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1. PHOTODYNAMIC
THERAPY IN
PERIODONTICS.
By , Puneet Mehta.
P.G. student,Saveetha
Dental College
Chennai.
Guided by ,
Dr N.D Jaykumar
Dr O.Padmalatha
Dr Sheeja
Vergese
Dr Shankari
Dr Karthikeyan
Dr Jai ganesh

2. AN INSIGHT INTO THE PAST
• The use of photodynamic
therapy for inactivating
microorganisms was first
demonstrated more than
100 years ago.
• Oscar Raab first reported
the lethal effect of
acridine hydrochloride
and visible light
on Paramecia caudatum.
OSCAR RAAB

4. LIGHT SOURCES
• A laser or visible light source is used to activate the
photosensitizer.
• Diode laser system & light-emitting diodes are used.
• Photosensitizers can also be activated by low power
visible light at a specific wavelength.
• However, in practice, the range of light used in
photodynamic therapy is generally >600 nm. This is
because endogenous molecules, such as hemoglobin,
absorb light strongly at wavelengths of <600 nm and
therefore capture most of the incoming photons.
• This prevents damage to the host components and
destroying only the microorganisms.

5. THE PHOTOSENSITIZER
• Dyes: 1-Tricyclic dyes (methylene
blue, toludine blue O & acridine
orange).
• 2-Phthalocyanines (aluminum
disulphonated phthalocyanine and
cationic Zn(II) phthalocyanine)
• Chlorines: chlorine e6, stannous (IV)
chlorine e6, chlorine e6-2.5.
• N-methyl-d-glucamine (BLC1010),
polylysine & polyethyleneimine
• conjugates of chlorine e6.
• Porphyrines: haematoporphyrin HCl,
photofrin and 5- minolevulinic
• acid (ALA), benzoporphyrin derivative
(BPD)
• Xanthenes: Erythrocine
• Monoterpene: azulene

6. HOW DOES IT WORK ???

9. IMPORTANT
STUDIES DONE
ON
PHOTODYNAMIC
THERAPY.
Christodoulides et al., 2008
Effects of a single session of MB-
mediated PDT (Helbo® Blue
treatment kit) and/or SRP on full-
mouth plaque score, full-mouth
bleeding score, probing depth,
gingival recession, clinical
attachment and load of 11
periodontal pathogens.
Chondros et al., 2009 Effects of a
single session of MB-mediated
PDT (Helbo® Blue treatment kit)
and/or SRP on full-mouth plaque
score, full-mouth bleeding score,
bleeding on probing, probing
depth, gingival recession, clinical
attachment and load of 11
periodontal pathogens.
Lulic et al., 2009 Effects of
repeated (fivr times within two
weeks) MB-mediated PDT
(Helbo® Blue treatment kit) and/or
SRP on probing pocket depth,
clinical attachment level and
bleeding on probing.

10. CONCLUSION
• This new strategy of using photodynamic therapy (PDT)
is less traumatic & quicker in the treatment of
inflammatory periodontal diseases.
• PDT in vitro studies have shown greater (> 95%)
reduction in micro-organisms.
• PDT offers numerous advantages, particularly in
avoiding emergence of antibiotic resistance species.
• Well-designed clinical trials are needed for proper
evaluation of this therapy.
• Multi discipline clinical trials should be designed to
establish the clinical evidence based effectiveness of
PDT.