A volcano is an opening in the earth's crust that ejects lava, pyroclasts, and gases during eruptions. The main parts of a volcano are the cone formed from accumulated materials, the crater at the peak, and the vent connecting the crater to the magma chamber. There are three main types of volcanoes: shield volcanoes with gentle slopes made of lava flows, cinder cone volcanoes made of loose fragments from explosive eruptions, and composite or stratovolcanoes with layers of lava and pyroclasts from both gentle and explosive eruptions. Volcanoes can be active, dormant, or extinct depending on recent eruption activity.

13. A volcano is an opening in the
earth’s crust where lava,
pyroclasts, and gases are
ejected onto the surface
during eruptions. The most
prominent part of the volcano
is the cone, formed by the
mountainous accumulation of
volcanic materials.

15. The other parts is the
crater, which is a steep-
walled depression at the
peak of the volcano, and
the volcanic vent, a
cylindrical channel that
connects the crater or
mouth to the magma
chamber.

16. Some volcanoes
have large craters
called calderas
that can exceed
about 1 km in
diameter.

17. Calderas are
formed when the
summit of the
volcano collapses
during violent or
explosive
eruptions.

18. The volcanoes above
sea level are the most
popular, but the vast
majority of the
world’s volcanoes lie
beneath the sea,
formed along the
global oceanic ridge.

20. KINDS OF VOLCANOES

21. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
1. Shield Volcano
A shield volcano has a large
base with gentle sloping
sides. The cone is made up
purely of lava that has
poured out and solidified
during a mild or quiet
eruption.

22. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
2. Cinder Cone Volcano
A cinder cone is built
almost entirely of loose
fragment called cinder
(pyroclasts and tephra). A
cinder cone volcano is
formed by explosive
eruptions.

23. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
2. Cinder Cone Volcano
Explosive eruptions eject
lava and rocks into the air.
The lava fragments solidify
into small pieces of
pyroclasts called tephra.
Cinder cone has a narrow
base and very steep lope.

24. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
3. Composite Volcano or Strato-
volcano
Composite volcanoes are
composed of alternating layers
of lava and Cinders (pyroclasts).
They are formed when volcanic
eruptions vary between quiet
and violent or explosive.

25. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
3. Composite Volcano or Strato-
volcano
During explosive eruptions,
a huge volume of gases,
ashes, and pyroclasts are
ejected.

26. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
Volcanoes are usually situated either
near the boundaries between tectonic
plates or over geologically active
hotspots. In terms of activity, volcanoes
may either be dormant or active or
extinct.

27. KINDS OF VOLCANOES

28. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
1. Active Volcano
A volcano is considered
active if it is currently
erupting or showing regular
signs of activity like
earthquake activities and
significant gas emissions.

29. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
1. Active Volcano
An active volcano has a
record of eruption within
50 years.

30. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
2. Dormant Volcano
Dormant Volcano are those
that have currently erupted
and then have entered a
long period of inactivity.

31. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
2. Dormant Volcano
Seismologist have found out
that the longer period of
democracy or inactivity,
between volcano eruptions,
the greater the chance of
having a very explosive
eruption in the future.

32. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
3. Extinct Volcano
Extinct Volcano are those
that have not shown signs
of activity for a long
period of time. It has no
record of volcanic
eruptions in the past
thousand years.

33. KINDS OF VOLCANOES
3. Extinct Volcano
Whether the volcano is
truly extinct is often
difficult to determine.

62. •Food color (red or orange)
•Baking soda
•vinegar
•Mud
•Fly wood
•Grass (artificial or real)