Components Of The Environment

Components Of The Environment
Initial Requirements
Functional
The hardware component will be a sensor created by Phidget that will obtain data on temperature
and humidity. The estimated cost of our hardware is $120 dollars before shipping and taxes.
The first software component must obtain data from our hardware component, and transmit that data
to ThingWorx. This component will be written in Java.
ThingWorx must be able to convert the temperatures from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit.
Fahrenheit is the common measurement of temperature in the United States so it will be used in our
program.
ThingWorx will prompt the user for an email, phone number, or both. This will be used for the next
step.
The user will be able to set a high and low temperature ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This program's primary focus is to create an environment that will help greenhouses strive not just
retrieve the temperature and the humidity.
The admin user must be able to add/remove users from the program. The program is run not only by
the sensor, but also by those who manage it. Comments and updates are crucial to the success of the
system, meaning adding new users must be available to the admin user.
There will be three levels of users: the admin, the senior employee, and the junior employee. The
admin will be able to change the high and low temperatures, add and remove users, add, edit, and
remove bins and individual plants, add and update, plant information, and receive texts and emails.
The Senior employee will be able to add, edit, and remove bins, and edit plant information. Junior
employees will only be able to edit bins and plant information. Only the administrator can add and
remove users. o The ability to log in as different users is crucial to the many of the secondary
features within the program. For example, commenting on the greenhouses bins will require the
comment as well as the user who wrote it. There are also some features that may be blocked to
specific users. o This may create a problem due to the way ThingWorx handles multiple users
editing the same data at the same time. There is no known way to fix this issue.
Grant users the ability to change their passwords. Simply allow users to change their own
passwords,
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Open Source Security and The KerchoffÂ´s Principle
Introduction This lecture was given by Dr. David Mirza Ahmad one of chief mentors of Subgraph,
which is a open–source security start–up based out in Montreal. The talk was based on Kerchoff's
principle which states "the security of any cryptographic system does not rest in its secrecy; it must
be able to fall into the enemy's hand without inconvenience" [1]. The kerchoff's principle underlines
the fact that free software should be having reasonably good security. This fact is well understood
by the world of cryptography because cryptography is a black–box where you never know what is
happening inside it. There are lot of security research communities across the globe, many are
informal and low–budget though. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The community was defiantly open and the Symantec acquisition provoked strong protective
reactions.
Both hackers and security researchers have always shared their research enthusiastically. Someone
would be coming with a new class of attack, then the exploits begin to appear and the cycle
continues.
Another notable example was the coming of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) in the mid late
1990's. IDS were in high gear selling their IDS by publicising to buy this box and never fear the
hackers again. IDS are designed to detect the various attack signatures in the real world. But their
happiness was short–livÃwhen Tom Ptacek and Tim Newsham published a paper that broke IDS.
Open Source and Security The researchers also write tools, often free software like BackTrack,
Helix. The world owes so much to the open source innovation like grassroots. There were several
others used for vulnerability assessment like ISS(which was eventually acquired by IBM) and
SATAN released in 1995 that did perform a variety of checks although it was controversial during
its time.
Openssh
Version 1 of SSh was designed and implemented as freeware in 1995.
The job of creating a new version of SSH and OpenSSh was taken by OpenBSD.
By the year 1999 it was no longer a freeware.
It turned out to be an enormous success when the whole world abandoned telnet, rsh, rlogin for
OpenSSH
The OpenSSH continued to innovate,

Kerala E Governance Online Payment Project
PROJECT TEAM CONTRACT
KERALA E–GOVERNANCE ONLINE PAYMENT PROJECT
Debian Consulting Pvt. Ltd. Team Member
TechnoPark, Trivandrum, Amir Munshi
KERALA Edgar Borges
695 581 Kamlapati Choubey Minhaj Rehman Monika
03–02–2015 Version History
Version # Author Date of Issue Brief Description of Change
1.0 Monica 31–01–2015 Creation of the document
1.1 Amir ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We agree to be honest in planning and reporting project scope, schedule, staffing and cost.
We operate dynamically, anticipating risks and possible issues, we shall do our best to maintain
possession over the project.
We will promptly notify our stakeholders and sponsors of any change that could affect them.
We will keep other team members informed.
Under any circumstances, we will not disclose any confidential information and adhere all the
policies obliged.
We shall carry out the project and our respective tasks under the project in accordance with the
conditions set at the time of agreement.
We agree that the ideas and knowledge shall be the property of the party that generates it.
We may not publish Knowledge generated by another Party without their prior written approval.
We shall take appropriate measures to ensure that each team member can grant Access Rights and
fulfil the obligations under the Contract and this Agreement notwithstanding any rights of any
person we assign or engage to perform our own task for the Project.
Access Rights are granted on a non–exclusive and a nontransferable basis.
Participation
We shall maintain issues that arise in meetings confidential within the

A Survey Of Techniques Of Software Repository
A Survey of Techniques in Software Repository
Mining
Naveen Sahu
Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
Abstract
Software Repositories are used to record the history of the les in the project, info about what was
modi ed, by whom and when, the extent of the modi– cation etc. Mining of the data in the
repositories can give ideas about the development process of the systems. For example, whether
development doc– umentation is synchronous with the implementation, what is the bug resolve rate,
are the features requested implemented, information about project 's evolution, collaboration b/w the
developers, their contributions, milestones in the development of the project, idea of the design of
the software, nd the dependencies b/w the parts ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This paper sheds some light on the current approaches and recent developments in the mining of
software repositories. The topics include
Clone Detection
1
Frequent pattern mining
Classi cation with supervised learning
Information retrieval methods
1 Clone Detection
When the software are created, many times the codes are simply copy–pasted, with small changes.
This is called cloning. Investigating these copy–pasted sections of source codes is called Clone
Detection. It was discovered that about 10–15% of the code in a software system was copy–
pasted[1] For refac– toring, or at least noting. Clone detection techniques try to nd cloned codes.
Techniques for detecting clones may include programming language speci c parsing to simple text
based analysis. Parsing code technique have an advantage as they are semantically aware which
allows them to detect similarities between the structures of di erent code segments where the dif–
ference between naming of variables and parameters is too much. The latter, on the other hand, can
be used over a broad variety of material as they aren 't language speci c.
NiCad[2], a clone detector tool, uses hybrid clone detection method, com– bining features of both
language sensitive parsing and text based analysis.
It works in three stages Parsing, Normalization and comparison. The rst stage involves parsing the
input source to extract all fragments of a given granularity, such as

Essay about Security Enhanced Linux (Selinux), Chroot...
Security Enhanced Linux (Selinux), Chroot Jail, and Iptables
Security Enhanced Linux (Selinux), Chroot Jail, and Iptables
Three of the most important types of Linux security technologies are Security Enhanced Linux
(SELinux), chroot jail, and iptables. This security measures aide in the subversion of theft and
malicious activity. We will discuss these items in depth to address who created them and for what
reason. Along with how these technologies changed the operating system to enforce security, and
the types of threats that these security systems are design to eliminate.
Security Enhanced Linux was released in December of 2000 from the National Security Agency
(NSA), under the GNU general public license. SELinux is not a Linux ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This user has root privileges for his or her own account, but can't access higher directories or be
aware of their existence. Virtualization is great for test environment that can be set up in the chroot
for software that might be too risky to deploy on a production system. Virtual environments are
often used for compatibility issues. Legacy software or software using a different interface must
sometimes be run in a chroot because their supporting libraries or files may otherwise clash with
those of the host system. Also chroot is often used for recovery purposes. A chroot can be used to
move back into a damaged environment after bootstrapping from an alternate root file system.
Elevated Privileges in iptables are required for operation, and root user must be used or iptables will
not function. With most Linux systems, iptables is installed as /usr/sbin/iptables and documented in
its man page, which can be opened using man iptables. There is a set of user interface tools that can
be used to manage your system's security profile in a more user friendly manner. The user interface
firewall management tools include Bastille, and GUI tools with like KDE's Guard dog. There are
Linux distributions whose main purpose is to provide a GUI front end to iptables with a variety of
configurations.
Iptables allows the system administrator to define tables containing chains of rules for the treatment
of packets. Each table is associated with a

Linux vs Windows
LINUX vs. WINDOWS
The debate on Windows vs. Linux is truly an on going one with no end in site. Regardless how you
come at this juncture you are usually a UNIX supporter or a customer of Microsoft OS and products
who are grateful for products of Microsoft. We will in the following paragraphs try to compare the
advantages and disadvantages of these different systems. We will give a brief description on the cost
of these products, what kind of market–share these two systems hold, the availability of application
software, and the different types of Hardware needed. We will briefly describe the functionality,
performance, File System Comparisons, and the Security that comes with these products. On the
Personal Computer show in December 2003 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The protection from viruses and worms is an incredible advantage Linux system has over Windows.
Linux possesses much greater processing power than Windows. Linux Servers holds a 39.6 percent
market share, while Windows makes up the second largest percentage of server operating systems
with 32.2 percent market share. In comparing the cost and market–share each system has its edge in
different situation. No one single type of operating system can offer universal answers to all your
computing needs.
Availability of Application software
Both Windows and Linux come in many flavors. All the flavors of Windows come from Microsoft,
the various distributions of Linux come from different companies (Linspire, Red Hat, SuSE,
Ubuntu, Mandriva, Knoppix, Slackware, Lycoris). Windows has two main lines: Win9x, which
consists of Windows 95, 98, 98SE, and NT class, which consists of Windows NT, 2000 and XP.
(Burgess, 2001) Windows actually started, in the old days, with version 3.x which pre–dated
Windows 95 by a few years. All the Linux distributions released around the same time frame will
use the same kernel. (Burgess, 2001) They differ in the add on software provided, GUI, install
process, price, documentation and technical support. Both Linux and Windows come in desktop and
server editions. Linux is customizable in a way that Windows is not. There are many special purpose
versions of Linux above and beyond the full blown

Linux: the Kernal and Shell Essay examples
Linux: The Kernel And Shell
Josh Harkey
AIU Online
Abstract
This manual has been written to explore the many distributions of Linux. It will define some of the
components of the OS as they relate to the shell and kernel. It will also go over some of the more
popular distributions of Linux and the shells. Finally, it will give a brief overview of some useful
commands that can be used in the bash shell.
Linux: The Kernel and Shell It is important to know some the inner workings of an operating
system to help better understand how they and why they are beneficial. This is one of the reasons for
this manual. It will also give a better understanding of some of the more popular distributions of
Linux.
The Kernel And Shell As They ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a result, Linux offers the user a way to have an OS that comes with more functionality, and in an
environment that can be customized for the task at hand.
Five Common Distributions
Since Linux is allowed to be changed by its users there are more than 600 distributions available.
Here is a list of five of the most commonly used.
FEDORA– fedoraproject.org (2013) states, fedora is fast, stable, and powerful operating system for
everyday use built by a worldwide community. This distribution is most commonly used by
developers and Linux enthusiast.
DEBIAN– debian.org (2013) states, Debian provides more than a pure OS: it comes with over
37,500 packages, pre compiled software bundled up in a nice format for easy installation on your
machine. It is one of the oldest distributions still in active development, and is often the base for
newer distributions. People that have a passion for Linux enjoy Debian. openSUSE– according to
opensuse.org (2013), The openSUSE distribution is a stable, way to use and complete multi–
purpose distribution.it is aimed towards users and developers working on desktop or server. This
distribution is generally used in an enterprise environment, and is sponsored by Novell. It is known
for its ease of use on the surface and advanced options further in.
LINUX MINT– linuxmint.com (2013) states, The purpose of Linux mint is to produce a modern,
elegant and comfortable operating system which is both powerful

Bt594 Final Project
TM1: Installing and using Linux operating systems BIT594 – Technologies in Practice Due date:
31/03/2016 Bobbi–jo Ataahua Paikea – 4203318 Question 1: Installing Ubuntu Task 1: Download
the latest version of Ubuntu Download the latest version of Ubuntu (the recommended flavour is
32–bit, as not all software will run on a 64–bit). Take a screenshot while downloading the latest
version and include this in the electronic file you submit. You need to document the screenshot and
describe accurately what the screenshot was about. Write no more than 50 words to explain the
screenshot. Figure 1: Download of Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS (Trusty Tahr). Screenshot description:
Captured in the screenshot as seen in figure 1 is the download process of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Take three screenshots of relevant stages during the installation process. Write no more than 100
words for each screenshot to describe what was accomplished. Include the screenshots in the word–
processed document you submit. Marks will be awarded for the relevance of the screenshots
selected. It will be for you to decide and explain why the screenshots selected are relevant.
Explanation for chosen screenshots: As question 2 is clearly focused on terminal/command line,
below are three screenshots that have relevance to the command–line environment. Instead of using
the GUI environment to install a new application on the Ubuntu desktop, the terminal/command line
was used. Using the terminal/command line showcases a different route of installing a new
application. The command–line environment also allows the processors to do more precise task
procedures. Users are able to view a list of details and descriptions about applications before
choosing one to install. Figure 1: Package names and short descriptions of the three

Electronic Health Record Executive Summary
2015 saw yet more practice owners convert to electronic health records (EHR). This recent influx of
providers into the health IT space has caused dozens of new EHR vendors to open for business. But
building and maintaining EHR systems isn't the easiest job in the world. Government mandates like
Meaningful Use (MU) and the Physicians Quality Reporting System (PQRS) require vendors to stay
up to date with regulations as well as maintain their certification. Good EHR vendors will not only
maintain their certification but will help their clients meet, if not exceed, government regulations so
they may take advantage of financial incentives while avoiding penalties for non–compliance. If
you're in the market for an EHR vendor, you'll definitely ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
While most practices run the product on local hosted servers, the EHR is also available via a
software–as–a–service (SaaS) subscription model for smaller practices that need to avoid the
upfront costs. NextGen offers customers specialized templates, tools, and workflow automation for
more than two dozen specialties. These templates (which are customizable) help providers collect
more comprehensive clinical data that can improve patient care. The solutions work on a variety of
devices including iPhone, iPads and Blackberrys, which means doctors can have access to patient
data no matter where or when. CureMD CureMD is an award winning provider of HER solutions
designed to optimize outcomes, ensure compliance with industry standards, and save them time and
effort to maximize value and returns. Their EHR system has numerous features that are designed to
make practice owners' lives easier. Their innovative health information systems and solutions
transform the business and clinical operations of organizations of all

Windows 7 Essay
the 1 versions of windows released in 1985 was simply was a GUI as an extension of the original
disc and this was made with apple inc also windows for the 1 time let you use DOS users visually
navigate a virtual desktop also with this you can you can use electronic folders and files so what that
means is rather than typing commands and directory paths to text prompt also
With the 2001 release o f Windows XP, Microsoft united its various Windows packages under a
single banner, offering multiple editions for consumers, businesses, multimedia developers, and
others. Windows XP abandoned the long–used Windows 95 kernel (core software code ) for a more
powerful code base and offered a more practical interface and improved application and ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
IBM tried to establish yet another operating system, OS/2, but lost the battle to Gates's company. In
fact, Microsoft...
...that the Mac would not be taken seriously in the business community. Moreover, Microsoft, after
an unsuccessful attempt to secure an agreement to market the Mac OS on the Intel processor,
introduced Windows, its own graphical operating system. Apple litigated for years, in vain, to stop
Microsoft from copying the look and feel of its operating system, though the Mac OS itself drew...
...million copies of the program and defeated rival operating systems such as CP/M, which it
displaced in the early 1980s, and later IBM OS/2. Microsoft deepened its position in operating
systems with Windows, a graphical user interface whose third version, released in 1990, gained a
wide following. By 1993, Windows 3.0 and its subsequent versions were selling at a rate of one
million copies per...
Assorted References development by Microsoft Corporation (in Microsoft Corporation: Founding
and early growth) (in Apple Inc.: Apple litigates while PCs innovate) development of personal
computers (in personal computer (PC): GUI) (in computer: Microsoft's Windows operating system)
DirectX (in DirectX)
DLL (in DLL) game of hearts (in hearts)
IBM OS/2 (in IBM OS/2) work of Gates (in Bill Gates)
Linux is, in simplest terms, an Operating System. It is the software on a computer that enables
applications and the computer operator to access the

Security And Application Software Within A School...
In this report, I will be discussing operating systems, management of information, security and
application software within a school environment and personal use. The context of this report will
be inclusive of my internal assessments of which I have completed at school, and at home.
Operating software (OS) An operating system has the ability to manage both the hardware and
software of a computer or device. It is the most important part of a computer and controls every
action and task which is carried out. Computers and devices require both hardware and software for
it to operate. Without one, you will not have a functioning machine. All desktops utilise operating
systems, of which the software (or OS) is a collection of code installed onto the computer 's hard
drive and is intangible. It includes the computer programs, folders, files and documents. The internet
browser, like Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome that allows you to visit online web pages and the
operating system that the browser is running on is considered software, while computer hardware is
any physical device used in or with your computer or machine. It is something you can physically
touch. Examples of hardware include a mouse, monitor, keyboard and motherboards. The interfaces
of applications, device management, processor management, memory management, user interface
and storage management are the six main tasks controller by the operating system. When saving to a
USB stick or external hard drive, as

Windows Server Business Plan
I propose that our company consider implementing Linux for our servers and workstations. There
are many excellent reasons to employ Linux as the operating system of choice for our company:
Linux is 'tried and true'; is used by many large companies, such as Google©, Amazon©,
Facebook©, and many of the cloud service providers; is less expensive; more reliable and stable;
has extensive free community support; uses memory and CPU resources more efficiently; is
reasonably easy and quick to install; and is much less vulnerable to viruses and malware than the
Microsoft Windows© operating system. Linux can be used on almost any type or brand of computer
or server, including older models. I will demonstrate that Linux is a viable and less expensive
alternative to Windows and will perform well in our server and workstation environments.
Server Environment
Hardware Considerations
Existing hardware. Our existing hardware can be used for the new Linux OS. This will require
reformatting existing hard drives and installing the Linux OS, which is much easier than
reformatting and installing Windows OS. Our older servers will still be viable for some time to
come because Linux uses less disk space and memory. It also uses less resources, so it won't slow
down the devices or the network like other Enterprise OS can.
Vendor specific hardware. If we wish to purchase vendor–specific hardware for one of the new
Linux distributions, there are several options: System76; Dell; HP; IBM;

Installing A2Billing
Installation Guide
Preparing your system for Asterisk2Billing
This chapter aims to help you to prepare you system for Asterisk2Billing. Choose an Operating
System / Distribution
Know Os working with A2billing ( tested)
Fedora Core 2,3,4,5
Debian 3.01
Centos
The Asterisk PBX was originally designed for the Linux operating system. Due to the popularity of
Asterisk, it has since been ported to BSD and Mac OS X. Nevertheless, Digium PSTN cards are
designed to work on Linux i386. The use of Linux is recommended.
I personally love Fedora :D but it's a question of preferences... Install Asterisk have it up running
Information is from the VoIP–Info Wiki : http://voip–info.org Get Asterisk from precompiled binary
packages ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
apt–get install mysql mysql–server
Check mysql status (On RedHat?):
''/etc/init.d/mysqld status''
Or
service mysqld status
If it doesnt run yet, you have to start postgresql (On RedHat?):
/etc/init.d/postgresql start
Or
service postgresql start
Or with CentOS:
/etc/init.d/rhdb start
Normally, you should get this on RedHat?
Starting postgresql: [ OK ]
To enable postgresql server permanently to start after reboot, please check chkconfig (chkconfig
postgresql ––level 2345 on) Let's prepare our postgresql database server for A2Billing
Let's verify that postgresql allows access to all local users to all databases : vi
/var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf make sure that it ends with local all all trust host all all 127.0.0.1
255.255.255.255 trust host all all your–webserver–ip 255.255.255.255 trust vi
/var/lib/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf
Make sure you uncomment and set [] tcpip_socket = True port = 5432
Remember the hosts were your postgresql and Apache are must trust each other or at least open this

port if there is a firewall between your database and your web server.
/etc/init.d/postgresql restart
Or
service postgresql restart
Or with CentOS
/etc/init.d/rhdb restart
Stopping postgresql service: [ OK ]
Starting postgresql service: [ OK

Suggestions for Grand Kampar Hotel's IT Upgrade
As in suggest in our proposal, for the convenient purpose of customers, Grand Kampar Hotel should
put two or three laser printer at the lobby. As shown at the snapshot above, the printer model Canon
MF–8010cn Colour Laser Printer provide user multifunction such as print, scan as well as copy. It
also provide to the network connection. This model of printer can be a choice for Grand Kampar
Hotel.
In addition, computer area that enables customers for online business or entertainment purpose will
be a need for Grand Kampar Hotel. In order to have a computer area, hotel merchant may need to
search through the product models that are suitable for customers in both business and entertainment
purpose. The model shown below can be a considering choice of the hotel.
This model comes in set and the merchant need not to find other components of computer for setting
up the computer area. This model support operating system (OS) of Windows 8.1 with memory of
2GB DDR3 RAM, 500GB SATA HDD. GS30 Finger print Access Control is more preferable to be
fixed in Grand Kampar Hotel's office to control the staffs' attendance. It provides not only
fingerprint identification method but also proximity card as well as pin to control employees'
attendance. It is liable to setup and enrolment of new users through the keypad or via management
software. It can store up to 8,000 fingerprint templates and 200,000 transaction records. It is a heavy
duty and accurate CMOS exposure Optical fingerprint

Snipe-It Essay
Introduction Snipe–IT is a free and open source IT assets management web application that can be
used for tracking licenses, accessories, consumables, and components. It is written in PHP language
and uses MySQL to stote it's data. It is a cross–platform application that works on all the major
operating system like, Linux, Windows and Mac OS X. It is easily integrates with Active Directory,
LDAP and supports two–factor authentication with Google authenticator. In this tutorial, we will
learn how to install Snipe–IT on Debian 9 server. Requirements A server running Debian 9. A non–
root user with sudo privileges. Getting Started Before installing any packages, it is recommended to
update the system package with the latest version. You ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
–e /usr/bin/galera_recovery ] VAR= || VAR=`/usr/bin/galera_recovery`; [ $? –eq 0 ]
systemc Process: 429 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh –c systemctl unset–environment
_WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 418
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/install –m 755 –o

Computer Science Student Michael Heerklot
Incident 1: Stuxnet .LNK Vulnerability 1.1 Background Patched Windows machines remained
vulnerable to Stuxnet .LNK exploit since 2010. In early January 2015, Michael Heerklotz
approached the Zero Day Initiative with details of a vulnerability in the Microsoft Windows
operating system and it was assigned CVE–2015–0096. Stuxnet .LNK Vulnerability was discovered
by a German computer science student Michael Heerklot, who through interest in the discovery and
impact of Stuxnet exploit, decided to investigate Stuxnet attack, particularly the hack of the Natanz
uranium enrichment facility where the .LNK vulnerability in windows shell was exploited in 2010
[1]. He examined the .LNK vulnerability, which was presumably patched by Microsoft, to ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The issue is that in Windows, icons are executed from modules (either executables or dynamic link–
libraries). In fact, .CPL files are actually DLLs. Because an attacker could define which executable
module would be loaded, an attacker could use the .LNK file to execute arbitrary code inside of the
Windows shell and do anything the current user could [2]. The first patch released August in 2010,
Microsoft put in an explicit whitelist check with MS10–046. Once installed, it intended to ensure
that only approved .CPL files should have been used to load non–standard icons for links. This
patch failed and for more than four years, all windows files have been vulnerable to exactly the
same attack that stuxnet attackers used in initial exploit. In light of its recent rediscovery, it is
unknown if other groups discovered and exploited the vulnerability in the wild [2]. The section
below explores the section of code that was patched in the initial patch in 2010 and how the
vulnerability remained vulnerable. The definition of the function shown below is taken from a
function called CControlPanelFolder::GetUiObjectOf() in Shell32.dll. Shown in the diagram below
is the first block that was changed after zero day vulnerability was discovered. In the event below a
whitelist check was put in place. The definition calls for a custom icon, with the iconID of 0, which
is checked against a

Isaac Newton: Principia Mathematica en 1686
La IlustraciÃ³n fue un movimiento cultural, polÃ
tico y filosÃ³fico que se produjo entre 1680 y 1780
en la mayorÃ
a de Europa, el cual se caracterizaba por la importancia dada a la razÃ³n. Los
pensadores de este movimiento afirmaban que sÃ³lo a travÃ©s de la razÃ³n serÃ
a posible entender
perfectamente los fenÃ³menos naturales y sociales. La IlustraciÃ³n se iniciÃ³ en Inglaterra en la
dÃ©cada de 1680, con la obra de Isaac Newton, quien publicÃ³ Principia Mathematica en 1686, y
con John Locke, quien publicÃ³ Ensayo sobre el Entendimiento Humano en 1689. Estas
publicaciones pusieron las bases matemÃ¡ticas, cientÃ
ficas y filosÃ³ficas para los grandes avances
de este movimiento: las teorÃ
as de cÃ¡lculo de Newton permitieron medir con precisiÃ³n el
conocimiento, mientras que Locke sostenÃ
a que la naturaleza humana era mutable y que el
conocimiento era adquirido a travÃ©s de la experiencia acumulada. La IlustraciÃ³n alcanzÃ³ su
mayor desarrollo entre 1730 y 1780 en Francia, donde vivÃ
an los grandes pensadores de la
IlustraciÃ³n, como Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu y Diderot. Los diÃ¡logos y las publicaciones
de estos filÃ³sofos franceses propusieron que todo en el universo podÃ
a ser racionalmente
desmitificado y catalogado. Voltaire publicÃ³ en 1733 Cartas Inglesas, en la que se exalta la
libertad de pensamiento y religiÃ³n y a las instituciones de Inglaterra, criticando indirectamente al
sistema de gobierno de Francia. Montesquieu publica El EspÃ
ritu de las Leyes en 1748, en el que
presentÃ³ su

IS3440 Unit 2 Discussion
Jeramie Feenstra IS3440 9/26/14 Unit 2 Discussion 1 Identifying Layers of Access Control Linux
Server Hardening Tps. N.p.: nixCraft, 2009. #1: Encrypt Data Communication All data transmitted
over a network is open to monitoring. Encrypt transmitted data whenever possible with password or
using keys / certificates. 1. Use scp, ssh, rsync, or sftp for file transfer. You can also mount remote
server file system or your own home directory using special sshfs and fuse tools. 2. GnuPG allows
to encrypt and sign your data and communication, features a versatile key managment system as
well as access modules for all kind of public key directories. 3. Fugu is a graphical frontend to the
commandline Secure File Transfer application (SFTP). SFTP is ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
3. Warn : The number of days before password is to expire that user is warned that his/her password
must be changed. 4. Expire : Days since Jan 1, 1970 that account is disabled i.e. an absolute date
specifying when the login may no longer be used. I recommend chage command instead of editing
the /etc/shadow by hand: # chage –M 60 –m 7 –W 7 userName Recommend readings: Linux: Force
Users To Change Their Passwords Upon First Login Linux turn On / Off password expiration /
aging Lock the user password Search for all account without password and lock them Use Linux
groups to enhance security #6.2: Restricting Use of Previous Passwords You can prevent all users
from using or reuse same old passwords under Linux. The pam_unix module parameter remember
can be used to configure the number of previous passwords that cannot be reused. #6.3: Locking
User Accounts After Login Failures Under Linux you can use the faillog command to display faillog
records or to set login failure limits. faillog formats the contents of the failure log from
/var/log/faillog database / log file. It also can be used for maintains failure counters and limits.To
see failed login attempts, enter: faillog To unlock an account after login failures, run: faillog –r –u
userName Note you can use passwd command to lock and unlock accounts: # lock account passwd
–l userName # unlocak account passwd –u

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Oss
Because of the extraordinary improvement models, application Managers can acquire many benefits
over conventional COTS via the use of OSS. Famous open source merchandise has got right of
entry to big technical expertise and this permits the software to acquire a excessive degree of
performance, using much less strains of code than its COTS opposite numbers. The rapid release fee
of OSS distributes fixes and patches speedy, potentially an order of importance faster than those of
industrial software. OSS is tremendously clean to control as it regularly contains elements which
includes relevant management and faraway management. Because the supply code is publicly to be
had, application Managers will have the code tailored to satisfy their precise ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Terrible code often effects if the open source challenge is just too small or fails to draw the hobby of
enough skilled builders; accordingly, software Managers should ensure that the OSS community is
big, talented and well–prepared to offer a feasible opportunity to COTS. Exceedingly technical,
professional developers tend to awareness on the technical person at the expense of the non–
technical consumer. As a result, OSS has a tendency to have a noticeably weak graphical consumer
interface (GUI) and less well suited applications, making it greater difficult to apply and less
practical, mainly, for computing device packages (even though some OSS merchandise are
significantly improving in this location). Version manipulate can come to be a difficulty if the OSS
system requires integration and development. As new versions of the OSS are launched, program
managers want to make positive that the variations to be incorporated are well matched, make
certain that everyone builders are running with the right version and preserve song of changes made
to the software. Without a proper company structure, OSS faces a risk of fragmentation of the code
base, or code forking, which transpires when couple of, inconsistent versions of the undertaking's
code base evolve. This will arise while developers try to create opportunity method for his or her
code to play a greater full–size function than carried out in the base product. From time to time
fragmentation occurs for good motives and sometimes it happens for horrific

Designing A Different Operating System
You can't know where you're going unless you know where you been, this saying rings true when
thinking of Lunix. In order to know the start of Lunix one would have to travel back in time quite a
bit. In this paper, I will research the start of Linux, the growth, and the future. When thinking of
computers imagine they are as big as the tallest building or stadium. While the size of those
computers posed problems, there was the one thing that made them worse: every computer had a
different operating system. Software was customized to serve a certain purpose, and software didn't
run from one system to another. This was painful for both the system administrators and users alike.
Computers were so expensive back then, and so many sacrifices had to made even after the original
big purchase just to get the users to understand how the parts worked together. Technology at that
time was not so advanced, so this was the way of life for another decade or so. In 1969, the
beginning of finding a solution to the software problem began. The first developer Ken Thompson is
an American pioneer in computer science. He started out working at Bell Labs for most of his
career. Dennis Richie is the second developer who was a computer scientist that created the C
programming language and, with Ken Thompson and created the Unix project. Thompson and
Richie came together to address the compatibility issues and develop a new operating system. The
key points that they wanted to instill was to

Advantages Of Raspberry Pi
Abstract–Raspberry Pi is a credit card sized embedded computer running Embedded Linux OS,
using which a fusion of projects and applications that require embedded systems and a computer can
be implemented. This project aims at implementing one such project that can be used in any
company, college or offices. But probably the best application of this project is in colleges. Over the
years many projects related to college automation, classroom automation and digital notice boards
etc have been implemented by students, but all of these projects have had many drawbacks and
limitations. In this project a Raspberry Pi based multi faceted solution is proposed that can do
virtually all these applications in a better and a more comprehensive way.
Including ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It consists of set of basic programs and purposes that makes the Raspberry Pi run successfully.
Raspbian provides more comes with over 35,000 packages; pre–compiled software bundling in such
a format for easy installation on to the Raspberry Pi.
Putty configuration and VNC viewer are needed to install
Raspbian OS. Putty configuration is SSH and Telnet client .It is an open source which is available
with source code. Virtual network computing is a Graphical sharing desktop that shares system and
allows to remotely control the desktop interface of one computer to another. The
Raspberry Pi uses Linux based operating systems .The
ARM11 is according to the version 6 of the ARM on the linux no longer run (in current releases),
including the
Ubunto.NOOBS is used as the install manager in the
Raspberry Pi. The OSs included with NOOBS are:
Arch Linux ARM
Open ELEC
Pidora (Fedora Remix)
Raspb and the XBMC is an open source digital center. RISC OS – It is the first operating system of
ARMbased computer on reduced instruction set.
Raspbian maintains independent foundation; based on the ARM hard–float(armhf) Debian 7
'Wheezy' architecture port which is originally designed for

Cis 155: Assignment 1
The Different Flavors of Linux
CIS 155: Operating Systems
6/7/2012
Depending on your personal preference and need, there are a variety of operating systems available
to users today. Whether it's MAC OS, UNIX, Windows, etc they each have their own aspects and
appeal that draw users in. The spotlight however, for the duration of this paper will be placed on a
derivative of the UNIX family of operating system, Linux. The topics covered will include the
history to include a handful of versions (distributions). Beginning with the history of Linux, in 1984,
Richard Stallman, a programmer that was working for the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, left his position with a vision of software ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The original release of Ubuntu used the GNOME desktop which was user friendly and robust but
later released a KDE version known as Kubuntu as well which resembled more of a windows type
environment as well as a server edition. In recent years Ubuntu has broken through the standard and
has become heavily used on net books and cloud systems as lightweight yet robust platforms.
Another widely used distribution is known as Linux Mint behind only Ubuntu in the number of
Linux users. Started in 2006 with a purpose of providing a powerful yet comfortable operating
system, Linux Mint is a community driven distribution which welcomes user feedback for upgrades
and support. Linux Mint also boasts the capability of out of the box functionality requiring little
maintenance and full multimedia support. An iconic Linux distribution known as Red Hat was
created by Marc Ewing in October of 1994. The distribution name derives from a red Cornell
University lacrosse hat Ewing wore that was given to him by his grandfather, while attending
Carnegie Mellon University. The distribution was then bought in 1995 by Bob Young who had
incorporated the ACC Corporation in 1993. Red Hat Software was then born and then went public
on Wall Street on August 11, 1999. Only a few months after that with the new CEO, Matthew
Szulik, Red Hat began acquiring other companies, such

Example Of Let's Encrypt
http://www.techrepublic.com/article/how–to–install–and–use–lets–encrypt–on–a–ubuntu–server–
for–ssl–security/ https://www.linode.com/docs/security/ssl/install–lets–encrypt–to–create–ssl–
certificates https://www.tecmint.com/install–free–lets–encrypt–ssl–certificate–for–apache–on–
debian–and–ubuntu/
Synopsys
Improving your website security has generally been most complicated and expensive task for every
Linux administrator. Let's Encrypt is a free, automated, and open certificate authority that provides
free X.509 certificates for Transport Layer Security encryption via an automated process.
It is very complex process to install and add an SSL certificate to a web server. You can make it
easier with the help of Let's Encrypt. You can easily ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, install git with the following command:
[shell]sudo apt–get install git –y[/shell]
Next, download Let's Encrypt with the following command:
[shell]sudo git clone https://github.com/letsencrypt/letsencrypt /opt/letsencrypt[/shell]
Next, you will need to generate an SSL certificate for your domain. You can do this with the
following command against your domain name as shown below:
[shell]cd /opt/letsencrypt[/shell]
[shell]sudo ./letsencrypt–auto ––apache –d yourdomain.com[/shell]
During installation you will need to specify your E–mail address and also agree to the terms of
service. Once everything goes fine, you should see the following message:[/shell]
[shell]
– Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at
/etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomain.com/fullchain.pem. Your cert will expire on 2016–03–31. To obtain
a new version of the certificate in the future, simply run Let's Encrypt again.
– Your account credentials have been saved in your Let's Encrypt configuration directory at
/etc/letsencrypt. You should make a secure backup of this folder now. This configuration directory
will also contain certificates and private keys obtained by Let's Encrypt, so making regular backups

of this folder is ideal.
– If you like Let's Encrypt, please consider supporting our work by:
Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt: https://letsencrypt.org/donate Donating to EFF:

Linux Mint Pdf
Official User Guide
Linux Mint
Main Edition
Page 1 of 50
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION TO LINUX MINT........................................................................................ 4
HISTORY.........................................................................................................................................4
PURPOSE.........................................................................................................................................4
VERSION NUMBERS AND CODENAMES
..........................................................................................5 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
35 PACKAGE MANAGEMENT IN LINUX
MINT..................................................................................35 THE SOFTWARE
MANAGER...........................................................................................................40 THE
MENU....................................................................................................................................40
SYNAPTIC APT..........................................................................................................................40
Page 2 of 50
REMOVE
APPLICATIONS..............................................................................................................41 FROM
THE MENU..........................................................................................................................41 USING
APT...................................................................................................................................42

Linux Security Technology
|Linux Security Technology | |
1. SELinux SELinux, an implementation of Mandatory Access Control (MAC) in the Linux kernel,
adds the ability to administratively define policies on all subjects (processes) and objects (devices,
files, and signaled processes). This mechanism is in the Linux kernel, checking for allowed
operations after standard Linux Discretionary Access Controls DAC are checked. Security–
Enhanced Linux (SELinux) is a Linux feature that provides a mechanism for supporting access
control security policies, including United States Department of Defense–style mandatory access
controls, through the use of Linux ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
More complex mappings are also possible, involving roles and security levels. A typical policy
consists of a mapping (labeling) file, a rule file, and an interface file, that define the domain
transition. These three files must be compiled together with the SELinux tools to produce a single
policy file. The resulting policy file can be loaded into the kernel, making it active. Loading and
unloading policies does not require a reboot. The policy files are either hand written or can be
generated from the more user friendly SELinux management tool. They are normally tested in
permissive mode first, where violations are logged but allowed. The audit2allow tool can be used
later to produce additional rules that extend the policy to allow all legitimate activities of the
application being confined. The Security–enhanced Linux's new features are designed to enforce the
separation of information based on confidentiality and integrity requirements. They are designed for
preventing processes from reading data and programs, tampering with data and programs, bypassing
application security mechanisms, executing untrustworthy programs, or interfering with other
processes in violation of the system security policy. They also help to confine the potential damage
that can be caused by malicious or flawed programs. They should also be useful for enabling a
single system to be used by users with differing

Linux And Windows And Linux
1. What are Linux distros? Mention the names of a few distros. Are all of the distros open source
and free?
Linux distros i.e. Linux distributions, is a merging of all the different parts and programs that is
created by different organizations.
Some of the Linux distros are Ubuntu, openSUSE, Debian, Slackware, Gentoo, Arch Linux.
Not all of the distros are open source and free.
2. What is the significance of file extensions (.txt, .pdf, .docx, .jpeg, etc) in Windows and Linux?
For example, there is a file named as hello.mp3 in windows and Linux. What type of file will it be
in Windows and Linux? Briefly explain.
In windows almost every file require the use of extension in order for the system to function.
In Linux operating system they do not require the use of extension.
In Linux, the extensions are used only to make the user understand the type of file.
TYPE OF FILE: o In windows: hello.mp3 will be a mp3 file only and the extension is important to
be specified. o In Linux: hello.mp3 is considered as a normal file which can be used for texts, video
etc
3. Briefly explain metacharacter and in Linux with an example
Special character in data field or program that provides information about other character.
this metacharacter is basically used as 'command filename' .Sends the output of the command
on the left into the file named on the right of this symbol. If the file does not exist, create it and if
does exist, overwrite it eg. cal

Essay about ISS 418 Lab 7 and 8
Lab Assessment Questions Answers
1. What is the command to view the current Linux Kernel parameters?
The command that will allow you to see the Kernel parameters is sysctl –a.
2. What command can you run to list all the kernels available parameters one screen at a time with
the ability to move forward and backwards on the output?
The command that would you to do accomplish this would be the less /proc/modules
3. What is the purpose of enabling syncookies in the Linux Kernel?
The purpose of enabling syncookies in the Linux Kernel is to help prevent a type of DoS attack by
dropping connection which can lead to additional SYN messages.
4. When you want to enable a Linux Kernel command and enable it immediately without a physical
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What would you enable to set the Kernel to debug mode? Why would someone choose to enable
this?
Depending on what an administer was attempting to troubleshoot would determine what you would
enable to turn on debugging. If a person was trying to troubleshoot CUPS they would enable CUPS
and make the changes in the /var/log/debug file.
9. What is the relation between sysctl.conf and the sysctl command?
The sysctl command is used to modify kernel parameters at runtime. /etc/sysctl.conf is a text file
containing sysctl values to be read in and set by sysct at boot time
10. If you wanted to modify a kernel parameter without editing the sysctl.conf file would it be
possible? If yes, please give the example.
Yes you can edit the Kernel parameters with out editing the sysctl.conf file by using the sysctl
command. Sysctl –n Suppress printing of the field name, only output the field value.
Part #2
Implement Best Practices for Secure Software Management
Learning Objectives and Outcomes
Upon completing this lab, students will learn about the following tasks:
Recommend security settings after discovering all installed packages in the kernel to help evaluate
the security measures that are necessary
Configure the RPM database to add repositories securely for the distribution of software to persons

that do not need access to the system directly, only to download any updates or RPMs
Verify a source tar

Yeah
Computer and its components
Computer : Computer itself a combination of different type of separate electronic device. i.e.
Computer only will be computer if it has INPUT DEVICE, PROCESS UNIT, and OUTPUT
DEVICE.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) : It is heart and mind of the computer without this unit computer
unable to process.
Keyboard : This is an input device which is used to input the data into the computer.
Mouse : This is also an input device which is used to input the data into the computer.
Monitor : This is an output device which is used to show the result of the instructions. There are
variety of monitor available in the market such as, CRT Monitor, LCD Monitor, Touch Screen
Monitor, TFT Monitor etc.
Switched Mode ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Compiler : This is also a convertor which converts whole high level language programme to low
level language programme at a time.
Number System
Binary Number System : It has only base 2 i.e 0 and 1
Octal Number System : Base of octal is 8 i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Decimal Number System : Base of Decimal is 10 i.e. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Hexadecimal Number System : Base of this number system is 16 i.e. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E
F
Operating System
Windows : This is an Proprietary Operating system and vendor is Microsoft. i.e. Windows 2007,

Windows vista, Windows 2008 etc.
Linux : This is an open source Operating System such as ubuntu, fedora, debian, mandriva, centOS
etc. Linux (Ubuntu ) Desktop Elements. File Management in Linux (Ubuntu)
Computer Security
Virus and worms : These are the computer programme which malfunction the computer system.
Virus requires a carrier while worms does this by itself. Worm does not requires any carrier.
Spoofing : Through this, deceiving the computer users and making the fool.
Intrusion or Hacking : If a computer is used and controlled by unauthorised users then it is called
hacking and who does this is called hacker. Main purpose of hacking to steal the private data or alter
the actual data.
Denial of Services: The main aim of this attack is to bring down the targeted network and make it to
deny the service for

Microsoft Windows The Original Vision For Windows
Microsoft Windows
The original vision for windows was formed by Bill Gates and Paul Allen, a computer on every
desktop in every home (Microsoft, 2014). This vision started to become a reality in June 1981
when Microsoft ships its first computer containing MS–DOS. MS–DOS was a command line based
operating system where users had to type various commands to complete tasks. However Microsoft
came to the conclusion that this was not a very productive way of doing things and there had to be
an easier way of doing it. And so in November 1985 they released the first version of Windows,
Windows 1.0. For the first time it allowed users to use a mouse to click icons and interact with
windows on the desktop instead of typing in a command line. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
On 24th August 1995 Microsoft released Windows 95 which brought in the era of modems, faxes,
and the internet. Windows 95 had dial–up support out of the box and first introduced revolutionary
Plug and Play allowing users to easily be able to install hardware and software. As well as this users
first experienced the famous Windows 'Start Button'. At the time of release Windows 95 sold 7
million copies and was running on 80% of the world's computers. (Microsoft, 2014)
After Windows 95, users quickly saw Windows 98 and then Windows ME released. Within these
releases Microsoft added support for reading DVD discs and USB support. Various programs were
included as well to allow users to use their computer to carry out more tasks, this included the
System Restore Tool which allowed users to take their computers back before a problem occurred.
(Microsoft, 2014)
Windows XP saw a redesigned look when it was released on 25th October 2001 and became one of
Microsoft most successful releases of all time. Along with Windows XP came remote desktop
support and the ability to encrypt files, as well as security and networking updates. Several other
versions of Windows XP were released which included for the first time a 64 bit processor version
and a tablet version. (Microsoft, 2014)
In 2006 Microsoft released

4. 1 Task : Install A Linux Distros
4.1 Task: Install a Linux Distro
1. You will need a USB drive of 8 GB or higher capacity. Install a Linux distribution of your choice,
but within the Ubuntu family, onto the USB drive as if it is a HDD.
1. This can be the multiboot USBD you created in an earlier lab. You will need to mount the system
read–and–write. The so–called frugal–install or ISO based installs will not do.
2. Should you wish to work with non–Ubuntu distros, adapt the following appropriately.
2. Establish at least 5 ordinary users with names and passwords of your choice. Learn how to do this
as a script. Include the script in your submission. The following script was used to create the users.
(See figure 1).
#!/bin/bash
# Script to add a user to Linux system if [ ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I created a stronger password
4.2 Task: DAC Examples
1. Take five examples as–is from LXU and explain DAC ideas.
4.3 Task: File Permissions, Etc
1. Find and report all files with peculiar permissions. Examples: no permissions given ––– ––– –––,
executable but not readable, readable for group and others but not the owner, unsearchable
directories, etc.
To view file permissions, I used ls –la (–– removed HTML ––) command. For instance, to display
all the files of the /root directory, I typed ls –la /root. (see figure 4). The –a option would display the
hidden files which are typically the system files. Figure 4: viewing file permissions
The log.txt has no read, write, execute permissions.
2. Files and directories whose names begin with a dot are unlisted by ls unless –a flag is used. Find
and report all such files and directories whose size is larger than 10 MB.
4.4 Task: Check for Weak Logins
1. No password shoul be breakable within an hour. List the names and plain text passwords of such
users. Assume you are root.
2. Should root be allowed to login? Ubuntu/ Debian do not assign a passwd to root. Discuss the
pro/cons of this choice.
The advantages of not having root password is that the users can easily swich to root without
signing in with a password. This gives a flexibility of running certain scripts and installing
programs.

However, not assigning a password to root would be disadvantageous in terms of security. Any user
in the group would be able to

Research Paper On Virtual Employees And Company Policy
Virtual Employees and Company Policy
Everyone will be able to work from home with a simple, reliable and affordable system like the
Inspiron 17 5767 Non–Touch type of laptop from Dell. It has 7th Generation Intel Core i5–7200U
Processor (3MB Cache, up to 3.10 GHz), Windows 10 Home 64–bit English, 8GB, DDR4,
2400MHz, 1TB 5400 rpm SATA Hard Drive, 17.3–inch FHD (1920 x 1080) Anti–Glare LED–
Backlit Display, Non–touch, Tray load DVD Drive (Reads and Writes to DVD/CD). The system
already comes with 1YR Premium Support – Provides you with in–home service after remote
diagnosis with Support Assist technology for proactive issue detection and alerts. This combines
anytime access to expert technicians for hardware and popular software issues ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The keyboard types faster and the camera has lots of add–ons to play around with. I think Verizon is
a better decision for us because we can combine the phones and plans for a great price and the
installment price is only 31.50 per month (Verizon.com).
The Virtual employee will perform typical office duties to telecommute. Their duties are to reply to
emails, manage calendars, enter data and assist with social media. With these type of
responsibilities, it is important that everyone receives a stipend for their internet connection with
Spectrum cable. They provide the fastest speed for working from home because of their 25
Megabytes speed per seconds. This helps with replying to email, managing calendar events, entering
data and assistance with social media.
The Operating system that was decided is Windows 10 64 bit because it is faster and it is able to
download more data than the 34 bit. With different time zones for each virtual employee, through
Microsoft, we can network and connect with each other. Windows 10 has the latest updates and to
protect the PC and laptops, there is a Microsoft security software already built in the hardware
called Windows Defender that will protect us from malware and unwanted software. To ensure that
the program is working we can just ask 'Cortana' in the task bar

Operating Systems : Operating System
There are dozens of operating systems out in the wild, each designed and optimized for different
things. This paper will be focusing on one such optimized operating system named Raspbian. This
operating system is a derivation of the more well–known operating system Debian. More precisely,
Raspbian is a modified and optimized port of Debian's Jessie build. As this paper goes on, readers
will discover that since Raspbian is a direct descendent of Debian Jessie, it inherits most of Debian's
traits.
To begin, the name Raspbian comes from two separate pieces. The first is its parent operating
system, Debian. Debian is an operating system created by The Debian Project that makes use of
either the Linux kernel or the FreeBSD kernel. Raspbian derives from Debian in that it was
originally designed to be a port of the ABI ARM Hard Float Port, also known as the armhf port,
which was in itself a port of Debian Wheezy. The reason for the double port of Debian is the other
half of Raspbian's name: the Raspberry Pi. The original Raspberry Pi was released by The
Raspberry Pi Foundation in February 2012. Originally designed in Europe, the hope was that
teachers, developers and the government will come together to get the device into the hands of
children who may not have access to a computer at home or would not be allowed by parents to
'muck about with it' (Cellan–Jones). The Raspberry Pi Foundation was met with immediate success
not only in its original goal, but far beyond it. The

Linux Operating System (graduate level CIS term paper)
1. What Is Linux?
Linux is an operating system that was initially created as a hobby by a young student, Linus
Torvalds, at the University of Helsinki in Finland. Linus had an interest in Minix, a small UNIX
system, and decided to develop a system that exceeded the Minix standards. He began his work in
1991 when he released version 0.02 and worked steadily until 1994 when version 1.0 of the Linux
Kernel was released. The current full–featured version is 2.4 (released January 2001) and
development continues.
Linux is developed under the GNU General Public License and its source code is freely available to
everyone. This however, doesn't mean that Linux and its assorted distributions are free ––
companies and developers may charge money ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Process management creates processes, and implements multitasking by switching the active
process on the processor.
At the lowest level, the kernel contains a hardware device driver for each kind of hardware it
supports. Since the world is full of different kinds of hardware, the number of hardware device
drivers is large. There are often many otherwise similar pieces of hardware that differ in how they
are controlled by software. The similarities make it possible to have general classes of drivers that
support similar operations; each member of the class has the same interface to the rest of the kernel
but differs in what it needs to do to implement them. For example, all disk drivers look alike to the
rest of the kernel, i.e., they all have operations like `initialize the drive', `read sector N', and `write
sector N'.
Some software services provided by the kernel itself have similar properties, and can therefore be
abstracted into classes. For example, the various network protocols have been abstracted into one
programming interface, the BSD socket library. Another example is the virtual filesystem (VFS)
layer that abstracts the filesystem operations away from their implementation. Each filesystem type
provides an implementation of each filesystem operation. When some entity tries to use a
filesystem, the request goes via the VFS, which routes the request to the proper filesystem driver.
3. Linux Distributions
1.Debian :

Debian official

Caso Suzzane de Passe
CASO: SUZANNE DE PASSE EN MOTOWN PRODUCTIONS
MÃ³dulo : DirecciÃ³n de Capital Humano Profesora : VerÃ³nica De Lucca Alumnos : IvÃ¡n Buzio
U. Juan A. Escobar D. Carolina Fuica M. Mariela Moreno T. Carolina Posada C.
AGOSTO – 2010
Antecedentes.
Motown Productions (MP) pertenece a una industria altamente competitiva, el Entretenimiento
(ProducciÃ³n musical, de televisiÃ³n, cinematogrÃ¡fica y de espectÃ¡culos).
MP comienza con la producciÃ³n musical, donde su sello discogrÃ¡fico busca, recluta y corre
riesgos publicando a nuevos artistas, preferentemente de raza negra.
Ha sido una empresa relativamente exitosa hacia fines de los 60' y durante los 70', pero su dueÃ±o
Berry Gordy, ve que MP debe ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Por otra parte debÃ
a comenzar a separar con mayor nitidez sus funciones de Presidenta y de
Productora.
Puntos de Conflicto y Situaciones a Mejorar
Dado lo anterior, Â¿cuÃ¡les eran los conflictos a los que se exponÃ
a la compaÃ±Ã
a?
a) Producto del Ã©nfasis en el trabajo en equipo, tanto el proceso de comunicaciÃ³n como la toma
de decisiones, podÃ
a tornarse mÃ¡s lenta de lo que ya era.
b) El incremento de las producciones que MP debÃ
a llevar a cabo y en las que estaba involucrada,
hacÃ
an difÃ
cil continuar trabajando como tradicionalmente se habÃ
a hecho, con la participaciÃ³n
y el involucramiento de todos en todos los proyectos. El mayor nÃºmero de producciones, podrÃ
a
pasarles la cuenta al personal de MP y terminar quemÃ¡ndolos, producto de la mayor carga de
trabajo.
c) La delegaciÃ³n de funciones en productores externos a MP, podrÃ
a redundar en la pÃ©rdida de
la cohesiÃ³n y del espÃ
ritu de trabajo en equipo que habÃ
a sido caracterÃ
stico en MP.
d) En este nuevo escenario, Â¿cÃ³mo podÃ
an garantizar la calidad de sus producciones y al mismo
tiempo mantener el espÃ
ritu de compaÃ±erismo entre su personal?
e) CÃ³mo era difÃ
cil responder a tiempo, dada la simultaneidad de producciones en las que MP
estaba involucrada, se hacÃ
a necesario pasar de las acciones y reacciones en corto plazo hacia,
hacia un proceso

Installing Windows Server 2012 Machine
GOAL
The main purpose of this lab is to install and configure services such as Active Directory, DNS and
DHCP on the Windows Server 2012 machine. Also the DNS and DHCP services were monitored
with the help of a monitoring system like OpsviewAtom and Windows Performance Monitor. The
role of DHCP is to make sure that clients (Windows 7) can obtain an IP address whereas that of
DNS is to make sure that they can access websites within the domain.
The steps regarding AD, DNS and DHCP were a refresher as it was covered in a previous class. The
installation and configuration of Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer and Performance monitor
was new which needed some research and understanding.
PROCEDURAL AND INFORMATIONAL DOCUMENTATION
The first activity of the lab is to install Windows Server 2012 Datacenter. The steps involve using
VMWare's Vsphere and the .iso image of windows server that is already been installed. The steps
for setting up the OS on the VM are pretty straightforward. After the CD/DVD has been inserted the
installation process is followed and then Server can now be used.
The second activity involved the installation of DHCP on the Windows Server machine. This is
done by Add the DHCP Server feature Option from within the Server Manager, Add Roles and
Features. After the installation is completed, the scope of the subnet is to be defined. Within the
scope, the allocated range of IP addresses is entered along with certain reservations (Windows 7
client) exceptions.

Application Of A Raspberry Pi
Introduction:
Raspberry Pi
The Raspberry Pi is a pocket–sized, lightweight and cheap computer that plugs into most TV or
computer monitors. It is capable of everything that your usual computer would do. Such as Word
processor, Spreadsheets, PowerPoint, games and can even play high definition videos. This credit–
card sized computer was designed for all ages to use with aims that children all over the world could
use it to study programming. Compared to a 'normal' computer, the price of a Raspberry Pi is
considerably less – with them costing between $25 and $35 for Models A and B respectively (plus
taxes and shipping fees)
Setting up a Raspberry Pi
Here are the essential components to set up a Raspberry Pi:
Here are other non–essential items but helpful to have:
'Standard' Computer Vs Raspberry Pi
The obvious differences between a Raspberry Pi and your 'standard' Desktop PC would be price and
appearance. For example, your Raspberry Pi will most often be cheaper than a desktop and you can
certainly guarantee it will be smaller too. Another thing that differentiates the two devices is how the
Raspberry Pi looks like a motherboard – the piece of a computer that allows components to
communicate. This is because all the input/output ports are visible, whereas your typical computer
would hide the motherboard in the monitor of a computer. Apart from these differences, the
Raspberry Pi has all the necessary elements, like an average PC, to start simple computing.

Unix Linux Research Paper
unix linux
Unix has different costs and its not freely accessible linux can be freely downloaded, There are
priced versions for Linux also, but windows normally costs a lot more cost
unix linux on the other side unix operating system is used in internet servers, workstations
personal computers.Backbone of the majority of finance infastructure and many 24x365 high
availability solutions. linux is a great example of an open source software development and free
operating system,linux can be installed on many devices ranging from mobile phones to
computers,mainframes and upper computers usage
Unix Linux whereas the Unix users have to wait weeks for a bug removal patch due to it going
through an endless development cycles . both operating systems are vulnerable to bugs and threats
,yet Linux is way better in dealing with bugs and threats as it's an open operating system ,bugs can
be reported by anyone in the user/developer forum ,and it gets fixed within few days Threat
detection
A rough estimate of UNIX viruses is between 85 and 120 viruses reported till now. Linux has had
about 60 to 100 viruses listed till date. None ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was written in the C language and was designed to be a portable and multi–user system in a time–
sharing configuration. the inventor of Linus OS is Linus travolds,he always wanted to call his
invention 'Freax'.at the beginning , he used to store files under the name 'Freax' for about 12
months.in 1991,travolds became curious about operating systems so he thought of creating his own
while attending to his university and he was frustrated by the licensing of Minix ,which at the time
limited it to educational use only ,so he began to work on his own operating system kernel ,which
became the Linux kernel operating system ,he then began to develop his operating system on Minix
and the applications used on minix were also used on the Linux later.

Nt1310 Unit 3 Project Part 2 Types Of Equipment
Project Part 2: Types of Equipment There are various types of equipment that the company should
look for when considering this network. The first item to look at when considering equipment is the
Operating system and software that we would need. Next, the group took into consideration the type
of server the company needs to make this network a reality. Another thing that we looked at is the
possibility of having ThinClients over regular desktops for all workstations. Of course, it was taken
into consideration that some employees would not want ThinClients. So, we show the type of tower
we plan to place into those spaces, along with any peripheral device for both. Then, we will look at
the network devices that will go into each building that include switches, routers, repeaters, hubs,
and wireless access points. Finally, the group will note guidelines for choosing a local ISP at each
site. Each Item outlined helps to build a network based on the specifications given by the company.
The Operating System
The best operating system for this company running on thin clients would be Linux. Some of the
advantages Linux are the cost. There is zero cost to download and maintain the Linux system. Not
only is Linux free to download on multiple computers, there is also the advantage of updated or
modern versions ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For this, a product from a company known for its networking security products is selected.
Choosing this device means that there is plenty of support for the firewall, and it should stay up to
date on various attack strategies. The device is the Cisco ASA 5510. This device is a tried and tested
Intrusion Prevention System. It offers much throughput from the ISP while still actively protecting
the network (broadbandbuyer.co.uk, 2015). There are other firewall companies that have good
reviews such as Barracuda and Dell, but Cisco products have always stood

Components Of The Environment

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