The African Pygmy Genocide

The African Pygmy Genocide
"They started killing people and eating them ... I saw them cutting up human flesh, then they were
putting it on a fire to grill it. I got scared and ran away, not knowing what else happened behind
me." a quote from Amuzati N, a Bambuti Pygmy who escaped a massacre by a rebel group in the
Democratic Republic of Congo. This was just one of the many atrocities the African Pygmies has
experienced in the past. Pygmies are the indigenous people of Africa. For millions of years they
lived in the jungles of Congo, where they maintained their unique relationship with nature. But the
mid–1970s, the Mobutu government, a government led by Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu wa Za
Banga who was the President of Republic of the Congo decided that many of the lush Congo forests
were National Parks, and the pygmy people were evicted. The eviction wasn't the genocide itself but
it was a large contributor on how it will leave the people vulnerable in the open. The genocide was a
mass killing including cannibalism since the local rebel thought that the Pygmy flesh had "magical
powers" And also women were raped because it is said if you sleep with a woman it will relieve
back pain. With the average man standing 4 feet 11 inches tall, these small people live in small
bands that range from 15–70 people making them vulnerable to rebel militia forces. These African
Pygmy people are not farmers, but they are hunters of wild animals and gatherers of roots and
honey.
Yet, unlike most of our past human
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Lifestyles And Description Of Seahorses, Hippocampus
Seahorses, Hippocampus sp.
Introduction: The name of seahorses is given to about 40 species of marine fish that occur
worldwide. This group belongs to the family: Syngnathidae and the genus Hippocampus. The genus
name comes from the Ancient Greek whereas Hippo means horse and Kampos means sea monster.
The name in other Greek translation means bent horse. The size of this unique fish may reach up to
35 cm with an estimated lifespan of about 5 years.
Distribution range: Seahorses are mainly found in tropical and temperate waters throughout the
world. Several seahorse species are found in Pacific waters from North America to South America
as well as in the Atlantic. Seahorses also occur in Bahamas, some European waters and in the
Mediterranean Sea. A given body of water may host seahorse species different from those in another
water body.
Habitat: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The animals are characterized by long snouts which they use to suck up food. The eyes of seahorses
can move independently of each other.
Feeding habits: They have small mouths located at the end of its tube–like snouts. Seahorses have
no teeth and no stomach. They use their elongated snouts to suck in their food that drifts by. While
the small shrimp–like crustacean, mysid is their most favorite food, Seahorses feed also on plankton,
small crustaceans, and fish larvae which may float or crawl on the bottom within striking range.
Their excellent camouflage helps catching their prey. Because of the make–up of their digestive
system, eaten food passes through their digestive systems quickly, and hence they must eat almost
constantly to stay alive.
Reproduction: In general, Seahorses are monogamy animals in which –with some exceptions– and
depending on species, mating partners remain as such for life time or at least during the breeding
season. Among the unique reproductive features, the male seahorse bears the unborn young till

The Columbia Basin Pygmy Rabbit
The Columbia Basin Pygmy Rabbit, or Brachylagus idahoensis, is listed as endangered by the
United States Fish and Wildlife Service. This Pygmy Rabbit is the smallest species of its kind in
North America, and it is also one of the only two species of rabbit in the world that digs its own
burrow. The Pygmy Rabbit is different from other species because it falls within the monotypic
genus 'Brachylagus'. The phylogenetic identity of this rabbit is as follows: Animalia (Kingdom),
Chordata (Phylum), Mammalia (Class), Lagomorpha (Order), Leporidae (Family), and Brachylagus
(Genus). The closest living relative of the Columbia Basin Pygmy Rabbit is the Idaho Pygmy Rabbit
with which the original Columbia Pygmy's are being bred to keep the genetics of the species diverse
enough to survive without major future complications. According to the Nature Mapping Federation
website, the Columbia Basin Pygmy Rabbit once occupied areas of southwestern Montana,
northeastern California, southern Idaho, central and northern parts of Nevada, central and eastern
parts of Oregon, northwest Utah, and southeastern Washington. Presently however, the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service website lists that the Pygmy Rabbit is known or believed to only occur in the
counties of Adams, Benton, Douglas, Franklin, Grant, Kittitas, Lincoln and Yakima in the state of
Washington. The Nature Mapping Federation also states that this Rabbit is usually located in places
of tall, thick sagebrush cover. The sagebrush is an

Feeder Guppies: A Study
For our study, we will look at the behavior of feeder guppies (Poecilia reticulata) in response to a
tapping noise on the glass of the aquaria. We intend to test for stress induced behavioral responses
that may occur in response to the tapping noise.
Will tapping on the outside of the tank effect the position and avoidance of feeder guppies?
Because we are looking at the behavior of fish in response to tapping, we cannot use an alternative
to live animals. We chose to use feeder guppies because they are a small, schooling fish that has a
known set of behaviors that can be easily observed. In all, we will be using ninety guppies for the
duration of this experiment. We need a large number of guppies because we will have nine tanks for
repetitions ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After this is added, we record the row number the fish is in every 15 seconds for 2 and a half
minutes. Then, after this is added, we also add food to row 1. This allows us to see if they begin to
associate the tapping with food or if the tapping is too scary for them to even want the food. We then
observe and record every 15 second for 5 minutes.
For tank 3 (tapping all the time [device on row 1]): after the first 2 and a half minutes, we add food
to row 1. We then record and observe the row number the fish is in every 15 seconds for 2 and a half
minutes.
Using the row data collected, we will be finding the position index and the avoidance index of the
fish. The avoidance index is how often it was in row 1 before the stimulus compared to how often it
was in row 1 after the stimulus was added (more times there means it is attracted to the stimulus and
less times there means it doesn't like it or is scared of it) . The position index is the difference
between the average row number after the stimulus minus the average row number before the
stimulus.
No restraining devices, radioactive, or biohazardous substances are to be used in this

Descriptive Essay About Raja Ampat
TITLE
Forget Maldives: Raja Ampat Iis Lliterally Heaven Oon Earth
LEAD PARAGRAPH
Raja where?
Most people would not have heard of it before but Raja Ampat, Indonesia is an incredible place.
Often referred to as the most beautiful islands in the world, Raja Ampat is literally heaven on earth.
A quick google search will bring up sublime scenery with odd mushroom shaped islands, insane
diving, and the bluest water you will ever see...
PARAGRAPHS
An introduction
Raja Ampat, in the native Bahasa literally means four kings. The legend is that four kings once ruled
the four largest islands (Waigeo, Batanta, Salawati and Misool) in the archipelago; out of 1,000
islands in total!
The biodiversity in Raja Ampat has also broken several world ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In a resort, you might not have as much freedom to venture to far flung locations but you'll be rest
assured to have some stable ground. I would strongly recommend staying in Papua Explorers
(http://www.papuaexplorers.com/). There are plenty of things to do there–you can explore
neighbouring villages by foot, spend the afternoons swimming on the house reef and maybe channel
your inner yogi on the sundeck. Having visited twice, Papua explorers have consistently high
standards and will not compromise on safety and comfort. Located in the Dampier Strait, world–
famous dive sites like Cape Kri and Blue Magic are accessible by boat just within a few

Female Seahorses
Of the many fish of the sea, none is more interesting and unique than the seahorse. Seahorses are
classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, class Osteichthyes, order
Gasterosteiformes, family Syngnathidae, and the genus Hippocampus. The genus name
Hippocampus comes from two Greek words; hippos meaning horse and campus meaning monster.
Their physical appearance explains why they received their name. They have a horse–like head and
a curled tail. They have developed many unique adaptations such as mobile eyes and a long snout
that help them survive in the seas and oceans. The most interesting thing about seahorses to most
people though, is that the male becomes pregnant. Many people are fascinated by the seahorse and
they ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Though these many adaptations are very interesting, nothing is more out of the ordinary than the
reproductive process of seahorses.
The most attention grabbing fact about seahorses is that the male is impregnated. Most people find
this hard to believe because females are always the ones who carry their young until birth. Of all
animals, seahorses are the only species in which the male has the babies. Some female seahorses
compete with each other for the male mating partners. The female still makes the eggs though.
Because she does not have to nourish and feed babies, it allows her to make eggs more rapidly. Once
the female makes the eggs, she inserts them into the male's pouch where he fertilizes them. The eggs
are then covered in tissue and stay with the dad until birth. Seahorse pregnancies tend to last from
two to three weeks in length and reoccur rapidly. Labor can last up to three hours sometimes leaving
the dad very weak. Their offspring are exact miniatures of their parents. They also become
independent of their parents immediately upon birth. About fifty are released from the father's pouch
after pregnancy. Typically only two offspring out of thousands will make it to adulthood. Most are
eaten by many other fish and sometimes the dad may eat them as well to replenish the nutrients he
lost during

Paper
Question 1
0 / 4 pts
Using the drop–down box, indicate which of the following statements about polyrhythms is/are true.
Using the drop–down box, indicate which of the following statements about polyrhythms is/are true.
You Answered
"Polyrhythms" means "multiple rhythms."
Correct Answer
TRUE
You Answered
Polyrhythms are an element in most if not all sub–Saharan African music traditions.
Correct Answer
TRUE
You Answered
Polyrhythms reflect the communal nature of sub–Saharan African society.
Correct Answer
TRUE
You Answered
Polyrhythms were originally developed in the Arabic music culture.
Correct Answer
FALSE
Question 2
0 / ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
You Answered
Music is an integral part of daily life.
Correct Answer
TRUE
You Answered
No musical segment is ever repeated.

Correct Answer
FALSE
You Answered
A pure musical tone, with no buzzing or other distortion, is preferred.
Correct Answer
FALSE
You Answered
Music is usually inseparable from dancing.
Correct Answer
TRUE
You Answered
The musical structure is typically made up of a single melodic line accompanied by chords.
Correct Answer
FALSE
You Answered
Music is viewed as deeply spiritual or magical.
Correct Answer
TRUE
You Answered
A percussive quality is preferred in the sound of musical instruments.
Correct Answer
TRUE
Question 4
0 / 6 pts
Using the drop–down box, indicate which of the following statements about Shona mbira music
is/are true.
Using the drop–down box, indicate which of the following statements about Shona mbira music
is/are true.
You Answered
It dates back at least 1,000 years.
Correct Answer
TRUE
You Answered
It almost died out because it was condemned as evil by Christian missionaries.
Correct Answer
TRUE
You Answered
'New' songs are believed to actually be ancient, forgotten songs brought back to mind by the spirits.

Correct Answer
TRUE
You Answered
It is

Analysis Of The Forest People By Colin Turnbull
"Take a walk in my shoes," is a very commonly known quote about not judging a person based on
any one particular quality, or appearances. It means to walk in their 'shoes' to see what their life is
really about. This could be defined as the simpler meaning of Ethnography. Ethnography, according
to Merriam–Webster, means "the study and systematic recording of human cultures," and the work
produced from the research. When someone looks at certain cultures and religions, its easier to
assume their lifestyles and harder to appreciate them. Hence, anthropologist take a walk in their life,
and see how they breath, eat, laugh and live.
In a like manner, Colin Turnbull is an anthropologist who studied the native Pygmy culture who live
in the Belgian Congo. Pygmy, or BaMbuti, as they are also called, resides in the Ituri Forest, in the
northeast corner of Belgian Congo. Turnbull writes of his travels and adventures with the Pygmy in
The Forest People. Turnbull helps his audience visualize and understand the respect, love, and
tenderness that the people of BaMbuti feel towards their beloved forest, and also the importance of
their Molino. They call themselves the "people of the forest" while also having a comfortable
relationship with nearby villagers. Pygmy, live, breathe and fear the forest, with everything that they
have and need coming from the said forest. They respect their environment and depend on it entirely
for their navigations and understanding of life. And like our

Great Barrier Reef Research Paper
The Great Barrier Reef, the largest known reef in the world, is a majestic and beautiful attraction for
tourists who visit Queensland, Australia and are looking for an adventure. Many people go to scuba
dive, snorkel, or swim in the crystal clear water. There are many more unforgettable experiences that
can be done at the Great Barrier Reef, which can be seen from space. The reef is home to a variety
of organisms, has many threats that affect it, but in the end, overcomes all of them to thrive and
become more beautiful than before.
The Great Barrier Reef is home to a large variety of plants and animals. Not only does it have a
variety, but it houses rare species, such as sea turtles, pygmy seahorses, stonefish, and the rare
dugong, a medium sized marine mammal, similar to a manatee. The reef also has the largest
collection of corals on Earth, over 400 types, making up thousands of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Of those threats, climate change is the one that has the biggest impact on the reef. The rising
temperatures are causing bleaching.When water is too warm, corals will expel the algae, called
zooxanthellae, living in their tissues causing the coral to turn completely white (NNOA). Without it,
the coral starves, but doesn't have to die. It can recover from this, but has a higher fatality rate than
corals who didn't go through the bleaching process. The poor water quality is a result of increasing
sediment, nutrients and contaminants entering coastal waters in run–off from agricultural, industrial
and urban land uses ("Poor Water Quality"). The nutrients and sediments boost algae growth, which
effects the corals growth. Overfishing is the final major threat. Once the fisherman catch most of the
fish in the area, they must go lower. This leads to them hitting the coral and causing further damage.
Although they have these threats, they can overcome it to continue to

Deer Disease Vs Urbanization
The United States is an ecologically rich and diverse nation. Ever since the United States became a
country so many years ago, they have remained one of the places that everyone from all over the
world strives to make a living in. But what if in the future the United States couldn't offer people the
basic needs of life such as water, food, land, and clean air? Well that harsh reality isn't too far away
after all. Due to the increase in land and water usage in the United States it has become a cesspool of
urbanization and disease. Because of this the United States is quickly running out of natural
resources and shows no sign of stopping. "The US Environmental Protection Agency Resource
Conservation website begins: Natural resources and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Because of the severity of the disease, many people have even speculated that the disease has even
made it to the West Coast (Dutbin). Along with speculating the path the disease will follow people
have also speculated how the disease will act once a deer or elk dies from it. "A year or more later a
wild deer could graze around this same soil and contract the disease. Frighteningly, the bottom line
is, no one can pinpoint where the disease came from, where it's headed, or how it could conceivably
get there" (Dutbin). This is why conservation is such an important topic. Deer hunting is a staple for
many families is the United States especially in the Midwest. That is why hunters and landowners
can't stress enough the importance of maintaining and protecting the land that they hold so dear to
their hearts. Its because of this that many wildlife enthusiasts have turned to many different
governments to get tips and tricks when it comes maintaining the landing the resources that inhabit
that land. One of the countries that they have turned to is the UK. Although the UK are taking a
different approach they are still helping with restorations of a species. The UK is helping with the
restoration and repopulation of the Baka Pygmy populations in the Congo Basin (Nelson). The Baka
Pygmy are an indigenous tribe that were driven out of there homeland due to the recent movement
in that area. What the UK is doing to combat this is repopulating different species such as the
African Civet and the African Buffalo back into that land hoping that these species would bring the
Baka Pygmy back into there native hunting

The Little that Is Known about Hippo's Ecology and Behavior
Evidenced by the pygmy hippopotamus' limited distribution across western Africa, not much is
known about the hippo's ecology and behaviors. The hippo is semi–aquatic, preferring freshwater
river and swamp habitats next to dense forests (8). In order to counteract the daytime heat, much of
their time is spent in water, otherwise their thin skin would dehydrate. They can usually be found in
various burrows or hollows at the edge of a river, areas specifically designed for the purpose of
sleeping (1). The pygmy hippo is nocturnal and most active at night, and thus they spend much of
the night scouring the forests to feed on the vegetation (2). Hippos navigate the forest via previously
outlined paths, created for additional convenience, efficiency, or to denote a favorite trail (11).
Fundamentally a solitary species, pygmy hippopotami seldom come into contact with one another
(10). Territories for both the male and female are marked by droppings, and spread by repeatedly
shaking the hippo's tail while defecating (8). Generally, the territory of males is approximately four
times greater than that of a female. This fecal marking behavior indicates pygmy hippos may be
partly–territorial when defending their home range (1). The nocturnal pygmy hippopotamus spends
most of the night foraging for food to cater to its exclusively vegetarian diet. The hippo mainly eats
leaves, various fruits, and other forest–floor vegetation, due to its short legs and limited reach (12).

Seahorse Research Paper
A seahorse is a fish that lives under water. Seahorses prey on plankton and shrimp. Seahorse's
predators are penguins and stingrays. Seahorses are fish although they are bad swimmers. They are
also very small. The male seahorse is equipped with a pouch on the ventral or front–facing, side of
the tail and this is why seahorses are called seahorses. Seahorses are mainly found in shallow
tropical and temperate waters throughout the world. From about 45 degrees south to 45 degrees
north and live in sheltered areas such sea grass beds, estuaries, coral reefs, or mangroves. Four
species are found in pacific water from North America to South America. These areas are seahorse's
habitat. When the fry, or baby seahorse, are ready to be born, the male

The African Pygmy Genocide

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Liz Sims

More from Liz Sims (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

The African Pygmy Genocide