Learning Strand 4: Life and Career Skills

1. ADDICTIVE & DANGEROUS DRUGS II
Learning Strand 2 - Scientific & Critical Thinking Skills
Michael Cachero Gelacio / Teacher III - District I ALS Coordinator

2. LET’S SEE WHAT YOU ALREADY KNOW
Indicate whether the statements below are CORRECT or INCORRECT.
STATEMENT CORRECT INCORRECT
1. Most often, young people use addictive and
dangerous drugs due to peer pressure.
2. Drug dependency is a condition that cannot be
cured.
3. Growing up in a chaotic home environment or
in a broken family can lead to drug abuse.
4. Most people use addictive and dangerous drugs
because they want to experiment.
5. Family problems, such as violence in the home,
cannot cause a person to use addictive and
dangerous drugs.

3. LET’S SEE WHAT YOU ALREADY KNOW
Indicate with a CHECK the phrases that describe the contributing factors
that lead to drug abuse.
STATEMENT
______1. Having friends who use drugs.
______2. Knowing how to cope with problems and stress.
______3. Lacking adequate family support.
______4. Engaging in wholesome, productive and fulfilling activities.
______5. Being curious or interested in experimenting with drugs.

4. LET’S SEE WHAT YOU ALREADY KNOW
Indicate whether the statements in the table below are preventive or
rehabilitative solutions to drug abuse.
STATEMENT PREVENTIVE REHABILITATIVE
1. Growing up in a chaotic home
environment or in a broken family can
lead to drug abuse.
2. Educating people about the effects of
addictive and dangerous drugs
3. Counselling
4. Holding forums and seminars about
addictive drugs
5. Psychiatric care

5. REASONS WHY PEOPLE USE ADDICTIVE
AND DANGEROUS DRUGS
Michael Cachero Gelacio / Teacher III - District I ALS Coordinator

6. This is JHAN CANANGA. He is 15 years old and he comes from a poor
family. He has been using addictive and dangerous drugs since
childhood.

7. He learned how to use drugs from his mother. All of his family use drugs.
They use solvent, sometimes cough syrup or rugby, and even marijuana .
Richard was often beaten up by his Uncle Leo, so he ran away.

8. JHAN now roams the streets. He has no home. His problems seem to
disappear when he uses drugs. His favorite is the 40 ml or 60 ml cough
syrup called Phydol because it is cheaper than siopao . JHAN says that
the cough syrup is better if he drinks beer or brandy afterward.

9. This is 21-year-old TINA FALABHAS from Purok Dimas, Saraccan. She
went to Manila because she was promised a job. However, because she
had no money she became a prostitute. She earns three to five hundred
pesos from customers who take her to cheap motels.

10. She buys solvent from her earnings. This helps her forget about her
miserable life. She was brought to a Bahay Calinga Rehabilitation Center
and her treatment had already started. However, she ran away and went
back to using drugs. Once she is under the influence of drugs, she hurts
herself by burning different parts of her body with a cigarette. She now
uses cocaine .

11. Answer the following questions.
1. When did JHAN start using drugs?
2. Why did he use drugs?
3. What kind of drugs did he use?
4. What does he feel when he is under the influence of drugs?
5. Why did Tina decide to go to Manila?
6. Did she find a good job there?
7. What happened to her after arriving in Manila?
8. How does Tina temporarily solve her problems?
9. What kind of drugs does she use?
10. Is there a remedy for her addiction?

12. REASONS WHY PEOPLE USE ADDICTIVE
AND DANGEROUS DRUGS
Michael Cachero Gelacio / Teacher III - District I ALS Coordinator

13. These may include lack of adequate parental supervision, absentee
parents, no one to talk to about problems, violence in the family and
physical or sexual abuse.
Family problems

14. This refers to the influence of friends who are using drugs or who want
to try drugs. This is the most common reason why young people use
addictive and dangerous drugs.
Peer Pressure

15. or interest in trying out drugs - Some young people want to know how it
would feel to use drugs.
Curiosity

16. To experience the sensations of joy and enjoyment induced by drugs.
Fake enjoyment

17. Having poor role models during one’s childhood means growing up in an
environment where the parents and/or other family members are drug
users.
No role models

18. People who are under stress and tension sometimes resort to drugs for
relief. Those who are bored because they have nothing to do also
sometimes experiment with drugs.
Relieves stress, anxiety and
boredom

19. Some people see drugs as an escape from their problems.
To forget or get away from
problems

20. There are those who, under the influence of drugs, feel a false sense of
self-importance, belongingness and positive self-image which they lack
in real life.
Lacking self-importance

21. Some people, especially those who are young, become drug addicts as a
result of their desire to experiment with different kinds of drugs.
Desire to experiment

22. Factors or circumstances that can lead
• Having parents or family
members who use drugs.
• Having friends who use drugs.
• Growing up in an environment
of illegal drug use.
• Wanting to show one’s
independence and willingness
to take risks.
• Having little interest in
academic and spiritual goals.
• Seeing oneself as being at
odds with society.
• Having no clear concept of
what is right and wrong.
• Perceiving a lack of parental
support.
• Having low self-esteem.
• Being unable to cope with
one’s problems.
• Having suffered trauma and
emotional crisis (such as the
long-term psychological effects
of physical and sexual abuse).
• Having been a drug user
during one’s teens.
to drug abuse

23. Factors or circumstances that can lead
• Being unemployed and not having
any other form of recreation and
activity.
• Using drugs to help one adjust to
one’s job schedule (This may apply
to drivers, writers, actors, etc., who
work long hours or have very hectic
or irregular schedules).
• Using drugs to boost one’s strength
and energy.
• Wishing to relieve stress or anxiety.
• Liking to experiment.
to drug abuse

24. THE LIFE OF ARMENIO F. YOTEṄO

25. Armenio was an only child. His
parents were both working. His mother was
the vice president of a bank, while his father
was the director of a government agency.
Most of the time, they were not home due to
business engagements. They seldom saw each
other because of their busy schedules.
Armenio started using drugs at the
age of 14. He tried drugs because he wanted
to know its effects. He acquired drugs from
friends in the neighbourhood. From
experimenting with drugs, he became a
regular drug user. He started to conduct drug
sessions with friends. They were the ones
who made him feel secure and accepted. He
went to them when he had problems.

26. Armenio’s parents did not
know that their child had been using
drugs. Armenio had tried different
drugs. The truth was, he used shabu, a
stimulant which can boost a person’s
energy.
One day, a police officer
called Armenio’s parents. He had
terrible news for them. He informed
them about Armenio’s tragic death.
Armenio died from a drug overdose. It
was learned that during a drug
session, Armenio took different kinds
of drugs at the same time. His parents
were shocked at the news. They never
suspected that their only son was a
drug addict.

27. 1. Family — Drug use is common among individuals who have family
problems such as communication problems, lack of love and security,
and domestic violence.
2. Friends — One of the common reasons why people learn how to use
addictive and dangerous drugs is through the influence of friends.
3. Environment — If a person grew up in an environment where drug use
is common and accepted, he or she may also use drugs.
FACTORS WHICH CONTRIBUTE DRUG ABUSE

28. HOW TO RESPOND TO THE
PROBLEM OF DRUGS
Michael Cachero Gelacio / Teacher III - District I ALS Coordinator

31. Protective Factors
• Strong and positive familial bonds
• Parental monitoring and support
• Clear rules of conduct that are
consistently enforced within the
family
• Active involvement of parents in the
lives of their children
• Chaotic home environment,
particularly that in which parents
abuse drugs or suffer from mental
illness
• Ineffective parenting, especially
children with difficult temperaments
or conduct disorders
• Lack of social interaction and
nurturing
• Poor social and coping skills
• Affiliation with peers who use
addictive and dangerous drugs
• Approval of drug-using behaviours in
the family, work, school, peer or
community environments
(should be encouraged or enhanced)
Risk Factors
(should be reduced or reversed)

32. EIGHT WAYS TO AVOID DRUG ABUSE
Michael Cachero Gelacio / Teacher III - District I ALS Coordinator

33. Avoid people who you know use
addictive and dangerous drugs.

34. Maintain good physical and mental
health.

35. Understand your own self; accept and
respect yourself for what and who you
are.

36. Develop your potentials; engage in
wholesome, productive and fulfilling
activities.

37. Learn to relate effectively with
others.

38. Learn to Have somebody with whom
you can communicate your problems
freely.
relate effectively with others.

39. Learn to cope with your problems
and other forms of stress without
using drugs.

40. Develop a strong moral and spiritual
foundation so you can say NO to
drugs if tempted by your friends.

41. WAYS TO REDUCE THE PROBLEM
OF DRUG ABUSE IN THE COMMUNITY
Michael Cachero Gelacio / Teacher III - District I ALS Coordinator

42. BE INFORMED
Be informed about all kinds of
drugs. Accurate information can
help you understand the drugs
you and your family are using, so
as to avoid abusing such drugs.
Knowing the bad effects of a drug
also helps a person avoid it.

43. THINK
Think about the drugs you and
the rest of your family use, as
well as when and why they are
used. Think about any family
problems that might lead to drug
abuse – consider also social,
sexual, financial or health
problems.

44. TALK TO EACH OTHER
Family communication is
important. You can also try
talking with a priest or religious
leader, a barangay official, a
neighbor, friends and other
responsible individuals.

45. LOOK FOR ALTERNATIVES
Look for alternatives to drug use
and encourage everyone to use
other healthier ways to relax or
deal with difficulties. Many
problems like stress, anxiety,
boredom and even physical pain
can be relieved without using
drugs. Alternatives to drug abuse
include engaging in sports or any
other worthwhile hobbies.
TO DRUG USE

46. GET ACTIVE IN THE COMMUNITY
Get active in your community to help prevent drug problems. Talk
to the local school, church, community group, sports club or
parents’ association about programs to increase drug awareness.

47. PUSH FOR LEGISLATION AGAINST
This means encouraging the
enactment and enforcement of
laws against drug abuse. The
providers and suppliers of illegal
drugs should be punished. There
should be laws safeguarding the
health of the people. If there are
existing laws, they should be
implemented.
THE USE OF ILLEGAL DRUGS

48. CRITICAL AREAS FOR PREVENTION

49. FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
Parents need to take an active
role in their children’s lives,
including warning them about
addictive and dangerous drugs.
They should monitor their
children’s activities, get to know
their friends and understand their
children’s problems and personal
concerns without abusing their
children’s privacy.

50. PEER RELATIONSHIP
The person should be able to
choose his/her friends wisely,
preferring those who have no
vices such as drug abuse.
He/She should also learn to say
“no” or refuse the offers or
suggestions of his/her peers to
try drugs.

51. SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT
The school should encourage
academic performance and
strengthen positive values
among their students.
Curriculums should support
the students’ development in
social skills. Students should
also be taught about the
negative effects of addictive
and dangerous drugs.

52. COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT
The community should be
involved in the fight against
addictive and dangerous drugs.
It should engage in civic,
religious, law enforcement and
government organizations.
Community-based programs,
such as advertising restrictions
and drug-free school zones,
can also contribute to the
prevention of drug abuse.

53. DRUG EDUCATION & DRUG AWARENESS
This involves conducting
forums, seminars and activities
that focus on addictive and
dangerous drugs campaigns.
These activities may be carried
out in coordination with
organizations, private, religious
and school sectors. These
activities may also encourage
rehabilitated victims of drug
abuse to speak about the
dangers of using addictive and
dangerous drugs.

54. HELPING VICTIMS OF DRUG ABUSE
Michael Cachero Gelacio / Teacher III - District I ALS Coordinator

56. MAY RUNG TUPAC came from a
broken family. She became a model
at the age of 17. She eventually
became one of the most sought-
after fashion models because of
her aggressive and wild look.
When she hit stardom, she
experienced a lot of pressure in her
work. She also had a love affair
with her female makeup artist
which did not work out. Even
though she was very famous and
popular, she felt very lonely in
private. Ever since her parents’
separation, she had been longing
for her mother’s affection. She had
difficulty coping with her situation
which made her unruly,
unpredictable and wild. She would
walk away in the middle of her
pictorials and not attend her
appointments.

57. She had a friend who introduced her to a drug user. That was the
start of her drug use which eventually led to drug addiction. She
tried using “coke” or cocaine. She used drugs before and after
pictorials. She became so dependent on drugs that she was
“stoned” even during pictorials. She also experienced “shakes”
(shaking of the body once the drug effect runs out) when she was
not under the influence of drugs. After using cocaine, she moved on
to using narcotics such as morphine and heroin which she took by
injection using syringes. In 1982, she tested positive for AIDS
(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). According to doctors, she
got the virus from using unsterilized syringes.
MAY died in August 1986 due to AIDS.

58. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING:
1. What kind of addictive drug did MAY start using?
2. Why did she start using addictive drugs?
3. What other factors contributed to her drug dependency?
4. Did Gia’s drug dependency affect her work? How?
5. What did Gia experience when she was not under the influence of
drugs?
6. What were the addictive drugs she tried afterward?
7. What kind of treatment should Gia have undertaken to avoid being
sick with AIDS?
8. Do you think Gia would still be alive today if she had been treated
earlier? Why?
9. Who do you think could have encouraged Gia to undergo treatment?
Why?
10. Do you agree or disagree that drug abusers can still be treated? How?

59. MEDICAL AND REHABILITATION
CENTERS
Michael Cachero Gelacio / Teacher III - District I ALS Coordinator

60. Such as forums and seminars on the different types of addictive
drugs, their harmful effects, and possible measures that the family
and community can take to prevent drug abuse.

61. Such as drug
education campaigns,
drug testing and
health screening
programs (e.g., chest
X-rays to pick up
early signs of health
damage) which can
detect drug abusers.
Early identification of
drug abusers can
help their families,
schools and
communities provide
necessary measures
to address the
problems and needs
of the drug abusers,
and/or to adopt
appropriate
treatments for drug
dependency.

62. Such as medical care and psychiatric care for drug abusers. Medical
care includes hospital confinement until the drug user has recovered
from the harmful effects of addictive drugs. Psychiatric care involves
looking into the mental condition of a drug dependent. It includes
consultation with psychologists, psychiatrists and even taking
medications as treatment for the damaging effects of addictive drugs
on the person’s mental health. Some addictive drugs such as cocaine,
shabu, and marijuana may severely affect the mental condition of a
person and may even result in brain damage or severe mental
disorders. Long-term treatment includes counseling, regular checkups,
home visitations and family group therapies. Family group therapy is a
counseling method that requires the participation of a drug user’s
family as support for the treatment of the drug dependent.

64. TYPE OF ADMISSION
MALE FEMALE GRAND TOTAL
No. % No. % No. %
NEW ADMISSION 4,337 71.34 351 5.77 4,688 77.12
RE-ADMISSION 1,064 17.50 62 1.02 1,126 18.52
OUT-PATIENT 247 4.06 18 0.30 265 4.36
TOTAL 5,648 92.91 431 7.09 6,079 100.00
REPORTED CASES BY TYPE OF ADMISSION AND SEX
(Facility Based)*
CY 2016
* Total Reported Cases from Residential and Out-Patient Facilities

65. PROFILE OF DRUG ABUSERS
(Facility Based)*
CY 2016
• AGE : Mean age of 31 years
• SEX : Ratio of male and female 13:1
• CIVIL STATUS : Single 48.96%
• STATUS OF EMPLOYMENT : Unemployed 44.69%
• EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT : College Level 27.14%
• ECONOMIC STATUS : Average Monthly Family Income Php 13,937.65
• PLACE OF RESIDENCE : Urban (Specifically NCR 42.41%)
• DURATION OF DRUG USE : More than 6 years
• NATURE OF DRUG TAKING : Mono drug use**
• DRUGS/SUBSTANCES OF ABUSE :
Methamphetamine Hydrochloride (Shabu)
Cannabis (Marijuana)
MDMA (Ecstasy)
*Residential and Out-Patient Facilities
**Mono drug users - abuse of one (1) drug only

66. The government can build rehabilitation centres
and conduct drug education programs
nationwide.
It should also strictly enforce laws on addictive
and dangerous drugs and punish criminals who
import, produce, sell or promote the use of
illegal drugs.

67. Media should act responsibly in advertising.
Newspapers, magazines, television shows and
radio programs should inform their readers and
viewers about the ill effects of addictive and
dangerous drugs.

68. Schools can educate students about addictive
and dangerous drugs. They can also involve
parents in drug education or awareness
campaigns.

69. Nongovernment organizations (NGOs) can
support government programs and services
which would cater to drug abuse victims and
their families. They can also support drug
awareness and drug education campaigns.

70. Churches of different religions can strengthen
the morality and spiritual foundation of their
members to help minimize the incidence of
drug use and abuse.

71. The family can teach its members the concept
of what is right and wrong. It should be sensitive
and attentive to the needs of its members. The
family should help its members talk about and
cope with the problems they face in their daily
lives.

72. THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS US ALL.
TO GOD BE THE GLORY!