LGBT Rights Research Paper

Mary Hardwick Research Paper
Mary R. Hardwick Scholarship Compassionate, caring and innovative. Mary R Hardwick touched
the lives of everyone she met with her nurturing personality and bright ideas. While a big heart can
be a blessing and a curse as I'm sure Dr. Hardwick knew all to well. I've made the absolute most of
it. Ever since I was a small child I felt that I had an overwhelming debt to repay to the shear beauty
of the living treasures around me. Growing up in Pennsylvania has defiantly played a major role in
my appreciation for nature and instilled my drive to be the best person I can possibly be. "Be kind,
for everyone you meet is fighting a harder battle. –Plato" Growing up my life wasn't exactly status
quote and because of that I had to grow up a bit faster
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Robert Smythson Research Paper
Robert Smythson was the most important architect in England in the 16th century. In fact he is "the
only architect of that time known to us with any certainty"(Robert) We first see Smythson in written
records from 1566 referring to the renovation of a manor house in Wiltshire called Longleat. In
April 1567 the original house caught fire and burnt down. While working on the renovation of
Longleat Smythson was a master mason, but was one of the people to involve himself in the
designing the renovation of the house. He liked to try and make everything symmetrical. It also has
a central hall. He used large windows to open the house so that the maximum amount of light from
outside could shine in. He made "extroversion" homes, which means ... Show more content on
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This was the first time Smythson was commission as a master architect. There are several historians
who believe that Wollaton Hall was his most important work. Wollaton Hall is currently the
Nottingham Natural History Museum. Which was used in the filming of The Dark Knight Rises, as
Wayne Manor. Given that it has a similar appearance to the building used in Batman Begins. In
Smythson's time spent working on Wollaton Hall he loved the land so much that he ended up
permanently settling in Wollaton. Where he had a son named John,who fathered a son named
Huntingdon , they both followed in Roberts footsteps and became architects. John Smythson's best–
known work is at Bolsover Castle. Sir Charles Cavendish (Bess Hardwick's son,) commissioned
John to design, and oversee the work for the interior apartments
While the plans for Bolsover Castle made by Robert, John worked on the castle for the 30 years it
took build. Bolsover hall has employed three generations of the Smythsons. Robert was in charge of
the renovation plans. John oversaw the work and designed the interior apartments And John's son
Huntingdon designed the adjoining buildings used as housing for the Bolsovers riding

Business Pl Hardwick Designs Custom Pc Assembly And Repair
Business Plan
Hardwick Designs Custom PC assembly and repair
6701 mountain view Inyokern, Ca. 93527 (760) 977–6373
Written by Zackery Hardwick
Issued March 5, 2015
Conﬁdentiality Notice: This Business Plan is conﬁdential and contains proprietary information and
intellectual property of Hardwick Designs. Neither this Business Plan nor any of the information
contained herein may be reproduced or disclosed under any circumstances without the express
written permission of Hardwick Designs.
© 2015 by Hardwick Designs. All rights reserved. Confidential.
Table of Contents
1.0 Executive Summary
1.1 Description of Business
1.2 Industry Analysis
1.3 Mission Statement and Core Values
1.4 Management Plan
1.5 Goods and Services
1.6 Marketing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hardwick Designs will start as a home office/home visit start–up, using one room within the owners
home as well as owner's personal vehicle to assist customers in the Indian Wells Valley/ Searles
Valley area. After the 1 year mark Zackery plans to have moved into a leased storefront for a more
professional customer interaction with popular product display. As sales increase I will hire more
technicians from the community mainly sourcing from the local Cerro Coso Community College.
The business will be located in the center of Ridgecrest, Ca. making it accessible to residents in the
surrounding communities.
1.2 Industry Analysis
Hardwick Designs will provide computer support in both a consulting and technical capacity to
home PC users in both High end and general usage clients. Since Hardwick Designs is currently a
one man operation, its ability to grow in the first three months will be limited by the owner 's
capacity to complete work while having a second form of employment. However, the first three
months are very important to build a relationship with customers and a reputation for getting the job

done quickly and well. Zackery will focus on delivering excellent service, and using word of mouth
to network with other new clientele.

The Lgbt Rights Of Americ A Social Effort
The Road To LGBT Rights In America : A Social Effort
Imagine a world where the identity of a person jeopardizes their safety, that they must live in fear of
the world around them simply for being who they are; this is the world of the Lesbian, Gay,
Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community. Despite the strides made to improve the conditions
for this group, they are still under much scrutiny as society and the government adapts to their
presence. The general public has maintained an uneasy balance of contentedness and bias, whereas
the government cannot decide its stance on the issue.
The LGBT community's adversity has persisted for quite some time in America, and has achieved
federal attention as early as 1986, during the case of Bowers v. Hardwick. In 1986, the American
Supreme Court accepted a case from Georgia regarding consensual sodomy. Hardwick claimed the
Georgia statute which criminalized sodomy was unconstitutional. Unfortunately, the majority
opinion moved in favor of Bowers, upholding the statute on the grounds that morals are allowed to
dictate legislation. This was the popular belief at the time, where strong morals and family tradition
was not just a belief, but the way of American life. The dissenting opinion contested this, claiming
the case was not a matter of whether the law was constitutional, but whether it infringed on the civil
liberty of privacy. A regretful outcome, as the majority opinion would pave the way for further
discrimination until 2003

Lawrence V. Texas Essay
Lawrence v. Texas In the case Lawrence v. Texas (539 U.S. 558, 2003) which was the United States
Supreme Court case the criminal prohibition of the homosexual pederasty was invalidated in Texas.
The same issue has been already addressed in 1989 in the case Bowers v. Hardwick, however, the
constitutional protection of sexual privacy was not found at that time. Lawrence overruled Bowers
and held that sexual conduct was the right protected by the due process under the Fourteenth
Amendment. The effects of the ruling were quite widespread and led to invalidation of the similar
laws throughout the United States that tried to criminalize the homosexual activity of adults which
were acting in privacy. The case attracted much of the public ... Show more content on
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Therefore, the above law prohibites any form of sexual intercourse between individuals of the same
sex. On November 20th, both men pleaded no contest to the charges and asked for dismissal of
charges based on the Fourteenth Amendment equal protection. They claimed that the law of Texas
was unconstitutional because of the prohibition of sexual activity between individuals of the same
sex but not between individuals of the different sex. In addition, they stated that their right for
privacy was violated when police officers entered the house. Lawrence and Gardner to support their
claim mentioned that the right for privacy for couples of the different sex had been recognized to
include not only sexual activity, but also the usage of contraception. The above request was rejected
by the Criminal Court and both men were fined $125 each plus $141, 25 in the court costs. Texas
District Court of Appeals Almost two months later after the arrest, the arguments were presented to
the three–judge panel of the Texas District Court of Appeals. The discussion was on both issues
raised: the equal protection and right to privacy. John Anderson and Chief Justice Paul Murphy ruled
in the favour of appellants. They found that they law was in violation of the Equal Rights
Amendment to the Texas Constitutions which prohibited any discrimination based on

Essay LGBT Equal Rights: It's Time to Legalize Sodomy
"The only part of the conduct of anyone, for which he is amenable to society, is that which concerns
others. In the part which merely concerns himself, his independence is, of right, absolute... The
principle requires liberty of taste and pursuit; of framing the plan of our life to suit our own
character; doing as we like, subject to such consequences as may follow; without impediment from
our fellow creatures, so long as what we do does not harm them, even though they should think our
conduct foolish, perverse or wrong." This quote from John Stuart Mill's On Liberty, lays out the
philosophical groundwork for the right to privacy. Although the United States Constitution does not
explicitly guarantee this right, the Supreme Court ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Halley, 1750) Hardwick petitioned the court on the grounds that Georgia's anti–sodomy act was
unconstitutional. The Hardwick case was decided by the Supreme Court in June of 1986. Although
the Court formed an opinion regarding homosexual sodomy, "it did not comment on whether laws
prohibiting heterosexual sodomy violate the right to privacy of heterosexuals." (Catania, 296)
The Supreme Court believed that the right to commit acts of sodomy are not entitled to
constitutional protection because the right in question must be either "implicit in the concept of
ordered liberty" or "deeply rooted in this nation's history and tradition." (Laveno, 1032) When
writing the majority opinion, Justice White stated that laws against sodomy have ancient roots.
These acts were forbidden by common law and in the laws of all 13 original states. According to the
court the right to engage in acts of sodomy have no deep roots in our nation's history. The Court
continued that the right to privacy did not include sodomy because "no connection between family,
marriage, or procreation on the one hand and homosexual activity on the other has been
demonstrated." (Bowers v. Hardwick)
On technical grounds, the Supreme Court handled the Hardwick case in a very

The Supreme Court And "The Sexual Revolution"
Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965). Ibid.
Buckley, Jr., William F. "Crucial Steps in Combating the Aids Epidemic; Identify All the Carriers."
New York Times: 18 March 1986. Bowers v. Hardwick 478 U.S. 186 (1986).
Ideas about sex, gender and homosexuality have been changing rapidly over the past several
decades in the United States. There are several obvious reasons for this. The primary one is legal:
various legal decisions by the United States Supreme Court have altered existing law on the subject
of sex and homosexuality, and substantially affected matters of gender as expressed in law. But there
has also been a social shift driven by medicine, largely based on response to the AIDS epidemic at
its height in the 1980s and 1990s, but also in terms of other medical matters such as contraception
and abortion.
To a certain degree, seeing how these matters have progressed since the 1960s gives a good vantage
to predicting where they will go in the future. In conclusion, I will look at the future of change on
these matters, by examining what seems to be the "avant garde" regarding matters of sex and gender,
the phenomenon of transsexualism. I hope an examination of transsexualism will point out some of
the contradictions that still continue to exist in American ideas about matters of sex. We are
accustomed to referring to a "sexual revolution" in the 1960s, but the actual consequences of that
social shift were necessarily reflected in the law. To a

Bowers V Hardwick Supreme Court Case Essay
Bowers v. Hardwick
United States Supreme Court Opinion
This case, Bowers v. Hardwick, originated when Michael Hardwick was targeted by a policer officer
for harassment in Georgia. A houseguest of Hardwick's let the officer into his home, where
Hardwick was found engaging in oral sex with his partner, who was another male. Michael
Hardwick was arrested and charged of sodomy. After charges were later dropped, Hardwick brought
his case to the Supreme Court to have the sodomy law declared unconstitutional. Justice White
delivered the opinion of the Court. Justice Burger, Powell, Rehnquist, and O'Conner joined, filing
concurring opinions. In Justice White's opinion, or while delivering it, he mentioned a lot of steps
that were taken by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hardwick relied on Stanley v. Georgia to affirm that the result should be different where
homosexual conduct occurs in the privacy of the home. Since Stanley v. Georgia had support from
the first amendment Hardwick thought he had another claim. However, as seen by Justice White,
illegal conduct is not always immunized when it happens inside the home. For example, possession
and use of illegal drugs, do not escape the law when committed at home. Since Justice White was
unpersuaded that the sodomy laws of the states should be invalidated based on the claims and he did
not agree, the judgment of the Court of Appeals is reversed. Chief Justice Burger and Justice Powell
also shared the same opinion, as Justice White read the opinion of the Court. Chief Justice Burger's
view was that there is no such thing as a fundamental right to commit homosexual sodomy in
constitutional terms. Although Chief Justice Burger had a concurring opinion with the Court, he
went back in history to support the laws against sodomy. Justice Burger talked about the
condemnation of homosexual practices is firmly rooted in Judeas–Christian moral and ethical
standards, and that homosexual sodomy was a capital crime under Roman law. Justice Powell also
joined the opinion of the Court.

Stately Home In Elizabethan England
'The main reason for building a stately home in Elizabethan times was to demonstrate the successful
career of its owner' How far does the study of Hardwick Hall support this statement?
Elizabeth Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury or simply 'Bess of Hardwick' was one of the most notable
figures in Elizabethan society made rich by four beneficial marriages and her investments in glass
and mining. Her stately home 'Hardwick Hall' is the prime example of the upper tier of Elizabethan
society. How they presented themselves, how they lived and how they advertised their wealth. But
to what extent does the building tell us about the purpose of other stately homes and the impression
the owners are trying to make? To answer this question, we will look at the reasons Hardwick Hall is
as it is, what Bess is trying to convey or prove. Namely, her wealth, intellect and pedigree. Her right
to be where she is, the cutting of ties to her lesser life and the importance of herself in the
Shrewsbury dynasty.
Hardwick Hall is Elizabeth's way of exhibiting her great wealth. She, by both marriage and
successful business ventures, became the second richest woman in England at ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In the long gallery of Hardwick Hall there are portraits of people from the Cavendish family. Bess
married Sir William Cavendish and had eight children by him. She insists even in her final identity
to exhibit everything she was, everything she is connected to. The purpose of this being so she can
be however she wants to be; Hardwick, Cavendish, St Loe or Shrewsbury. Above Hardwick are two
letters 'E.S' Elizabeth Shrewsbury. The person she will be remembered to be is Elizabeth
Shrewsbury. She is saying with these initials that she was the wealth and brains behind this mansion.
But this is nothing to do with success in business, it shows that she has been part of many families
and many dynasties but not her

Lawrence Vs Texas
The history of LGBTQIA+ rights in the United States is long and complicated. The identities within
the LGBTQIA+ community that are accepted have shifted over the years as the majority of the
population comes to understand some identities to be commonplace and struggles to understand
others. However, the gaining of rights and acceptance by the LGBTQIA+ community has nearly
always been tied to legal recognition. Lawrence v. Texas questions whether or not a Texas statute
that bans homosexual sodomy is constitutional. Although LGBTQIA+ rights issues are
controversial, the statute that convicted John Lawrence and Tyson Garner for having private,
consensual gay sex as well as the means of conviction are clearly unconstitutional on several
grounds, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Under the Fourteenth Amendment clause of Equal Protection, the sodomy statute is unconstitutional
as discriminating against a particular group of people is not protecting them equally .Lawrence and
Garner were not treated justly when they were arrested and convicted–biased police report. Talk
about the corrupt police officers, the fact that the reason the police were there was for a [later found
false] report of a weapons disturbance and did not have a warrant for supposed illegal sex acts, and
how Lawrence and Garner were not given Due Process. Since Bowers v. Hardwick upheld a sodomy
statute seventeen years prior Lawrence v. Texas, there occurred a large amount of societal change,
and seven years prior to Lawrence v. Texas, Romer v. Evans changed that even more with a
landmark anti discrimination ruling.The outdated status of the ruling of bowers, which is the current
standing on the issue. Romer ruled that laws cannot single out groups and say that they cannot
receive legal protection from discrimination. Anti sodomy statute is discrimination, Romer
established that people have the right to not be discriminated

1960s And 1970s Gender Roles Essay
Prior to the 1960s and 70s in the United States, roles were defined based on someone's gender,
family structure, and sexual orientation. Women were to be in domestic roles in a family by raising
the children, housework, and attending the husband's needs. Women were discouraged to pursue
higher education and few were supervisors in the workplace. The family was to be composed of a
husband, wife, and children. The husband was the patriarch and therefore, whatever he decided
went. Finally, homosexuality was seen as taboo and was strongly discouraged in society. However, a
sexual revolution took place during the 1960s and 1970s where roles were no longer being accepted
and people could make decisions on their own than, what society told them. With these
advancements, I find the sexual revolution to be positive and set forth practices that continue in the
21st Century thanks to those who made the challenge 60 years ago. ... Show more content on
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Women were seen as domestic servants and did not have a say in decisions. This is contrary to the
Roaring Twenties, where many women began changing norms that society had set forth by wearing
makeup, short dresses, smoking and drinking in public. The norm was to cover up the body, perform
domestic work, remain abstinence, and follow what the man said. These women became known as
flappers. However, the stereotypical housewife emerged in the 50s where she is to speak in a low
voice to not disturb her husband, tend to children, and know her place. There is an article that will
be in the bibliography that showcases the characteristics a woman was to follow. Thanks to the
Counterculture, Vietnam War Protests, and Civil Rights Movement during the 1960s, women began
once again to challenge the rules society wanted them to follow. Women demanded higher gender
pay, higher education, and privacy

Essay On California
I think I am slightly confused by the statement, "the authors of your text make an argument that
California should stand as a separate region of the United States and Canada." Does that mean as its
own region in the book or as its own self–governed country within the continent of North America?
I believe there has been some talk in the media about the idea that California could try to secede
from the US. I think if any state could conceivably stand as its own country, California would
definitely be in the running, due to the fact that it seems to have a little bit of everything
encompassed in over 163,000 square miles. Obviously, there are mountains throughout the state, but
in terms of vegetation it ranges from coniferous forest type trees ... Show more content on
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I am not sure where exactly the dividing line should be drawn, simply that it seems silly to try and
create a region out of an area that clearly fits in all three diverse regions.
I think the California gold rush could have contributed to the hold California has on the American
imagination. I think that even if they were unable to strike it rich, just the possibility of the hope, the
dream that it could happen was enough to prompt a large influx of people into the state throughout
the 1800's. In modern times, I think the perceived mystique of Hollywood and Disney continue to be
a huge draw for the American public.
The Pacific Northwest is distinctive due to the fact that many areas are isolated from the rest of the
North America by land and are only accessible by air or water (Hardwick, Shelley & Holtgrieve.)
One of my favorite facts is that Seattle is the birthplace of grunge rock, the grunge movement was
huge when I was a kid and it really helped me expand my music listening horizons past my parents
music preferences into grunge and punk

Rebecca Ann Latimer Felton's Role In Politics
Rebecca Ann Latimer Felton was born June 10, 1835 in Decatur, Georgia. "Outspoken, determined,
and irascible, Felton was involved in public life from the 1870s through the 1920s. She first entered
politics during her husband's successful campaign for the House of Representatives and went on to
work as a lecturer and newspaper writer, before becoming the first woman to serve in the United
States Senate" (history.house.org). In 1852 she went to college where she met a commencement
speaker William H. Felton; he was state legislative, physician, Methodist minister and a planter.
Rebecca and William got married a year later moving to Cartersville. Rebecca had 5 children, but
only one child survived his childhood. Rebecca started to know the public due to her husband's
political career. She would publish his speeches and wrote newspaper articles. Rebecca Felton
managed her husband's successful 1874 campaign for Congress when he ran as an Independent
Democrat representing up–country Georgia. William served in the U.S. House from 1875 to 1881
and, later, the state house of representatives from 1884 to 1890. Rebecca continued ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was an active participant in her husband's campaigns. "I made appointments for speaking,
recruited speakers, answered newspaper attacks, contracted for the printing and distribution of
circulars and sample ballots," she recalled, "and more than all, kept a brave face to the foe and a
smiling face to the almost exhausted candidate." Her presence on the campaign trail–an unusual
place to find a woman then–drew fire from William's opponents. She would later recall, "I did not
stop to think what a change this was for a young woman considered only an ornament and
household mistress." As William's congressional secretary in "Washington City," she managed her
husband's correspondence and speeches while writing columns for two local newspapers

Consensual Sodomy
Marriage is defined as a sacred union between two people, traditionally a man and a woman. The
21st Century has pushed the boundaries of societal views of 'traditional marriage' with the legal
recognition of homosexual partnerships. In 2001, the Pew Research Polling Center began
conducting surveys to gage public opinion on homosexual marriage. They discovered that over the
span of 15 years the approval rate for homosexual marriage increased from 35% in 2001 to 55% in
2015. While the approval rate for same sex marriage grew 20% in 15 years (around .75% per year)
the percentage of those who opposed naturally decreased at roughly the same pace. The disapproval
rate in 2001 was 57% but by 2015 it had declined to 39%. What changed? Advocates of ... Show
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In 1996 President Bill Clinton signed the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) into federal law. The
purpose of DOMA was to place a federal legal definition on marriage. DOMA defined marriage in
federal law as 'only a legal union between one man and one woman as husband and wife, and the
word "spouse" refers only to a person of the opposite sex who is a husband or a wife (1 U.S.C. 7).'
The act allowed for states to recognize or grant homosexual couples the right to marriage but
prevented those same couples from receiving the federal benefits of marriage. It also amended The
Full Faith and Credit Statute to include the provision that 'No State, territory, or possession of the
United States, or Indian tribe, shall be required to give effect to any public act, record, or judicial
proceeding of any other State, territory, possession, or tribe respecting a relationship between
persons of the same sex that is treated as a marriage under the laws of such other State, territory,
possession, or tribe, or a right or claim arising from such relationship.' This indicates that if one
State passes legislation that allows same–sex couples to marry, corresponding States are not legally
bound to recognize the marriage. Furthermore, since under the eyes of the federal government
marriage is legally between a man and a woman the States cannot be forced or obligated

Chris Hardwick, King Of The Nerds
The line between television and the Internet seems to be growing more and more blurred as
networks and producers learn to adapt to using online media to grow and capture new audiences. A
recent article, "Chris Hardwick, King of the Nerds Is Expanding His Empire" by Lorne Manly in the
New York Times features a profile of entertainer Chris Hardwick, who is described as the "model of
an entertainment brand for a multiscreen generation" (Manly, par. 5). As a fan of both Chris
Hardwick and of geek culture, I found this article to be a fascinating profile of how savvy use of
media can allow performers to reach a much wider audience than television alone.
Manly's profile article discusses how Hardwick has transitioned from a television personality to a
celebrity across multiple forms of media, while continuing to expand into new television ventures.
Chris Hardwick went from an obscure MTV game show host and stand–up comedian to a likeable
and trusted face of geek culture. He achieves this appeal by keeping true to his roots and interests
and adapting to new forms of communication to boost his popularity. After several failed attempts at
acting, Hardwick decided to pursue his interest in technology, science fiction, television, comic
books and video games through blogging and podcasting, and found that fans related to his likeable
approach and genuine enthusiasm for all things nerdy.
Hardwick, like his fan base, is very Internet savvy and literate in online culture, and he

Healing Touch Literature Review
Throughout the history of nursing, touch has been a hallmark for nursing care. The strategy of touch
offers the nurse a way to interact with a patient in a therapeutic and healing way (Coakley, Barron,
& Annese, 2016). Today, nursing care is a fast pace environment that is focused on using equipment
to monitor patients and passing of medications with very little time for a human connection between
nurses and patients (Hardwick, Pulido, & Adelson, 2012). Currently, acute care nursing is changing
to a system that is more accepting of nonpharmacological approaches to the care of patients,
therefore healing touch can be an intervention that nurses use for patients that is valuable (Anderson,
Friesen, Swengros, Herbst, & Mangione, 2017). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The nurses who participated in this study had completed at least Level One healing touch training at
the Inova Health System. Participates attended focus group meetings where they were asked to
provide narratives about using healing touch practices and the techniques they used. Many of the
nurses said that they used healing touch everyday with their patients during every shift with only a
few times that they did not use it. The nurses could find successful ways to incorporate healing
touch into their practice. During this study nurses who participated were able to recognize the
benefits of healing touch in creating a caring and healing relationships. When healing touch was
used, nurses noticed a sense of calmness in oneself that created an environment of calm as a whole
in the unit they were working on (Anderson et al., 2017). Hardwick et al. (2012) investigated the use
of healing touch effects on the anxiety and pain that was present for 41 patients that underwent
Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty. A likert scale to rate pain and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory
was used. Foley et. al (2016) conducted similar research to explore the effects of healing touch had
on adult patients who have had outpatient surgery. This study included 81 participants who were
separated into two groups. The first group of patients were receiving only traditional nursing care
and the second group receiving traditional nursing

Lawrence Vs Texas
Lawrence v Texas Lawrence v Texas was the inspiration of changing the gay rights, and if wasn't for
this case gay rights wouldn't be where it is today . In the case Lawrence v. Texas, which was the
United States Supreme Court case the criminal prohibition of the homosexual consent was
invalidated in Texas. John Lawrence and Tyron Garner were arrested for having an illegal type of
sex. However this law was only enforced in the state of Texas. Lawrence and Garner's appeal was
that what they had been doing was protected the Fourteenth Amendment, which, "prohibits state and
local government officials from depriving persons of life, liberty, or property without legislative
authorization." The court's final decision was 6–3 in favor of Lawrence. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The case of Lawrence v Texas was not just a simple Court Case. The Supreme Court put an end to
all of sodomy laws, and put an end to states that had laws that, "criminalized only same–sexual
conduct and laws that criminalized oral and anal sex irrespective of the sex of the participants." It
also reversed the decision of Bowers v Hardwick, a law that upheld Georgia's sodomy laws. In the
picture above it is John Lawrence, and Tyron Garner reciting the Pledge of Allegiance at a Houston
rally after the Supreme Court's decision that the sodomy law was unconstitutional. This picture
shows big of an impact the decision was. During the whole case these men did not believe in the
laws of the constitution, and that America great. However in this picture it shows the two men
showing that they believe America is

Vladimir Lenin's Involvement Of Women During The October...
After women's participation in the October Revolution, Vladimir Lenin gave women social rights
through the liberation women by allowing them to work in male–dominated areas of jobs. During
World War II, women in the USSR were advantageous because they were able to provide labor
while the men were absent serving their nation through combat (WHKMLA). Lenin and the
Bolsheviks recognized the positive impact women had during the war and decided that women
participating in the October Revolution was the key for the revolution to be successful (Z, Minkin).
After seeing the power the women had during the successful revolution, Lenin decided to liberate
the women by offering them new jobs, such as being engineers and doctors (Wolanski). Because of
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the USSR, it was believed that the involvement of women was necessary in order for the USSR to
achieve its goal of having a single class or workers and peasants. In order to attain this goal, the
state required the women to be workers by promoting the completion of an education therefore
women can obtain a career (Hardwick). By giving women an education, the women were allowed to
perform high tasks from their new and improved career. The participation of women also enabled
the government to grant women the right to vote (Hardwick). By having the right to vote, women
were allowed to have an opinion on the construction of their nation's political and economic
government. By giving the right to vote, the women were legally allowed to speak their voice,
which further expanded the social rights they were obtaining. Although some argue that the women
were discriminated when performing their tasks because they never attained any higher ranking for a
leadership position or gain higher wages (Z, Minkin). However, that conflict's duration was
temporary because now in the modern era, according to Article 19 of the Constitution of the Russian
Federation, it is stated that men and women shall enjoy equal rights and freedoms and have equal
opportunities to exercise them (Popova). This means that women are now no longer discriminated,
have gained social rights and are not seen inferior to

The Challenges Of Seamus Heaney
This essay will analyse the challenges Seamus Heaney faced during the process of translation and
writing, including his own conscious effort to make the play suitable for a modern audience. It will
demonstrate how Heaney's use of language and poetry aided in presenting modern ideas through the
timbre of Irish/English diction and idiom in an attempt to make the play more 'speakable'.
Identifying features of Greek theatrical conventions and how Heaney used these to shape his play.
Heaney also presents social and political issues through The Burial at Thebes in a way that resonates
with a contemporary audience. The responsibility of the translator of a piece first intended for
performance are complex. The challenges can be different depending on whether a translation is
commissioned for performance or for publication in text, or both. Translation of an ancient Greek
play is far more than simply an act of transmission of one language into another, it involves the
conveyance of a context and finding a balance of reference which will both keep faith with the
original and allow for current thinking. There are many variables in the approaches to translating an
ancient Greek play, these can include, attempting to be accurate to the original Greek letter and
meaning, communicating the spirit and feel of the original, or a pragmatic translation where the
emphasis is on the target language and culture (Hardwick, 2008, p. 207). A translator would have to
make decisions about the

The Rights Of Gay Rights In The LGBT Rights
LGBT rights are one of the most argued rights today. These rights are protected by the Fourteenth
Amendment. This amendment states that you cannot deny a person equal protection, and some
people completely ignore this when it comes to the LGBT community. People tend to believe that if
someone is a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and so forth, that there is something wrong with
them and that they need help. That's not the case at all. People in the LGBT community are just like
everyone else that isn't in that category. They're trying to be true to who they are and that is so hard
when you know that so many people in this world are disgusted by gays. Everyone deserves love,
whether it be from someone of the opposite sex or the same sex. Some people see two girls together
and think that it's "inappropriate" or "disgusting", and that they should be with a man.
Heterosexuality is the sexuality that most parents force upon their children whether they notice it or
not. "Do you have a boyfriend?" is one way that a parent is throwing heterosexuality in their
daughter's face. It's not that their being forceful about it, or even trying to be rude, it's just the most
common thing of what they're used to, but it's not always going to be that way. It's crucial to know
that there are people in this world that are gay, lesbian, and bisexual. I'm in no way trying to speak
for the LGBT community, but my goal concerning this paper is to discuss Supreme Court cases on
same–sex couples and to cover areas where the LGBT community
Lambert 2 may not always get treated as equally as straight people. To being with, a Supreme Court
case that was tried was the case of Bowers v. Hardwick in 1986. This case occurred after a man
named Michael Hardwick was found in bed with another man. Hardwick was charged with sodomy
and was taken to Court. Hardwick argued that it was a right of privacy and believed that his
relationship didn't concern others. The Court disagreed, and ruled 5 to 4 that the right of privacy was
not protected in cases with homosexual adults, even if they had consented. The charges against
Hardwick were dropped, and a man named Justice Powell, a member of majority, said that his vote
was mistaken. Powell thought that if

The Gender Wage Gap
The Gender Wage Gap
In 1920, women were given the right to vote. In 1948, women were permitted to serve in the Armed
Forces. In 1963, the Equal Pay Act was put into place. Women have come such a long way, fighting
for their rights, but there are still inequalities they face today. One of these well–known inequalities
is the gender wage gap. The gender wage gap is an issue due to the margin of pay between men and
women, stereotypes that surround working women, and motherhood, among many others.
Although the Equal Pay Act was put into place, women still are not paid as much as men. On
average, women are paid 79 cents for every dollar men are paid. This is even worse for women of
minorities. Black women are paid 63 cents for every dollar men are paid, and Hispanic women are
paid 54 cents for every dollar men are paid (Hoover). This is surprising, especially because research
says women affect roughly 80% of customers' purchases positively (Reich and McCulloch). Women
are doing the same work and the same amount of work as men, but are not getting paid as much. For
example, "Female financial specialists make 66% of what males do. Doctors make 71%, and
lawyers and judges make 87%," (Hardwick). Females working the same job as males are being paid
fractions of what the men are paid. Instead of society bettering itself, it has taken steps back because
of this discrimination.
The average pay gap between genders may have to with the many stereotypes that surround women.
When someone

Hardwick Argumentative Essay
Hardwick, which was a 1986 US Supreme Court ruling that upheld Georgia's sodomy law,"
("Lawrence v. Texas."). Love wins for the first time in the United States on May 17, 2004, when the
first legal same–sex marriage in the United States takes place in Massachusetts, between Marcia
Kadish and Tanya McCloskey ("First Legal Same–Sex Marriage Performed in Massachusetts.").
Almost twenty years later than when the policy was signed, on September 20, 2011, "Don't Ask,
Don't Tell" is repealed, ending the ban on allowing LGBTQ members from serving openly in the
military (Frumin). A big event took place on September 4, 2012 when, "The Democratic Party
became the first major US political party in history to publicly support same–sex marriage on a
national

Geographers Susan Hardwick
1. Hardwick, Susan. (2004). "Encouraging Girls to be Geographers". The Geography Teacher, 1:1,
8–9, DOI:10.1080/19338341.2004.11089825.
In this article, Susan Hardwick discusses why girls typically outperform boys in geography and as
they get older lose interest. It also discusses ways to support them in class and get them to pursue a
career in geography. It says that, "completing collaborative assignments, playing geography games,
role playing, conducting interviews and writing personal narratives" are all ways to support girls in
geography classrooms. I'll could use this information to make sure some of my activities are similar
to the ones on this list because I will have girls in class, unless I teach at an all–boys school, so it's
important ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Davidson, John. (2004). "Borderline", The Geography Teacher, 1:1,43, DOI:
10.180/19338341.2004.11089838.
In this article, John Davidson discusses the educational cardgame, "Borderline". The article
describes the game and how it is played. The pack includes one card from each state or country,
water cards and wildcards and each person gets 8 cards. The objective of the game is to get rid of
their cards playing a location card that borders the previous card played. There's various versions
such as USA, the World and Africa. This would work in my unit as something the students can do if
they get done an assignment early because they'll be learning about what areas surround Egypt.
5. (2005). "Google Earth–Digital Toy or Classroom Tool?" The Geography Teacher, 3:1, 18–18,
DOI: 10.180/19338341.2006.11089882.
In this article, the author discusses the use of Google Earth as a tool to be used in the classroom,
rather than something to fool around with online. It also says that there are Google Earth Lessons
where the teacher can take that lesson and use it in class. Personally, I would rather use Google
Earth as a hook, sometime at the beginning of class, as a homework assignment or as a replacement
for normal stagnant

Bowers Vs Hardwick Case
The fourteen Amendments have given a rational change for society. Most of the cases have given
society the opportunity to establish a different perspective about a daily routine. All of those cases
were decided because of the 14th Amendment, giving citizenship rights and equal protection of the
laws. However, the Amendment also limits the actions of all state and local officials. Dred Scott v.
Stanford, Dred Scott taken by his owner he travel to Free states and he attempted to sue for his
freedom, but he was still a property to his owner. The Constitutional question was that if he was
considering a freeman or a property? However the decision of the Supreme Court ruled an Act of
Congress to be unconstitutional. It was a 7–2 decision, and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Hardwick, decided in 1986. It was overturned in 2003, which upheld 5–4 decisions, it was for the
activity of oral and anal sex in private between adults, and it was applied to homosexuals. Lawrence
v. Texas was decided in 2003. This was same–sex sexual activity legal, in 13 states and in other
parts of the United States. It was 5 justice majorities, which also overturned the same case of
Bowers v. Hardwick and did not find a constitutional protection of sexual privacy. DeShaney v.
Winnebago Country Department of Social Services, was decided 1989 by the Supreme Court.
Which basically held that it has a failure to prevent child abuse by a parent does not violate the
child's right, the liberty of following the 14th amendment. Loving v. Virginia, decided in 1967, and
invalidated laws prohibiting interracial marriage. Two couples were sentenced to jail for a year,
because they had married each other, a white man and black women. Their marriage violated the
state's anti–miscegenation, which prohibited people from marrying each other, especially if they
were from a different race. The Supreme Court decision was unanimous, which determined that this
prohibition was unconstitutional. Therefore, it was an ending all race legal marriage in the United

Bowers v. Hardwick (1986) Essay examples
Bowers v. Hardwick (1986)
In Bowers v. Hardwick (1986), the Supreme Court abandoned its previous doctrine for ruling upon
an individual's right to privacy. Written by Justice White, the opinion of the Court in this case
focused on the morality of sodomy, particularly sodomy between homosexuals, rather than the
constitutional question of privacy. The Court made substantial progress in defining the right to
privacy in the preceding years, but the decision in Bowers demonstrated that even the "highest Court
in the land" is sometimes unable to look beyond stereotypes and prejudices (Banks, 92).
In Bowers, the Court protected a statute which enabled Georgia to prosecute a homosexual for
engaging in sodomy in his home. This ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus the right to practice safe sex, to bear or beget a child, in short, to have sexual freedom, was
decided to be Constitutionally protected.
In Bowers, however, the court abandoned this stance in favor of tradition. Justice White did not
adhere to precedents because homosexuals would be given more sexual freedom. For White, the
rationale for previous cases, "procreative choice and family autonomy," became meaningless in a
sodomy case. Central to the majority's opinion was its belief that "recognition of a fundamental right
requires that the right be either deeply rooted in this nation's history, or implicit in the concept of
ordered liberty" (Law Review, 12). America had historically persecuted homosexuals and the
majority felt that if this tradition was not maintained, America might loose its morals. White feared
that by condoning private homosexual conduct the court would likewise be allowing adultery,
incest, and other sexual crimes to occur" (Banks 85). He therefore understood the state's justification
for proscribing sodomy to be their interest in regulating morality within the state, which met the
state's need to demonstrate a compelling interest for their statute.
The dissenters in this case "criticized the majority opinion's focus on the particular act rather than
the underlying right to freedom from government intrusion" (Law Review 12). In his dissent,
Blackmun questioned the majority's "blind imitation of the

Shelmes And Watson Comparison
The stories of Sherlock Holmes provide us with two fictional characters that are virtually polar
opposites: Holmes and Watson. Holmes is the observant, deceptive, know–it–all detective, and
Watson is his somewhat unobservant, quiet, and intelligent assistant. Many may discover that one of
the two are somewhat relatable. In my case, that relatable character would be Watson. Therefore, my
personality and actions are more similar to Watson's than they are to Holmes's. I am more like
Watson considering as I am a loyal companion, I have emotions, and I accept that I do not know
everything. One way that I am similar to Watson is that I have been a loyal comrade to several
people. The prime example of this would be his submissive actions in ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This reveals that Watson has been absorbed in his marriage, which is an union full of emotion and
care, while Holmes does drugs and sits in his office chasing down criminals. I myself am rather
sensitive and feel many different emotions. I also put people before profession when I left school
early to visit my father and grandmother (at different times) when they were in the hospital. Their
lives are more important.To put family over profession is to put love over greed, and I believe that I
do that well. Watson, like me, does not become upset when reminded that there are many concepts
that he does not know or observe. He is reminded of this by Holmes in The Adventure of the Blue
Carbuncle. "'I can see nothing,' said I, handing it back to my friend. 'On the contrary, Watson, you
can see everything. You fail, however, to reason from what you see. You are too timid in drawing
inferences.' 'Then pray, tell me, what is it that you can infer from this hat?" (Doyle 2).This shows
Watson being reminded that he is not all–knowing and not lashing out. He takes it, knowing it is
true. Although I am a terrible perfectionist, I understand that I am far from perfect and all–knowing.
I, too, am well aware of my own ignorance and the ignorance of humankind

Upbringing Of Same Sex Marriage
Shania Lyons Watson
History II– HN
Period: 9
Upbringing Of Same Sex Marriage In The United States
The importance of love has abruptly changed society forever.Same sex marriage has evolved over
time. Before the law was passed in 2015 that it was legal for same sex can get married in any state in
the United States; they had to build that foundation to get to this point. People that were not man and
woman marriages were frowned upon by people that was not for it. These people were murdered,
whipped, said they had a disorder, and brutally beaten until they " changed their ways". The plethora
of court cases, Harvey Milk, and The Defense Of Marriage Act are all examples of the coming of
age of same sex marriage.
Over the years from the early 1900s to the present 20th century marriage has made a 360. From
deaths, jail time, and whippings; this is what molds the upbringing of same sex marriage.
The Society of Human Rights was the first and the oldest documented gay rights organization. It
was established in 1924 in Chicago, Illinois. Also the first state to decriminalize homosexuality.
Friendships and Freedoms were the first American publications on the topic of homosexuality. It
was founded by Henry Gerber, the society shortly ended after a majority of members were arrested.
The foundation still gets it recognition despite how small and the short existence it had, it was a
milestone for the LGBT(the "Q" for queer or questioning was not included in the acronym until

The Fight For Gay Rights Movement
Today, the fight for homosexual right is at the forefront of society, which yields a greater thrust
towards full equality to heterosexuals with every passing day. This campaign for equality is known
as the Modern Gay Rights Movement. The modern struggle for gay rights started as early as The
Civil Rights Movement in 1954, and still continues today (Britannica). The Civil Rights Movement,
from 1954–1968, sparked oppressed people to fight for their rights. In this period, shockwaves from
blacks' gaining equality rippled onto the movement for homosexual rights; gays saw new
opportunities to gain a public foothold. Additionally, they sought recognition as a viable movement–
especially after the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
With an arrest warrant, a police officer arrived at Hardwick's house; as he was investigating the
house, he found Hardwick engaged in oral sex with another male. The officer arrested Hardwick on
the infringement of the Georgia statute that prohibited homosexual sodomy. The law stated: "Anal or
oral intercourse between human beings, or any sexual relations between a human being and an
animal, the act of which may be punishable as a criminal offense" (Self). The sodomy charges were
dropped when the state prosecutor declined to prosecute the case. However, Hardwick, along with
the American Civil Liberties Union, challenged the constitutionality of the law. The appealed the
district court decision to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, and succeeded
in having it overturned, on the basis that the case interfered with the 4th Amendment: the right to
privacy (Stoddard). The nine justices ruling the Supreme Court decided the Court would uphold the
law in a 5–4 vote. In their dissent, the justices "disdained neither legal principles nor legal
reasoning" (Stoddard). The Court rejected several arguments, and most importantly; the fundamental
right to engage in homosexual activity, even in the privacy of a home. This rejection by Justice
White was on the basis that "illegal conduct is not always immunized whenever it occurs in the
home" (Oyez).
It is unconstitutional that one is being persecuted for expressing their sexual

The Gender Payage Gap : Equality And Equality
In 1920, women were given the right to vote. In 1948, women were permitted to serve in the Armed
Forces. In 1963, the Equal Pay Act was put into place. Women have come such a long way, fighting
for their rights, but there are still inequalities they face today. One of these well–known inequalities
is the gender wage gap. The gender wage gap is a real issue due to the margin of pay between men
and women, stereotypes that surround working women, and motherhood, among many others.
Although the Equal Pay Act was put into place, women still are not paid as much as men. On
average, women are paid 79 cents for every dollar men are paid. This is even worse for women of
minorities. Black women are paid 63 cents for every dollar men are paid, and Hispanic women are
paid 54 cents for every dollar men are paid (Hoover). This is surprising, especially because research
says women affect roughly 80% of customers' purchases positively (Reich and McCulloch). Women
are doing the same work and the same amount of work as men, but are not getting paid as much. For
example, "Female financial specialists make 66% of what males do. Doctors make 71%, and
lawyers and judges make 87%," (Hardwick). Females working the same job as males are being paid
fractions of what the men are paid. Instead of society bettering itself, it has taken steps back because
of this discrimination.
The average pay gap between genders may have to with the many stereotypes that surround women.
When someone attends a job interview, one of the things that is usually discussed is how much the
potential employee would like or expect to be paid. Research shows that male and female managers
are less likely to want to work with women who negotiate during the job interview (Hardwick).
Imagine a woman being turned down a job because they took the initiative to negotiate. The
stereotype that women should always agree with others is present. To help with the problem of
women not getting paid enough, Massachusetts and Philadelphia officials passed a law that said
employers cannot ask potential employees about their past pay rates (Hoover). With this law, women
can negotiate salary based on experience, not past pay.
Although some believe in the stereotype that women

Thekli Case Study: Behavior Problems In School
The father reported when the child was in third grade there were behavior problems in school. He
indicated that the child would go school, but would not go to class. He stated that Thekli would sit at
the security desk or in the principal's office and or in door of the classroom. Mr. Chronis stated that
Thekli would fight every morning with the mother (the child would change her clothes three times)
and the mother would get upset. He indicated at times Thekli would not get out of bed or brush her
teeth. The father reported that she would be obstinate and difficult when it was time to get ready for
school. The father stated that did not think that the treatment with Dr. McGrath was productive for
the child. He indicated that the clinician met ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Chronis reported in the February of 2016, the child began seeing Dr. Robin Hardwick. He indicated
during this time the child's mother had been hospitalized during the summer and the family was
involved with Child Protective Services. He indicated that the child was also meeting with Ms. Lu
the guidance counselor, she taught Thekli to write down thoughts in a notebook. The father stated
that the school recommended Dr. Robin Hardwick from the Pride of Judea. He indicated that he
called and was scheduled for an intake in February. Mr. Chronis stated that the mother was not
present due to the Order of Protection in place. The father stated that the child had a
neuropsychology evaluation, he indicated that the mother was aware of the meeting. He indicated
that the mother attended separately because of the Order of Protection. He indicated that the child
has met with the clinician weekly. He reports that it will take time for the child to open up to
clinician. He indicated that the Dr. Hardwick is trying to build trust through roleplaying. The father
stated that the child is cooperative and likes to take control of situations. He indicated that he meets
with Dr. Hardwick once a month, as well as telephone communication. Mr. Chronis stated that he is
unclear is unclear if the mother is having contact with the clinician.
Mr. Chronis stated that the clinician has not given any direction to the parents to address the child's
refusal to see her mother. The father reported that he does not think that Dr. Hardwick is the right
person for Thekli. He feels that the child is getting to know the therapist but she needs someone who
will assist her around the defiance. The father reported that he worries about the child because she
does not show

Hardwick Hall Scandal
On Saturday the junior class set up and ran a carnival for children and families on the turf and
athletic fields behind Hardwick Hall. Organized over the summer by Mrs. Ryerson and Mrs. Shaw
as an orientation activity, events ranged from Corn Hole bean bag toss and ladder–ball to face
painting and other arts and crafts. Snow Cones and Cotton Candy gave comfort to many in the hot
afternoon, and ring toss, bowling, and fishing games brought joy to young faces as they competed
for prize tickets on the turf. Many staff families attended, and when asked if he was enjoying the
carnival Finn Devaney said "yep." The juniors had a great time as well; George Pektor stated that his
favorite thing about the carnival was "seeing the smiles on the little

Lawrence V. Texas: The Justification For The LGBT Community
Lawrence v. Texas: The Justification for the Decision and its Significance for the LGBTQ+
Community
The history of LGBTQ+ rights in the United States is long and complicated. LGBTQ+ identities that
are accepted by people outside that community change with time, as some identities establish
themselves as commonplace while others are just being introduced to non–LGBTQ+ people.
However, rights and acceptance for the LGBTQ+ community are nearly always tied to legal
recognition. Lawrence v. Texas questions whether or not a Texas statute that bans homosexual
sodomy is constitutional. Although LGBTQ+ rights issues are controversial, everyone deserves to
be equally protected under law regardless of sexual orientation. Likewise, the Fourteenth
Amendment's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The ruling in Lawrence v. Texas reflects that, and it is justified by the unconstitutionality of the
sodomy statute in question, the fact that Lawrence and Garner's arrest was unconstitutional, the
precedent set by Romer, and the outdated nature of the previous ruling on sodomy statutes in
Bowers. Additionally, the mental well–being of the LGBTQ+ community will be improved by this
ruling, further justifying it and its necessity. People should not be discriminated against simply
because they have sex with people whose gender matches their own, and the Lawrence ruling, in
reducing the amount of discrimination that is possible, allows an equal future to be a possible

Lochner Vs New York Case Study
Lochner versus New York (1905) Included a New York Law that constrained the hours that a dough
puncher could work fourteenth Amendment due procedure provision disallowed "absurd,
superfluous and discretionary impedance with the privilege and freedom of the person to contract."
Used to discredit business regulation until "the switch in time that spared none" in 1937 Griswald
versus Connecticut – 1965. Included a law which forbids a specialist from administering
contraceptives. 7/2 choice yet had no sacred premise for the choice. ninth correction – the
specification in the Constitution of specific rights might not be interpreted to deny or decry others
held by the individuals. first, third, fourth, fifth – penumbra of security

Lawrence Vs Texas Essay
In United States Landmark decision, Lawrence v. Texas, what was the syllogism used by the
majority that is the major premise, the minor premise, and the conclusion of the Court? The
Supreme Court Justices agreed on the major premise that, "Liberty presumes an autonomy of self
that includes freedom of thought, belief, expression, and certain intimate conduct. The instant case
involves liberty of the person both in its spatial and more transcendent dimensions." Liberty as
defined by the court is taken or supposed to be true because it consists of the First Amendment
rights of "freedom of thought, belief, expression",but the court also included " certain intimate
conduct" as a liberty. The court is correct that "certain intimate conduct" is a liberty. Because of the
courts major premise the court came to the minor premise that, "It suffices for us to acknowledge
that adults may choose to enter upon this relationship in the confines of their homes and their own
private lives and still retain their dignity as free persons." However, "certain intimate conduct" is a
liberty for one to do when it is legal according to the Laws of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Texas, in a 6–3 decision, the Supreme Court decided that a Texas statute criminalizing John Gettes
Lawrence and Tyron Garner for engaging in certain intimate sexual conduct violates the United
States Constitution. What was the precedent that served as the base point, what factors (similarities
or dissimilarities) did the Court consider in its discussion of the relationship between the precedent
and this case, what was the majority's conclusion in its analogy, and why? In Lawrence v. Texas, the
supreme court justices distinguished Bowers v. Hardwick as legal precedent. Although it sets legal
precedents, the court stated, "For this inquiry we deem it necessary to reconsider the Court's holding
in

Lillian Gobitis Case Study
Lillian Gobitits v. Minersville School District: Walter Gobitis was a converted Jehovah's Witnesses.
He did not push this religion upon his kids. His children are Lillian and William Gobitis. They chose
to not salute the flag on their own, after they listened to Joseph F. Rutherford, leader of the
American Witness. Joseph said: "Witnesses do not 'Hail Hitler' or any other creature" (page 16).
Afterwards the kids were bullied and teased. A local church also took action against the Gobitis
family and boycotted Walter Gobitis' General Store. Charles E. Roudabush, Minersville School
Superintendent, expelled Lillian and William Gobitis for "Failure to salute the flag in our school
exercise." Judge Albert B. Maris was the Gobitis' lawyer. He found ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
and Ethel Lee Shelley moved into their new home with their six children at 4600 Labadie Avenue,
with the help from their pastor, Robert Bishop. Just a few days later, they received and eviction
notice from Louis and Fern Kraemer. The Shelleys had apparently unlawfully purchased a building
which was "covered" by restrictive racial covenant. The growing use of racial covenants to maintain
residential apartheid led the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People to begin,
in 1922, a legal campaign against their enforcement. "The issue is much broader than that of simply
preventing discrimination against negroes," the NAACP noted in 1930, "for already such restrictive
covenants have been used against Jews and Catholics." Thurgood Marshall, NAACP special
counsel, guided the attending lawyers toward a coordinated legal campaign in courts around the
country, designed to force the Supreme Court to accept on or more cases for decision. William K.
Koerner was appointed judge of the case. George Vaughn argued against the covenant. He pointed
out that there are five houses on the block had been occupied by blacks and nice out of the thirty–
nine owners on the block in 1911 had failed to sign the document. Judge Koerner's refused to
enforce the covenant against the Shelleys because of the nine initial owners did not sign. In
December of 1946, the Missouri Supreme Court reversed Judge Koerners' decision. Judge James N.
Douglas held that "the agreement by its terms intended to cover only the property of those owners
who signed it." "it must have been their intention to prevent greatly increases occupancy by

The US Constitution on Privacy Rights
I. Introduction
The U.S. constitution contains no expression of valued rights in considering privacy. Therefore, the
Supreme Court has adopted a rather narrow interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment specifically
in regards to the term liberty, as established in the due process clause . Earlier Supreme Court
decisions were not concerned with how states constituted their residents. Thus, any state, at this
time, was at the liberty to deprive its residents of their first amendment, freedom of speech, religion,
and press. However, this is much leniency and room for interpretation in the Due Process Clause,
because it may be stretched to constitute not only at federal level but the state level. Reinterpretation
under the 14th amendment ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Basically, a state choosing to regulate health services, such as contraceptives, by prohibiting the uses
and deem them as crimes, if used, rather than focusing on the sales and manufacturing, is clearly an
unfavorable effect towards a marital relationship.
III. The Right to Abortion
The Griswold v. Connecticut is greatly remarkable and struck controversy in the hearts of many.
Thus, in relation to the Griswold v. Connecticut case is yet another controversial case decided seven
years later, Roe v. Wade (1973). This case serves as a landmark case involving the issue of privacy
under the due process clause, however consisted of moderately different facts compared to the
Griswold v. Connecticut case, in that a pregnant woman brought to Court, in the state of Texas, the
proscribing dispute to terminate a pregnancy, which under Texas law abortion subsisted as a
criminal statute. The rather surprising aspect of this case was the Courts ruled it as constitutional.
The Supreme Court ruled, in a 7–2 vote, that the rights of a woman to decide whether or not to
become a mother is a right to privacy, which is protected under the Fourteenth Amendment.
Individual freedom is crucial in this case in that a mother should have the decision to abort a
pregnancy. In the majority opinion, provided by Justice

MMI Scm Personal Statement
My early research experience exposed me to science and the power of model systems to study
fundamental cellular processes. However, my experience in the MMI ScM program was a turning
point in my life: it inspired a passion for science and made me realize that I could be a scientist.
Immediately after I joined the program, I knew that the Hardwick laboratory was a perfect fit for
me. There, I worked on a yeast project that focused on the genome–wide consequences of evolving
secondary mutations, whereby these secondary mutations affect nutrient responses and/or heat–
stress–induced cell death. Thus, mutation of any single gene may cause a genomic imbalance, with
consequences sufficient to drive adaptive genetic changes. The findings from this ... Show more
in the Nutrition and Metabolic Biology program at Columbia University to explore the connection
between nutrients and aging. Aging is an inevitable phenomenon in the human population and
contributes to age–associated disorders; however, the root causes of age–associated declines in
cellular processes remain unsolved. I joined Dr. Liza Pon's laboratory to use the power of yeast as a
model system to study aging by investigating mother–daughter age asymmetry, the whereby babies
are born young, largely independent of the age of their parents. Dr. Pon and her lab established actin
cytoskeleton dynamics as an age–determinant, which allows daughter cells to preferentially inherit
fitter mitochondria from the mother cell along the actin cytoskeleton. I have also assisted in a related
project, which revealed that mitochondrial dynamics also contributes to mitochondrial inheritance
through effects on mitochondria anchorage in the bud tip and was recently published in Molecular
Biology of the Cell. For my doctoral research, I am characterizing novel open reading frames in the
regulation of actin cytoskeleton and mitochondrial quality that results in promoting longevity. The
training I received from Dr. Hardwick and MMI have proven crucial in development of my technical
and intellectual abilities needed to begin this quest for elucidating a novel mechanism for aging,
which can provide insight into future therapies for aging–associated

Sylvia Plath Analysis
Regarded as one of the most famous confessional poets of the 20th century, Sylvia Plath's romance
with death has captivated the attention of a multitude of readers, but unfortunately, like most
distinguished authors, the height of her fame occurred after her death. In The New York Review of
Books, Elizabeth Hardwick observes that much of Plath's success was due to the fact that "no one
went as far as she did" and no writer was ever as raw and destructive as Plath was. (Hardwick). Her
brutal and autobiographical works often explore her own mental instability, unresolved issues with
her parents, and her failed marriage to fellow poet, Ted Hughes. Despite the depression that is rooted
in the vast majority of her writing, Plath was a brilliant young woman who was determined to
master everything that life had to offer. However, perfectionism was soon proven to be her downfall.
Born to a German immigrant professor, Otto Plath, and one of his students, Aurelia Schober, Plath
lived a seemingly normal and happy childhood, until the death of her father. Some of her most
famous works, such as "Daddy," discuss the abandonment and betrayal she felt towards her
dictatorial father for leaving her and her family when they needed him the most (McQuade 8). Her
father's death forced her family to move from Boston to Wellesley, Massachusetts due to financial
issues. Even though these events left Plath emotionally traumatized, she continued to devote herself
to school, winning numerous awards

Sodomy Case
Throughout history in the United States, we have had a hard time accepting the concept of
homosexuality and skewing from the idea that we are all gender binary. The police began to enforce
what is known as the sodomy law to discriminate against those who do not comply with the norm of
gender binary. The sodomy law can be defined as oral/anal sex between two partners (could be two
women, two men, or a man and a woman). It has been present within our society for two centuries
and has historically been a crime that went unenforced, for the most part, if committed by two
consenting adults in private. Two specific cases became well–known for attempting to fight the law
to gain rights for same sex couples who have been discriminated against due to ... Show more
Looking closer into what happened within the court room, Bowers vs Hardwick ended with a five to
four ruling against Hardwick, and Lawrence vs Texas ended with a six to three ruling in favor of
Lawrence. For Hardwick and the LGBT community, it was a terrible loss. This was frustrating and
disappointing for supporters. The decision was criticized widely because it was sending the message
to the world that homosexual relations were not accepted or supported in this country. They were not
receiving the same rights heterosexual citizens were. The result lead to the question of "why the
State may be permitted to apply a generally applicable law to certain persons that it does not apply
to others" (Bowers v. Hardwick, 1986), referencing the state choosing to arrest homosexual partners
but never heterosexual partners for sodomy. It makes it seem as if as a nation, we allow
discrimination because even our cops and government officials participate in it. Alternatively for
Lawrence and the ACLU, their case was a tremendous success. It was successful in completing their
goal of diminishing the unfair and unequal sodomy laws from the

LGBT Rights Research Paper

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