Variable Cost And Total Contribution Essay

Variable Cost and Total Contribution Essay
1. In question 1, I have assumed its only the Tashtego that makes the trip of Balik to Singapore and
back. I have also assumed the relevant cost is the cargo cost only. Therefore, profit contribution of
carrying I ton of tapioca from Balik and Singapore:
Expected revenue $5.10 Less freight cost (0.25+0.56) 0.81 Profit Contibution 4.29
From Singapore to Balik:
Expected Revenue $2.70
Less freight cost (0.16+0.32+0.14) 0.62
Profit Contribution 2.08 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Total contribution per round trip for each vessel
Note: Cargo cost is total of ligterage, steve doring and crainage costs
For Blik these costs are: (0.81*4500)=$3645
For Singapore costs are: (0.62*4500)=$2790
For Tashtego Balik–Singapore Singapore–Balik
Revenue (3950*$5.10)=$20145 (3150*$2.7)=$8505
Less: total costs
Ship cost(1415) (2.5*1415)=$3538 (1415*1)=$1415
Trip cost (1575+73+701)=$2349 (900+126+701)=$1727
Cargo cost
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Velddrift Case Study
2. Different marine living resources are harvested in and around velddrift. These resources include
Sardines (Harvested at saldahna bay), anchovies and tuna species which are the resources for the big
fishing industries in and around velddrift and they are captured by using purse seine vessels and
trawler vessels. Another living resource includes Mullets which are the resources among the locals
owning small businesses and they are captures by gill nets, beach seine nets, ring nets and traps.
Fence or maze traps, built at right–angles from shore–lines, are used to guide spawning migrations
of mullets into large retaining areas in the berg river estuary. Some other resource includes Galjoens,
west coast Steen bras, Elf and Snoek fish; these are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Different legislations have been applied to manage this Mullets resource at velddrift. These
legislations include; Marine living resource act, 18/98, and Environment Conservation Act, 73/89.
The Marine living resource act aims to provide for the conservation of the marine ecosystem, which
includes long term sustainable utilisation of resources and orderly access to exploitation, utilization
protection of certain living resources. This act is being used at the Berg river estuary where Mullets
is the main living resource harvested by communities. The purpose of the act is to provide control
over this resource in a rational and unbiased manner to the benefit of all communities of velddrift.
The act aims to achieve the best use and ecological sustainable development of Mullets species at
the Berg Estuary (Waternet.co.za, 2016). This legislation also states that no person has the authority
to engage in commercial fishing or any other type of fishing, or participate in Mari–culture and to
operate a fish processing establishment of fishing, no person is allowed to abolish any fauna and
flora rather than to partake in fishing Mullets species. For a person to undertake or engage to operate
a fish process establishment or to undertake in any sort of commercial or subsistence fishing, one
must be granted a right to do so by DAFF (Anon,

Paul Watson Research Paper
Imagine one day waking up and realizing that the sea animals in the entire ocean are no more. It's
estimated that about one–third of the earth love's to eat sea food; therefore, most of the ocean
contain sea animals, and with the smaller amount of the animals, there will be no sea food. Paul
Watson dedicated his life to save the marine animals no matter what the cost, even his own arrest.
Paul Watson is currently the founder of Sea Shepherd Conservation Society after he was kicked out
of the Greenpeace in 1977. He had a fitting life experience with sea animals his entire life Paul
Watson was born in Toronto, Canada, on December 2, 1950. When Paul turn six year old he and his
family moved to lobster fishing town of St. In 1960, Watson ... Show more content on
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The nuclear test had been delayed to ruin the plans of the trip of the Greenpeace however, the U.S.
Atomic Energy Committee advanced the next blast date to avoid the Greenpeace too. Watson, was
one of the people who started a group and is the director of Greenpeace. Watson and some of his
friends had made the first campaign about opposing whaling in 1974, as in the article; "Watson,
Robber Hunter, Dr.Paul Spong and the others organized the first series of actions to reach a goal by
Greenpeace to argue against whaling." In June 1975, Robert Hunter and Watson were the first
people to put their lives on the line to protect whales. When Watson place his inflatable Zodiac
between a Russian Harpoon vessel and a pod of defenseless sperm whale. In the movie, A Fierce
Green Fire, "Watson say that he recognized a glint of understanding in the dying whales eyes. He
felt that the whale knew what they were about to do." A few seconds of looking into the whale's eye
it changed his life forever. He became a lifelong defender of the whales and all creatures in the

Oceana Research Paper
The ocean covers 71% of the earth's surface, is a home to hundreds of different species of animals
but also provides food to millions of families all over the world. Recently is has been reported that
the amount of fish being caught has been decreasing due to overfishing and illegal fishing practices
and trawling by commercial fishing boats. In my opinion, our Ocean has the potential to provide
food to millions more people if start to make making changes now. I believe Oceana is leading the
pack regarding ocean conservation on a global scale. Oceana was established in 2001, and is the
largest nonprofit organization in the world solely concentrated on ocean conservation. What makes
Oceana stand out from other nonprofits like Take 3, 5 Gyres, Reef Check, SeaTurtles.org, is that
they focus on placing policies into effect into countries with little to no ocean conservation laws all
over the world. Oceana in my opinion really takes it to the next level with their dedication and
persistence, which has helped them win over 100 victories since the company was founded. One of
my favorite projects of 2016 was a proposed rule released by The Obama administration to make it
mandatory for Shrimping nets to have Turtle Excluder Devices(TEDs). The device is composed of
metal grates that are inserted into the nets to allow sea turtles and ... Show more content on
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Oceana has really made a difference in the legal aspect of ocean conservation, which is not always
an easy task to get change into place in many bureaucracies. The ocean has the potential to feed
millions of people if we put more proper fishing guidelines into place, and help restore fish
populations. The world population is expected to increase to 9.6 billion by 2050. If we continue this
path without any change the effects will be catastrophic for the ocean and for the human

Overfishing Research Paper
Millions of people rely on the ocean for basic nutrition in their diet as well as financially, but the
majority of those people do not know what effects of catching that fish might have on the
ecosystem. Overfishing has been done for century's and continues to this day with the first group of
fishermen hauling in nearly 500 pounds of fish per fishermen on an eighteen to thirty man vessel in
the 11th century. Lack of government also contributes to the problem of life in the ocean to ensure
there is an equal balance. Although enforcing laws can ensure the survivability of the oceans
ecosystem; cretin fishing companies damage the balance due to the dragging of nets across reefs
furthermore removing predatory fish. With fishing companies using ... Show more content on
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A way to do this is limit the number of fish a vessel can catch, but that vassal secures a share of the
catch for the members to do as they please. Meghan Marrero, an author for National Geographic,
stated "The goal of fisheries management is to develop regulations based on scientific data. These
regulations may be based on knowledge of species' life histories, migration patterns, or other
information" (Marrero, paragraph 24). A preferred method by cretin smaller fishermen is the
traditional hood and reel which limits the number of fish one can haul in a single day due to the size
of their boat along with the number of people on board or farm fish to ensure the health of the wild
population. Still, the reefs are in danger due to the decline of fish populations, some companies
along with the U.S. Navy, sink ships to create artificial reefs or create reefs on shore to later sink,
but establishing laws would greatly enhance the life of a reef along with ensuring the balance it is
responsible

Investigating The Marine Safety Of The Facility For The...
Good day,
The undersigned visited the port of Punto Lobitos, the shipment facility for the export of Coper and
Zinc Concentrates. The purpose of this visit was to assess the marine safety of the facility and the
relevant environmental safety aspects. The facility has been in operation since 2001 and is capable
of exporting 1,800,000 t of copper and zinc concentrates annually. The Port Facilities include
receiving tanks for the slurry, treatment facilities, storage shed for 160,000 t of concentrate,
conveyors from the filter plant to the storage building and from the storage building to the ships, a
multi buoy mooring berth for ships up to 61,000 DWT and the associated infrastructure.
Antamina is a poly–metallic mining complex that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Tank agitators keep the mineral in suspension
Pressure filters that separate solids from the water
The treatment plant to recover the water from the slurry ; the concentrates arrive in batches
A storage pond for the treated water . The treated water is used for in afforestation of 170 hectares of
land.
A storage facility of about 160,000 MT of concentrate (about 120,000 MT without contamination
between the two concentrates)
Marine facility (Multibuoy berthing system), the berth :
The loading facility comprises of 271 meters long and 6 meters wide trestle in North West
orientation that supports a conveyor. A fixed slewing radial arm ship loader is installed on the
concrete pier , 80 meters X 10 meters. The concrete pier also referred to as the berthing dolphin
housing the ship loader is protected by five Yokohama foam type fenders. The shiploader can be
extended 51 meters from its pivot and 36 meters beyond face of the berth. It is designed to load
vessels at an average rate of 1450 MT per hour for continuous operation. A service platform is
provided to allow maintenance on the ship–loader.
The berthing facility comprises of six cylindrical buoys; 5 m diameter X 2 m height, each designed
for a 85 tonne pull. Each buoy is fitted with a light and a manually operated 90 tonne Quick release
hook. The vessels berth in a spread mooring pattern using six buoys without touching the pier, with
bow heading in a westerly direction (outwards

Research Paper On Overfishing
Heller 1
Without many people even realizing it, overfishing is one of the biggest causes of decreased marine
life. This fish–depleting tactic has severely impacted many aspects of not only marine life but also
human life. However, overfishing is not the only problem that threatens the oceans. Some have
taken the other side by claiming that pollution is the major problem of decreased marine populations
around the world. This has sparked debate on which cause has affected sea creatures the most. Even
though overfishing is one of the biggest causes of depleted fish populations, pollution also plays a
big factor because it affects the fish's food cycle, and reduced marine populations is a big issue
because fish is a primary source of protein for 17% of the world. According to the National
Geographic Society in the article Overfishing – Pristine Seas, "The earliest overfishing occurred in
the early 1800s when humans, seeking blubber for lamp oil, decimated the whale population".
Overfishing grew worse over time from that incident, which has drastically interfered with the
ocean's food cycle. Since certain species of marine life such as fish and whales are vital to human
dietary needs, rules and regulations needed to put in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
fisheries management is a transparent and robust process of science, management, innovation, and
collaboration with the fishing industry. This act was first passed in 1976, and it regulates limitations
on annual fish catches in U.S. federal waters. This law has aided in the prevention of overfishing,
rebuilding of overfished areas, long–term social and economic benefits, and prevention of unsafe
seafood. Through this regulation, the United States was setting an example to the rest of the world
on the importance of maintaining the ocean's most important contributors. Also, the Coast Guard
plays a major

Why Are So Many Fisheries Over Exploited And Why Have...
Why are so many fisheries over–exploited and why have policy–makers struggled to do anything
about it?
The most appealing point from Hardin's classic paper is that we cannot expect ones to have
consciousness over what lies beyond oneself. Furthermore, comparing whether ones is more mindful
than the other is simply obscure or even imperceptible (Hardin, 1968). Although the contexts was in
regard to breeding and laissez–faire population growth, this idea has deeper and broader context that
is much relatable to a lot of environmental degradation problems we are facing today. We cannot
expect someone not to swim in the lake in a lovely summer, and when it is over–crowded, the lake
ecosystem is likely to be degraded than the original state. When it's damaged, no one would want
take responsible of it, even if the damage is mutual for their future uses. The same way we cannot
expect any fishermen not to take as many fish as they want in the sea–no matter how the number
have shown that the sea is heavily damaged, no matter how fiercely the environmental campaigns
have taken place–because each of the fisherman persists to their own justifiable reason, ignoring the
fact that they are actually wrestling at mutual cost: discounting each other's future profit. This is
precisely the underlying rationale of why fisheries, and a lot of other natural resources, turn into
tragedy; because we refer only to our interests and wouldn't pick up on something that no one else
wants to actually

Commercial Fishing Is Bad
Commercial Fishing has always been a means of making a lucrative living. So much so, that is one
of the reasons that concerns have risen today. With the increase in the number of commercial
fisherman within the U.S., it requires more fish to be fished from the seas. Over the years, changes
in the fish stock population has become a serious concern. Commercial Fishing is also destroying
our sea beds and marine life that lives on the sea floor of the oceans. Many times, the threats to
marine life due to commercial fishing are not detected until the marine life has suffered a significant
decline in numbers. Unless other practices are put in place, the impacts of regular fishing spots,
bottom trawling and pollution will have a catastrophic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They are also a food source for mammals on land, such as otters, birds, and bears. The food chain
starts with plant life and then continues up. Some animals are never considered ocean prey, so they
are referred to as being at the top of the food chain. Animals that are a part of this food chain depend
on each other to survive.
Another tremendous impact on aquatic life is water pollution from fishing boats. Oil spills from
vessels and trawlers can affect the water greatly. An oil spill can affect the entire surrounding
environment. When an oil spill occurs, oil gets trapped in the sediment on the ocean floor. This oil
can maintain on the ocean floor for longer periods of time than within the waters. Anything that
feeds within the sediment would then be affected by the

Why Overfishing Is Bad
Fishing is a great hobby for the "average Joe." People fish for fun, family bonding, and to make a
living. Overfishing, defined as excessive fishing to an extent, damages local ecology.
"Overfishing.org", found at, http://overfishing.org/pages/what_is_overfishing.php, states, "Catching
too many fish; fishing so much that the fish cannot sustain their population". This means that too
many fish are taken out of the water too quickly causing a low population count. People who are
overfishing oceans, lakes, rivers, etc. are affecting local biological organism and humankind itself.
Humans constantly fishing these bodies of water affect the whole food chain. In a few years, your
favorite fish may not exist. World powers, such as the United States ... Show more content on
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There are multiple ways of protecting our oceans and keeping a balanced, ecologically diverse
population of fish. An effective way of preventing overfishing is instituting preventative legislature.
Developed and developing countries may consider passing laws that protect certain fish or certain
areas with endangered fish. Another way of preventing overfishing is to quarantine or create
sanctuaries to protect aquatic animals like the National Marine Sanctuaries,
http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/visit/fishing.html. Sanctuaries will provide a shelter for animals that are
rare and have a low population

Endangerment Of Dolphins
The Affect Gillnetting Has on The Endangerment of Dolphins
Many issues with very few solutions are causing endangerment to Dolphins. The biggest issue
causing such endangerments to this species is the issue of fishing. Fishing of Dolphins has been
overlooked by many people who had no clue Dolphins were an endangered species or the fact they
were even a species that was fished for by fishermen. Humans have been the biggest impact on their
endangerment due to fishing. While regulations have been put on fisherman, many happen to
overlook the rules and continue to fish for what they want to fish for. The government knows about
these fishermen but does nothing to stop them. If there were more regulations on fishing in the
waters and the fishermen and other people listened to these regulations on fishing, Dolphins and
many other species could have a chance for survival. There are many strategies of fishing but one of
these strategies has made a huge impact on their endangerment. A specific fishing strategy called
gillnetting has become illegal in many different regions and countries due to species endangerment.
Even though gillnetting is illegal, it does not stop fishermen from gillnetting. The Hector, Baiji,
Maui and Indo–Pacific Humpback Dolphins are just some of the few types of Dolphins who are on
the endangered list due to gillnetting in the waters around the world. The only solutions that have
been thought of so far have been the government regulations on fishermen.

Pros And Cons Of Overfishing
Chai Lin
Ms Signorino
LA 11
20 April 2016
Fresh Fish Forever Fish have been one of mankind's greatest resource throughout history. They have
been sustenance to civilizations in the most extreme climates. But now they are being overfished.
There are pros and cons of overfishing. Some pros include more jobs, healthier food, and it provides
food for the world. Overfishing should be stopped because the fishing methods that companies use
can be very destructive to aquatic ecosystems, they can disrupt balances in the food chain and can
lead to the exploitation of non fishing zones/areas, and it can cause overpopulation of other species.
Stop overfish and regulate commercial fishing.
Critics of regulating fishing would say that overfishing creates ... Show more content on
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When predatory fish are gone, the population of the fish that they used to eat will grow. Then the
fish themselves can cause another fish species to go extinct by eating all of them. Then their
population will fall as well because they won't have any food source. An example of this is when
Harelip Sucker went extinct. The Harelip Sucker was a snail eating fish that lived in the Ohio River
over a hundred years ago. The snails were killed off by topsoil and the Harelip Sucker went extinct
(Ohio.gov). The third reason why I believe my claim is because it can lead to the exploitation of non
fishing zones/areas. Fishing companies will try to move to non fishing areas because they need to
meet their fishing quota and other fishing areas have been overfished. This is called illegal,
unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. IUU fishing accounts for an estimate of about 40 percent
of all fish caught in West Africa, and is also the highest level in the world. The reason they are able
to fish in the areas is because they have no reason to fear any checks by fisheries

Cod Chapter Summary
I chose the book Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. As the title suggests, and
the author, Mark Kurlansky, explores, a simple fish, more specifically, cod, has an importance that
has been proven throughout history. The prologue is set in Petty Harbour, a town in Newfoundland
and tells a story of three experienced fishermen, Sam, Leonard, and Bernard. They are participating
in the Sentinel Fishery which was an attempt to help scientists and fishermen work together to
measure the supply of cod. Their boat was to catch as many cod as they could and measure and tag
them. A second boat was to catch exactly 100 cod and open them to identify their age and sex. For
three men who fishing was their life hobby, you would think this would ... Show more content on
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As outlined in this assignment, a hazard is defined as an object, condition, or process that threatens
individuals and society in terms of production or reproduction. I would like to suggest that the
process of overfishing is a hazard that this book unfolds throughout history. Overfishing is simply
when cod are caught at a faster rate than they can naturally reproduce. The author suggests that man
is part of the natural world and the two can't separate themselves, and in this case the activity of
overfishing is driven by man. Cod provided a source of protein and a financial stability to many
nations. As populations increased, the demand for cod increased, and consequently the industry
became competitive in nature. Because of this, fishing for the Atlantic cod became commercialized,
and although nations modernized at different speeds, the goal for all was to catch more. As early as
1815, the French used the technique of longlining. Although it was expensive because of the amount
of bait that was used, it was the first advancement from handlining and allowed for numerous fish to
be caught at once. From there, bottom dragging became popular and although it was an effective
method of catching a lot of cod at once, it was also damaging to other fish that got caught in the net.
In addition to improved techniques, curing methods advanced and freezing methods were
developed. Technology advancements included the chronometer and telegraph which both improved
navigation, and sonors and spotter aircraft aided in spotting cod schools. Fishing boats advanced
from oars and sails to steam powered to motorships. All of these advancements aided in the
overfishing, and consequently became a hazard. Scientists argue that you can't predict nature and
there is no way to tell if and when, as well as, how long it will take to replenish the codstock. For
this reason, I suggest overfishing to be a hazard. The depletion of cod has

The Salmon Fisheries
In my hometown, a local diner serves "Honey dipped Salmon." They claim that the dish is prepared
using a species of Salmon, called Chinook, which is a product of the Alaska Salmon fisheries.
Since Chinook salmon is an anadromous specie, it is born in the fresh water, migrates to the ocean
for 1–5 years and then returns to the Main–channel Rivers to spawn. The female lays around 3,000–
14,000 eggs that are successfully fertilized by the males, however the eggs are very brittle and can
be easily destroyed. Fortunately, enough hatch and survive in Alaska to ensure healthy stocks. After
spawning, they typically die as they don't feed on anything during their widespread migration and
use up all the stored body fat for survival. ("CSSP", n.d.). As an example of their extensive
migration, we can look at "the Yukon River spawners that travel more than 2,000 river miles during
a 60–day period to reach Canada". Their major populations are located in Susitana, Taku, Copper,
Kuskokwin, Nushagak river systems. The specie's returning numbers from their sprawled spawning
migrations had started declining in 2006, however they have significantly recovered now. (Wild
explorer, n.d.)
The Chinook salmon is vastly sought after in Cook Inlet and Southeast Alaska by fishers because of
its great value as a sport fish. The annual value of sports industry in Alaska is about $500 million
and the annual harvest looms around 170,000 fish. ("CSU", n.d.). However, to make the fisheries

Pollution, Overfishing, And The Sea Of An Urban Environment
Philadelphia is a city not far yet not terribly close to the coast, a city rooted in public art relating to
the history of the area. Although bordered by both the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers, it is often
forgotten that the everyday actions of citizens of the city impact the environment both near and as
far away as the Atlantic coast. Awareness must be brought to the issue that we, the human race, are
slowly but surely degrading our planet to the point that it will force major lifestyle changes for
future generations. Art can be used to express emotion, politics, aesthetic pleasures, et cetera. With a
focus on oceanic conservation and preservation, I propose a project to call awareness to the issues of
pollution, overfishing, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is the duty of those living today to ensure this time is delayed, to ensure we do everything in our
power to conserve these perfect living conditions which our species can thrive and evolve under.
Perhaps the most well known problem is that of plastic pollution, as it is very visible in the daily
lives of many citizens all over the globe. In North Philadelphia surrounding Temple's campus is a
constant barrage of empty bottles, plastic bags, discarded wrappers. This is not a unique problem to
a single area, rather it haunts the entire globe. Once this litter finds its way to a water source such as
the Delaware of Schuylkill rivers there is very little to stop it from traveling downstream and out
into the Atlantic. The destruction of wetlands, the natural barriers of land and sea, a sort of plastic
highway has been created to enter the oceanic ecosystem. Callum Roberts explains that "...what has
shocked the world into taking plastic more seriously are the great ocean garbage patches circling
endlessly on voyages without destinations...unless we do something, these places will continue to
suck in trash like oceanic black holes. The trash piles heaped up at the end of the day are horrific
testaments to how messy we are" (Roberts 266–7). The proposed installation will call attention to
the waste littered around campus as the netting could potentially pick up the floating debris that is
often seen caught in

The Global Collapse Of Fish Species
On November 3, 2006, the New York Times published a front–page article titled, "Study Sees
'Global Collapse ' of Fish Species." Within the article, experts cited that if "fishing around the world
continues at its present pace, more and more species will vanish, marine ecosystems will unravel
and there will be 'global collapse ' of all species currently fished, possibly as soon as midcentury."
(Dean, 2006). The issue of overfishing, which is defined as "continuously taking more fish than can
be replaced by reproduction and growth," (Overfishing: What Everyone Needs to Know, Hilborn 5)
has become prevalent in society today. This is because of the advancements in technology and the
pressure made by food industries for fisheries to catch ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is one reason as to how the population of the cod collapsed: overfishing. Before the 1960s, the
cod of Newfoundland had sustained a population where natality and mortality rates (includes natural
death, death by predators, and fishing) were balanced. However, when foreign factory ships
migrated towards Newfoundland, the population of the cod began to drastically increase. In the
1960s, over 30% of foreign ships reported catching over 800,000 tons of cod in a single year. From
that point on, the birth and growth rates of the cod began to decrease. As of result, Canada attempted
to take control of the fishery; unfortunately, it was unable to rebuild the population. Due to this,
Canada was unable to meet it 's target catch in 1991. This caused not only a problem in the food
industry, but for the economy as a whole. Once Crosbie closed the cod fishery, about 20,000 people
became unemployed. This event depicts how overfishing affects the jobs of those who work in the
industry. According to the United States Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), commercial
fishing employs about 44 million people. If fish populations continue to decline, millions of people
will become unemployed as did those in Newfoundland. This will effect the incomes of families,
thus affecting the economic statuses of countries. Along with those who work as fisherman, those
who work in the food industry are affected as well.

Challenge 2 : Land Use Planning
Challenge 2: Land Use Planning
Fukushima is the third largest prefecture in Japan (≅13,800 km). Before GEFE, Fukushima had a
population of almost 2 million people, many of whom lived in the capital, Fukushima City. As a
result of a diverse geography (high peaked mountains, forests, and over 150km of coastline),
Fukushima was a major food production source for Japan. In fact, Nakadori region was the fourth
largest agricultural region in Japan, yielding rice, peaches, apples, pears, tomatoes, and cucumbers.
Tobacco, raw silk and livestock were major exports from the region and the fishing industry
boomed. Since GEFE, Fukushima has dropped from the nation's fourth–largest rice producer to its
seventh, with production reportedly slipping 17% and an estimated 100,000 farmers have lost an
estimated 105 billion yen ($1 billion). The fishing industry lost 75% of its workers while the number
of commercial fishing boats went from 185,465 to 153,034.
Fukushima Prefecture's infrastructure was greatly affected by the earthquake's force, with parts of
Hama–dori region experiencing more than 6.0 magnitude and Fukushima City, in Naka–dori region,
measuring more than 5.0. The tsunami that followed shortly thereafter hit the eastern coast of
Fukushima, causing widespread damage and death. A recorded 1,900 people died and another 1,600
suffered significant injuries. 173,000 residential units were damaged and an estimated 17,000 were
destroyed. Approximately 17,700 non–residential buildings

Why Overfishing Is Bad
Introduction
Most of us love to eat fish, don't we? Fish is the source of protein and we also know fish comes
from ocean. There were full of fishes many decades ago, but it's not the situation today. Our earth
now facing too much complex issues like pollution, climate change and of course overfishing. All of
the problems are created by ourselves' activities.
What is overfishing, there is a definition from Wikipedia: "Overfishing is a form of overexploitation
where fish stocks are reduced to below acceptable levels. Overfishing can occur in water bodies of
any size, such as ponds, rivers, lakes or oceans, and can result in resource depletion, reduced
biological growth rates and low biomass levels." Obviously, in one word, overfishing is catching ...
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The increasing humans need for fishes stimulate fishing committees go fishing more frequently and
crazily.
Also, illegally fishing transactions from black markets are big problems for overfishing because of
the attractive profits.
Why do we need to end overfishing?
In recent years, the increasing humans needs make fish catching more frequently; technology, better
fishing equipment make fishing easier and faster. Many fishing industries have the best equipment,
vessels, and technology that make sure that they are able to fishing deep into the oceans. They can
stay on the oceans for weeks and months to fishing. Experts believe that the equipment from all over
the world is enough to catching fish on 4 earth–size planets.
There are some impacts of overfishing:
First, non–sustainable practice destroys the marine environments, and disrupts the entire food chains
in the oceans. It will impact all the living life in the chains.
Second, Sustainable fishing can make sure that people's livelihoods are protected and the fishing
business is sustained. But overfishing does not guarantee that, and soon, the fishing business will go
breaking and people will be out of

Hadrian Connolley: A Short Story
The sea is a being that can never be conquered it is its own ruler. Try as we may we can never
become its friend. As humans it is in our nature to conquer what is facing us as the greater force. So
what is to happen when a man finds himself stranded on a boat in the middle of the Pacific Ocean
with nothing but the clothes on his back and a picture in his pocket? He conquered what no one
before ever could he became friends with the ocean.
Hadrian Connolley went about his morning as usual grabbing the gear he would need for his fishing
trip. Having fished his whole life he thought he could handle whatever surprises should be thrown at
him. Though nothing could have possibly prepared him for what his monthly trip to the Sanulawha
Bay had in store ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After having fished for a few hours he pulled up the anchor and set off back towards the bay. After
an hour or so Hadrian looked around expecting to see the outskirts of the bay but he saw nothing.
What he had not realized was that in his blissful reprieve from reality the island had finally came
true with the superstitious legends surrounding it. The island itself had shifted around Hadrian
hidden from his mortal eyes causing his sense of time and direction to become off sync with the
usual manner of time in which he was used to. Figuring he would eventually come across land
Hadrian did not panic too much for he knew someone would come looking for him when he did not
check back into the bay. After hours of seeing nothing but water Hadrian's reality finally started to
set in that he was lost and drifting farther and farther from any sort of

Arguments Against Turtle Exclusion Devices
Response to the Efficacy of Turtle Exclusion Devices As a disclaimer, before I begin this argument
against turtle exclusion devices I want to make a point. I support turtle conservation and support the
development of turtle exclusion devices because they are very effective. There are a myriad of
sources out there that talk about other preventative measures being more effective at preventing
turtle by–catch and that is what I am going to talk about.
Recently there has been an increase in the development of different methods of by–catch prevention
for different reasons. Fishermen do not like using Turtle Exclusion Devices because they feel it is
too expensive and some of them feel that it affects how much fish they catch (Fratto). Among the
many developments are gill nets and pot nets, which have attached exclusion devices on them.
These are more effective then turtle exclusion devices because the nets do not have separate
attachments as TEDs do. The nets work by running in a certain direction and when whales ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If only a few ships and fisherman here and there adopt turtle exclusion devices, their effect will not
be seen. A measure that needs to be taken is one that will do a multitude of things. One, the
conservation measure is one that all ships can adopt. This is the only way that exclusion devices can
be effective. Two, there needs to be some sort of visible and/or tangible reward for compliance like a
stipend or a subsidy. In addition, the final reason is to implement a conversation technique that will
benefit both marine animals like the sea turtles and humans (Mullon). We live in a selfish world
where people, before agreeing to something, want to see how it benefits them. Anglers are not going
to adopt a new gear modification or exclusion device if it hurts their business. They will refuse
implement them even if it is the

Overfishing the World Big Fish Population
Over Fishing the World Big Fish Population
Insert your Name Here
SCI275
Axia College of University of Phoenix
The overfishing of our world's oceans is causing a depletion of some prize fish, such as tuna and
swordfish, to the point that some scientists believe that 90% of these big fish populations have been
fished out. Jeremy Jackson of the Scripps Institute of Oceanography published a study in 2001 in
which he asserts that overfishing is more destructive than toxic pollution or degrading water quality
(University of Phoenix, 2007). Dr. Daniel Pauly, Professor and Director of the University of British
Columbia's Fisheries Centre, describes it as follow on The Overfishing.org (2007) website: "The big
fish, the bill ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By putting this plan into practice, we will also resolve the other problems created by over fishing, as
it effects not only the depleted fish population, but also the animals for which those fish are food of
choice. Whales are turning to sea otters for food, rather than the sea lions and seals on which they
normally feed, as those populations also decline. Over fishing has also caused the use, as stated
earlier, of smaller mesh nets, increasing the amount of by catch that is caught in the nets. By catch is
the seabirds, dolphins, sea turtles, and even whales that are also caught in the net as they drag it in,
and are usually dumped back into the ocean, dead or dying. A drastic reduction in the amount of by
catch will subsequently occur with the reinstating of the larger mesh nets.
The management plan may cause fishermen to have to look into a second source of income for the
first five to ten years, as the most severe restrictions are put into place, giving the fish populations
can breed and repopulate, and a reassessment to be done by the scientific community charged with
monitoring the big fish groups. Governments might be forced to subsidize the industry for this initial
period, to help prevent illegal poaching by some fishermen who saw poaching as their only
economic alternative. Consumers would have to reduce their use of fish, and would have to pay
more for the fish they did purchase at the market during this period of

Argumentative Essay On Declining Fish
Over fishing our waters is causing a great deal of concern amongst environmentalist and commercial
fishermen. According to the Declining Fish Stock video, the average commercial fishermen's catch
is about 20,000 pounds. This has been estimated to equal a couple hundred fish per day per vessel
(Declining Fish, 2007). Some studies indicate that commercial fishing fleets have stripped the ocean
waters of at least 90 percent of its big fish (Declining Fish, 2007). This has begun to cause heavy
competition between commercial fishermen who are left competing for the other 10 percent of the
remaining fish population (Declining Fish, 2007).
Studies indicate that our oceans are not as resilient as we had once believed (Declining Fish, 2007).
According to Dr. Jeremy Jackson of the Scripps Institute of Oceanography, we will never again be
able to fish our waters at the level that we have been over the last half century (Declining Fish,
2007). Dr. Jackson also states that over fishing is more destructive to the ocean waters than toxic
pollution or degrading water quality (Declining Fish, 2007). This is a frightening thought and seems
to have environmentalists and commercial fishermen at each other's throats.
When asked if the damage to the fish population is at a level of completion, Dr. Jackson said that the
damage was near completion but that the damage could be reversed if we take much needed drastic
measures to ensure that these fish have a chance to repopulate (Declining Fish,

The Effects Of Overfishing On The Ocean
As I researched how overfishing affects the ocean, I came across an article, from the credible source,
World wildlife fund; titled "Overfishing". As I read more about what it does to the ecosystem; there
I learned that "More than 85 percent of the world 's fisheries have been pushed to or beyond their
biological limits and are in need of strict management plans to restore them" ("Overfishing"). I
thought to myself, that's insane. As I continued to read I learned that most of the protein the world
gets comes from those fisheries; most of the world depends on the ocean for the daily caloric intake
("Big–Fish Stocks Fall 90 Percent Since 1950, Study Says"). Illegal fishing is another culprit of the
decline of the fish stocks worldwide. Illegal fishing can range from fishing fleets taking more than
they can and ignoring protocols to recreational fishermen who don't follow set regulations. All of
these factors play a vital role in the declination of biodiversity not only at home but around the
world ("Big–Fish Stocks Fall 90 Percent Since 1950, Study Says"). One specific way that fleet
fishermen are using that destroys fish populations but also that actual ocean floor is, bottom
trawling. Bottom trawling is when they rake the ocean floor to drive up the fish to the surface, thus
annihilating the fish on all the levels of water ("Big–Fish Stocks Fall 90 Percent Since 1950, Study
Says"). This is incredible affectful to the size of the haul, but it destroys the fishery and the

The Andrea Gail
The Andrea Gail is a 72–foot fishing boat that became famous as the subject of the movie The
Perfect Storm. Starring George Clooney. The movie is based on a book of the same name. Written
by Sebastian Junger. Caught in a perfect combination of elements that would produce the worst
possible conditions. The Andrea Gail would battle nature with deadly results.
The Andrea Gail sailed out of Gloucester Harbor, captained by Billy Tyne and carrying five
crewmen. All experienced fishermen. When they left the harbor in late September of 1991. They
were making the last swordfish run of the season as part of a fleet with other fishing vessels. Their
target was the Grand Banks off the coast of Newfoundland. An area rich with many varieties of fish.
Planning to be gone at least a month, the ship was loaded with supplies and enough ice to preserve
the swordfish until they made it back into the harbor.
The Andrea Gail crew set out their longlines–40–mile lines with 1,000 hooks each–on October 23,
1991, for what they hoped was the last and best catch of the season. Most crews needed to catch
40,000 pounds of fish to make a decent profit. Unfortunately, the boat's ice machine–needed to
preserve the fish–was not working properly. Influencing Tyne's decision to head for home early
while the others in his fleet were still fishing. At the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even in today's modern world. The sea claims many lives each year. And the magnitude of
Gloucester's sacrifice is enormous. As a memorial to the many who have lost their lives at sea, the
city of Gloucester has dedicated a statue to the fishermen. As an additional memorial for those who
have surrendered their lives to the sea. Gloucester has erected nine large plaques listing the year and
the name of each victim. The names of Billy Tyne and his five crewmen have been added to this
memorial. Just six more names of the more than 10,000 men lost at sea throughout Gloucester's

Informative Essay On Fishless Oceans
Melanie Chen
Professor Polster
English 1B
14 March 2016
Fishless Oceans Have you ever wondered about what lives deep within the ocean? With the earth
composed of 71% of ocean, there live many different species of marine life such as salmon, tuna,
sharks, and other aquatic animals. Because of the healthy proteins and fats such as omega–3 fatty
acids fish provide, fish consumption has greatly increased over the past few decades. With fish as an
alternative to red meats such as cows, pigs, and chicken, it has provided many benefits for our health
such as regulate blood clotting, and provide significant amounts of iron, and "good" omega fatty
acids that the human body cannot produce on its own. Fishing has been used to meet consumer
demand and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, one commercial fishing method that has significantly increased the amount of bycatch
and destruction of marine ecosystems is known as bottom trawling. This popular commercial fishing
technique was first introduced in New Zealand when fishers began searching for shrimp and other
deep sea species. Trawling is now being used to catch a range of species, such as shrimp, hoki, ling,
hake, squid, and halibut. Bottom trawling "involves one or two fishing vessels to tow a large net."
As these large nets drag through the bottom seafloor, nets can be towed for at least two hours at a
speed of a high of four knots. With these weighted nets dragging along the seafloor, everything in its
path is either disturbed, damaged, or completely destroyed. Although bottom trawling may be a
more labor–saving method to catching large loads of shrimp and other deep sea life, there have been
occurrences in which the amount of bycatch discarded exceeds the amount of target fish caught. For
instance, in 2007, Belize only landed "19 metric tons of shrimp and likely discarded about 76 to 190
metric tons of other marine life." From the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations, Kelleher stated that bottom trawling has been "one of the most destructive ways to catch
fish, and is responsible for up to half of all discarded fish and marine life worldwide." Not only has
bottom trawling led to overfishing but it also has disrupted coral reefs, and many other seafloor
habitats. As habitat destruction from these fishing techniques worsen, fish populations continue to
be threatened and

Environmental Effects Of Overfishing
The ocean is one of the largest sources of food and income for countries all across the globe. As the
fishing industry and human population grow, more and more resources are being taken out of the
ocean every year. If this process continues without any type of new regulation, our oceans' supply of
resources will quickly start depleting. Without a sustainable output from our oceans, millions of
people will be losing income that they thought they could rely on forever. While most people are not
aware of this problem, over the past fifty years overfishing has developed into a huge environmental
issue that could have catastrophic global effects on us in the future if left untreated. According to
WorldWildlife.org, "More than 85 percent of the world's fisheries have been pushed to or beyond
their biological limits and are in need of strict management plans to restore them"(WWL.org). This
statistic shows that most of our oceans' resources are being overused and depleted. Some of the the
most important fish species, for example, the bluefin tuna, have been exploited to the point that their
population's survival is at risk. The overfishing of top predators disrupts marine ecosystems and
food chains, leaving a large quantity of smaller populations. This type of imbalance can be very
dangerous to the oceans ecosystems by throwing off the natural order of predators. In the past
fishing was more sustainable because the technology that is used today did not exist. They did not

Argumentative Essay On Kayak Fishing
Kayaks have been classic vessels for fishing, as opposed to using a big boat. Many people are
flocking to kayak fishing because of its many benefits. Kayaks for fishing range from two hundred
dollars to thirteen hundred dollars, much less than the cost of a boat (fishhound). Operating a boat
takes a toll on the angler and his gear and it comes with a lot to think about, and it is hard to handle.
Using a kayak instead of a boat allows access to non motorised water bodies, as well as height and
length limited water bodies. Most people use kayaks because they provide peace and quiet, and they
promote exercise benefits (Mac). Buying a kayak instead of a boat, and using artificial bait instead
of natural bait is the best option because of the benefits ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Anglers also prefer to use artificial bait this because they need to use much more equipment when
using natural bait. (The Dorling 250). The equipment needed when using natural bait includes
bobbers, hooks, line, swivels and weights. Searching for and storing for all of these items is time
consuming and very expensive. Another downside to natural bait fishing occurs when fishing with
live fish. When using this method, an angler would not always know in which direction the fish on
the end of the line is going to swim. Using a live fish as bait can be quite difficult because it is hard
to get a live fish to stay on a hook.when using artificial bait the only tackle you need is the lure. A
very popular method of artificial bait is crankbaits. Crankbaits are easy to use, inexpensive and they
are durable. Anglers prefer to use artificial bait over natural bait because natural bait lasts only a few
hours, but artificial baits can last for years. Another plus to using artificial bait is that the angler will
be able to cast into the water quickly. The natural bait fisherman will have to organise his tackle,
prepare his rod, and tie everything together. Artificial baits are useful for kids because most
crankbaits have an action. An action is when an angler has to move the rod a certain way for the lure
to work. Lures that are good for kids can just be casted out and reeled straight back in. Some lures
are made with one single barbless hook. The advantage to using a barbless hook is that once is on
the hook the hook is easy to remove. In the event that an angler has put hook through his skin a
barbless hook is eazy to take

Overfishing Negative Effects On The Marine World
There are too many boats, chasing fewer and fewer fish
Overfishing is a term that is used to describe an increasing problem faced throughout the world. Fish
are the most popular source of food from the ocean. Fishing is a worldwide sport as well as a
livelihood to all walks of life. Millions of people from all over the globe depend on the oceans for
their stable food and income. People must consider many facts before they choose to go fishing as a
leisure activity and especially as a money making venture. Overfishing is causing negative effects to
the marine world and if no actions are taken to reduce the damage caused to the oceans environment
very soon, severe economical and environmental impacts will be irreparable.
Overfishing can be best ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For one, there needs to be better management to control the marine ecosystems. When a fishery is
lost many people suffer, just "In the United States, the seafood industry provides 250,000 jobs and
adds $30 billion annually to the nation's economy" (Facts on file). This has a big impact on
American jobs by having that many people unemployed. With no fish left in our oceans, fisherman
and fisheries are bound to go out of businesses in no time. It also restricts people and businesses that
depend on it for profit. About "63% of global fish stocks are now considered overfished and 40,000
jobs were lost with the collapse of just one overfished cod population" (Greenpeace). This shows
that people, fisheries, and the environmentalist are all affected by these changes. These actions have
also dealt with governmental and international levels in order to regulate the coastal communities to
be in compliance with all the regulations. The coastal communities "around the world depend on
fish as their primary source of protein. Overfishing threatens their long–term food security,
particularly in developing countries" (WWF). Throughout developing countries fish is the most
common food source because it's so abundant, but that's drastically changing due to overfishing all
over the globe. In some cases, "Overfishing threatens coastal nations down to the local level,
devastating communities whose chief

The World Of The Human Race Essay
Since the beginning of the human race, the ocean has been a major source of food. People near the
shores have been taking of advantage of the ocean's rich and diverse source of nourishment for
centuries, both as a source of food and a livelihood. However, since the dawn of the industrial age,
humans have begun to take from the ocean more that it can give. As a result, the ocean can no longer
provide the human race with the abundance that it once did. As technology rapidly advances,
populations skyrocket, and global warming spreads havoc, the ocean's biodiversity and once
abundant supply of fish is dwindling, calling marine scientists and experts to race to find solutions
that will restore the oceans health while battling world hunger.
If one were to describe what he or she thought of when thinking of the earliest humans, thousands of
years ago, chances are that the cliché image of a big–game hunter or cave man, running across a
savanna, chasing down wooly methods and saber tooth tigers would come to mind. And while this
hyperbolized scenario may hold some truth to it, a large component of human history is negated
from it. The first known interaction between humans and the sea dates back to nearly 160,000 years
ago. Archeologists have discovered remnants of shellfish littering the floors of caves that were
occupied by the earliest known humans. Shellfish were gathered by early humans and were essential
in provided essential omega–3 fatty acids for necessary brain development

The Environmental Sustainability Of Aquaculture
The ocean. A vast, mysterious, and priceless treasure found only on planet earth. Home to some of
the most complex and distinct species in the world. Humans have a close connection to oceans. Over
the last several centuries, humans nearly harvested every living creature from the seas. Habitat loss,
destruction of ecosystems, and even extinction, became the aftermath of the fishing industries. From
the oceans, mass amounts of aquatic creatures such as fish, molluscs, and crustaceans were being
captured by 4.7 million fishing vessels in 2012, an ever expanding number. (FAO1, 2014). Oceans
were left forever changed. Aquaculture is the solution. Using controlled environments and
efficiently reproductive fish breeds, humans are able to raise ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
"Give a man a fish and you feed him for day, teach a man how to fish and you feed him for a
lifetime," said the Spanish scholar Maimonides nearly a millennium ago. Fishing is a critical source
of nutrition for the ever expanding demands of the modern world. The method of farming, feeding
and harvesting of fish, shellfish and aquatic plants have been practiced by humans for centuries. It is
not until 2012 when aquaculture accounted for nearly 42 percent of the total global seafood
production. (FAO, 2014) Being the fastest growing food production industry in the world,
aquaculture mostly thrives in Asian countries such as China, India, and Vietnam with global
production value at 137.7 billion USD in 2012. (FAO, 2014) However, the negative impacts of
aquaculture remains prevalent. China, being the largest producer of aquacultural products, has faced
eutrophication and fish waste pollution as a result. (Liu, 2005) Counteractively, the Chinese
government has set standards for regulating antibiotics and chemicals used as well as filtering
pollution and waste. (NBSO, 2010) Aquaculture is also able to alleviate the lack of activity
commonly found in developing nations. Given time, links of food security, rural development,
improved nutrition and established services can all be drawn to aquaculture. (FAO, 2006) In the
past, rich resources of fish and marine

Us Coast Guard Case Study
Under international law, the US coast Guards cutter has the rights to board, search and seize the
vessel for illegal fishing without the Russian consent. The US coast Guard IS authorized to board
boats substance to the jurisdiction of the United States at anytime, anyplace on the seas and the
waterway over which the US has the jurisdiction, to make inquiries, inspection, examinations,
inspections, and arrests. Furthermore, this suggests that the US coast Guards do not necessarily need
the warrant to conduct the search, arrests over any US waterways. They also have a full legal law
enforcement power on any given land under the control of the US, as needed in the completion of
any given mission. This case is similar to a case that we had done

Ocean Overfishing Effects
Ocean overfishing is the process of removing wildlife from the ocean (or any other water sources) at
unsustainable rates that lower their replication rates. Overfishing began around the mid–20th
century. At this time, there were many attempts to increase the pricings and variety of protein–rich
foods; this led to the government trying to increase the fish capacity. While the fishing operations
advanced, the fish populations deteriorated. These operations ended up turning into profit–hoggers
and started to steal the ocean's wildlife. Considering that this was just the onset of overfishing, the
buyers became adapted to having a variety of fish at reasonable prices. In 1989, after about 90
million tons of fish were taken from the ocean, the products ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Simply put, fish do not stand a chance against the most intelligent and dangerous hunters: humans.
If people carry on at this pace, it can build a biodiversity crisis larger and more severe than humanity
has ever experienced. That is why specialists have formed organizations and societies against
overfishing to help decrease the number of fish that vanish every day. Greenpeace East Asia helps to
advise people that we depend on earth's oceans or life cannot exist without them (Defending Our
Oceans 1). Greenpeace East Asia makes certain that God's creations are indefinitely defended by
humans. From reducing air pollution to conserving food and agriculture, Greenpeace, along with
companies and establishments aside from it, help maintain a neutral balance between life on land
and in water. There are many ways to prevent overfishing from becoming even more of an issue in
the world. For instance, normal everyday people can spread the word about how overfishing is a
huge crisis that needs to be dealt with appropriately. Also, when people shop for fish they should
choose the one's that are not endangered or harmed by overfishing. Besides everyday people,
fisheries need to start pitching in. They need to enact safe catch limits, which is a limit on the
number of fish caught by a fishery. In addition, they need to take control on bycatch. Another thing
they can do is monitor fishermen when they

Exemplification Essay: The Andrea Gail
Some people find storms rather relaxing and enjoy listening to it. Others might even enjoy being in
one. The same couldn't be said on the day of October 30, 1991 for 6 fishermen on a 72 foot long
long–liner called, The Andrea Gail, in North Atlantic Ocean in the middle of "The Perfect Storm".
"The Andrea Gail, in the language, was a raked–stem, hard chined, western–rig boat"
[outsideonline.com]. The six fishermen were David Sullivan, Robert Shatford, Dale Murphy,
Michael Moran, Alfred Pierre, and the captain, William Tyne. The Andrea Gail left Gloucester with
the six men to a swordfishing trip to the Grand Banks off Newfoundland on September twentieth
1991. "The men watched TV, cooked and ate, slept, prepared the fishing year, talked, talked ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This town is squeezed between a rocky coast along with a big amount of scrub pine and boulders
called Dogtown Common. The jobs in this town are very limited, a 3rd of all jobs are fishing or
fishing related. Gloucester is very beautiful town and is an attraction to the people with the love to
fish and also for the sites.
When the storm hit The Andrea Gail, the boat was south of Nova Scotia. When the hurricane hit
them, "The Andrea Gail would have flipped end–over–end and landed hull up, exploding the
wheelhouse windows"[outsideonline.com]. The six men are in bad condition, they are now stuck in
the middle of the storm and unconscious in the flooded enclosures of the boat. The more time went
on, the more their conditions worsen. The 6 men either suffer from laryngospasm or completely
inundated lungs. It was reported that The Andrea Gail was dealing with 30–foot seas and 50–80 mile
winds, devastating coastal New England.
The Andrea Gail and her crew was supposed to return to its port by Saturday. She hasn't been heard
from since Thursday. It was reported to be at least 180 miles east–northeast from Canada's Stable
Island. The Coast Guard started searching for the vessel on November 4, 1991 and continued until
10 days later, the search was called off. Their families were

The Overfishing Of Our Oceans
Overfishing
The ocean makes up nearly three–quarters of the planet 's surface and contains about eighty percent
of the life on earth. Millions of people all over the world depend on seafood heavily as a primary
source of food. Americans alone consumed as much as 15.8 pounds of seafood per person in 2009
(NOAA). This is a lot of fish. In fact, it is so much that many populations of fish are going extinct.
At this particular rate according to National Geographic, scientist predict that the earth is expected
to lose all of its current fisheries by the year 2048 (Roach). The overfishing of our oceans leads to
unmanageable practices that will eventually cause many species of fish to become extinct.
According to National Geographic, overfishing dates back to the 1800s when humans killed off
massive amounts of whale population to retrieve blubber for lamp oil (Roach). Similarly, Atlantic
cod, herring, and California 's sardines, were also fished to the brink of extinction by the mid–1900s.
Theses cases were extremely harmful to the ecosystems food chain. To counter these losses, the
United States passed the Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (NOAA).
This law made it illegal for foreign countries to fish within 200 nautical miles of the United States
shoreline. This would make it easier to manage illegal fishing. Congress also established eight
regional councils with representation from the coastal states and fishery stakeholders. Their jobs
were to come up

Analysis Of The Canadian Salmon Fishy
The subjects presented in chapters1–3 in the Policy Analysis book are The Canadian Salmon
Fishery, What is policy Analysis and Toward Professional Ethics. The Canadian Salmon Fishery
preview is in chapter one. The chapter talks about how the product of policy analysis is advice. How
the advice for policy comes in many forms. "The purpose is to show a comprehensive analysis that
has a description and analysis of the problem, specific policy alternatives, an assessment of the
alternatives, and policy recommendation" (Weimer, Vining pg.1). One of the stories in this chapter
discuss, the Salmon fishery of British Columbia and the challenges it had. The study that was
conducted showed the fishery as of now represents net drain on the wealth of Canadians. This was
the case for several years in spite of the reforms that was done in 1995 and 2001. Even though some
of the problems were inherent were market failures, ineffective or counterproductive government
interventions. They wanted the current regulatory regime change to a policy that was based on
exclusive ownership of the salmon fishing rights for specific rivers. "There were four policy that
analysis examined: (1) the status quo policy, (2) harvesting rights, and (4) individual transferable
quotas. All four are evaluated ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Woodrow Wilson words gave clear statement of the basic foundation for old
administration:"...administration lies outside the proper spheres of politics. Administration questions
are political questions. Although politics sets the tasks for administration, it should not suffer to
manipulate its offices". The old public administration and policy analysis are meant to give better
expertise in public endeavors. When the organizational structures are establishment; the public
administrator can give their attention to personnel, budgets, and operating procedures that will meet
their organizational

Overfishing And Its Effects On The Ocean
Overfishing Leads to a Worldwide Oceanic Ecological Collapse People often take the ocean for
granted due to its vastness since it makes up over seventy percent of the Earth, however the integrity
of the ocean is deteriorating. One of the major, worldwide threats to the wellbeing of the ocean and
its inhabitants is overfishing. Overfishing affects not only the ocean, but also the land dwellers.
Many countries around the world depend on fish as their main source of food. Tons of fish are
caught out of the sea daily, however, the rate that fish are being hauled is far too high where fish
stocks are incapable of naturally recovering. There is a decline in population size of affected fish
and some species have even faced extinction. Overfishing is the leading cause of ecological
extinction, foregoing any other human disruptions to marine ecosystems, such as pollution, water
degradation, and climate change (Jackson, et al). Overfishing causes an overwhelming devastation
upon the oceans because it depletes food resources, disrupts the food web, and destroys habitats of
aquatic organisms, due to this, overfishing causes an oceanic ecological collapse worldwide.
Overfishing is not a problem that has recently arise, but a problem that started since the early 1800s.
Overfishing first began when people sought for blubber for lamp oil, which lead to a decline in
whale population. By the mid–1900s, some fish were almost wiped out, such as the Atlantic cod,
herring, and sardines

Story : A Short Story
"You told me that once you decided not to go back even if Syd didn't keep her word. We stand a
much better chance together than if we go it alone. I told Donovan that I knew and he told me to get
out. I am not going back." Dominique sighed. "Fool." Ann smiled and Gabby crawled up in
Dominique's lap. "I took money and my sowing things. They would be expensive to replace and it is
the closest thing I have to a trade. And this." Ann set the orb containing Gabby's namesake on the
table. "It was why I was in your chambers when Donovan set fire to the garden. "She is the closest
thing either of us have to family," Ann promised. Dominique studied the things that Ann had
brought, as her heart readjuding. Several times, since Barrie walked into that chapel she thought she
had left her new life behind, but this was another step down to Earth. Donovan hadn't loved her
enough to accept her. He was scorching the Earth to rid himself of traces of her. "Dominique do you
have a plan?" She bounced the toddler on her knee. No. Somewhere she thought her husband would
appear with one. "What do you," Dominique spoke slowly as the words came, "think about the
ocean?" Part III Chapter 10 The Lady Dominique pushed her sooty blond hair out of her face. It was
far shorter now. She stoked the fire and looked to yard where Keenon and Gabby were playing. Ann
would be home soon with bread for luncheon. She should really start to wash up, but if she could
just finished this

The Joys of Fishing Essay
Fishing is an activity I have enjoyed doing ever since I was a little kid. In fact, one of my first
fishing voyages was with my grandpa when I was about eight years old. He was an avid fisherman
who went fishing almost every day and knew everything there was to know about fishing. Grandpa
got me hooked on fishing. After Grandpa died, my dad picked up where Grandpa left off. We had a
pontoon, and Dad took my brothers and me fishing whenever we had the chance. To this day, I still
love fishing just as much as I had on my first fishing trip with my grandpa. Many people enjoy
hobbies that are relaxing and peaceful, and others prefer exhilarating activities that never have a dull
moment. I enjoy fishing because it has some of both. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The excitement begins to rise as the first cast draws nearer. The motor is prepared for take–off and
the key is placed in the ignition. The engine turns over and the huge motor roars. The sleek boat
accelerates rapidly and speeds toward the first fishing spot of the day. In a matter of minutes, the
powerful boat glides into the fishing spot. The anticipation of catching a fish becomes almost
unbearable. The fishing poles are grabbed quickly out of the rod lockers, and lures are tied onto the
end of the fishing line. Moments later, the sound of a lure splashing into the water can be heard from
the boat. The real adventure has just begun. Fishing has been around a long time and has been
evolving over the years. In fact, the first known fishermen were from the Stone Age. They used
materials that were available to them to catch fish and put food on the table for their families.
Succeeding the Stone Age however, fishing has slowly begun to transform into more of a sport than
a method of providing food. National Geographic states, "It wasn't until the 15th century that fishing
began its evolution into a sport. Previously, fishing was simply a means for survival." Fishing has
changed so immensely that it has become a competitive sport. Fishermen all over the world angle
competitively against each other in huge tournaments for a living. These professional fishermen are
awarded millions of dollars to angle out of expensive boats that their sponsors pays for.

Alaska Ranger Research Paper
The fishing industry can be a very exciting and fulfilling world to work in. You're always working,
traveling to new places, dealing with challenges, and experiencing new things. This is what draws
many people to the trade, but it is a dangerous job. In a report from the National Transportation
Safety Board found that, in 2007 that the commercial fishing had the highest fatality rate in the
country with 111.8 deaths for every 100,000 workers. (NTSB). There are many reasons why it's so
dangerous and on March 23, 2008 the crew of the fishing vessel Alaska Ranger experienced some of
the dangers that life at sea can bring when their ship sunk in the cold icy waters off Alaska. There
were many factors why the vessel perished, but the main reason ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Emergency equipment included bilge pumps, alarms for fire and bilge levels, three life rafts, fifty
five immersion suits, and EPIRB. The Ranger was a twin screw ship with two 3,500 HP motors with
2 spade type rudders behind 2 variable–pitch props. To sum it up the Alaska Ranger was a standard
fishing vessel that had been sailing since 1973. The ship met all the minimum Coast Guard required
regulations in terms of safety and equipment but was not completely watertight which would be the
ships undoing. The Alaska Ranger operated in the Bering Sea which is one of the most dangerous
seaways to traverse. High winds, large swells, ice, and unpredictable weather can make it extremely
treacherous especially in the winter months. The vessel had 47 crew members with 2 deck officers
and 3 engine officers. Before the accident the Ranger had been docked in Dutch Harbor, AK and
was given orders to travel 500 miles to the west to the fertile fishing grounds of Petrel Bank to
escape the ice that was in Bering Sea at the time. The total time for the voyage was to be 2 ½

Variable Cost And Total Contribution Essay

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