4. THE CHALLENGES OF GOVERNANCE
Detect and understand problems before they become
unsolvable”
Involve open intelligence in policy-making, and extract “good
ideas” from it
From words to action: ensure implementation and actual
behavioural change
Reducetime-to-impact evaluation
All this, dealing with a distributed governance
model. The traditional division of “market” and
“state” no longer fits a reality where public decision
and action is effectively carried out by a plurality of
actors.
5. A VISION: A THIRD WAY OF POLICY MAKING?
+ Emergent
+ Open
+ Peer2peer
+ Unexpected
+ Expert based
decisions
+ Robust
+ Relevant
Direct Democracy
Technocracy
- Social media
- Populism
- Unstructured discussion
- Loudest voice
- Black box
- Closed models
- Reductionism
6. A VISION: A THIRD WAY OF POLICY MAKING?
Policy-making 2.0:
Open and evidence based
+ Emergent
+ Open
+ Peer2peer
+ Unexpected
+ Expert based
decisions
+ Robust
+ Relevant
Direct Democracy
Technocracy
- Social media
- Populism
- Unstructured discussion
- Loudest voice
- Black box
- Closed models
- Reductionism
7. COVERING THE FULL POLICY CYCLE: IT’S NOT ABOUT
CROWDSOURCING DECISIONS
13. WEB 2.0 IS ABOUT VALUES, NOT TECHNOLOGY
User as producer, Collective intelligence,
Long tail, Perpetual beta, Extreme ease of
use
Values
Blog, Wiki, Podcast, RSS, Tagging, Social
Applications
networks, Search engine, MPOGames
Technologies
Ajax, XML, Open API, Microformats,
REST, Flash/Flex, Peer-to-Peer
Source: Author’s elaboration based on Forrester
13
14. A NEW WAY TO DO
PUBLIC INNOVATION
Innovation without
permission
Fast development (weekend)
Perpetual beta
Planning for emergence
Government not only a
player but a platform
15. DIFFERENT TYPES OF CITIZEN/GOV
COLLABORATION
Data
Services
Gov
Citizens
Gov
Intrapreneurship
Crowdsourcing
Citizens
Open Data apps
Self-help
19. 6 THINGS CITIZENS CAN OFFER
Software development skills (OpenCamera)
Specific technical knowledge (PeerToPatent)
Experience of using public services (PatientOpinion)
Trust of other citizens (ActiveMobs)
Capillar coverage of the territory (Fixmystreet)
“Many eyes” (openspending)
23. DESIGN FOR BART NOT FOR LISA!
Hat tip: Carter and Dance, Nytimes.com
2
24. NON-TECH BARRIERS
Learning lessons from 20 years of technology adoption
in government: bottlenecks are cultural and
organisational, not technological
Technology will not suddenly free policy-making from
politicking, corruption, personal interests, short term
thinking, low interest from citizens…
But it changes the power relationships, the incentives
and the barriers to entry
25. SPAM, CONFLICTS AND TROLLING
High relevance
Recommended for
short term
Recommended for
long term
Low relevance
Typical gov initiative
Typical internetfocus
Low conflict
High conflict
27. LESSONS LEARNT
“There are more smart people outside government than
within it” (Bill Joy)
“A problem shared is a problem halved ...and a pressure
group created” (Paul Hodgkin – PatientOpinion.com)
“it’s about pressure points, chinks in the armour where
improvements might be possible, whether with the
consent of government or not” (Tom
Steinberg, Mysociety.org)
“many participants in the process dilute the effect of bad
apples or unconstructive participants” (Beth
Noveck, Peertopatent.org)
2
33. IT’S NOT ABOUT “ TOTAL CITIZENS”
Not representative but insightful
34. A REALITY CHECK: EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF
POLICY 2.0
CRITERIA
Number of participants
Involvement of decision makers
Actual usage of the output in policy-making
Media impact
Feedback by policy-makers
Actual improvement of policy quality
37. TOOLS
Sentiment analysis (sentiment viz)
Commentable documents (commentneelie.eu)
Ideastorms (uservoice)
Crowdsourcing (challenge.gov)
Visualisation (openspending)
Mapping (ushahidi)
Open data (FP7 recipients)
Delivery model: custom vs off the shelf, installed vs as a
service; open source vs proprietary
38. DESIGN TOOLS
Friend (using social networks and peer pressure)
Feedback (seeing the impact of your action immediately):
daa.ec.europa.eu
Competition (light but deep): challenge.gov
Moderation (ex-post vs ex-ante): patientopinion
Identity (anonimity?) : evasori.info
Reputation : DAA “interesting” daa.ec.europa.eu
Rules (transparency about what is accepted and what is
not; how will the outcome be used) : Italy Digital Agenda
Reach-out to the community : sicamp.org
For both government and citizens!