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STUDYING MUSIC VIDEO
WHAT IS A MUSIC VIDEO?

• anything you want?
• does have specific conventions
• lasts the length of the song (but sometimes
  longer)
• features the artist (but not always)
• can tell a story (but doesn’t have to)
• needs to be visually memorable and worth repeat
  viewings
a distinctive art form which can allow really
     interesting creative opportunities
OUTLINE OF THE SESSION

• Pre-history of music video: origins, ‘soundies’
  and ‘scopitones’
• Promos of the 60s and 70s
• The rise of MTV
• How to analyse a music video
• Pitch for your own video
• Controversial videos
• New media and other forms of distribution
EARLY HISTORY


• Music and moving images have long gone
  together
• 1920s and 1930s experimental film
• The musical as a film genre
• The ‘soundies’- early US jukebox
EXPERIMENTAL FILM




             1935
EXPERIMENTAL FILM




             1935
ABSTRACT INFLUENCE
ABSTRACT INFLUENCE
ABSTRACT INFLUENCE




             2004!
THE “SOUNDIES”




             1945
THE “SOUNDIES”
THE “SOUNDIES”
THE “SOUNDIES”
SCOPITONES



• French version of video jukebox
• Popular in early 60s
• Model for the music promo
SCOPITONE
SCOPITONES on DVD
SCOPITONE




            1963
SCOPITONE
SCOPITONE
1960s PROMOS



• ‘Hard Day’s Night’ and other ‘rock’ films
• Lots of artists made little films
• Many drug-influenced
The BEATLES




              1964
BOB DYLAN




            1965
The BEATLES




              1966
1970s PROMOS



• Top Of The Pops started to use them
• Substitute when band on tour
• Still very experimental
DAVID BOWIE




              1972
DAVID BOWIE
DAVID BOWIE
DAVID BOWIE
QUEEN




        1975
QUEEN




        1975
BEGINNINGS OF MTV


• Artists began to take need for promo for every
  release seriously
• Changes in technology and gap in the cable
  market
• Boom in promos in the early 80s
MADNESS




          1982
MADNESS




          1982
MADONNA




          1986
MADONNA
MADONNA
MADONNA
MADONNA
MADONNA
MULTI-CHANNEL MUSIC TV


• Growth of genre-based channels
• Black music at last broke into the market
• Other companies set up channels as spin-offs
  from other products
• e.g. EMAP: Smash hits, Q etc
METHODS OF ANALYSIS

   Goodwin’s six points:
      •   Genre characteristics
      •   Visuals/Lyrics
      •   Visuals/Music
      •   Need to sell artist
      •   Intertextuality
      •   Voyeurism
50 CENT




          2005
50 CENT




          2005
50 CENT
50 CENT
50 CENT
50 CENT
50 CENT
50 CENT
50 CENT
METHODS OF ANALYSIS

   Goodwin’s six points:
      •   Genre characteristics
      •   Visuals/Lyrics
      •   Visuals/Music
      •   Need to sell artist
      •   Intertextuality
      •   Voyeurism
PRACTICE PITCH
           Listen to the song
                   and
come up with some initial ideas for a video.
PRACTICE PITCH
           Listen to the song
                   and
come up with some initial ideas for a video.
PRACTICE PITCH
PRACTICE PITCH
CONTROVERSY


• Sex
• Violence
• Drugs
• Bad Driving!
THE CARDIGANS




           1998
THE CARDIGANS




           1998
THE PROCESS
• Commissioning editor
• Production companies/directors
• Treatments/pitches
• Budgets
• Where the money goes
• Pre-production and personnel involved
• The shoot
• The edit
• Post-production work and delivery
OTHER FORMS OF DISTRIBUTION
DVD RELEASE
ONLINE MUSIC VIDEO




              Video-C
ONLINE MUSIC VIDEO




              ninjatune
ONLINE MUSIC VIDEO




               YouTube
MySpace
STUDYING MUSIC VIDEO

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The History Of Music Video