7% of sales in the market, respectively. And finally Surgutneftegas and VTB Bank constitute 4,82% and 4,28% of sales in the market. Thus the
total weight of seven securities in the index is 67%, which implies that it is these securities provide direction and determine the dynamics of the
Russian market as a whole.
Conclusions
We gave the definition of the concept of joint–stock company and it basic characteristics. Then we

Should Corporations Be Socially Responsible or Just Solely...
Issue: Should corporations be socially responsible or just solely profit driven?
Bibliography
Ayn Rand. "the anti–industrial revolution" from the new left: The Anti0Industrial Revolution, Penguin Group New Zealand, Limited, 1996, 127–151
Joel bakan. "The Corporate rise to dominance" from The Corporation: The Pathological Pursuit of Profit and Power, Simon & Schuster, 2005, 5–27
John Steinbeck. " The Grapes of Wrath: Chapter 5 "from The Grapes of Wrath, Josef Weinberger Plays, 2008, 32
–41
Milton Friedman. "The Social Responsibility of business is to increase its profits" from business ethics: A Philosophical reader, Thomas I.White, ed(s).,
Maxwell Macmillan Canada, 1993, 162–167
Edward Broughton,(2005, may 10) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(William Fray).
This made the corporation a separate legal person acting in its own rights under the law, this aided in the birth of a "companion" of the corporation
known as its invincible friend. This invincible friend is sometimes or even more often who corporations easily push the blame on when they run into
trouble. When in actual sense it is the board of directors or executives that make the wrong decisions and most times end up getting away with it as
they claim they were only acting in the best interest of the shareholders which is the reason they were hired in the first place. In the Anti–Industrial
Revolution, Rand imagines a fictional world in which he observes a young man in 1975, married with children and owes a modest home in the
suburbs of a large city having to get up by 4.00a.m if he is to be at the office by 9.00a.m due to the condition he finds himself in which includes; that
electric percolators are no longer produced, no electric cookers or toaster, private automobiles being outlawed and replaced by mass transportation,
bus delays and several other factors. He also had to bring his own lunch to the office since there are now far fewer restaurants around. He's
grandmother died due to non–existence of a "pace–maker", he has to obey the rule of having one bulb per room, his wife has

Financial Analysis and Market Updates Essay
Financial analysis and market updates:
Bull points
The company has a high PE ratio , which is the highest in the sector , net income and total revenue gradually increased during last 4 years , though
there was the financial crises
Bear points
Low estimated earning per share and low return on investment as well .
Fist week updates performance Dates 2010Openclosehighlowmonitor
1st Week13–17/0213.2513.91413.24.91%
News:
Second week updates performance Dates 2010Openclosehighlowmonitor
2nd Week20–26/0313.915.115.4158.63%
News:
Third week updates performance Dates 2010Openclosehighlowmonitor
3rd Week27/02–04/0315.0515.716.315.24.32%
News:
Fourth week updates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Fist week updates performance Dates 2010Openclosehighlowmonitor
1st Week13–17/0247.748.148.547.50.84%
News:

Second week updates performance Dates 2010Openclosehighlowmonitor
2nd Week20–26/0348.248.348.747.80.21%
News:
Third week updates performance Dates 2010Openclosehighlowmonitor
3rd Week27/02–04/0348.347.848.447.7–1.04%
News:
Fourth week updates performance Dates 2010Openclosehighlowmonitor
4th Week6–10/034847.948.447.8–0.21%
News:
Fifth week updates performance Dates 2010Openclosehighlowmonitor
5th Week13–17/0348.148.548.847.90.83%
News:
Purchasing price47.7
Selling price48.5
Overall change 1.68% UK Portfolio:
FTSE 100 overlook:
The FTSE 100 Index is a capital weighted index with 1000 as a base level, which was developed in January 1984, now it comprises the largest 100
blue chip companies, which represent around 85.67% of the total United Kingdom's market , according to FTSE it is also represent 8.21% of the total
equity market in the world. (FTSE All–World Index, 31 March 2010).during the past five years the index hit the bottom in mar 2009 from that date the
index is showing

Document Based Question on the Colonies Essay
Document Based Question on the Colonies The 1600's were a time of global expansion, and the search for a new world where people could start their
lives anew and have a say in the way their society was run. After Christopher Columbus's discovery of the Americas, countries began to send colonies
to settle and establish a presence in the vast and unconquered land. The English sent some of the largest amounts of immigrants to the new world. One
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Puritan people who came to the Americas were separatists who sought to establish a new religiously based community that could be immune
from outside influences. While the Chesapeake settlers came to the America's solely to grow tobacco and turn a profit for the joint stock companies
that sent them. These differences in purpose are evidenced by the lists of people who first established the colonies. In 1635, the emigrants sent to
Virginia by these joint stock companies were composed primarily of young single men in their twenties who could work on the tobacco farms (Doc
C). They were not sent with their families and out of the long list of emigrants, only 11 were women. This shows that the stock companies really didn't
care if their colonists established a community and were only concerned with making money. The New England list of emigrants however shows entire
families, most containing more then four people of relation, who made the trip to the Americas (Doc B). This is due to the fact that the Puritans goal
was start a community of religious families who would work together to be successful puritans in the eyes of god. This is shown through puritan
leader, John Winthrop's writings known as his В‘City upon a Hill' speech (Doc A). Puritans were more focused on the community aspect and planned
to use their children to work their land

Devil Take the Hindmost by Edward Chancellor: How the Book...
Devil take the Hindmost (A history of financial speculation) – by Edward Chancellor
Jason Murdoch
This book discusses speculation and how it has shaped the western world. The book spans from the Romans to Modern day but in keeping with the
theme of this course observations will be restricted to the pre 1900 section as much as possible. The book focuses on western economies as the Asian
world considers the whole stock trading for profit as being ruinous to a healthy economy. Individual profit taking does not contribute to the wealth of
the community. Oddly modern Japan is viewed as a western culture and its economic woes of the late 80s is a sign that that it fell afoul of the demons
of western capitalistic greed. (my portfolio is like a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Everyone bought railway stocks and often in quantities that were beyond their means. Most initial offerings were done at 10percent down the rest in
payments over the next two or three years (4). The not so rich bought shares on the initial offering with the hope of selling them in the first couple of
days and pocketing the profit. To float a railway on thestock market required an act of Parliament and all that was required was to offer shares to a
majority of the hose to secure the vote of the house. The Dot Coms of recent memory are our equivalent of tulips, railways and the South Seas Trading
Co. Proving that people don't learn from mistakes but just learn a new way to make the same mistake
The fiscal system is oddly matched to this topic of material culture system as it has no tangible artefacts. A stock exchange is not the grandiose
buildings we see in Wall Street or the Square Mile. Historically bars, churches and alleys have all hosted stock markets. The behaviour of the security
and future exchange traders is still the same shouting, waving and gesticulating that the Romans used. Well I can't personally attest for the Romans but
I can for the New York traders. One thing that was missing from the NY exchange when I visited was the old amex hand signals. These evolved when
the exchange floor was actually Wall Street and the jobbers conducted trades out on the street but the brokers were up in the offices in the surrounding
buildings. There

Case Analysis Of Royal Dutch Shell
Royal Dutch Shell Plc commonly known as Shell, is an Anglo–Dutch multinational oil and gas company headquartered in the Netherlands and
incorporated in the United Kingdom.Created by the merger of Royal Dutch Petroleum and UK–based Shell Transport & Trading, it is the second
largest company in the world, in terms of revenue,and one of the six oil and gas "supermajors".
As of January 2013, the largest shareholder of the company was Capital Research Global Investors with a holding of 9.85% with BlackRockat second
place with 6.89% shareholding.Shell topped the 2013 Fortune Global 500 list of the world's largest companies. Royal Dutch Shell revenue was equal to
84% of the Netherlands's $555.8 billion GDP at the time.
It has minor renewable energy activities in the form of bio–fuels and wind. It has operations in over 90 countries, produces around 3.1 million barrels
of oil equivalent per day and has 44,000 service stations worldwide. Shell Oil Company, its subsidiary in the United States, is ... Show more content on
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There are more than a dozen such cases in various courts all over India. Multinational companies have been complaining that Indian tax authorities are
arm twisting them to derive more tax revenue. In the earlier Vodafone case, the I–T department had sought adjustments of over Rs 4,500 crore Indian
subsidiary of Vodafone Group Plc. With Nokia, the department had slapped Rs 2,000 crore notice. Other companies that are facing such demands
include IBM and Cairn. So, Vodafone and now Shell's win is likely to be a big boost for all these companies.
"This is a positive outcome which should provide a further boost to the government initiatives to improve the investment climate," a Shell India
spokesman said in an e–mail

Difference in Societies of New England and Chesapeake...
"Although New England and the Chesapeake region were both settled largely by people of English origin, by 1700 the regions had evolved into two
different societies, why did this difference in development occur?"
For different reasons, settlers chose to inhabit the regions of New England and Chesapeake. The social economic and political reasons separated these
groups. This was mostly because of the different founding purposes; New England being founded on religous values and the Chesapake being founded
for financial reasons by Joint Stock companies. Although settled largely by people of the English origin, the regions of the east cost had evolved into
two different societies by 1700. The push and pull factors of the settlers coming ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Often the settlers lived to their twenties, but not much longer. In the parallel New England individualists were rare. Families, children and even
grandparents inhbited New England. The settlers brought over were educated professionals and skilled workers. In Chesapeake people had to be
constantly sent over to keep the population up and the colony successful but in New England educated traits were passed down in families so their
population grew successfully. New England's population was not very diverse though, and also did not have many slaves. Combining the different
reasons the settlers came to Chesapeake and New England and the types of people they were results to the societies that were constructed in these
colonies. Chesapeake was agriculturally driven while New England on the contrary had commerce and was much more business–like. Chesapeake also
had a few varieties in the levels of society. Small farmers held most of the population, then there are the landless whites, great farmers, indentured
servents and slaves. Because of the little amount of women until the 17th century, Chesapeake had very weak family ties. One in three brides were
already pregnant! In New England marriage was an extremely important key to their society. Their orderly society was based on religion, but was not
very tolerant. The Congregational Church could be found here along witht the General Court. Agriculture was not used much at all in this colony. Ship
building, labor, and

Public Joint Stock Company
Abstract:
In the name of God them Merciful the most Compassionate, I wrote this research to everyone want to successes and get a good knowledge in the
Stocks Issued by A Public Joint Stock Company (PJSC), I wrote this paper to every man and women and I put this project between their hand. I
discuss in this project the characteristics of the share, types of shares, negotiation of shares in more deep details, loan stock(Debentures) and the last
thing is the loss and destruction of shares and debentures. I try to collect as much as I can from the UAE Law. Finally, this project adds a good value
to me and I hope it will be a good paper.
First of all let me give you the definition of the company: Article 4: "a contract in accordance with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It only states that it is the property of its bearer. This type of shares is transferred through delivery. Its holder is the owner before the company.
3)Capital shares and enjoyment shares:
Enjoyment shares are the shares whose value was consumed. The capital shares are those whose value was not consumed.
Consumption means returning the value of shares to shareholders before the company dissolution. In principle, this return should not happen because
the company member has the right to stay in it. However the consumption of shares seems necessary in certain cases. If the company property, for
instance, decays with the passage of time such as mines and quarries. These companies consume shares during their life so that shareholders don't find
themselves unable to retrieve their share value upon termination of the company.
Often, share consumption is made through assigning a part of profit each year to consume a part of shares by draw. The shareholder whose share was
consumed receive the nominal value as well as an enjoyment share granting him a right to company profit and a right to vote in the general assembly.
4)Ordinary shares and preference shares:
In principle, shares are of equal value and they grant shareholder equal rights. The company statute may, however, stipulate that the company issue
preference shares granting preferential rights relative to profits, voting or liquidation proceeds.
Negotiation of

The Great Panic: Self-Reliance By Ralph Waldo Emerson
"The Great Panic" as written by "Self –Reliance" Ralph Waldo Emerson writes: "Cold April; hard times; men breaking who ought not to break. "In his
1841 essay "Self–Reliance," Emerson is speaking on the depressing economy at that time. There is an idea he uses of the joint stock company as a
metaphor for a society in which trade and universal greed necessitate the loss of one's identity as an individual: "society is a joint–stock company in
which the members agree for the better securing of his bread to each shareholder, to surrender the liberty and culture of the eater. "His panacea for
this problem was what he called the "doctrine of the farm," or earning of every necessity through hard work rather than trade or inheritance (CW, I,
152).... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Emerson's seemingly cold–hearted question, "Are they my poor?" could then be seen not as a simple refusal to help the less fortunate, but as an
affirmation that Emerson does not want to further the mentality of the joint stock company society (CW, II, 30). By helping the poor by giving
money, Emerson would be creating a type of debt owed to him by that person. The paupers would not learn how to be self–reliant, for they would
merely be a part of a different joint stock company, in which they still lose their individuality. Further, if joint stock companies caused the Panic of
1837 and put thousands out of employment, then what of society? Society, into which individuals of a civilized country invest, had also failed the
individual, taken his or her independence and "education" of the solitary, farm–like life. Emerson's solution is an extremely idealistic one. The "doctrine
of the farm" would necessitate a kind of starting over. As Emerson puts it, "nothing is left but to begin the world anew, as he does who puts the spade
into the ground for food" (CW, I, 147). Emerson's respective metaphorical use of the joint stock company are lenses through which we can understand
his individual beliefs and arguments regarding reformation of the individual and of society. Because Emerson's life and financial security were not much

Ibjectages And Disadvantages Of Dematerialization
Advantages of Dematerialisation
1. It is a safe and convenient way to hold securities.
2. It ensures immediate transfer of securities.
3. There is no stamp duty on transfer of securities.
4. Risks associated with physical certificates such as bad delivery, fake securities, delays, thefts, etc. are eliminated.
5. There is a major reduction in paperwork involved in transfer of securities, and reduction in transaction cost, etc.
6. No odd lot problem exists; even one share can be sold.
Annexure A1
Name of the companies
Group 1
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)
BSES Limited (BSES)
Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation Limited (ICICI)
Infosys Limited
Larsen & Tourbo (L&T)
State bank of India (SBI)
Wipro Limited
Group 2
Associate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The enactment of Depositories Act in August 1996 paved the way for establishment of National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL), the first
depository in India. It went on to establish infrastructure based on international standards that handles most of the securities held and settled in
de–materialised form in the Indian capital markets.

In the depository system, securities are held in depository accounts, which are similar to holding funds in bank accounts. Transfer of ownership of
securities is done through simple account transfers. This method does away with all the risks and hassles normally associated with paperwork.
Consequently, the cost of transacting in a depository environment is considerably lower as compared to transacting in certificates. In August 2009,
number of Demat accounts held with NSDL crossed one crore.
NSDL is promoted by Industrial Development Bank of India Limited (IDBI) – the largest development bank of India, Unit Trust of India (now,
Administrator of the Specified Undertaking of the Unit Trust of India) and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) – the largest stock
exchange in India.[6] Some of the prominent banks in the country have taken a stake in

Case Study Of Tien Phong Plastic Joint Stock Company
Tien Phong Plastic Joint Stock Company
Introduction
Name: Tien Phong Plastic Joint Stock Company (NTP)
Abbreviated name: TIFOPLAST
Head office: 02 An Da Street, Lach Tray Precint, Ngo Quyen Ward, Hai Phong City, Vietnam.
Foundation: May 19th 1960
Website: www.nhuatienphong.vn
Business description
Tien Phong Plastic Joint Stock Company, formerly known as Tien Phong Plastic Factory, was established in 1960 with the scale of 4 main workshops:
mechanical workshop, plastic injection workshop (Phenol), plastic workshop (Polystyrol) and the Toy Workshop. With the main task: specialized in
producing goods for children teenagers.
Although officially operating as a joint stock company on December 30, 2004 – under the business license No. 0203001195 ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The cooperation between the two leading companies will not only enhance both internal strengths in the future, but also contribute to the development
of the water supply and sewerage sector, the strengthening of economic co–operation and the strengthening of the relationship. friendship between
Vietnam and Japan. Total export turnover in the first 6 months of 2017 is estimated at $ 1.2 billion, up 12.6% over 2016. Through the growth
figures of the sector, we believe that the plastics industry will continue to grow. Considerable development. Proof of this is that Tien Phong Nam,
after 10 years of development from a headquarters and less than 5 hectares factory is now preparing to build more workshops with an area of 11
hectares ...

Callaway Golf Case Analysis
Strategic Report for the Callaway Golf Company http://economics–files.pomona.edu/jlikens/SeniorSeminars/harknessconsulting2008/pdfs/Callaway.pdf
External Analysis
Competitive Analysis
Callaway Golf (ELY) operates in the Sporting and Athletics Goods Manufacturing Industry Segment (NAICS Code 339920). ELY's operations are split
into five primary segments: drivers, irons, putters, golf balls and accessories.
Products in the drivers category include drivers, fairway woods and hybrids sold under the Callaway Golf, Ben Hogan and Top–Flite brand names.
Callaway is currently #2 in this segment, only behind TaylorMade (Adidas), with a 19.5% share domestically and a 21.0% share in the U.K.
Products in the irons category include irons and wedges sold under the Callaway Golf, Ben Hogan and Top–Flite brand names. Callaway holds the
number one position in the iron market, with a 25.6% share domestically and a 24.6% share in the U.K.
Products in the putters category include putters sold under the Odyssey, Callaway Golf, Ben Hogan and Top–Flite brand names. Callaway is currently
the #1 vendor in the putter market, with a 38.5% share domestically and a 37.4% share in the UK.
Products in the golf ball category include balls sold under the Callaway Golf and Top–Flite brand names. Callaway holds the #2 position in the golf ball
market, with a 12.2% share domestically and a 13.5% share in the U.K.
Products in the accessories category include golf bags, footwear, gloves, headwear,

Organizational Culture Aspects Essay
Organizational Culture Aspects
The impact of culture is very important when it comes to attempting and achieving personal goals and business goals. Organizational cultures are the
characteristics that are based on morals, values, traditions and personnel behavior. Values are very important because people act out upon his or her
values, and values channel behavior. Saying and doing the right thing are two different things and if managers are trying to set the culture they have to
set the example. Physical manifestations such as ethical codes or written rules are some ways the organization reflects its values. General Electric,
Lockheed Martin, Haliburton Company, Corporate Express, ACH Foods and Whole Foods are corporations that strive to... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Lockheed Martin uses The Diversity Maturity Model (DMM) to measure employee's thoughts and perceptions to a better work environment.
We all have heard the slogan "We never forget who we are working for." Well, that is exactly what Lockheed's mission is based on, "What's good
for people is good for business" (2008). Many companies are customer based and like General Electric they also "depend upon the imaginations,
intelligence and curiosity of its employees" (2008) to serve customers better. Diversity is accepted and welcomed at Lockheed Martin because they
rely heavily on teamwork. Ethical standards and behaviors are given to all from top executive leadership positions to every level at the corporation.
They have values they rely on to respect each person's individuality. Do what is right, Respect others, Perform with excellence.
Creating the right culture is not easy but there are programs that help alleviate conflicts. For example, Lockheed uses the internet base software
programs that give training on ethics and legal compliances. This type of training can address different topics such as sexual harassment and with
technology has helped many companies in giving training where there is no time for seminars.
Corporate Express Canada
Corporate Express Canada (CEC) has been voted in the top 50 employers of Canada for the last 3 years in a row. Having this prestige makes CEC a
very reputable

Corporate Disclosure and Financial Statements: a Brief...
Corporate disclosure and financial statements: a brief history
While the history of private enterprise is thousands of years old, a relevant launchpad to understand the modern corporation, and its associated concepts
of limited liability and disclosure etc. can be with the corporations of the 17th century.
Understanding the evolution of financial statements and disclosure in the private sector is critical to seeing the remarkable similarity between the
evolution of "Right to Information" issues in the private sector and the current debates on the same topic in our public institutions:
While the history of private enterprise is thousands of years old, a relevant launchpad to understand the modern corporation, and its associated ... Show
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The Limited Liability Act was subsequently passed in 1855. This introduced the concept of general limited liability for shareholders i.e.their liability
for the company's debts, if it became bankrupt, was limited to the amount of share capital which they had invested. It was felt important that the
company's creditors should be aware of the limited liability status of the company, and the requirement for companies to have "limited" or "ltd" in their
name dates from this time.
It was this 1855 Act which finally established companies as the major instrument in economic development.
After this legislation, businesses mostly fell into two categories:incorporated companies and conventional partnerships. The numbers of incorporated
companies increased steadily, in particular towards the end of the 19th century.
By 1914 around 65,000 were registered; by 1945 about 200,000
As early as 1877, The Economist was among many institutions who were advocating the imposition of a form of account on companies, to be adopted
for regular disclosure.
Numerous amendments and related statutory enactments

Types Of Setting A Limited Liability Company In Oman
Business set up process and requirement in Oman Establishment of Business Foreign companies and individual investors those who wish to set up a
business and run the operation in Oman must follow one of the following five forms such as Limited Liability Company (LLC), Joint stock company,
Branch, Commercial Agency, Commercial Representative Office. Limited Liability Company (LLC) In terms of forming a limited liability company in
Oman, foreign individuals or company investors need to find an Omani partner with a minimum 30% holding share where minimum OMR 150,000
($390,000) is required as capital in the registration purpose for limited liability company with foreign participation. It is... Show more content on
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Branch Executing is the purpose of the foreign companies and they may register a branch in Oman only to execute a contract with the government or a
quasigovernment body. The most important thing is registering as branch is limited to the duration of the underlying contract, but special dispensation
may be given without a government or semi–government contract in terms of setting up a branch in Oman. If the activity is deemed by the Council of
Ministers to be of national importance, in that case it could be allowed. Commercial Agency Foreign companies get the preference in setting up
business without commercial registration in Oman and running business through commercial agents. Under the Commercial Agency Law in Oman,
the agency agreements are formally registered with the Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MOCI) which is recommended. Commercial
Representative Office In the purpose of marketing and promotion of a certain company's product or service, a foreign firm may open a commercial
representative office solely in Oman and the representative office is not allowed to sell products or services or to engage in other forms of commercial
activity which is recommended. On the other hand, a representative office may sponsor and hire

Brief History : Wahaha Group
2.1Brief History: Wahaha Group
Zong Qinghou, born in 1945 in Hongzhou,China (Zhang & Van Deusen, 2010) identified a business opportunity while selling milk in the local school
where his mother taught. His idea was to sell nutritional milk drinks aimed at children which were not common during that period. As private
ownership was illegal during that time, he partnered with the local government (Liu, 2007) and created the state owned Wahaha Nutritional Foods
Factory, later Wahaha Group with Zong as Managing Director and eventually becoming private.
Over the next few years, with success in the nutritional drinks field, Zong began exploring other business areas ranging from alcoholic beverages to
pseudo–medicinal potions which were all ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Danone proposed a $450 million cash contribution (Bai, 2008) which satisfied Wahaha's need and Wahaha provided Danone an avenue for growth in
the Chinese market. By 2007, the JVC had grown with revenue of $2.3 billion and an increase from 5 to 44 subsidiaries. (Bai, 2008).
During Danone's partnership with Wahaha, they had also had joint ventures with other partners in their pursuit of growth in the dairy industry,
including Bright Dairy and afterward with Mengniu, two of Wahaha's competitors. This was a concern of Zong's and he was suspicious about Danone'
collaboration with industry competitors.
During the early years, although performance was stable, the JVC's growth was slow. The joint venture focused on dairy products and the bottled water
division which Danone controlled, barring the production of other nutritional drinks, Zong, unsatisfied, began creating non–joint venture companies
that were selling the same products, through the Wahaha Group, partly owned by him and partly by an offshore British Virgin Islands company
controlled by his daughter and wife. (Zhang & Van Deusen, 2010) These companies became the JVC's competitor and violated both the trademark
license and the IJV agreement (Dickinson, 2007).
In 2005, when Danone discovered the companies, they insisted on having the same 51% ownership they had with the JVC but when Zong refused, it
triggered a row of lawsuits, verbal attacks and threats to

Fcuk Connection: Pros And Cons Of The French Connection
FCUK FRENCH CONNECTION
French connection (also branded as FCUK) is a UK– based global retailer and wholesaler of fashion clothing, accessories and home ware. It was
founded in the early 1970s by Stephen a mark, who remains the chief executive; it is based in London and its parent French Connection PLC is listed
on the London stock exchange.
French Connection distributes its clothing and accessories through its own stores in the UK, US and Canada and through franchise and wholesale
arrangements globally. The company became notorious for the use of the "FCUK" initialise in its advertising campaigns in the early 2000s.
Marks introduced the French connection label in 1972 and four years later showed its first menswear collection.
Source:'FCUK', ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Fiscal policy is divided into 2 types and they are taxing and spending. And monetary is divided into three types and those three are bonds, reserves and
interest rates.
Fiscal policy
Fiscal policy is "The changes in government spending and taxes are at the option of the federal government." Source: ICBT HANDOUTS
Each year governments raise and spend huge amounts of money. The UK government's estimates for 2008 for an example suggest that the government
spending will be about ВЈ618 billon and is to be allocated in a manner, this spending will be funded mainly from taxations( direct and indirect) and
national insurance contributions. Fiscal policy involves the use of changes in government spending and taxations to influence the level and
composition of aggregate demand in the economy.
Fiscal Policy involves the use of changes in government spending and taxations to influence the level and composition and aggregate demand in the
economic and giving the amount involve is clearly as important implications for business
Fiscal policy involves
1.taxation and other sources of income
2.government spending

3.borrowing whenever spending exceeds

Traphaco Case Study
5/The history of Traphaco Corporation: JSC TRAPHACO precursor drug production group Health Department of Railways was founded on
November 28th ,1972 , with the task of producing serum, fluids, distilled water for the hospital service in the railway industry period of resistance
against American On June 1st, 1993 Pharmaceutical Factory Railways (trade name RAPHACO) operate independently under Decree 388 of the
Government. Number of initial working capital of 278 million with a team of over 100 employees. In 1994, the Railways pharmaceutical factory was
renamed Pharma and medical device supplies the Ministry of Transport (trade name TRAPHACO). Under Decision No 2566/1999 / QD–BGTVT of
the Minister of Transport was transforming state... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Total operating revenue461.785 515.697 415.034 435.372 292.172 The deduction from revenue689 899 1,668 5.343 1,565 Net sales461.095 514.798
413.365 430.030 290.607 Cost of goods sold249.944 289.284 220.394 247.178 178.071 Gross profit211.152 225.514 192.971 182.852 112.536
Revenue from financial operations2.536 2,080 1,492 714 1,463 Financial expenses18.262 36.798 5.761 1.292 1.432 In which: interest expenses508
749 778 987 1,400 Cost of sales104.786 89.843 94.032 89.110 58.671 Enterprise Cost Management35.951 36.951 33.172 33.840 24.347 Net profit from
operations54.690 64.001 61.498 59.325 29.548 Other income735 1,428 742 774 532 Other costs–166 4.249 222 5 3,056 Other profit902 –2.821 520
769 –2.523 Profit or loss from associated companies93 423 19 120 29 Total profit before tax55.684 61.602 62.036 60.214 27.054 Current tax
expense9.684 16.849 11.689 13.487 6.099 Deferred tax expenses266 –502 105 537 –467 Income tax expense9,950 16.347 11,794 14.024 5.631
Interests of minority shareholders6.140 2.983 7.035 5.187 2.340 Profit after corporate income tax39.593 42.272 43.207 41.002

Advantages And Disadvantages Of French Connection
Marks introduced the French connection label in 1972 and four years later showed its first menswear collection
The advantages and disadvantages of a government company is stated below
The advantages are
пѓ It provides a strong competition for the private sector companies
пѓ Most of the governments companies run on sound business as they as they have their surpluses to their projects.
пѓ The formation of government companies is very easy because it is formed like other joint stock companies
And the disadvantages are:–
пѓ Government companies are independence in theory, but in practice it is not independence because political groups obstruct in the day–to–day
operation of the companies. Since these are dependent on the government for taking important policy decisions
пѓ As many of the government companies take the support of civil servants, they cannot exercise better for the efficiency of the organization because
they are not technical persons.
пѓ Nearly every one of the government companies experience softness in management under the take hold of public services. These are not treated as
efficient as private units because of this state of relationships found.
Government departments
пѓ Departments are under control of any politician in charge or by any higher

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Fuk French Connection
Marks introduced the French connection label in 1972 and four years later showed its first menswear collection.
Fiscal policy is divided into 2 types and they are taxing and spending. And monetary is divided into three types and those three are bonds, reserves and
interest rates.
Fiscal policy
Fiscal policy is "The changes in government spending and taxes are at the option of the federal government." Source: ICBT HANDOUTS
Each year governments raise and spend huge amounts of money. The UK government's estimates for 2008 for an example suggest that the government
spending will be about ВЈ618 billon and is to be allocated in a manner, this spending will be funded mainly from taxations( direct and indirect) and
national insurance contributions. Fiscal policy involves the use of changes in government spending and taxations to influence the level and
composition of aggregate demand in the economy.
Fiscal Policy involves the use of changes in government spending and taxations to influence the level and composition and aggregate demand in the
economic and giving the amount involve is clearly as important implications for business
Fiscal policy involves
1.taxation and other sources of income
2.government spending

Joint-Stock Company: Colonization In The 1600s
joint–stock company
Joint–stock companies provided money for colonization in the 1600's. A joint–stock company was formed by a number of individuals who each
contributed various amounts of money in exchange for a certain amount of shares. Joint–stock companies established the first profitable colonies.
charter A charter is written authorization that gives an organization permission to do business. The London Company and the Plymouth Company
asked King James I to allow them to create a joint–stock company to establish colonies. The king allowed them to do so by issuing a charter. The
charter was similar to a constitution for the colony and allowed the two companies to settle on the east coast of America and control trade. It allowed
the London Company to colonize the land from the Potomac south to South Carolina, and the Plymouth company to colonize land between Maine and
New York. It also stated that colonists were allowed the same powers that the English people had.
John Smith
John Smith became the leader of the colonists in Jamestown. He made the men clear land ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He came to Massachusetts in 1631. Many people respected him, but the colony's government worried about two of his beliefs. He said that the
English had no right to the land if they did not buy it from the Indians. He also believed that government officials should focus on government
matters and leave religious affairs alone. The Puritan leaders believed the first idea was ludicrous, and the second was heresy. In 1636 they exiled
Williams from the holy community of Massachusetts. Williams traveled south to the headwaters of Narragansett Bay, where supporters joined him. He
established the city of Providence, which became the center of Rhode Island. Rhode Island's charter allowed for the separation of church and state.
Every Christian group was given the freedom to worship, and men who did not belong to a church were permitted to

Wh Smith
Financial Accounting Group Assignment Module: ACFI 3201 Accounting 3 Name: Jiefeng LIU p09011270 Chen GONG p09011375 Ting ZHANG
p09260791 Ling WANG p09259669 Time: 16 December, 2010 Summary With TUI Travel PLC group revenue for 2009 was slightly lower than the
prior year at ВЈ13,863m (2008: ВЈ13,932m) and adjusted profit kept showed deficit in recent years. TUI Travel needs to take over a company (WH
Smith Plc) which has a strong free cash flow to rebalance its financial weaknesses. Simultaneously, the operation principles by WH Smith are useful to
TUI Plc to keep further profit growth and strong cash generation. This report aims to evaluate the necessity and feasibility for the acquisition of WH
Smith by... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, The Annual Report (2009) for TUI Travel Plc also set out the main reasons for the increase of net debt, compared with the amount of
2008: "...1) The cash impact of costs incurred to deliver the synergy benefits; 2) A working capital outflow driven by capacity reductions and the later
booking curve; 3) Acquisitions made in the year; and an adverse impact arising on the translation of foreign currency denominated debt..." Due to the
Volcanic ash in the atmosphere, there is a reduction in the volume of holiday by widespread closure of European airspace. The extra cost, as welfare,
compensation and repatriation, for the customers who were stranded in resort and the cancelled holidays is around ВЈ90m 2.3 Opportunity Although
the bad weather affects the profit and share price for the company, yet in the other side, it is also an opportunity for the company to establish and fixing
its own brand consciousness. For instance, the bad weather will arouse the closure for the airport. At this time, compared with the small company, a
large company such as TUI Travel Plc should supports satisfaction place for the retention customers, even pay particular amount of competence. This is
an opportunity to apply their high level and quality service. As the investment in the Russian market, the large potential of the Russian market can
brings more opportunities for TUI Travel. The operational Highlights (Annual Report, 2009)

Evaluating Transaction Exposures and Hedging Solutions for...
[Tang Huynh Yen Phuong] 2011 PREFACE In the nature of international trade, many companies are exposed to the risk of exchange rate fluctuation.
The purchases from international suppliers in other countries, and sales to domestic buyers with account payables and account receivables in different
currencies will give rise to foreign exchange risks. 1. General problem statement In an effort to meet the demand of the Vietnamese building materials
market, Construction and Materials Trading Company is involved greatly in the international trade. Profit from materials trading makes up
approximately 75 percent of CNTвЂџs total profit. In CNT company, the imports of Steel such as Steel Beams, Steel Plate, Steel Sheet... often create
account... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Literature study– to deepen knowledge about foreign exchange risk, and the overview of the Vietnamese foreign exchange market. Collecting data–
From the reported data provided by the company, specialized reference books, information from newspapers, magazines, internet, and some research
related to the topic. Processing the data– through these methods. Statistics by tables, charts, formula: statistics to find out common characteristics of
analyzed factors. Comparison methods: compare the same kind of numbers to find the increasing and decreasing in each year. Methods of Experts:
consult the experts. 5. The organization of the thesis The thesis would be divided into three chapters which consist of: CHAPTER 1:
LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter explains theories behind the analysis done in this thesis, the overview of the foreign exchange market, and
the derivatives market in Vietnam. CHAPTER 2: RISK ANALYSIS OF TRANSACTION EXPOSURE This chapter gives a brief overview
regarding the company, detailed analysis of the transaction exposure in the last five years as well as the current hedging tool of the company.
CHAPTER 3 DESIGNING HEDGING STRATEGY This chapter includes some available hedging tools, and long–term hedging strategy for the
company and recommendations for the State Bank of Vietnam to manage the derivatives market. 3 [Tang Huynh Yen Phuong] 2011 CHAPTER 1
–
LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1. Import 1.1.1. Definition of

Rise Of The Atlantic World Chapter 1 Summary
Daniel Jiang
AP United States History
Summer Assignment
Chapter 2: The Rise of the Atlantic World 1400–1625
Key Terms
Joint–stock company: Joint–stock companies are companies made up of shareholders, who all invest in this company and receives some of the profits
and debts. Joint–stock companies opposed the strict, traditional European economic standards which revolved around just prices, where profiting was
looked down upon, and reciprocity, in which trade was for mutual benefit. However, this created problems, where investors were more and more
determined to acquire more shares, creating more tension between social classes, as the rich became richer and the poor became poorer.
Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther, a German monk, disliked and often criticized the corrupted practice of selling indulgences. The Roman
Catholic Church tried to silence the criticisms from Luther, however, this exacerbated Luther's anger for the Church. Luther's resistance to silence
caused him to be excommunicated, and in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Spain sent out conquistadors to claim land, capture slaves, and find gold. Spain was able to claim the West Indies, Florida, Chile, New Mexico,
California, Chile, and much more. France focused on colonization and trade, especially fur trade, with the Native Americans in New France in Quebec.
England had colonies in the New World and territories in North America granted by charters from royalty, where settlers could help England
economically through exports of various goods. The Netherlands focused on trading with the Mohawk Indians (mainly for furs) and colonized New
Amsterdam and New Netherland. In my opinion, the Dutch were the most successful. Unlike the Spanish, the Dutch did not kill the Indians to exploit
them, but they traded goods and both parties profited through healthy connections, This symbiotic relationship with the Indians that allowed the Dutch
to prosper rather than

Vietjet Aviation Joint Stock Company, Known As Vietjet
Vietjet Aviation Joint Stock Company, known as Vietjet Air, belongs to a biggest private and LCC low
–cost carrier in Vietnam. Over the years its
operation it has quickly won passengers' hearts to become the most favourite airline in Vietnam and in the region (Routesonline, 2017).
Vietjet was also voted as "Vietnam's Most FavouriteAirline" by The Vietnam's Economic Times and the "Best Asian Low Cost Carrier" at the TTG
Travel Awards 2015, and for 5 years of taking off and serving the customers, Vietjet has been honoured with 32 domestic awards and 9 significant
international awards (Vietjetair, 2017).
In February 2017, Vietjet received full membership from the International Air Transportation Association (IATA), affirming the new
–age ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The agency noted that the delays set off a number of quarrels between customers and low–cost carriers for failing to provide satisfactory explanations
or solutions. At other times, the website reported, the carriers didn 't make staff available to answer questions.
The carriers were accused of being poor problem solvers, as they usually informed passengers of the delays or cancellation at the last possible minute,
and repeatedly changed flight times.
Many passengers complained to local media about a tendency for local airlines to only inform passengers of cancellations a couple hours before the
scheduled departure time or after they have waited a couple hours at the airport.
When the carriers sent text messages to passengers about the delays, they did not apologize and failed to provide an explanation or compensation for
the inconvenience.
Worse still, many passengers at the airport were not provided with food while waiting for their flights to be resumed.
Lack of proper punishments seems to be a problem in the country 's aviation industry, which has seen sharp increases in the rates of delays and
cancellations recently.
Service failure
Service failure and recovery play important roles in determining service quality and customer satisfaction (Smith & Bolton, 1998). It has also been
suggested that

Case Study : Ford Motor Company
The stock market has always been very important to the economy of the world. The stock market gives citizens an opportunity to get involved with
small and large businesses. This paper is about my experience with investing in stocks, through howthemarketworks.com, and what it has taught me. I
never knew anything about the stock market, but now I know that it is not what I thought it was.
Portfolio Performance Out of all the stocks in the world, I chose to only purchase four different ones. The stocks I chose to invest in were Ford Motor
Company, General Electric Company, Kroger Company, and Nike Inc. I was very familiar with all four of these stocks, that is why I chose to invest in
them. I specifically chose to invest in the Ford Motor ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I figured that I do most of my grocery shopping at Kroger so why not invest in it? The Kroger Company is also a very popular grocery company
that tend to have lower prices, if you would buy the Kroger brand. The popularity of Kroger Company also helped me choose to invest in this
stock. Lastly, the final stock I chose to invest in was Nike Inc. Nike is very popular for their apparel. Many professional teams and athletes are
sponsored by Nike, which led me to investing in the Nike Inc. stock. This company is constantly releasing new shoes, clothing, and even athletic
equipment; like golf clubs. Nike is so popular; you almost don't go a day without seeing their logo. Nike Inc. was a little pricey, but I decided to
take the chances that it would be a good stock to invest in. I was very interested in seeing how my stocks would do throughout this game, but was
surprised with my outcomes. Only one of my stocks did "well", in my opinion. The stock that I invested in, that did the best, was the General
Electric Company. I invested in ten shares at $30.28 per share. The return on my "30 Day Chart" is at 2.48%, and is now selling for $31.03 per share
(My Portfolio, n.d.). Although the General Electric Company did well for me, I did notice a sudden drop that occurred around April 4th and April
11th. Even though there was a brief period where the

Setting up a Company by Shares
The setting up of a company by shares Joint stock company
A joint stock company is a company whose stock is owned jointly by a large number of shareholders who are unacquainted with each other. A joint
stock company is a form of partnership where each member is financially responsible for the acts of the company. Each shareholder owns a part of the
company in proportion to his ownership of the company's shares. This allows the unequal ownership of a business where some shareholders own a
larger proportion of the company than others.
The setting up of a Joint Stock Company involves some requirements. There is a minimum number of two shareholders, there has to be a Supervisory
Board formed of at least three censors , at least one must be a certified accountant , appointed for a period of three years. Also, if there is more than
one director a Board of Directors must be constituted.
The shareholders holders of the Romanian joint–stock company can be either natural or legal persons. The minimum number of shareholders is two.
For the Joint Stock Company the minimum share capital cannot be below 90,000 RON the equivalent of at least 25,000 Euro and is divided into
shares having a minimum value of 0.1 RON. The amount of the minimum share capital may be modified by the Government so as to represent the
equivalent of 25,000 Euro.
The founders must subscribe to the entire social capital of the company and must pay at least 30% of its value, the rest of to 70% having to be paid

The Joint Stock Company Act Of 1844
1.As it is commonly held that the Judiciary is the last hope of the common man, so is the Auditor the main thrust of the investor. There is however
expectation gaps when professional services are rendered. This is either created by wrong perception of the role of the professionals by the public or
poor rendering of services by professionals, which creates room for erosion of trust or criticisms.
With the advent of industrial revolutions in the UK towards the end of the 19th century,Auditing grew from mere listening as was practiced in ancient
civilization like Greece to a "conformance role". According to Brown (1962), the time became ripe for the practice of auditing at this time because of
the losses suffered by investors. People ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There was the need for investors' confidence in the businesses which they invested in, especially as ownership became separated from management
creating the need for auditing. The audit function was mainly to provide credibility to the financial
Statements prepared by company managers for their shareholders (Heang and Ali 2008). The general consensus achieved the primary objective of an
audit function is to add credibility to the financial statement rather than on the detection of fraud and errors. This change in audit objective is evident in
the successive edition of Montgomery's Auditing text issued during this period which stated "An incidental, but nevertheless important, objective of an
audit is detection of fraud." (1934, p. 26). "Primary responsibility...for the control and discovery of irregularities necessarily lies with management."
(1940, p. 13). Hence, it can be witnessed that the shift of the focus of an audit function from preventing and detecting fraud and error towards assessing
the truth and fairness of the companies' financial statements began at this period (Heang and Ali 2008).
This development, which "absolves" the Auditor from the responsibility of Fraud and error detection, became one of the lacunas in the principles
governing how Auditors should conduct their affairs. Giving an opinion on

Information For A Potential Employee Who May Be Seeking A Job
Purpose
The purpose of this research is to gather information for a potential employee who may be seeking a job in HRD within Mather LifeWays.
History
Mather LifeWays (formerly known as Continuing Care Retirement Community) is a distinct not for profit organization originally established in
1941. The founder of Mather LifeWays is Alonzo Mather. Alonzo Mather was born on April 12, 1848 in Fairfield, New York. He started his career
by going to college at the age of 16 and straight to work in Utica, New York. After he changed his experience, he moved to Quincy then to Chicago in
1875 to start his business. When it was 1927 Alonzo built the Mather Tower at 75 E.Wacker Drive in Chicago. In 1941 Alonzo Mather passed away at
the age of 93, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mather LifeWays is a mid–size organization which holds approximately 500 employees. They have over 300 residents in each facility. Mary Leary is
the president and CEO of Mather LifeWays. She has been with the company for fourteen years. David Kane is the vice president of senior living.
Christopher Manella is the vice president and controller. He has twenty five years of experience in financial management.
Current Concerns of this Organization
Current concern of Mather LifeWays is a high turnover rate. Turnover includes both employees who quit their jobs and those who are asked to
leave. Nurses in Mather LifeWays wanted more communication and support, along with a feeling of appreciation; CNAs requested in depth
clinical skills that allow them to better care for residents. According to recent glassdoor review of employees at Mather LifeWays, there is no
growth for the employees. The organization just wants the employees to do the job that they're told to do. Many people working at Mather Lifeways
have a fear of losing their job. Not only that, people stay a long time, so it's difficult for new employees to move into other positions. Also, it
mentioned on glassdoor review managers are coming and going, so it leaves lower level staff responsible for managing things in the interim, and they
often have to help train new managers.
Future plans of the organization
Mather LifeWays seem to be growing. As years go by

The KCOM Group VRIO Analysis
The KCOM Group VRIO Analysis
The core competency of our laggard, KCOM, is their strong focus on customers; KCOM's entire organization is structured around the market they
serve in order to deliver a high–quality customer experience. The Group focuses not solely on providing low cost for their customer's like TalkTalk
Telecom, but on listening closely to their customer's needs, in turn creating long term customer relationships. Using Barney's VRIO analytic framework
to assess this competency yields the following:
VALUE? Yes, KCOM's focus on the customer provides an obvious customer value and competitive advantage amongst its' competitors.
RARENESS? Of course KCOM Group isn't the only wireless communication company that focuses on their customers, but their focus on the customer
operates at every level throughout the Group.
IMITABILITY? It isn't costly to focus on customers, but a good strategy must be in place in order for it to be done correctly.
ORGANIZATION? Yes, KCOM as structured their organization around the distinct markets they serve to deliver a high quality customer experience.
The KCOM Group's distinctive competency is their strategic relationship with BT Wholesale and Phoenix IT. The strategic relationship with BT gives
them both an extended market and network reach through its access to BT's national network. The relationship with Phoenix gives them access to
industry leading field service engineering and maintenance services. After looking at the extended

Indian Oil Industry Is The Backbone Of A Modern Economy
The oil refining industry is the backbone of a modern economy (Senevirante, 2006). Refined petroleum product remain fundamental to our economic
life – in everybody's daily life and economic activities of a nation (Wauquier and Favennec, 2001) ranging from domestic cooking to transportation,
employment, etc. In terms of the refining capacity India ranks eighth in the world (U.S. EIA 2009). The private sector owns about 38% of total
capacity while the public sector owns the rest. End of 2013, India has 4.35 million bbl/day of refining capacity, making it the second largest refiner
in Asia after china. There are projections that there would be an increase in the refining capacity to 6.3 million bbl/day by the year 2017. Indian oil
Corporation Limited is the major company which controls most of the refineries in India. In total there are 22 refineries in India. The total refining
capacity of India has increased from 175.9 Million metric tons (MMT) in 2007 to 215.06 Million metric tons (MMT) in the year 2014. Reliance
industries a private owned petroleum company has the largest refining complex in the world and it is located in Gujarat in India. It has a capacity of
1.24 million barrels per day. Based on the current proposed growth and projections India plans to add 1.6 million bbl/day of refining capacity by the
end of 2015. India is steadily emerging as an international destination for oil refining as the investment is less compared to other Asian counterparts.
According to

Management Style Of The Joint Stock Company

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